English Guide Corregido

8/2/2019 English Guide Corregido

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English Guide Always complete the blanks!!

1 Subject Auxiliar

Pronouns Verb "Be" (Present) Formula: O + Be + Complement.

" O "

I am fine, thank you. or " Im fine, thank you".

You are from Italy. or "Youre from Italy".He is in the classroom. or "______ in the classroom".

She is Helen Samuels. or "___________ Helen Samuels".

It is blue. or "____________".

We are students. or "We_______________".

You are the new workers. or "___________________ workers".

They are American. or "___________ American".

2 Verb "Be" Negative Formula: O + Be + not + complement.

I am + not = Im not fine. (Nota: am y not no se pueden unir)

You are + not = You _________ Italian.

He is + not = __________ at the bus stop.

She is + not = She isnt with Mrs. Roberts.

It is + not = It _______ cold today.

We are + not = We arent near the hotel.

You are + not = You _________ married.

They are + not = _______________ from The U.S.A.

3 Verb "Be" Interrogative Formula: Be + O + complement?

Short answers:Am + I Am I in Oak Street? Yes, I am No, Im not

Are + you ________ a taxi driver? Yes, you are No, you _______

Is + he ______ the old teacher? Yes, ______ No, he isnt

Is + she _______ a good cook? Yes, ______ No, _________

Is + it Is it a nice restaurant? Yes, ______ No, _________

Are + we _______ good actresses? Yes, ______ No, we arent

Are + You Are you in my class? Yes, _______ No, __________

Are + They ________ engineers? Yes, ________ No, they arent

NOTA: Los pronombres I, You, He, She e It son singulares y los pronombres

We, You y They son plurales.

I am an Austrailian citizen. We are foreign students.

You arent a nurse. Are you Spanish citizen__?

Is he ___ negative boy? They arent any musician__.

She isnt ___ manager.

It is ___ nice dress.

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4 Pronouns Possessive

Adjectives

I my ___ teacher is from Japan.

You your Is this your red pencil?

He his ____ Mum is an architect.

She her Her names Caroline.It its The bird feeds ____ chicks.

We our Our school is in the City Centre.

You your My father doesnt like _____ friends.

They their ______ magazines are in German.

5 Question Words Wh-

What (Qu / Cual) ______ is your name?

Who (Quien) ____ is your uncle?

When (Cuando) _____ is your birthday?

Where (En dnde) ______ do you live?

Which (Cual*) ______ does he want, orange or apple?

How (Cmo) ____ old are they?

Why (Por qu) ____ is she crying? (Se contesta con "because")

Whose (De quin) ______ trainers are these?

*Se usa para escoger entre dos opciones.

6 This, That, These, Those

H e r e (aqu) T h e r e (all)

This plural = These That plural = Those(Este/ esta) (estos/ estas) (Ese/ esa) (Esos/ esas)

Whats the price of _____clock? It is 15.50

This girl likes that modern cell phone. Yes, I like it too.

______ photographs are very nice. I think they are blurred.

Put the stickers in these books. Yes, they look nice on them.

That pig smells very bad. But it is very cute.

Is _____ hat your mothers? No, it isnt my mothers.

I think ______vegetables taste good. I think they arent so tasty.

Those cowboys have got boots. Really? I see they have got trainers.

What are these? They are false teeth.

What is that? It is an alarm clock.

RECUERDEN que cuando usamos this y that usamos los verbos en 3a. Persona.

This is your new bag. That is my favourite color.

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7 COUNTRIES NATIONALITIES

Mexico Mexican I am from ______ / Im Mexican.

Brazil Brazilian Youre from Brazil/ You are _________.

Germany German He is from Germany/ Hes ______.

Argentina Argentinian Im from _________/ I am ___________.

Australia Australian She is from Australia/ Shes Australian.The USA American Its from ___ ____/ It is American.

Italy Italian We are from Italy/ Were Italian.

Russia Russian Youre from ______/ Youre Russian.

Canada Canadian He is from ______/ Hes ________.

Egypt Egyptian They are from Egypt/ They are Egyptian.

Spain Spanish I am from Spain/ Im _______.

The United Kindom Shes from The U.K./ Shes English/

or Great Britain English or British British.

Turkey Turkish Were from ______/ We are _______.

Poland Polish It is from ______/ Its Polish.

China Chinese Theyre from _____/ Theyre _______.

Japan Japanese Hes from Japan/ Hes Japanese.

Thailand Thai You are from Thailand/ Youre Thai.

France French Shes from France/ She is French.

Nota: se puede usar el verbo BE en contraccin o separado.

8 There is (singular) There are (Plural) Hay (del verbo haber)

There __ a rat in the athic. There ___ some free tables in the room.

__ there an elephant in the forest? There arent any bottles in the freezer.

There isnt one ball in this game. ___ there any taxis in the airport?

Nota: Any solo se usa en oraciones negativas e interrogativas.

IMPORTANTE NO CONFUNDIR "THEY" (pronombre "ellos"), "THESE" (plural de this,

"estos/estas") y "THERE" ("ah" o para el conjunto de "there is/ are" "hay" de haber).

9 PLURALS

Se aade una S a la mayora de los nombres (nouns) Nota: no se pone (apstrofe)

SINGULAR PLURAL

a bag bags This ___ is clean, but those ____ are dirty.

a taxi taxis

a car cars There are some ____ in this parking lot.

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an umbrella umbrellas

a shoe shoes My _____ are red and black.

a village villages

a river rivers

a tree trees The _____ in this park are very tall.

a castle castles

a flower flowers There arent any _______ in my mothers garden.

Las palabras terminadas en "Y" se sustituye la misma con "i" y se agrega "es" :

a dairy dairies The teacher asks the students to write their _______.

a city cities

a country countries I want to visit some _________.

a sky skies

Excepcin: a boy boys

Las palabras que terminan en "o", "sh", "ch", "x" y "ss" se les agrega "es":

a bench benches

a church churches In Puebla there are many ________.

a watch watches

a dress dresses

a potato potatoes Daniela doesnt like ________.

an oxx oxxes

Las palabras que terminan con "f", se cambia la fpor "v" y se agrega "es":

a knife knives

a wife wives This man has got two _____.

a leaf leaves

a wolf wolves ______ have bad temper.

a life lives Youngsters doesnt know what to do with their _____.

Finalmente tenemos los nombres irregulares (irregular nouns) que son nombres que

cambian al convertirlos al plural:

a man men One ___ cant push a bus, but five ___ may do it.

a woman women

a child children These ________ are naughty most of the time.

a tooth teeth

a foot feet When you dance you must move both ____.

a person people

a sheep sheep

a fish fish Paul loves eating lots of ____.

NOTA: Ya no se agrega la "s" en estas palabras. 4


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"Every Summer I visit Europe and I meet lovely people, I visit very interesting cities

and buy many expensive presents for my old parents".

IMPORTANTE: Como en este ejemplo, a los adjetivos (subrayados) no se les agrega

"s" para que sean plurales, SOLAMENTE A LOS NOMBRES.

10 ADJECTIVES Los adjetivos se usan para describir y calificar el nombre (noun).

(personas, animales, cosas, lugares, etc.)

clean

old Is your old and ugly car very dangerous?

new The little baby has got a _____ doll.

nice Betty isnt a nice girl.

beautiful

awful Those men have got awfulcloths.

pretty My son likes ___________ women.

ugly Her blackdog is really ugly.

tall

short Does the police describe a shortman?

modern

sad Your grandfather looks so _____.

happy The young clown isnt always happy.

bright That star is very ___________.

dark

shy My littlenephew is very shy.

small this _______ tree will grow quickly.

colorful These fish are so colorful.

etc.

1. Put adjectives after (despues) the verb "BE". e.g. "The roomis dark".

2. Put adjectives before (antes) a noun. e.g. "I draw a talljiraffe".

3. Put very, really, so, etc. before (antes) adjectives. e.g. "Her glasses are very small"

4. Adjectives arent plural with plural nouns. e.g. "These blue kites are

for the kids".

11 Verbs in gerund after "LIKE", "LOVE" and "HATE"

Si usamos estos verbos con "cosas" (things) o "personas" (people), se utilizan en for-

ma simple e.g. "Mary likes pop music, Laura loves jazz but Louis hates classical music"

Pero despus de estos verbos, el siguiente verbo va en gerundio:

You like drinking lots of beer.

Does Rose love _________ t.v. every Friday night? (watch)

Michael hates eating onions and carrots.

The tennis players dont like ___________ at night. (practice)

TOMAR NOTA: Entre like, love y hate y el verbo en gerundio NO SE PONE NADA. 6


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12 OBJECT PRONOUNS BE CAREFULL!!

Pronouns OBJECT PRONOUNS

I me "Kate doesnt hate my person". She doesnt hate __.

You you "Jessy phones to your house". She phones ___.

He him "I pay the bill to the cashier". I pay it to him.she her "George loves his wife". Yes, he loves ___.

It it "Do the students hate reading?". Yes, they hate it.

We us "The teacher tells our class a story" He tells __ a story.

You you "They look at your team". They look at you.

They them "Do you like The Beatles?" No, I dont like ____.

DONT MISTAKE WITH THE "POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES" IN NUMBER 4.

13 PERSONAL POSSESSIONS S

Se usa el " s " (apstrofe s) para marcar posesin:

1o. La persona (pronombre) que posee algo o alguien + s + la posesin.

e.g. This is Caroline + s + walet. = This is Carolines walet.

1. I am Danielas daughter. Daniela has got a daughter.

2. That is John__ camera. John hasnt got any camera.

3. These are the students mobiles. The students havent got mobiles.

4. The boy__ hair is black. Has the boy got black hair?

5. His sister__ name is Daniella. Daniella has got a nice name.

6. The girl__ dresses are for school. Have the girls got dresses?

NOTA: Cuando el pronombre es plural y termina con s solo se pone el apstrofe

despus de esta s. e.g. turists , workers

1. Those are the turists passports.

2. We need the workers tools.

El uso del verbo have got / has got (tener) es mas usual que solamente have o has.

14 Auxiliar DO. Para formar preguntas necesitamos un auxiliar para los verbos comunes

(no verbos auxiliares). Formula: Aux. do/ does + O + V. Inf. + complement.

1. Do I dance with you? Yes, I do No, I dont

2. ___ you live with your parents? Yes, you __. No, you dont.

3. ____ James work in Volvo company? Yes, he ____. No, he _______.

4. Does she study near the hospital? Yes, she ____. No, she doesnt.

5. ____ the dear live in the forest? Yes, it does. No, it _______.

6. __ we work in the suburbs? Yes, we __. No, we _____.

7. __ you come to visit the doctor? Yes, you __. No, you _____.

8. __ the lawyers speak with the president? Yes, they __. No, they dont.

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Tambin podemos hacer preguntas con Question Words Wh- mas el auxiliar DO:

Formula: Wh- + Aux. do/does + O + -verb inf.

Where do you live? I live in Mexico City.

Who does Lidia work with? She works with her aunt.

How many things do they collect? They collect shells and bells.

What films does he like? He likes cow-boys films.

14 ESTE ES UN PEQUEO EJEMPLO DE LO QUE SERA EL EXAMEN (1a. VUELTA

Y EXTRAORDINARIO).

Complete the paragraph with the suitable words A, B or C.

"A meat-eating plant"

"(1)____ Venus flytrap (2) _____ a very strange (3) __________. It grows (4) _____ dry

parts of (5)______ United States. (6)_____ leaves (7)__________ like the pages (8)_____

a book. They can open and close very quickly. Inside the leaves, (9)________ _______

three small (10)_________. If an insect touches (11)_____ of the hairs, the leaf

(12)__________ quickly. The insect cannot get out. (13)_____ about half an

(14)__________, the leaf presses the insect until it (15)______ dead. Then, the plant

(16)___________ the insect with a special liquid. Slowly, the plant (17)___________ the

insect".

1 a) A b) The c) One Vocabulary:

2 a) are b) was c) is meat-eating carnvora

3 a) plant b) plantes c) plants flytrap atrapa moscas

4 a) of b) in c) for grows crece

5 a) the b) this c) on insect insecto6 a) It b) its c) its dry seca

7 a) was b) are c) is very muy

8 a) of b) for c) in quickly rpidamente

9 a) they are b) these are c) there are inside dentro

10 a) hair b) hairs c) haires get out salir

11 a) on b) one c) ones half media (1/2)

12 a) closes b) closses c) close until hasta

13 a) At b) On c) In dead muerto

14 a) our b) hour c) hours liquid lquido

15 a) is b) are c) his slowly lentamente

16 a) cover b) coveres c) covers cover cubrir

17 a) ate b) eats c) its

FAVOR DE TOMAR NOTA DEL TIEMPO EN QUE ACOMPLETAN ESTE EJERCICIO Y ENVIARME

LA NOTA POR MAIL [email protected]

HASTA AQU TERMINA LA GUIA PARA LOS GRUPOS 1010 Y 1020

PERO CONTINUA PARA 3010, 3020 Y 5010. 8
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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15 PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE in, on, at, near, by, in front of, under, behind, next to,

IN - (en, dentro de) The fridge is in the kitchen.

Is your sister __ Spain?

My books arent __ my bag.

ON - (en, sobre) Jamess mobile phone is on the table.

Do you always leave the towel __ the bed?

I dont like the picture __ the wall.

AT - (en, un lugar fijo, Susan studies at the University.

no especfico) They arent __ home now.

I wait for you __ the corner.

NEAR - (cerca de) Does my parents wait near the restaurant?

Is the chimp _____ the pandas?

You are always ______ me.

BY - (por, por ah) The cat passes by the foot lamp.

Are there many flowers __ the avenue?

Your chair isnt ___ your desk.

IN FRONT OF - (en frente de) The post office is in front ofthe supermarket.

The sofa isnt ___ ______ ___ the T.V.

Is the book ___ _____ ___ my suitcase?

UNDER - (abajo, debajo de) Are your shoes under the armchair?We must cover from the rain ______ the tree.

The rat hides _____ the tins.

BEHIND - (detrs de) The thief hides behind the bank.

You never clean __________ the forniture.

What is Louis searching _________ the bushes.

NEXT TO - (cerca de) We run next to the mountain.

Roger has dinner ______ ___ the swimming pool.

Is the pyramid _____ ___ our house.

Tambin tenemos preposiciones como: on the right of on the left of(a la derecha

de a la izquierda de):

The lake is on the right ofthe photo, but the trees are on the left ofthe photo.

The building is ___ _____ _______ ___ the postcard, but the castle is ___ ____

______ ___ the postcard.

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16 PREPOSITIONS OF TIME in, on, at and every

IN Seasons: spring, summer, autum/fall, winter

Months: January, March, July, September, October, etc.

the morning, the evening, the afternoon

Years: 1995, 2011, 1983, etc.

e.g. We use to travel to the south in winter.

Classes begin __August.

They never go out __ the evening.

America was discovered __ 1492.

ON Dates: January 25, 2006; August 14, 1995; etc.

Days of the week: Tuesday, Saturday, Wednesday, etc.

Moments of the day: Sunday morning/ night / evening, etc.

e.g. Mary was born on February 20, 1999.

Do we have German class ___ Friday?

The students dont go to school __ Monday evening.

AT Hours: 10 oclock, Quarter to two, Ten past four, etc.

Night

The weekend

e.g. What time is the party? At 9 oclock.

Is my date with the Doctor ___ half past five?

I dont like eating ___ night.

The Sanders family go to church ___ the weekend.

EVERY (cada) Your friend comes every evening.

The players go to the court ________ day.

Julio has a test __________ month.

17 HOURS 12:20 Twenty past twelve

2:25 ______________________________________

1:30 Half past one.

5:30 ______________________________________

4:15 Quarter past four.

8:15 ______________________________________

9:50 Ten to ten

7:55 ______________________________________

6:45 Quarter to seven.

2:45 ______________________________________

3:17 Seventeen past three.

10:11 ______________________________________

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Twenty five to six ____________

Two to eleven 10:58

Quarter past one ____________

Ten oclock ____________

Twelve past three ____________

Half past eight ____________

Quarter to two ____________Five past nine 9:05

18 FREQUENCY ADVERBS

____________/____________/_____________/___________/____________/____________

never rarely sometimes often usually always

seldom occasionally frequently

hardly ever

1. This adverbs usually go before the main verb. E.g. "Peter always visits his aunt".

2. They go after auxiliary verbs like be, do or have. E.g. "Joy is often late for trainning".

e.g. My mother never cooks at the weekends.

Olga and Samantha are _______________ fighting.

The teacher is not ___________ happy with my behavior.

Anna _______________ accepts her critics.

I dont ____________ write home.

NOTA: Los advervios never, rarely, seldom and hardly ever NO se usan en oraciones

negativas, en su lugar ponemos ever. E.g. "You dont ever arrive late to school".

Otras palabras de frecuencia son: ONCE (una vez), TWICE (dos veces) y THREE TIMES,

FOUR OR MORE TIMES.

I play tennis once a week.

You eat out twice a month.

He takes his medicine three times a day.

We go to parties ten times a year.

19 ESTE SERA UN PEQUEO EJEMPLO DE LO QUE SERA EL EXAMEN (1a VUELTA Y

EXTRAORDINARIO).

Complete the paragraph with the suitable words, A, B, C.

"A strange life"

Bill starts the day (1) __ half past seven (2) __ the morning. He gets up, gets dressed and

then he (3) ____ straight out to work. He (4) ______ the house at about eight oclock. He

cycles to work and it takes about half an (5) ____. He (6) _____ in a toothpaste factory.

He puts the tops on the tubes. He stays (7) _____ until lunchtime at one oclock, (8) ____

he goes home again. Hes (9) __ home (10) ___ three hours and then he goes back to

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work. He works in a different (11) _____ in the afternoon. He (12) ______ lions in the

zoo. He works there for about four hours and then he goes to his (13) ____ job. He

cycles there, but it only (14)____ a quarter of an hour. He (15) _____ beds in a bed

factory. He (16)_______ work at about eleven oclock. Bill (17)____: I like living

dangerously, (18)___ not all the time".

1 a) in b) at c) on Vocabulary:

2 a) in b) on c) at

3 a) goes b) gets c) leaves starts empezar

4 a) lives b) leaves c) lifes get up levantarse

5 a) our b) or c) hour get dressed vestirse

6 a) job b) jobs c) works then entonces

7 a) there b) them c) their straight derecho

8 a) what b) when c) where about cerca de

9 a) to b) in c) at cycle ir en bici

10 a) for b) from c) four take tomar, llevar

11 a) space b) place c) case toothpaste pasta dental

12 a) trains b) kills c) cooks factory fabrica

13 a) second b) other c) next tops tapas

14 a) makes b) takes c) make tubes tubos

15 a) proves b) tries c) tests stay permanecer

16 a) ends b) finishes c) lasts train entrenar

17 a) says b) speaks c) tells bed cama

18 a) because b) but c) or say decir




PERO CONTINUA PARA EL GRUPO 5010

20 IMPERATIVES This are not only orders, but advices and suggestions.

You use the verb without the pronoun YOU.

Affirmative Negative You must use auxiliar Dont

Go to the theatre. (go) Dont go to the cinema.

Investigate the theme. (investigate) Don t ____________ more.

___ careful in that city. (be) Dont ___ silly.

____ a salad instead. (eat) Dont ____ this hamburger.

_____ your books. (open) Dont _____ the window.

______ your time reading. (spend) Dont _______ all your money.

______ your fingers. (cross) Dont ______ the railways.

_____ a nice suit. (wear) Dont _____ that color. 12


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21 CAN / CANT This is a modal verb that means ability. AND IT IS AN AUXILIAR VERB.

Affirmative Formula: O + can + verb infinitive

I can play basketball.

You ____ study German.

He can go to the toilet. Verb can doesnt change in 3rd. PersonShe ____ dance tango.

It ____ fly higher.

We ____ finish our meals.

You ____ change your clothes.

They ____ watch T.V.

Negative Formula: O + can + not + verb infinitive

Use: can not, cannot or cant

I cant go with you.

He ______ listen to music without the ear device.

She ______ use the mobile, its too modern for her.

We ______ build the house near the river.

You ______ copy the exam.

They ______ travel without money.

Interrogative Formula: can + O + verb infinitive ?

Can I study in the evening? Yes, I can. No, I cant

____ He drive to the U.S.A.? Yes, He can. No, He ______

____ she make up in 10 minutes? Yes, she ___. No, she __________ it bark all the night? Yes, it ____. No, it ______.

____ you push the van far from here? Yes, you ___. No, you ______.

____ They clean all the yard? Yes, they ___ No, they ______

22 PRESENT SIMPLE Formula: O + Verb Present + complement

Affirmative: You + come + from Durango.

Affirmative: Margaret + visits + the beach on holliday.

Affirmative: His girlfriend + loves + him very much.

Use aux. do/does. Formula: O + Aux. Negative + Verb infinitive + compl.

Negative: John + doesnt + smoke + at night.Negative: Joe and Al + dont + argue + with Mum.

Negative: I + dont + swim + very well.

Formula: Auxiliar + O + Verb infinitive + complement ?

Interrogative: Do + we + sleep + deeply?

Interrogative: Does + it + rain + now?

Interrogative: Does + the baby + cry + with you?

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Present Simple is used to talk about 1) Permanent situations:

e.g. "Laura is a good nurse in this hospital"

2) To talk about facts:

e.g. "Trees are very important for the land"

3) To talk about routines and habits:

e.g. "My father runs every morning"

23 PRESENT CONTINUOUS Formula: O + Verb be Present + Verb -ING + complement

Affirmative: Karla + is + talking + to David.

Affirmative: Our parents + are + working + in Italy.

Affirmative: I + am + writing + a letter.

Make the contractions, "Karla ____ __________ to David.

if necesary. "Our parents ______ ________ in Italy.

"I___ __________ a letter.

Formula: O + V. be + not Present + Verb -ING + compl.

Negative: John + is + not + looking for + my present.Negative: You and Dana + are + not + paying + attention.

Negative: Today it + is + not + raining.

Make the contractions. "John ______ ________ ____ my present".

"You and Dana _______ _______ attention".

"Today it ______ ________".

Formula: Verb be Present + O + Verb -ING + Compl.

Interrogative: Are + the nurses + taking + coffee?

Interrogative: Is + his horse + running + faster ?Interrogative: Am + I + getting + in love?

Answer complete sentences: No, they _______ _______ ______.

Yes, ___ ___ ________ faster.

Yes, __ __ ________ ___ _____

.

24 MUST / MUSNT - This is another modal verb that means HAVE TO. AND IT IS AN

AUXILIAR VERB TOO.

Affirmative: Formula O + must + Verb infinitive + complement.

I must answer this questioraire.

You _____ arrive on time to the appointment.

He _____ observe the animals in the snow. Note: must doesnt change in 3rd. Person.

She _____ interview a famous actor.

It _____ get its own food.

We _____ receive the visitors from Great Britain.

They _____ obey thier mothers orders.

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Negative: Formula O + must + not (or mustnt) + Verb infinitive + complement.

You mustnt go to that cabaret.

He ________ follow the girls so closely.

She ________ give information to strangers.

We ________ draw on the walls of the room.

You ________ pay a service you dont receive.They ________ take their fathers car.

Interrogative: Formula Must + O + Verb infinitive + complement.

_____ you fill in the test?

_____ she answer the telephone to her boyfriend?

_____ it be domesticated?

_____ we risk in this dangerous trip?

_____ they climb those little trees?

25 WAS / WERE This are the conjugation for the VERB BE in the past tense.

Present PAST TENSE

Positive: Formula O + was/were + complement

I am I was late to the concert.

You are You were happy in your birthday.

He is He was at home this morning.

She is She was with the Maths teacher.

It is It was yesterday when you arrived.We are We were anxious to meet you.

You are You were in the Lab with me.

They are They were in love with my sister.

Negative: Formula O + was/were + NOT + complement

I was not or wasnt in the forest last week.

You were not or werent nervous for your parents visit.

He was not or wasnt twenty two last birthday.

She was not or wasnt a great doctor.

It was not or wasnt true what he said.We were not or werent nice to our neighbors.

You were not or werent at the University in the morning.

They were not or werent alone at quarter to three.

Interrogative: Formula Was/were + O + complement.

Was I at the sea the last hollidays? Yes, I was No, I wasnt

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Were you near the hospital with your sister? Yes, you were No, you werent

Was he sad when she left? Yes, he was No, he wasnt

Was she in the kitchen for breakfast? Yes, she was No, she wasnt

Was it cold in Alaska? Yes, it was No, it wasnt

Were we in the T.V. room when the film finished? Yes, we were No, we werent

Were you with my family at Christmas? Yes, you were No, you werent

Were they O.K. without their toys? Yes, they were No, they werent

26 Regular Verbs: The regular verbs are those that you add -ed at the end of

the verb when we talk in past tense. E.g.:

Present Past tense

answer answered The famous actor answered to the journalist.

kill kill___ He ________ the cow to feed his family.

play play___ The team ________ yesterday in Brazil.

drop* drop____ The water ________ all night long.

open open___ When my mother ______ the door, the dog entered.

happen happen___ Nobody knows what _________ in the accident.

crash crash___ The rock _______ into the window and broke it.

discover discover___ Marie Curie _________ the radium.

close close___ Last year this theatre _______ its doors.

disappear disappear___ The woman ____________ since 1998.

touch touched The little girl __________ the bright screen.

land land___ Last Sunday we saw how an eagle _______.

change change___ The world __________ long time ago.

die die___ He _______ because he panicked leaving.

* When the verb has "consonant-vowel-consonant", the last consonant doubles. When the verb finishes in "e" , we just add the "d".

27 ESTE SERA UN PEQUEO EJEMPLO DE LO QUE SERA EL EXAMEN (1a. Vuelta y

extraordinario)

Complete the paragraph with the suitable words A, B or C, and fill with the correct past

form of the verb -ed or was / were.

What happened to the dinosaurs?

Scientists are not sure why the dinosaurs ____________ (disappear). Some scientists

think (1) ____ the climate ________ (change) suddenly. Fossils of trees tell (2)___ that

the temperature ________ (drop) a lot and that the level (3)___ the sea ________ (drop)

also. This means that it ______ (was/were) suddenly much colder. Perhaps the

dinosaurs ______(was/were) too slow to change with the climate.

A new idea is that a meteor _______(crash) into (4)____ Earth. Scientists ___________

(discover) a place in Mexico (5)______ they think the meteor _________(crash). They

think that there ______(was/were) (6) _________ dust from the meteor. The dust

_______(land) on the plants. (7)_____ animals -including some dinosaurs - _____

16


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(was/were) plant-eaters, and perhaps the dust _______(kill) (8)_____. This means that

there _____(was/were) nothing for meat-eating dinosaurs to eat, and so they ______

(die). But, as many animals from that time didnt die, we are not 100% sure what really

_________(happen).

1 a) of b) that c) in Vocabulary:

2 a) we b) our c) us happen suceder3 a) of b) in c) for sure seguros

4 a) an b) the c) a climate clima

5 a) when b) what c) where suddenly de repente

6 a) a lot of b) much c) many drop caer

7 a) Much b) Many c) Too much change cambiar

8 a) they b) their c) them means querer decir

colder ms frio

perhaps quizs

slow lento

Earth Planeta Tierra

crash chocar

dust polvo

land aterrizar



Hi everybody: This is a complete guide of the themes we saw in classes about

grammar and sentences formation. I advise you to take a whole view from the

beginning (Groups 3010/20 and 5010) to reinforce the themes, complete thesentences with the words given in each theme and review the vocabulary from

the books (places, animals, jobs, adjectives, etc.).

Do not forget to read the books, since they help you very much to develop the

comprehension of whole paragraphs and special words.

I WISH YOU LUCK!!

Hola muchachos: Esta es una gua completa de los temas que hemos visto en clases

en relacin a la gramtica y formacin de oraciones. Mi consejo es que den un

vistazo a la gua desde el principio (Grupos 3010/20 y 5010) para reforzar los temas,

acompletar las oraciones con las palabras de las que se trate el tema y repasar el

vocabulario de sus libros (lugares, animales, oficios, adjetivos, etc.).

No olviden leer los libros, ya que les ayudarn mucho a desarrollar la compren-

sin de prrafos completos y de palabras en especial.

LES DESEO SUERTE!!

17


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Vocabulary Always complete the blanks!!VERBS NOUNS

1 Look at 1 word 1

Open letter

Read name

Answer am fine, thank you. blue

Listen are from Italy. marriedWrite is in the classroom. or "______ in the classroom" single

Close is Helen Samuels. or "___________ Helen Samuels".

Fill in is blue. or "____________".

Hear are students. or "We_______________".

Work are the new workers. or "___________________ workers".

Say are American. or "___________ American".

Spell country

Practise sentence

Understand bus stop

Introduce (Nota: am y not no se pueden unir)

Be (am, are, is) You _________ today

He is + not = __________ at the bus stop.

She is + not =

It is + not = It _______ cold today.

We are + not =

You are + not = You _________ married.

They are + not = _______________ from The U.S.A.

Verb "Be" Interrogative

Am + I

Are + you ________ a taxi driver? No, you _______

Is + he ______ the old teacher? Yes, ______

Is + she _______ a good cook? Yes, ______ No, _________

Is + it Yes, ______ No, _________

Are + we _______ good actresses? Yes, ______

Yes, _______ No, __________

________ engineers? Yes, ________

Are you Spanish citizen__?

Is he ___ negative boy? They arent any musician__.

She isnt ___ manager.

It is ___ nice dress.


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___ teacher is from Japan.

____ Mum is an architect.

The bird feeds ____ chicks.

My father doesnt like _____ friends.

______ magazines are in German.

______ is your name?

____ is your uncle?

_____ is your birthday?

______ do you live?

______ does he want, orange or apple?

____ old are they?

____ is she crying? (Se contesta con "because")

This

Whats the price of _____clock? It is 15.50

This girl likes that modern cell phone. Yes, I like it too.

______ photographs are very nice.

Is _____ hat your mothers?

I think ______vegetables taste good.

What are these? They are false teeth.

What is that? It is an alarm clock.

RECUERDEN que cuando usamos this y that usamos los verbos en 3a. Persona.

This is your new bag. That is my favourite color.


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COUNTRIES

I am from ______ / Im Mexican.

Youre from Brazil/ You are _________.

He is from Germany/ Hes ______.

Im from _________/ I am ___________.

Its from ___ ____/ It is American.

Youre from ______/ Youre Russian.

He is from ______/ Hes ________.

I am from Spain/ Im _______.

or Great Britain English or British

Were from ______/ We are _______.

It is from ______/ Its Polish.

Theyre from _____/ Theyre _______.

There __ a rat in the athic. There ___ some free tables in the room.

__ there an elephant in the forest?

___ there any taxis in the airport?

"estos/estas") y "THERE" ("ah" o para el conjunto de "there is/ are" "hay" de haber).

PLURALS

Se aade una S a la mayora de los nombres (nouns) Nota: no se pone (apstrofe)

SINGULAR PLURAL

a bag bags This ___ is clean, but those ____ are dirty.

a taxi taxis

a car cars There are some ____ in this parking lot.


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an umbrella umbrellas

a shoe shoes My _____ are red and black.

a village villages

a river rivers

a tree trees The _____ in this park are very tall.

a castle castles

a flower flowers There arent any _______ in my mothers garden.

Las palabras terminadas en "Y" se sustituye la misma con "i" y se agrega "es" :

a dairy dairies The teacher asks the students to write their _______.

a city cities

a country countries I want to visit some _________.

a sky skies

Excepcin: a boy boys

Las palabras que terminan en "o", "sh", "ch", "x" y "ss" se les agrega "es":

a bench benches

a church churches In Puebla there are many ________.

a watch watches

a dress dresses

a potato potatoes Daniela doesnt like ________.

an oxx oxxes

Las palabras que terminan con "f", se cambia la fpor "v" y se agrega "es":

a knife knives

a wife wives This man has got two _____.

a leaf leaves

a wolf wolves ______ have bad temper.

a life lives Youngsters doesnt know what to do with their _____.

Finalmente tenemos los nombres irregulares (irregular nouns) que son nombres que

cambian al convertirlos al plural:

a man men One ___ cant push a bus, but five ___ may do it.

a woman women

a child children These ________ are naughty most of the time.

a tooth teeth

a foot feet When you dance you must move both ____.

a person people

a sheep sheep

a fish fish Paul loves eating lots of ____.

NOTA: Ya no se agrega la "s" en estas palabras.


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"Every Summer I visit Europe and I meet lovely people, I visit very interesting cities

and buy many expensive presents for my old parents".

IMPORTANTE: Como en este ejemplo, a los adjetivos (subrayados) no se les agrega

"s" para que sean plurales, SOLAMENTE A LOS NOMBRES.

10 ADJECTIVES Los adjetivos se usan para describir y calificar el nombre (noun).

(personas, animales, cosas, lugares, etc.)

clean

old Is your old and ugly car very dangerous?

new The little baby has got a _____ doll.

nice Betty isnt a nice girl.

beautiful

awful Those men have got awfulcloths.

pretty My son likes ___________ women.

ugly Her blackdog is really ugly.

tall

short Does the police describe a shortman?

modern

sad Your grandfather looks so _____.

happy The young clown isnt always happy.

bright That star is very ___________.

dark

shy My littlenephew is very shy.

small this _______ tree will grow quickly.

colorful These fish are so colorful.

etc.

1. Put adjectives after (despues) the verb "BE". e.g. "The roomis dark".

2. Put adjectives before (antes) a noun. e.g. "I draw a talljiraffe".

3. Put very, really, so, etc. before (antes) adjectives. e.g. "Her glasses are very small"

4. Adjectives arent plural with plural nouns. e.g. "These blue kites are

for the kids".

11 Verbs in gerund after "LIKE", "LOVE" and "HATE"

Si usamos estos verbos con "cosas" (things) o "personas" (people), se utilizan en for-

ma simple e.g. "Mary likes pop music, Laura loves jazz but Louis hates classical music"

Pero despus de estos verbos, el siguiente verbo va en gerundio

You like drinking lots of beer.

Rose loves _________ t.v. every Friday night. (watch)

Michael hates eating onions and carrots.

The tennis player likes ___________ at night. (practice)

TOMAR NOTA: Entre like, love y hate y el siguiente verbo NO SE PONE NADA.


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12 OBJECT PRONOUNS BE CAREFULL!!

Pronouns OBJECT PRONOUNS

I me "Kate doesnt hate my person". She doesnt hate __.

You you "Jessy phones to your house". She phones ___.

He him "I pay the bill to the cashier". I pay it to him.she her "George loves his wife". Yes, he loves ___.

It it "Do the students hate reading?". Yes, they hate it.

We us "The teacher tells our class a story" He tells __ a story.

You you "They look at your team". They look at you.

They them "Do you like The Beatles?" No, I dont like ____.

DONT MISTAKE WITH THE "POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES" IN NUMBER 4.

13 PERSONAL POSSESSIONS S

Se usa el " s " (apstrofe s) para marcar posesin:

1o. La persona (pronombre) que posee algo o alguien + s + la posesin.

e.g. This is Caroline + s + walet. = This is Carolines walet.

1. I am Danielas daughter. Daniela has got a daughter.

2. That is John__ camera. John hasnt got any camera.

3. These are the students mobiles. The students havent got mobiles.

4. The boy__ hair is black. Has the boy got black hair?

5. His sister__ name is Daniella. Daniella has got a nice name.

6. The girl__ dresses are for school. Have the girls got dresses?

NOTA: Cuando el pronombre es plural y termina con s solo se pone el apstrofe

despus de esta s. e.g. turists , workers

1. Those are the turists passports.

2. We need the workers tools.

El uso del verbo have got / has got (tener) es mas usual que solamente have o has.

14 Auxiliar DO. Para formar preguntas necesitamos un auxiliar para los verbos comunes

(no verbos auxiliares). Formula: Aux. do/ does + O + V. Inf. + complement.

1. Do I dance with you? Yes, I do No, I dont

2. ___ you live with your parents? Yes, you __. No, you dont.

3. ____ James work in Volvo company? Yes, he ____. No, he _______.

4. Does she study near the hospital? Yes, she ____. No, she doesnt.

5. ____ the dear live in the forest? Yes, it does. No, it _______.

6. __ we work in the suburbs? Yes, we __. No, we _____.

7. __ you come to visit the doctor? Yes, you __. No, you _____.

8. __ the lawyers speak with the president? Yes, they __. No, they dont.


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Tambin podemos hacer preguntas con Question Words Wh- mas el auxiliar DO:

Formula: Wh- + Aux. do/does + O + -verb inf.

Where do you live? I live in Mexico City.

Who does Lidia work with? She works with her aunt.

How many things do they collect? They collect shells and bells.

14 ESTE ES UN PEQUEO EJEMPLO DE LO QUE SERA EL EXAMEN (1a. VUELTA

Y EXTRAORDINARIO).

Complete the paragraph with the suitable words A, B or C.

"A meat-eating plant"

"(1)____ Venus flytrap (2) _____ a very strange (3) __________. It grows (4) _____ dry

parts of (5)______ United States. (6)_____ leaves (7)__________ like the pages (8)_____

a book. They can open and close very quickly. Inside the leaves, (9)________ _______

three small (10)_________. If an insect touches (11)_____ of the hairs, the leaf

(12)__________ quickly. The insect cannot get out. (13)_____ about half an

(14)__________, the leaf presses the insect until it (15)______ dead. Then, the plant

(16)___________ the insect with a special liquid. Slowly, the plant (17)___________ the

insect".

1 a) A b) The c) One Vocabulary:

2 a) are b) was c) is meat-eating carnvora

3 a) plant b) plantes c) plants flytrap atrapa moscas

4 a) of b) in c) for grows crece

5 a) the b) this c) on insect insecto6 a) It b) its c) its dry seca

7 a) was b) are c) is very muy

8 a) of b) for c) in quickly rpidamente

9 a) they are b) these are c) there are inside dentro

10 a) hair b) hairs c) haires get out salir

11 a) on b) one c) ones half media (1/2)

12 a) closes b) closses c) close until hasta

13 a) At b) On c) In dead muerto

14 a) our b) hour c) hours liquid lquido

15 a) is b) are c) his slowly lentamente

16 a) cover b) coveres c) covers cover cubrir

17 a) ate b) eats c) its




PERO CONTINUA PARA 3010, 3020 Y 5010.


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15 PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE in, on, at, near, by, in front of, under, behind, next to,

IN - (en, dentro de) The fridge is in the kitchen.

Is your sister __ Spain?

My books arent __ my bag.

ON - (en, sobre) Jamess mobile phone is on the table.

Do you always leave the towel __ the bed?

I dont like the picture __ the wall.

AT - (en, un lugar fijo, Susan studies at the University.

no especfico) They arent __ home now.

I wait for you __ the corner.

NEAR - (cerca de) Does my parents wait near the restaurant?

Is the chimp _____ the pandas?

Karla isnt _____ the bathroom.

BY - (por, por ah) The cat passes by the foot lamp.

Are there many flowers __ the avenue?

Your chair isnt ___ your desk.

IN FRONT OF - (en frente de) The post office is in front ofthe supermarket.

The sofa isnt ___ ______ ___ the T.V.

Is the book ___ _____ ___ my suitcase?

UNDER - (abajo, debajo de) Are your shoes under the armchair?We must cover from the rain ______ the tree.

The rat hides _____ the tins.

BEHIND - (detrs de) The thief hides behind the bank.

You never clean __________ the forniture.

What is Louis searching _________ the bushes.

NEXT TO - (cerca de) We run next to the mountain.

Roger has dinner ______ ___ the swimming pool.

Is the pyramid _____ ___ our house.

Tambin tenemos preposiciones como: on the right of on the left of(a la derecha

de a la izquierda de):

The lake is on the right ofthe photo, but the trees are on the left ofthe photo.

The building is ___ _____ _______ ___ the postcard, but the castle is ___ ____

______ ___ the postcard.


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16 PREPOSITIONS OF TIME in, on, at and every

IN Seasons: spring, summer, autum/fall, winter

Months: January, March, July, September, October, etc.

the morning, the evening, the afternoon

Years: 1995, 2011, 1983, etc.

e.g. We use to travel to the south in winter.

Classes begin __August.

They never go out __ the evening.

America was discovered __ 1492.

ON Dates: January 25, 2006; August 14, 1995; etc.

Days of the week: Tuesday, Saturday, Wednesday, etc.

Moments of the day: Sunday morning/ night / evening, etc.

e.g. Mary was born on February 20, 1999.

Do we have German class ___ Friday?

The students dont go to school __ Monday evening.

AT Hours: 10 oclock, Quarter to two, Ten past four, etc.

Night

The weekend

e.g. What time is the party? At 9 oclock.

Is my date with the Doctor ___ half past five?

I dont like eating ___ night.

The Sanders family


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ADJECTIVES

fine

good

happy

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