APF Issue 36

REPORTING TO THE ASIA PACIFIC FIRE PROTECTION AND FIRE SERVICE INDUSTRYREPORTING TO THE ASIA PACIFIC FIRE PROTECTION AND FIRE SERVICE INDUSTRY

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE MAGAZINEASIA PACIFIC FIRE MAGAZINE

An MDM PUBLICATIONIssue 36 – December 2010

www.mdmpublishing.com



APF36 cover black 2 9/12/10 3:25 pm Page ofc1

AUSTRALIAGaam Emergency Products-AUPhone : 61394661244Fax : [email protected]

HONG KONGRotter International Ltd.Phone: 85227517770Fax: [email protected]

INDIAForemost Technico Pvt LtdPhone: +91 (11) 2619 6982Fax: +91 (11) 2616 [email protected]

INDONESIAPt Palmas EntracoPhone: +62 (21) 384 1681Fax: +62 (21) 380 [email protected]

JAPAN / TAIWANYone CorporationPhone: 81758211185Fax: [email protected]

MALAYSIASentrix Technology Sdn BhdPhone: +603 8023-5228Fax: +603 [email protected]

NEW ZEALANDTyco Safety ProductsPhone: 6445608127Fax: [email protected]

PHILIPPINESAlliance Industrial SalesPhone: 6328908818Fax: [email protected]

SINGAPORES.K. Fire Pte. Ltd.Phone: 6568623155Fax : [email protected]

SOUTH KOREAShilla Fire Co., Ltd.Phone: 820236659011Fax: [email protected]

THAILANDAnti-fire Co., Ltd.Phone: 66 2 259-6898Fax: 66 2 [email protected]

www.

tft.co

mFor excellent quality fire fighting equipment visit www.tft.com and call your local distributor for a demonstration. Display equipment, literature and digital data can be obtained by contacting your trained TFT distributor.

VIETNAMTan Duc Joint Stock CompanyPhone: 84-88990 678Fax: 84-88990 [email protected]

TASK FORCE TIPS, INC.

3701 Innovation Way, Valparaiso, IN 46383-9327 USAInternational +1.219.548.4000 •www.tft.com • [email protected]

With one heavy duty Stainless Steel ball valve to shutoff the nozzle you get a 100% reliable and low maintenance unit.

NFPA 1964Compliant

FMAPPROVED

Stainless Steel Fog TeethFog Teeth made from 316 stainless steel offer enhanced resistance to damage and increased corrosion resistance. Strong equipment designed to last a long time in harsh environments.

Top Quality Material110, 230, 360 & 470 l/min

Selectable NozzleFixed or Spinning Teeth

QuadraFogSelectableLiter Nozzle

110, 230, 360 & 470 l/min

QuadraCupSelectable Foam Nozzle

The TFT QuadraCup is a rugged and dependable selectable gallonage nozzle with a retractable foam aspiration sleeve. When the outer sleeve is in the retracted position, the nozzle operates the same as the TFT QuadraFog. Flow can be set to any one of four settings, or to a flush mode. The front end can be rotated from straight stream through wide fog patterns. Uniquely cut fixed metal fog teeth produce a wide range of fog patterns. Available in either tip-only configuration or with a stainless ball shutoff, the QuadraCup is also available with optional colored pistol grip and handle covers (NFPA 1901 (A.16.9.1).

38 mm Coupling

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 1

Front Cover Picture: Firefighters walknear an oil pipeline blast site in Dalian,Liaoning province early morning July 17,2010. REUTERS/China Daily

PublishersMark Seton & David Staddon

Group EditorGraham Collins

Editorial ContributorsJim Shannon, Ted Schaefer, Bogdan Z. Dlugogorski, Eric M. Kennedy,Alison Aprhys, Graham Collins, DavidGoodrich, Haukur Ingason, Scott Starr,Rick Love, Rolf Sterbak, Cody Harris

APF is published quarterly by:MDM Publishing Ltd The Abbey Manor Business Centre,The Abbey, Preston Road, Yeovil,Somerset BA20 2EN, United KingdomTel: +44 (0) 1935 426 428Fax: +44 (0) 1935 426 926 Email: [email protected]: www.mdmpublishing.com

©All rights reserved

Subscription RatesSterling – £50.00 AUS Dollars – $100.00US Dollars – $70.00 (Prices include Postage and Packing)ISSN – 1476-1386

DISCLAIMER:The views and opinions expressed in ASIA PACIFIC FIRE MAGAZINE are notnecessarily those of MDM Publishing Ltd.The magazine and publishers are in noway responsible or legally liable for anyerrors or anomalies made within theeditorial by our authors. All articles are protected by copyright and writtenpermission must be sought from thepublishers for reprinting or any form ofduplication of any of the magazinescontent. Any queries should be addressedin writing to the publishers.

Reprints of articles are available on request.Prices on application to the Publishers.

Page design by DorchesterTypesetting Group LtdPrinted in the UK







December 2010Issue 36

62-63

03 From the Editor

05 NFPA Foreword

06-12 News &

Product Profiles

15-20 Know Your

Foams

23-27 CFA Wildfire

Fire Fighter Training

29-30 Christchurch

Earthquake – A Lesson

in USAR

33-37 Fire

Suppression – Keep It

Clean

39-40 Bushfires –

A Vision of the Future

43-44 CBRN –

Protecting the

Protectors

47-50 Tunnel Fire

Safety – Assessing the

Risk

53-55 Protect What

Really Counts

57-59 The Growing

Role of Voice in Fire

Safety

60-61 Danger Made

Visible

62-63 White Water

Rescue – Getting the

Right Gear

64-71 Distributor &

Representative Office

Listing

72 Advertisers’ Index

47-50

43-44

39-40

23-27

15-20

57-59

53-55

Contents

P. 01 Contents 9/12/10 3:30 pm Page 1

20137 Milano - Via Ennio, 25 - ItalyTel.: + 39 02 5410 0818 - Fax + 39 02 5410 0764E-mail: [email protected] - Web: www.controllogic.it CONTROL LOGIC s.r.l.

20137 Milano - Via Ennio, 25 - ItalyTel.: + 39 02 5410 0818 - Fax + 39 02 5410 0764E-mail: [email protected] - Web: www.controllogic.it CONTROL LOGIC s.r.l.

CONTROL LOGICSparkdetector

designed fordust collectionsystemsto protectstorage silosfrom the riskof fi re.

Sparks fl yat high speed.

They travel at a hundred kilometresper hour along the ducts of the dustcollection system and reach the silo

in less than three seconds

The CONTROL LOGICSPARK DETECTOR

is faster thanthe sparks themselves.

It detects them with its highlysensitive infrared sensor,

intercepts and extinguishesthem in a fl ash.

It needs no periodic inspection.

The CONTROL LOGIC system is designed for “total supervision”.

It verifi es that sparks have been extinguished, gives prompt warning of

any malfunction and, if needed, cuts off the duct and stops the fan.

BETTER TO KNOW IT BEFOREEye is faster than nose.

In the event of live fi re the IR FLAME DETECTOR

responds immediately

CONTROL LOGICIR FLAME DETECTOR

the fastest and most effective fi re alarm devicefor industrial applications IR FLAME DETECTOR

RIV-601/FAEXPLOSIONPROOFENCLOSURE

For industrial applications indoorsor outdoors where is a risk of explosionand where the explosionproof protection is required.One detector can monitor a vast areaand responds immediately to the fi re, yet of small size.

IR FLAME DETECTORRIV-601/F

WATERTIGHTIP 65 ENCLOSURE

For industrial applications indoorsor outdoors where fi re can spread out rapidly due to the presence of

highly infl ammable materials,and where vast premises need an optical

detector with a great sensitivityand large fi eld of view.

Also forRS485 two-wire serial line

25SF-c275x185gb.indd 1 24-06-2005 12:50:37

Control Logic w/p 16/2/06 12:22 pm Page 1

FROM THE EDITOR

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 3

And the commission’s is not a lone voice. The US’s Director of National Intelligence publicly agreed with the report’s threat

assessment, saying “we (the intelligence commu-nity) assess biological as the more likely and it isbetter than an even chance in the next five yearsthat an attack by one of those weapons systemswill be conducted in some place on the globe…”

We can, of course, hope that the report andthose agreeing with its findings are wrong, butwe should prepare for the worst. This meansensuring that CBRN (chemical, biological, radio-logical and nuclear) first responders, and thoseworking in USAR (urban search and rescue) havethe finest training and the best available equip-ment. We should also strive to work together,not merely to eradicate this threat, but to ensurethat the sharing of experience, techniques andbest practice is not hindered by national bound-aries. After the event will be too late.

Significantly, in this edition of Asia Pacific Firewe have an article on protecting firefighters fromthe CBRN threat; another article is on howfirefighters in New Zealand’s USAR teams dealtso successfully with the aftermath of theChristchurch earthquake. We will undoubtedlybe returning to these subjects during 2011.

Also in this edition is an article on clean agentsthat, hopefully, sets the scene for an APF exclu-sive article that will appear in the next edition,written by John O’Sullivan, on the 2010 versionof the UNEP (United Nations EnvironmentProgramme) Technical Report on Fire Agents.John was involved in writing the report and was

the 2010 recipient of the NFPA’s Paul C. LambAward, the first time the honour has goneoutside North America. Also on the topic of firesuppression is an article on foams that providesclarity to the current confusion surroundingfirefighting foam technology. The article helps tobridge the information gap of the last eight yearsand overviews firefighting foam technology as itis today.

Also on the topic of fire suppression, we havetaken a close look at critical asset fire protection.This is particularly timely following the recentannouncement on the potential lack of availabilityof one of the leading gaseous agents and theimplications this has in terms of cost. The articleargues the case for providing dedicated firedetection and suppression to those assets andelements of a building that are critical to theorganisation’s ability to continue trading.

Finally, with the bushfire season comingaround again we have included two particularlyrelevant articles. The first is from Victoria CFAthat gives the expert’s view on bushfire firefightertraining. The second article takes a close look atan innovative bushfire smoke detection systemthat has been trialled in Victoria and has alreadybeen adopted successfully in several Europeancountries.

Our next edition of the magazine will, inaddition to John O’Sullivan clean agent article,cover a host of topics as varied as storage tankfire protection and gas detection, ARFF vehiclesand firefighter communication, hoses, nozzles,beacons and sounders. APF

By Graham Collins

Things To Come?Recently, the Commission for the Prevention of Weapons of Mass DestructionProliferation and Terrorism set up by the US government came to a chillingconclusion. In a report it stated: “Unless the world community acts decisivelyand with great urgency, it is more likely than not that a weapon of massdestruction will be used in a terrorist attack somewhere in the world by the endof 2013.”

P. 03 Editorial 9/12/10 3:32 pm Page 3

Up-To-Date? It’s Up to You! NFPA® membership is indispensable for more than 81,000 professionals worldwide. What about you? It’s an easy decision for anyone involved with protecting people and property, because NFPA keeps members on top of breakthroughs, research, and technology...and in control of their careers. Join now and SAVE 10% on NFPA codes, products, and seminars, while you stay up-to-date with:

NFPA Journal®, the award-winning bimonthly membership magazine loaded with articles, codes and standards information, investigations, case studies, and reports

A nswers to your code questions from NFPA’s experienced fire protection specialists

Online issues of NFPA News for codes and standards activities, and NFPA Update for training opportunities and events

FREE membership in any of 16 industry-specific sections including Fire Service; Building Fire Safety Systems; Health Care; Electrical; and Architects, Engineers, and Building Officials

The latest NFPA Journal Buyers’ Guide—your bonus gift valued at $40

Gain a decided advantage on the job. Join NFPA today! Become part of the world’s largest organization for fire, electrical, and building safety professionals and stay up-to-date for only $150 annual dues—satisfaction guaranteed.

To join call 1-617-770-3000, or visit nfpacatalog.org.MEMBERSHIP

NFPA Whole page 3/12/07 9:14 AM Page 1

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 5

By Jim Shannon

NFPA President & CEOFor decades we have worked successfully to

achieve greater acceptance of NFPA codesand standards around the world. One

example is the adoption and use of the NationalElectrical Code throughout Latin America. Thegrowth of NFPA Chapters in the region hasgreatly improved our effectiveness by bringingtogether highly trained users and advocates ofNFPA codes and standards to support our codeadoption efforts.

In Colombia, one of our earliest internationalalliances was established with OPCI (Ibero-American Organization of Fire Protection). Itsfounder, Jaime Moncada, became a member ofthe NFPA Board of Directors and provided insightand guidance as we expanded our internationalactivities. We have similar relations with IRAM,

the national standards body of Argentina, andother organisations in Latin America.

In Lisbon, the NFPA-APSEI Fire & Security 2010event included lively discussions and training onthe most challenging issues in fire and life safety,and NFPA codes and standards topics were acritical component.

In the People’s Republic of China, our full-timerepresentative, Liu Yuanjing, has spearheadedour work to bring about more use of NFPA codesand standards. We have worked closely with theChina Fire Protection Association and the nation’sfire service, which has a strong interest in usingNFPA standards. At the request of Ministry ofPublic Security, we have given permission for thetranslation of NFPA Codes and Standards intoMandarin, and a number of our documents are

translated and in use there, including NFPA 10,Life Safety Code; NFPA 7, National Fire Alarmand Signalling Code; and NFPA 13, Installation ofSprinkler Systems. We also have a close partner-ship with the Korean Fire Protection Association.

Our education and advocacy campaigns havealso brought about exciting opportunities forinternational cooperation. From the beginning ofour successful fire-safe cigarette campaign, wecollaborated closely with international allies.Canada was a leader in gaining nationaladoption, and Australia had already beenpushing this technology by the time we launchedour campaign. We are sharing the lessonslearned from our fire-safe cigarette success withour colleagues in Europe, and we expect this tobecome a European requirement within the next

couple of years. I also met with top fire officialsin China about fire-safe cigarettes on my recentvisit. There are opportunities to introduce safetyimprovements there on a large scale, and whilewe will continue to push for the use of NFPACodes and Standards, we will also encourage thegovernment to embrace other life-savingmeasures.

We are building similar alliances in support ofresidential sprinklers. I have spoken to public-interest sprinkler supporters in London, and atmeetings with residential sprinkler advocatesthroughout the U.K.

NFPA is proud of its long history in reducingthe burden of fire and other hazards. All of thiswork is helping us further that mission across theworld. APF

Foreword NFPA and the worldOver the past month, I travelled to China and Portugal. Both visits wereimportant illustrations of NFPA’s increasing reach. Because of the transformationof global communications, we have seen the awareness of NFPA, our codes,standards, education programs, and now advocacy campaigns grow rapidly allover the world, and we are adjusting our international strategy to takeadvantage of these new opportunities to advance our mission.

NFPA FOREWORD

Our education and advocacy campaigns have also

brought about exciting opportunities for international

cooperation. From the beginning of

our successful fire-safe cigarette campaign, we

collaborated closely with international allies.

P. 05 NFPA Foreword 9/12/10 3:32 pm Page 5

Business continuity at India’s Delhi Airport’snew Terminal 3 has been given a boostwith the installation of a VESDA byXTRALIS aspirating smoke detection (ASD)system to provide early fire detectionwithin the baggage handling, retail andcheck-in areas.

The new terminal has the capacity tohandle 34 million passengers a year, witheight levels 28 meters above the groundspread over four square kilometres. Itboasts more than 90 automated walkwaysand 78 aerobridges, and is rated as theeighth largest airport in the world and thelargest public building constructed in Indiasince Independence in 1947.

The reasons given for selecting theVesda system included its ability to protectlarge, open spaces where smoke will bediluted; an effect that can be exacerbatedby air-conditioning systems. Vesdacontinuously samples air to detect eventhe smallest smoke particles, so preventinga small fire from developing into a majorincident. It buys time to investigate analarm and initiate an appropriate response to prevent injury, property

damage or business disruption. Due to the high sensitive of the Vesda

detectors and their pipe networks, whichhave multiple sampling points, they can beplaced where smoke is most likely to travel

and are particularly adept at detectingdiluted smoke.

For more information go towww.xtralis.com/delhiairport

6 ASIA PACIFIC FIRE

NEWS

Cleared for Take-off

More than 1300 APOLLOanalogue addressable firedetection devices,including products fromthe company’s XP95 andDiscovery ranges, havebeen installed as part of amajor refurbishment andredevelopment of theWellington RegionalHospital in New Zealand.The hospital is country’smain tertiary hospital,providing specialist andacute services includingcardiac surgery, cancercare and neurosurgery. Itis also the region’sprimary emergency and only trauma service.

All of the Apollo detectors used at Wellington Hospital are equipped with a purelymechanical device called an XPert card, which differs from many addressing systems bystoring the address in the detector base and not the detector itself. The card uses aseries of pips to operate switches in the detector head when it is fitted. This, saysApollo, has the advantage of ensuring that the address stays assigned to one locationand does not need reprogramming in the event of maintenance or detectorreplacement.

The Apollo devices at the Wellington Hospital are controlled by nine AmpacFirefinder control panels, which are supported by Ampac’s own graphics package toallow networking into the various buildings on the site.

For more information go to www.apollo-fire.co.uk

Wellington Hospital,New Zealand Detection

Study ConfirmsPipe and FittingEnvironmentalPerformanceAn ISO-compliant, peer-reviewed life cycleassessment (LCA), conducted byEnvironmental Resources ManagementLimited, comparing the environmentalimpact of BLAZEMASTER fire sprinkler pipeand fittings with steel pipe and fittingsshowed that BlazeMaster is the moresustainable choice.

The detailed study covered a number of environmental impacts including: metal depletion; fossil depletion; terrestrial acidification; freshwatereutrophication; climate change; ozone depletion; human toxicity;freshwater ecotoxicity; photochemicaloxidation; terrestrial ecotoxicit; waterdepletion and energy consumption (both non-renewable and renewableenergy use). BlazeMaster’s score exceeded – in some cases, dramatically –steel in 12 of the 13 categories in what has been described as a “cradle-to-grave”study.

For more information go towww.blazemaster.com

P. 06-10 News 9/12/10 3:33 pm Page 6

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 7

NEWS

Hand-HeldPortableBoostsSafety

A hand-held portable radio incorporating anew Lifeguard feature – also known asman-down – that can be activated withone key press has been unveiled byCASSIDIAN. When a user activatesLifeguard, the radio automatically sends amessage to a predetermined number. Ifthe radio stops moving or remainshorizontal for too long, it triggers a localman-down alert. If the user does notrespond, the radio automatically activatesan emergency call and sends itscoordinates to a predefined destinationover the Tetra network.

IP65 protection gives the new THR9ihand-held resistance to dust and water,while its metallic chassis and the new frontcover design protect it against shocks. Thelarge QVGA (Quarter Video Graphics Array)displays information clearly, enabling it tocapture mission critical data at a glance.Key features of the radio include clearsound and an excellent audibility for voicecalls, even in noisy environments. A GPS-based “where are you” feature shows onthe radio display during a call, and it ispossible to save these locations aswaypoints for later use.

The THR9i can receive and hostapplications that can be customised to meetspecific needs, and a terminal managementtool allows several radios to be updated andre-configured simultaneously. It comes witha wide range of audio accessories, a car kitwith an automatic connection to an externalantenna, and two battery options.

For more information go towww.cassidian.com

VICTAULIC has launched its AquaFlexstainless-steel sprinkler fitting range inIndia, with claims that it offers fast anddependable installation, durableperformance and cost effectiveness formaintenance and retrofit application. Thecompany also asserts that the rangerequires fewer man hours to install,lowers shipping costs, and is easier to

position than rigid piping. AquaFlex is aimed at commercial

suspended and hard ceilings and forround or square duct work to provide fireprotection where combustible gasses maybe present. The fittings are available intwo different types – an FM (FactoryMutual) approved braided system and anunbraided system (cULus 2443 Listed),with system availability depending onregion and on application.

The range comes preassembled andcomprises a flexible stainless-steel hoseavailable in 790mm to 1830mm lengths,a reducer for connecting the sprinkler,and a branch nipple for attachment tothe piping system.

An installation-ready bracket is alsoincluded when ordered as a kit. The newoffering also includes a patent-pending,installation-ready bracket that is said toinstall up to five times faster than anycompetitive bracket technology. The newbracket enables three positioning of thesprinkler and secures mounting to theceiling grid without tools, allowinginstant, centre-of-tile sprinklerpositioning. A number of optionalaccessories are also available.

For more information go towww.victaulic.com/aquaflex

AquaFlex SprinklerFittings Range Launched

Blowing In The WindA new fan weighing just 20 kg has been introduced byRAMFAN. The LG200 PPVTurbo Blower is cited asgenerating 20,000 m2/hr with56 percent less carbonmonoxide than comparablegas-powered ventilation fans.It is designed to be carriedone-handed anywhere on thefireground, even to upperfloors in high-rise buildings

The LG200’s performanceis the result of an ultra-compact, two-hp Hondaengine that features 50percent greater air intake andRamfan’s PowerShroud™technology; a combination of fan andstationary blades that turnspinning airflow into astraight, tightly-focused blastof air.

For more information go towww.euramcosafety.com

P. 06-10 News 9/12/10 3:33 pm Page 7

8 ASIA PACIFIC FIRE

NEWS

OSHKOSH Airport Products Group hasdelivered 24 Oshkosh Striker ARFF(Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting) vehiclesto the Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority(PCAA). At a formal signing andacceptance ceremony in Karachi, Pakistan,it was also announced that 19 moreStriker vehicles have been ordered by thePCAA for delivery in 2011.

The Strikers will be stationed at civilairports throughout Pakistan, the largestof which is Jinnah International Airport inKarachi that handles six million passengersa year. The contract terms include on-siteoperational and maintenance training,auxiliary equipment and spare parts.

For more information go towww.oshkoshairport.com

ARFF Vehicles Boost Airport’sSafety

VIMPEX has launched the Signalinerange of linear heat detection systems;heat sensing cables that areconventional heat detectors in a linearform, providing early detection of fireconditions or overheating of equipment,plant or the surrounding area.

The cables sense heat anywherealong their length and are designed tobe used in commercial and industrialapplications, such as cable trays, plantrooms, car parks, conveyors, tunnelsand marine engine rooms. They arevery cost effective, easy to install andare maintenance free. They can also beused in intrinsically safe areas and dustyor harsh environments down to minus40°C. Two types of Signaline linearheat detection cable are available; fixedtemperature Signaline FT, and analogueSignaline HD.

Signaline FT is available in threedifferent alarm temperatures, 68°C,88°C and 105°C. All are UL Listed andFM approved and have two outer coveroptions. A high temperature cable of178°C is also available to provide a fullrange of fixed temperature heatsensing cables. They can be used as astandalone system or connected to anyconventional control panel covering upto 3 kilometres in a single zone. Anoptional alarm point distance locating(APDL) device can be installed between

a fire alarm control panel oraddressable module and a single lengthof Signaline FT heat sensing cable todisplay the distance to the alarm point.

Signaline HD is an analogue heatsensing cable that monitors significantincreases in temperature and providesan early warning of fire. The cable isfully resettable and is VdS approved toEN 54-5:2001 and EN 54-17:2001. The Signaline HD cable works inconjunction with a controller and endof line unit, which enables the cable tobe fully monitored for open and shortcircuits. The controllers are equippedwith volt-free fire and fault relays thatare connected to the fire alarm controlpanel via a simple interface unit.Alternatively the controller can be usedas a standalone device using the relaycontacts to activate subsidiaryequipment.

For more information go towww.vimpex.co.uk

New LinearHeatDetection

New ManualMonitor UnveiledA new manual monitor has been added to theAKRON BRASS offering of manual and electric watercannons. Described by the company as compact, highperforming and cost effective, the Style 3430 monitoris rated for flows up to 3800 litres-a-minute and offerscontinuous 360 degree rotation.

The new monitor has a rugged, lightweight design– it weighs just seven kilograms – and features a “T”dual-handle tiller bar design for maximum control and precise positioning with an elevation range of+90° to –45°, has a built-in pressure gauge, requiresminimum mounting space, and is said to be ideal for all your master stream firefighting needs. Itincorporates cast-in turning vanes and an integratedstream shaper for maximum reach and streamperformance.

For more information go to www.akronbrass.com

P. 06-10 News 9/12/10 3:33 pm Page 8

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 9

PROFILE

Pelican advanced arealighting systems and torches

Pelican advanced lighting solu-tions are preferred by profes-sionals who work in extreme

conditions across the globe. FromNVG-compatible and IR lights,intrinsically safe torches, headlampsand rescue lights, to rugged Xenonand LED submersible work lights,Pelican’s extensive array ofadvanced lighting tools (almost 60models) has a lighting solution forevery incident.

Pelican remote area lightingsystems (RALS) RALS are fully portable, powerful, rechargeable,energy-efficient and environmentally responsiblefloodlighting solutions – accessible for placeswhere vehicles and fuel-powered generators arenot.

The 9440 RALS featuresten next-generation LEDs

and a beam spread of 120degrees that effectively lightsa large area. Additionally, itoffers two brightness settingsthat shine 2,400 lumens forthree hours in high-settingand 1,200 for six hours inlow. The light is powered by the latest, maintenance-free, nickel metal hydriderechargeable battery. As aresult, it runs silent and hasno power cord, which elimi-nates trip-hazards and emits

no toxic fumes like bulkyinefficient fuel-powered

lights.Setting up in seconds,

and weighing in at a mere seven kilograms, the9440 RALS is built with a streamlined, self-deploying tripod for easy site placement and anylon shoulder strap for simple transport. The9440 RALS also features a telescoping lighttower that extends more than two metres and alight array that articulates 90 degrees.

Pelican casesBuilt with engineering-grade polymers, PelicanCases are the toughest on the market and offerover 50 models that can protect sensitive

equipment of all sizes. Standard features includelids equipped with polymer o-rings for a dust/water-resistant seal and two dual-action latchesthat have been tested to withstand nearly 180kilograms of pressure (but open with a light pull),lockable, dustproof, crushproof, and with inte-grated automatic pressure equalization valvesthat keep moisture out and prevent vacuum lock,ensuring cases are easier to open at any altitude.Genuine Pelican Cases are fully stackable foroptimal space efficiency and can always bespotted by their distinctive, trademarked “DualBand” design.

Pelican ISP casesShifting loads and loose cargo are not a problemfor Pelican-Hardigg inter-stacking pattern (ISP)cases. Designed to stay secure in transit, ISP casesare engineered with patent-pending “wavedesign” stacking ribs (on their lids) and mouldedin-discs (on their bottoms) that work in tandemto lock the cases together in a stack. Theintegrated wave design also allows for easycross-stacking across all six models in the groupand enhances their rotationally moulded polymerconstruction’s load bearing properties.

Pelican storm casesEngineered for extreme, military and industrialapplications, Pelican Storm Cases are built fromPelican’s patented HPX high-performance resinthat makes them lightweight, and virtuallyindestructible. With 23 models to choose from,all Pelican Storm Cases feature the company’sunique, durable press-and-pull latches, whichopen smoothly – yet hold fast when the case istaking a beating. APF

Protective Casesand Lighting PELICAN PRODUCTS is the global leader in the design and manufacture ofadvanced lighting systems and virtually indestructible cases. Following theacquisition of Hardigg Industries, the largest manufacturer of rotationallymoulded shipping containers, the company now offers the world’s most diversegroup of protective case and lighting solutions for harsh environments.

For more information go towww.pelicanaustralia.com

P. 09 Pelican Profile 9/12/10 3:35 pm Page 9

A conventional auto-aligning beam detectorwith laser alignment hasbeen added to APOLLO FireDetectors’ range of firedetection products.Specifically designed todetect smoke in large, openareas such as warehouses,hangars, theatres, churchesand sports centres, it has arange of eight metres to100 metres.

During installation, avisible laser is used for initialalignment of the beam. Anautomatic, motorised auto-alignment featurethen ensures that the beamremains on target,counteracting the effects ofbuilding movement.Automatic optimisation

technology also compensatesfor dust build-up on the lens,ensuring false alarms areavoided and the systemcontinues to work effectivelyover time. Up to four detectorscan operate from one singlelow-level controller, minimisinginstallation costs and allowingfull control of the detectorheads without the need forexpensive lifting gear.

The product has worldwideapprovals including EN54:12and can be loop-powered usinga switch monitor or mini switchmonitor, enabling it to be addedon as an extension to existingApollo analogue addressablesystems.

For more information go towww.apollo-fire.co.uk

10 ASIA PACIFIC FIRE

NEWS

Beam Detector Is Auto-Aligned

New Wireless FireAlarm and DetectionSystem UnveiledA new wireless fire alarm and detectionsystem has been unveiled by COOPERFIRE that will be available globally inearly 2011. The newCW9000 uses a newsecure wirelesssystem, providing a complete firedetection without theneed for a cabledconnection betweenthe field devices and the control panel.

According to Cooper, wireless technology offers uniqueadvantages when compared with the installation of wireddetection and alarm systems, including fast and simpleinstallation, reduced cost, and reduced disruption and greater flexibility.

Based around established components, the panel,detectors, sounders, beacons and call points give theCW9000 range a highly reliable foundation into which thewireless technology has been integrated to provide a full-feature analogue addressable fire detection and alarmsystem. The system includes what is claimed to be themarket’s first wireless detector with an integrated sounderand beacon, reducing the need for multiple devices. Thesystem also boasts the longest signal range in the marketmeasuring up to two kilometres in free air, limiting theamount of booster devices required.

It is designed to conform fully with all aspects of theEuropean standard EN54-25 (Fire detection and fire alarmsystems).

For more information go to www.cooperfire.com

CON-SPACE USARCamera OffersGreater VersatilityA new victim location camera has been launched by CON-SPACECOMMUNICATIONS. The new SearchCam 3000 is claimed to be a newconcept in a urban search and rescue cameras; one that can be also beused for vehicle extrication, in shafts, underwater or for fireinvestigation.

The camera is powered by lithium ion battery sticks, which areinterchangeable with the Delsar LifeDetector batteries. The VideoDisplay Unit (VDU) is attached to a power module via a mechanicalquick-disconnect and the coiled cable allows for the VDU to be heldup to two meters away from the power module. The 240 degreearticulating camera has built-in audio and provides rescuers with theability to see and communicate with trapped victims. A clutch-equipped gear box protects the motor and the gears from damageduring use.

The quick disconnect feature provides rescuers with imagingflexibility; a full-resolution colour camera with LED lighting, or black-and-white imaging with infrared lighting. The camera can be loweredinto dusty, harsh and wet void spaces, providing teams with a clearwell-lit view of the search area. With the environmental sleeveinstalled, the camera head can be submersed in water up to 23 metersdeep, and interchangeable tube sets allow the extension of the camerato reach between 338cm and 566cm. Files from the SearchCam canbe uploaded to a computer for playback, archive and search reviewpurposes.

For more information go to www.con-space.com

P. 06-10 News 9/12/10 3:33 pm Page 10

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 11

PROFILE

With regard to attacks with CBRN weapons,there is also a substantial change of para-digm. Large scale employment of CBRN

weapons in classical military operations has becomeunlikely. However, their use by rogue states inregional conflicts may happen. So, an emergingchallenge for the military and population is theoffensive use of CBRN weapons by terrorists, aimedat achieving casualties and psychological impact.

Traditional CB agents, non-traditional agents,toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) and dirty bombs areall in the range of possibilities; even the use ofnuclear devices cannot be ruled out. Like impro-vised explosive devices, chemical, biological andtoxic agents can be deployed in unlikely places atunexpected times.

At the same time as this change in the CBRNthreat, occupational safety and health expectationshave been heightened, resulting in reducedacceptance of casualties.

ConsequencesIndividual protective equipment has to address abroader range of challenges, including non-traditional agents and toxic industrial chemicals. Forskin protection, a reduction of physiological burden,enhanced robustness and durability, and increasedliquid and aerosol protection are essential. Areasonable trade-off between protection andphysiology has to be achieved, while for respiratoryequipment, a further reduction of the breathingresistance and improvements in protection andergonomics are necessary.

As CBRN attacks can take place withoutwarning, protective garments have to be worn as apreventive measure; the anticipated wear time willbe longer, whereas the period of exposure will beshorter. The consequence is that, alongside CBRNprotection, greater functionality has to beintegrated into the soldier’s clothing system, such asballistic protection, electronics, optronics, powersupply and sensors. The general demand for life-cycle cost reduction will also have an impact onpersonal protection equipment.

Skin protectionThis will require:● Methods to quantify specific requirements, such as

protection against TICs, aerosols and heat stress.● Light, robust and flexible textiles for protective

garments, with enhanced mechanical durability,protection against liquid agents, aerosols, TICs,flames, vectors and electrostatic effects by usingnew technologies such as nanotechnology.

● Light and flexible materials for protection againstgross liquid contamination and radioactiveparticles.

● Reactive and catalytic systems for extendedlifetime and safe disposal.

● Innovative adsorbers with higher specificcapacity and/or broadband efficiency such asmetal organic frameworks (MOFs).

● Efficient body cooling technologies and healthmonitoring systems for use in contaminatedenvironments.

● Design improvements for enhanced protectionand ergonomics and reduced physiologicalburden.

● Integration of the CBRN protection into theclothing system for maximum manoeuvrability,as well as compatibility with all components ofpersonal equipment and protection against lowtemperatures and rain or wetness.

● Sensors for monitoring the remaining protectivecapacity of protective garments.

● Replacement of impermeable hand and footprotection by adsorbent components.

Respiratory protectionThis will require:● Considerable reduction of breathing resistance.● Innovative impregnations for enhanced protec-

tion, lighter weight and less bulk.● Ergonomic improvements, such as integration of

respiratory protection into helmets and positive-pressure air supply systems.

● Sensors for monitoring the residual lifetime offilter canisters.

Safeguarding the futureThe future cannot be predicted, the risks cannot be defined nor can how these risks can becountered or diminished. Deterrence and pre-vention are the first and preferred lines of defence, backed by a credible capability across thespectrum of operations and forces, including theability to protect the soldiers and to operate in aCBRN environment. APF

The CBRN Threat Assessment, consequences and therequirements for personal protectionSince the end of the Cold War a new global security situation has emerged. Thedangerous but stable balance of power has developed into a complex andshifting pattern of instability on a regional and potentially global scale.

For more information go towww.bluecher.com

P. 11 Bluecher Profile 9/12/10 3:36 pm Page 11


PROFILE

In addition to the new engine, the B1 SERIES includes an advanced,uniquely textured full-wrap handle

that produces extreme anti-slipcharacteristics to provide dependablecutting performance, in any position.A new self-adjusting blade guardprovides the operator withcomplete protection fromthe blade and any throwndebris during cutting, or itcan be locked in place for aprecise, controlled depth ofcut.

Additional features Include:● Digital electronic Ignition. ● Compression relief valve. ● Big Grip starter handle to ensure easy starts.● A reversible cutting arm that provides improved

access in limited space.● The handles and fuel tank are isolated from the

engine, reducing vibration and keeping fuelfrom overheating, eliminating vapour lock.

● The handles are fitted with six anti-vibrationpoints to reduce vibration and maintain solidhandling for precision cuts.

Cutters Edge Black Lightning and BlackStar diamond bladesCutters Edge high performance diamond cuttingblades are specifically engineered for cutting anymaterial found at: fires, rescues, building collapses,natural disasters, terrorist attacks and car, bus,train and plane accidents.

30% more diamond cutting surface exposedAn advanced vacuum braising process permanentlyfuses the cutting diamonds to the substrate ofboth blades revealing 30 percent more cuttingsurface for longer blade life and faster cutting.

The CE807R B1 Series comes standard with theBlack Lightning Diamond Blade, the fastest cuttingdiamond blade available. This unique, in-linecooling port design enables high speed cuttingand enhanced blade life – 100 times or morelonger than standard rotary saw blades. The BlackStar Diamond Blade is designed specifically forlonger cutting life, up to 200 times or more longerthan standard rotary saw blades.

Both cutting blades offer bi-directional cutting

capability, cutting safely in either rotationaldirection for longer blade life and maximum per-formance. Unlike other blades with angled gullets,The Black Lightning and Black Star’s perpendiculargullet design enables cutting in both directions forlonger blade life, enhanced safety and fastercutting.

Both diamond blades also fit all competitors’rotary saws and are available in 30.5cm, 36.6cmand 40.6cm sizes. The Black Lightning is alsoavailable in an 11.4cm size to fit angle grinders.

The MULTI-CUT CE807R B1 Series is alsoavailable in a field kitThe 11-piece field kit includes the CE807 R B1 sawwith a 36.6cm Black Lightning blade and a waterkit attachment.

In addition, the Kit also includes:● 36.6cm Black Star Diamond blade (spare).● 4.75 litre Fuel container.● 236.5ml two-cycle synthetic oil mix – enough

to make 30.28 litres of fuel mix.● 1 – 1.9cm by 22.9m MYTI-FLO woven water

hose.● 1 – spare spark plug. ● 1 – spare drive belt.● 1 – spare foam air filter.● K&N filter recharger kit.● Scrench tool and Allen wrench.

All of the above is securely stored in a ruggedlightweight, rustproof Diamond Plate aluminiumcase with advanced engineered hold-downs tosecure the saw and accessories from movementduring even the most extreme transportationsituations. APF

New RotaryRescue SawThe New CUTTERS EDGE Multi-cut CE807R B1 Series Rotary Rescue Saw offersa powerful new 80.7cc engine and a four-stage filtration system to assureoutstanding performance in any cutting situation. According to ThomasRuzich, Cutters Edge president: “The 807 really is a new generation rotary sawengineered with a specific gear reduction ratio to turn our vacuum-braiseddiamond blades at the optimum speed to cut anything you’ll face in any rescuesituation.”

For more information go towww.cuttersedge.com

P. 12 Cutters Edge 9/12/10 3:37 pm Page 12

Tele: +1-(541) 524-9999 • Email: [email protected] • www.cuttersedge.com

Fully Equipped Sawing Kits are Available for All Three Models

Cutters Edge Rescue Saws are designed and built to deliver 100% reliable, high performance cutting in the most demanding and extreme conditions encountered by Fire and Rescue Professionals.

First Choice Of First Responders.First Choice Of First Responders.

SIZE MATTERS! New 2186 MULTI-CUTTM Rescue SawWith more power than any other Fire Rescue chainsaw available and up to a 61cm bar and the D-10 Guard/Depth Gauge for safety, speed and ease of use. Equipped with the BULLET® Chain that cuts safer, faster and longer than any other carbide chain made.

Gas Powered Concrete Rescue SawCuts reinforced concrete up to 41 cm thick in minutes with the GCP SealPro® Diamond Chain and powerful 101cc engine. It’s fully portable, operates in any position and just one water hose needed for dust-free cutting in rescue situations.

Rotary Rescue Saw The CE807R Rotary Rescue Saw has a new, more powerful 80.7cc engine and a non-slip rubber Full-Wrap Handle for all position cutting. A new 4-Stage Air Filtration System, incorporating a High Performance K&N Filter as its third stage assures outstanding performance in all cutting conditions. Fully-equipped Sawing Kit is available plus Black Lightning and Black Star Diamond Cutting Blades.

The New Generation Rotary Saw is Here!

“The independent alternative”

Foam Concentrates and Foam Systems

Dafo Fomtec AB P.O Box 683 SE-135 26 Tyresö SwedenPhone: +46 8 506 405 66 Fax: +46 8 506 405 29

E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.fomtec.com

FOAMS


Over the past Century fire-fighting foamshave evolved into several forms for Class Bflammable liquids and Class A combustible

solids applications that are still in use today. Thereare more than ten foam categories listed in Table 1(see p16). They listed in the approximate chrono-logical order of their acceptance into the fire pro-tection market. The following table shows thefoam category, use and typical applicationequipment.

Before the 1960s, protein foam was the primaryfire-fighting foam in use on flammable liquids.High expansion foam was used to fill up ware-houses and has developed as a specialty fire-fight-ing technique for LNG and LPG hazards. Mediumexpansion foam also came into use and gainedpopularity for basement fires in Europe. Table 2(see p16) shows a summary of fire-fighting foamtechnology and its chemistry.

Aqueous film forming foams have, since themid 1960s, been used as one of the primary fire-fighting foam technologies for extinguishing flam-mable liquid fires. AFFF was the result of a jointresearch initiative between the US Naval ResearchLaboratories and an industrial partner. What was innovative about AFFF technology was its use

of fluorosurfactants, which gave the foam thecharacteristics of rapid movement on fuels, foamfluidity, self healing, and unrivalled fire mitigationperformance. The subsequent formulations ofAFFF contained mixtures of fluoro and hydro-carbon surfactants. The fluorosurfactants hadcharacteristics of high temperature resistance,chemical inertness, and created a low surfacetension at an air – solution interface. The hydro-carbon surfactants assisted with the generation ofthe foam structure.

Fluorinated surfactants have become one of thecritical components of high performance film-forming fire-fighting foams, applied against firesof liquid fuels (Class B combustible). For thisreason, all foams used on liquid-fuel fires came tobe denoted as Class B foams, as opposed to ClassA foams that are routinely employed for fightingfires of carbonaceous materials (Class A com-bustibles). This article will primarily focus on ClassB foams.

A typical AFFF formulation contains a numberof components including water, diethylene glycolmono butyl ether, alkyl sulphate surfactants (such as sodium octyl sulphate, sodium decylsulphate, or sodium decyl ethoxy sulphate),

By Ted H. Schaefer,1,2

Bogdan Z.Dlugogorski2 andEric M. Kennedy2

1Solberg Asia Pacific PtyLtd3 Charles St., St Marys,NSW 2760, AustraliaFax: (02) 9673 5303Email:[email protected] Safety andEnvironment ProtectionResearch Group, Schoolof Engineering,The University ofNewcastle,Callaghan, NSW 2308,Australia

Know Your FoamsWith the current confusion surrounding firefighting foam technology, it is timeto review what we know, and what is new; to bridge the information gap of thepast eight years and understand where we are in 2010.

P. 15-20 Foams 9/12/10 3:38 pm Page 15

fluorosurfactants, and other additives. Some of theother additives can assist foam stability, pH controland corrosion protection. Table 3 (see p17) lists anexample of an AFFF fire fighting foam formulationas found in literature.

Alkyl sulphate surfactants, sometimes calledhydrocarbon surfactants, play a major role in anAFFF formulation and help generate stable foam.The diethylene glycol mono butyl ether and theurea also extend the life of the foam, which issometimes measured as foam drainage time.Fluorochemical surfactants significantly decrease

the surface tension of foam solutions. Othersurfactants can be used to manufacture AFFFproducts, including alkyl amido betaine, alkylglucoside, alkyl coco amidoglycinate, alkyl acid �-amino dipropionate, ethoxylated t-octyl phenol,and others. Formulations can also contain polysac-charides such as xanthan gum.

The fundamental property that reflects the firesuppression performance of fluorosurfactantbased foams is the spreading coefficient. Thespreading coefficient is calculated from the surfacetension of the foam solution at the air interface


FOAMS

Category Foam Use Application Equipment

Protein Foam flammable liquids low expansion nozzles

High Expansion Foam combustible solids, Hi-Ex foam generatorsflammable liquids, LNG, LPG

Medium Expansion Foam combustible solids medium expansion nozzles

AFFF hydrocarbon liquids low and medium expansion nozzles

AFFF-ARF+ hydrocarbon and polar solvent low and medium expansionliquids nozzles

Fluoro Protein hydrocarbon liquids low expansion nozzles

FFFP hydrocarbon liquids low expansion nozzles

FFFP-ARF+ hydrocarbon and polar solvent low and medium expansionliquids nozzles

HAZMAT Foams special hazards low expansion and specialequipment

Class A Class A combustible solids low, medium, high expansionincluding wildland and CAFS

Fluorine Free combustible solids and flammable low, medium, high expansion liquids and CAFS

Fluorine Free-ARF+ hydrocarbon and polar solvent low, medium, high expansion liquids and CAFS

Table 1. Fire-fighting foams categories

Note: + The current practice is the use of low expansion nozzles on polar solvent risks.

Note:* Fluorohemicals including fluorosurfactants, fluoropolymers, and fluorinated co-polymers.**Hydrocarbon surfactants are likely present to support aqueous film formation.*** Polymers are most likely polysaccharide polymers, but could be substituted with fluorinated polymersto reduce viscosity.**** Polymers are polysaccharide polymers.

Foam Technology Major Components of Foam Chemistry

Protein Foam Protein (hydrolysed)

High Expansion Hydrocarbon surfactants

Medium Expansion Hydrocarbon surfactants

AFFF Fluorochemicals* + hydrocarbon surfactants

FPF Fluorochemicals* + protein

AFFF-ARF Fluorochemicals* + hydrocarbon surfactants + polymer***

FFFP Fluorochemicals* + protein + hydrocarbon surfactants**

FFFP-ARF Fluorochemicals* + protein + hydrocarbon surfactants** + polymer***

HAZMAT Foams Fluorochemicals* + hydrocarbon surfactants + polymer*** + neutralizers

Class A Foam Hydrocarbon surfactants

Fluorine Free Hydrocarbon surfactants + polymer**** (optional)

Fluorine Free -ARF Hydrocarbon surfactants + polymer****

Table 2. Summary of modern foam technology and its chemistry

P. 15-20 Foams 9/12/10 3:38 pm Page 16

(�a), the interfacial tension (�i) between the foamsolution and a selected fuel, and the surfacetension of the same fuel (�f). The spreading coeffi-cient is expressed in Equation 1.

Sa/f = �f – (�a + �i ) (Equation 1)

Fluorosurfactants are capable of the low surfacetension required to produce a positive spreadingcoefficient, a behaviour hydrocarbon surfactantsfind unachievable on their own. AFFF, FFFP, AFFF-ARF, and FFFP-ARF fire fighting foams all con-tain a blend of fluorosurfactants and hydrocarbonsurfactants, and in addition the protein basedfoams contain hydrolysed protein. Laboratoryinvestigations show that a 6% AFFF foam concen-trate solution can achieve a surface tension of 16to 18 mN m-2 at the surface-air interface, ascompared with 70 mN m-2 for deionised water. Ahydrocarbon surfactant mixture can achieve asurface-air interface surface tension of only 24 to35 mN m-2.

In a three-phase air-water-hydrocarbon systemthat exists at the base of a fire of a hydrocarbonliquid mitigated with aqueous foam, a fluorinatedsurfactant positions itself at the foam solution-airinterface, with the head group in the aqueoussolution and the perfluorocarbon chain “stickingup” in the air, as shown in Figure 1. The chemicalchain can be simultaneously water repellent (thatis, hydrophobic) and have no attraction for fat(that is, lipophobic). No other common surfactantsexhibit this property. This can lead to the forma-tion and spreading of thin aqueous foam-solutionfilms on surfaces of hydrocarbon liquids. Such

films limit the evaporation of fuel by imposing abarrier to mass transfer and decrease the heat fluxfrom the flame to the fuel.

The fluorosurfactants display a unique structurethat involves a combination of perfluorinated andhydrocarbon segments. The result is a surface activeagent that has a water soluble end (hydrophilic) anda perfluorinated end that has a non-water soluble(hydrophobic) end. In addition to repelling water,the hydrophobic part of the fluorinated surfactantalso repels hydrocarbon liquids and oils; that is, itpossesses the lipophobic properties. In effect, theperfluorinated end positions itself in the air phasewithin a three-phase air-water-oil system.

As a consequence of the improvement that thefluorosurfactants made for the extinguishment offlammable liquid fires (Class B), changes wereintroduced to protein based foams to createfluoroprotein foams (FPF). New foams were devel-oped through the 1970s, which included AFFF –alcohol resistant foams (AFFF-ARF), film formingfluoroprotein foams (FFFP) and their alcohol resis-tant version (FFFP-AR) which commonly containpolymers of complex sugar. As a result, all Class Bfoams contained fluorosurfactants. Table 1 sum-marises the modern Class B foam technologiesand their base chemistry. The fluoroinated surfac-tants, or surface active agents, include traditionalfluorosurfactants (CnFn+1–R) and also fluoropoly-mers, (fluoropolymer surface active moleculeswhich appeared in literature between 2001 and2009) and fluorinated co-polymers which are nowfound in almost all modern fluorochemical con-taining Class B foams. Specific fluoropolymers mayalso substitute polymers of complex sugars in low


Figure 1. Schematicdiagram of a thin filmspreading on ahydrocarbon surface.The size of thesurfactant molecules,which is miniscule incomparison to thethickness of the thinfilm, has been greatlyexaggerated. Thehydrocarbon surfactantsare shown at a higherconcentration, withsome having the fate ofmoving into thehydrocarbon fuel. Thefluorosurfactants areshown at a lowerconcentration, resistingmovement into thehydrocarbon fuel

KNOW YOUR FOAMS FOAMS

Table 3. Typical PFOS based 6% AFFF fire-fighting foam concentrate formulation.

Raw Material Weight % Function

Water 78-81 Solvent

Diethylene glycol mono butyl ether 10 Solvent, foam stabilizer

Alkyl sulphate surfactants 1-5 Foaming– Sodium octyl sulphate– Sodium decyl sulphate– Sodium decyl ethoxy sulphateFluorosurfactants 0.9-3 Foaming, film formation, surface

tension control

Triethanolamine 0.1-1.0 Foam stabilisation, pH

Urea 3-7 Foam stabilization

P. 15-20 Foams 9/12/10 3:38 pm Page 17

viscosity formulations. Most of theses formulationswill also contain a glycol based solvent to aidsolubility and performance.

Chemical companies that manufactured fluoro-surfactants based on perfluorinated telomersgroups. Currently, the most common fluoro-surfactant used in Class B fire fighting foamsresults from the telomer process with thefollowing formula, C6F13CH2CH2SO3¯ NH4

+. Allfire-fighting foam manufacturers have been rely-ing on a small group of specialized chemicalcompanies for sourcing their fluorochemicals.More recently, water soluble/dispersable fluoro-polymers are being added to modern fluorochemi-cal containing foams. Recently developedfluoropolymers are highly surface active, and aretherefore surfactants, and can work with 6:2 FTSbased surfactants. These molecules can also bedescribed a polyfluorinated, yet they still contain aperfluorinated -C6F13 end group.

It is the perfluorinated portion of the surfactantmolecule that equips fluorosurfactants and theirpolymers with their unique surface chemistry char-acteristics, including chemical inertness and heatresistance. The heat resistance of the fluorinatedportion of the molecule was considered a desirableproperty for a harsh environment such as fire. Theorganic portions appear to biodegrade quiterapidly, leaving the perfluorinated segment of thechain as inert and non-biodegradable. Such perflu-orinated segments do not occur naturally in theenvironment. They do not decay further byphotolytic, hydrolytic or biological means, andtend to be highly persistent in the environment,with implications of potential bioaccumulation.

Fluorosurfactants are capable of reducing thesurface tension of water from 70 mNm-2 to about16 mNm-2. This characteristic allows the formationof a thin aqueous film on top of most hydrocarbonsolvents. The thin film promotes the spreading offoam and suppression of hydrocarbon solventvapour. The fluorinated end of these surfactantmolecules are chemically inert, which enhancesthe heat resistance of films at the fire front andreduces solvent solubilisation in the foam The inertproperties of the fluorinated chain prevent the sur-factant molecules from complete degradation ifdispersed in the environment. A study has revealedthe presence of several types of organic fluorides,including a carboxylated species, later identified asPFOA.

Klein has put forth an argument that thestructural differences between a simple PFOS mol-ecule such as C8F17SO3K, and 6:2 fluorotelomer(C6F13CH2CH2SO3¯ NH4

+) are marginal. They havea similar length and the ends of the molecules areidentical in diameter. Therefore, in biologicalsystems that function on key-lock mechanisms dueto molecular geometry, the aforementioned struc-tures could have similar acceptance at an activesite. Figure 2 illustrates the structure of the simplePFOS and the 6:2 fluorotelomer. To date, noresearch have been established to prove ordisprove this hypothesis. Though, a recent reporthave confirmed the associations of PFOA with themanufacture of 6:2 fluorotelomer and manufac-tures’ pledge to reduce the sources.

At the time of writing this article it has becomeapparent that a fluorochemical manufacturer isdeleting some of its product range used in fire-fighting foams to meet the US EPA 2010/2015PFOA Stewardship Program. Constant vigilance isrequired to stay informed of the regulatorychanges and new developments from manufac-turers. The change over to pure 6:2 FTS is alsocomplicated by performance issues. The burn backresistance of pure 6:2 FTS fluorotelomer is not asgood as previous versions of 6:2 FTS.

The greatest challenge faced by the manu-facturers of fire-fighting foams is to design a foam concentrate that has the required fire perfor-mance without using fluorochemicals. Theapproach of Dlugogorski et al. [2002] was toidentify the properties of fire-fighting foamscontaining only hydrocarbon surfactants that wererequired to achieve the extinguishment perfor-mance equivalent to that of AFFF, FFFP and FPFformulations.

Dlugogorski et al. [2002] linked these propertieswith the fundamental behaviour of surfactantsolutions and foams, such as surface tension,surface viscosity, foam drainage, foam coarsening,foam bulk viscosity, and foam yield stress. Theyargued that it should be possible to develop non-fluorochemical fire suppression technology byadjusting the surface properties of surfactantsolutions and by generating foams characterisedby polydispersed bubble sizes. Foams composed ofbubbles of several sizes possess lower yield stressand lower bulk viscosity and are better able toflow faster over surfaces of liquid fuels than foamscomposed of uniformly sized bubbles.


Figure 2. Structures oftwo fluorosurfactants, asimple PFOS (C8F17SO3

-)and 6:2 fluorotelomer(C6F13CH2CH2SO3

-),positioned for directcomparison of moleculargeometry of bothanionic species.

KNOW YOUR FOAMSFOAMS

(PFOS) (6:2 FTS)

P. 15-20 Foams 9/12/10 3:38 pm Page 18

So everyone will make it home safely tonight.

Today’s advanced AFFF agents:

Are most effective to fight flammable liquid fires.

Provide the best extinguishment and burnback performance.

Have minimal environmental impact.

Have a low toxicity and biopersistence profile.

Are approved by global regulatory agencies.

AFFF Foams . . .

www.fffc.org

To successfully eliminate film forming chemicalsand obtain the required performance, it would benecessary to act like the aqueous film with layersof bubble walls. A bubble wall is a thin aqueousfilm in itself. Therefore many bubble layers wouldgive a performance not unlike an aqueous film ofAFFF, provided that the foam layer could movewith sufficient velocity. A foam consisting ofpolydispersed bubble sizes would work on theprinciple of forming a fast flowing, low yield stressfoam structure that would have a significantlylonger drain time than an AFFF.

High performance fluorine free foams work onthe principle of forming a flowing low-yield-stressfoam structure that has a significantly longer draintime than an AFFF. The generated foam movesfreely and quickly, and it has good heat resistancethat allows fast fire securement. If the foam struc-ture is broken, the bubbles flow back to fill the

missing foam structure such that the foam is capa-ble of repairing punctures and structural damage,i.e., self-heal. The foam has been observed duringburn back tests to move toward an open ignitedfuel surface, reducing the area of the fire andsometimes extinguishing it completely. Theperformance of this type of agent is reliant on theexistence of functional layers of bubbles. Table 5lists test results for the FFreeF foam as witnessedby Det Norske Veritas, and also includes the testresults of three AFFF products containing differentfluorochemical technologies.

The experimental results showed that the fourfoams tested had similar performance, whetherthey contained fluorochemicals or if it was thehigh performance fluorine free product FFreeF #1.

ConclusionsFire-fighting foams have a diverse chemistry tohandle Class A and Class B risks. The primary ClassB foams of today contain environmentally persis-tent fluorochemicals. Owing to the environmentalpersistence of fluorochemical degradation prod-ucts, the use of fluorochemicals in dispersiveapplications, such as in fire-fighting foams, is

coming under severe scrutiny by environmentalagencies. This may result in further regulations andrestrictions on the use of fire fighting foamscontaining fluorochemicals.

Fluorine free foam (FFreeF) technology hasimproved dramatically with the introduction ofhigh performance products and now challengestraditional fluorochemical containing technology.The research associated with this article illustratesthe overlap in the performance of AFFF and highperformance FFreeF technology. The essentialproperties of any new Class B foam technology,which omits fluorochemicals, include slowdrainage, high heat resistance, slow coarsening,low shear viscosity and low yield stress. Foams thathave these essential properties are representing anew fire-fighting foam technology that provide a responsible environmental profile. However, notall FFreeF foam products meet high levels of fire

performance. The technology has passed the ICAOlevel B fire performance criterion, meeting the per-formance of traditional AFFF and FFFP products.This new technology is the first fluorochemical freefoam to meet this level of fire performance and itsets the benchmark for the future.

AcknowledgementsSome of the above information was previouslypublished in the following papers as interim orincomplete releases of findings at conferences.There have been no intentional omissions ofprevious publication or copyright.Dlugogorski B.Z., Kennedy E.M., Schaefer T.H. and

Vitali J.A. (2002). “What properties matter in fire-fighting foams?”. Proc 2nd NRIFD Symp, Tokyo,Japan, 57-78.

Schaefer T.H. (2002). “Class B foams…is it time toinnovate?”. Proc AFAC Conf (CD Abstracts), GoldCoast, Australia, 48.

Schaefer T.H., Dlugogorski B.Z. and Kennedy E.M.(2004). “Class B fire fighting foams – performancebalanced with environment”, Fire Safety at Sea,Melbourne, Australia (March 2004), CD-ROM, 1-18.

References available upon request

APF


KNOW YOUR FOAMSFOAMS

Table 5. Results from ICAO level B fire tests (4.5 m2 pan).

ICAO Level B FFreeF #1 AFFF #1 AFFF #2 AFFF #3specification (high performance) (mil spec) (mil spec)

Fluorochemical No Yes Yes Yestechnology

Solution strength 3 or 6% 6% 6% 6% 3%

90% control – 30 s – 38 s 26 s

Extinguishment < 60 s 46 s 50 s 46 s 44 s

Burn back time > 5 min > 8 min# 7.1 min > 8 min# > 8 min#

Note: # No indication of re-ignition or burn back of foam was observed after 8 min on any of the tests.

Fluorine free foam (FFreeF) technology has improved dramatically

with the introduction of high performance products and now

challenges traditional fluorochemical containing technology. The

research associated with this article illustrates the overlap in the

performance of AFFF and high performance FFreeF technology.

P. 15-20 Foams 9/12/10 3:38 pm Page 20

Elkhart Brass w/p 8/3/06 10:46 am Page 1

TRAINING


While CFA members attend around 35,000incidents each year, the first qualificationthey need in order to become opera-

tional is wildfire training. For many firefighters,wildfires will make up the majority of the incidentsthey attend. No matter their level of experience,members undergo regular refresher training tobring them up-to-date with using new equipment,techniques and processes. The training spansdifferent levels from Minimum Skills right throughto the expertise required to become a strike teamleader.

It is a clear, cold spring evening and at firestations all around Victoria, firefighters are gath-ered outside by their tankers preparing to practisedrafting, hose-laying, pumping, firefighting andsurvival techniques. Despite summer being justaround the corner, a cold southerly is blowing. Inanticipation of a soaking, most are wearing awarm jumper under their yellow wildfire gear.Some members are decked out in brand-new gear,whereas a little wear and tear on others proclaimsthat this is not their first fire season.

No matter if they are a new recruit or a veteranof Ash Wednesday or the 2009 Victorian Fires,everyone takes their training very seriously. They come from all backgrounds – school teach-ers, plumbers, retirees, shopkeepers, universitystudents, nurses, stay-at-home parents, accoun-tants, mechanics and farmers to name just a few.But they are all united by a desire to help theircommunities. They give up anything from a fewhours a week to attend training and call-outs tousing up their annual leave to join a strike teamwhen needed.

So there is no mucking around as they gothrough their training, which includes bowling andconnecting hoses to couplings, operating pumpsand applying water from a variety of branches.

Inside the station, another group of members iswatching a video and discussing attack techniquesdepending on various topographies and weatherconditions. More experienced members pass onsage advice to new recruits who listen soberly.Another group is outside perfecting their ‘step-uptechnique’ with the rake hoe, where firefightersuse dirt to blackout rather than water. After theypack the equipment away and have a cuppa thereis time for a joke and a catch-up. Everyone under-stands that effective training and planning canmean the difference between success and tragedy.

While learning how to fight fires is an integralpart of training, CFA insists that firefighter safety isits number-one priority. “The safety of our peopleis of the highest importance to CFA,” states GregBaxendale, Manager Training & Development,Districts 4 & 5, Barwon South West Region. “CFA’s Safety First culture is embedded in theorganisation.”

Greg explains that this means new volunteerfirefighters need to undertake the right trainingbefore qualifying with Minimum Skills and being

able to attend fires. He says that once this basictraining has been completed there are dozens ofadvanced courses on offer.

Plus, CFA’s more experienced members may alsochoose to undertake regular refreshers to ensurethey are conversant with new equipment andprocesses. “Wildfire training involves more than‘squirting the wet stuff on the red stuff’,” Gregsays. “Members may also need to update theirqualification or master other skills in such diverseareas as drafting, truck driving, first-aid, crewleading and management, fire investigation, com-munications and mapping. They are also able toprogress into very specialised Incident Manage-ment roles with the appropriate experience.”

Greg stresses that members need to be prepared

By Alison Aprhys

Victoria CFA

Against TheElements – CFA’s Wildfire Firefighter TrainingIn Australia, Victoria’s Country Fire Authority (CFA) operates in one of the mostfire-prone areas in the world. To meet that challenge, CFA considers pre-summerfire training a critical element for its operational firefighter education and skillsmaintenance.

New recruits come from all backgrounds – school

teachers, plumbers, retirees, shopkeepers, university

students, nurses, stay-at-home parents, accountants,

mechanics and farmers to name just a few. But they

are all united by a desire to help their communities.

P. 23-27 CFA Wildfire 9/12/10 3:39 pm Page 23

to continue their learning throughout their CFAmembership. “Let us not forget that education ofany sort is simply the foundation of a person’s life-long learning, it is not the end of it,” he says. “Forexample, when volunteers are first qualified in a

particular competency, their proficiency level isadequate to be deemed competent. It is onlythrough practice, that volunteers truly become pro-ficient and are then able to operate at the levelthat the community expects them to operate at.”


Henry Barton, centre

TRAINING


Greg says that by offering high-quality trainingand education to CFA members, its firefightersand support people have the opportunity to dotheir best when the situation demands.

Warrnambool Fire Brigade (WFB) OperationsOfficer Henry Barton says ongoing wildfire traininghelps the brigade’s 35 career and volunteerfirefighters gain confidence in their own skills aswell as those of their colleagues. He says thecareer firefighters enjoy the time they dedicatefrom October to December providing wildfire skillsmaintenance with the volunteers. The training isconducted over four nights and often involvesvolunteers from neighbouring brigades.

“This training is a good opportunity for ourmembers to not only refresh their training but toalso interact with each other in action and gainconfidence in the abilities of their colleagues,” hesays. Henry says that the WFB has been providingthe training for around a decade. “The confidencethat volunteers and staff gain in each others’capabilities is excellent,” he says.

Henry says that all brigades in District 5 areparticipating in wildfire training as a part of theirSection 29 compliance, which reviews brigadeviability and ability, from people through to theprocesses and equipment. “This means that when members go on a strike team or attend an incident with their colleagues from other District5 brigades, they know that everyone has under-taken wildfire skills maintenance and they can haveconfidence in their fellow members,” he says.

Based in Hamilton in Victoria’s south-west, CFASenior Wildfire Instructor Bill Speirs and hiscolleagues endeavour to create, run and deliverexceptional firefighter education and training. Ahighly experienced fire investigator and firefighter,Bill joined CFA as a volunteer in 1962 and iscurrently a member of the Nelson Fire Brigade,situated on the rugged Victorian coast near theSouth Australian border.

According to Bill, all members, career or volun-teer, receive comprehensive training. “We teachour members right through from Minimum Skillsto fireground leadership roles,” he says. “Thisincludes crew leader, strike team leader and sectorcommander courses and the incident manage-ment roles including planning and logistics.”

Bill explains that one of the biggest trainingchallenges is that the volunteers undertaking thesecourses are doing so on top of their work, familyand community commitments. “We aim to make


Bill Speirs

AGAINST THE ELEMENTS – CFA’S WILDFIRE FIREFIGHTER TRAINING TRAINING

Victoria CFA has more

than 59,000 volunteer

members plus over 550

career firefighters and is

responsible for protecting

approximately 3.3 million

people and 1 million

dwellings.



TRAINING

the training interesting, relevant and enjoyablebecause if we do not hold their attention aftertheir day’s work, we have lost them,” he says.“We strive to have participants involved ratherthan sitting through a lecture process.”

Flexibility is also a key strategy so courses areusually run outside office hours and scheduled tosuit particular groups. “Some volunteers are happyto give a weekend or specific night so we workaround this,” he says. “With dairy farmers wemight run shorter day courses so they can fit intheir milking.”

Bill says that it is important to balance out theclassroom learning with the practical. “We inter-sperse the theory with hands-on scenarios so weselect locations that reflect the topography andweather conditions of the topic and this seems towork really well,” he says.

One firefighter who has attended Bill’s wildfire

training is volunteer Katrina Knowles of the Mill-town Fire Brigade. Like her colleagues, she is keento keep her skills up-to-date so that when shedons her turnout gear she is fully prepared.Although Katrina joined CFA in 2007, she hasrapidly undertaken a number of training coursesincluding crew leader.

“I think that the CFA training is very profession-al, the facilitators make the effort to know andunderstand everyone’s background and skills sotheir training can be delivered in such a way that

We aim to make the training

interesting, relevant and

enjoyable because if we do

not hold their attention

after their day’s work, we

have lost them.

Katrina Knowles


everyone benefits,” she says. In regards to prepar-ing for bushfires, Katrina adds that participating inDepartment of Sustainability and Environment(DSE) back-burning has also been very valuable.“When DSE did the burn-offs our brigade assistedand that was really good practice,” she says.

Over at Gorae West Rural Fire Brigade (GWRFB),Lieutenant Boyd Falconer, a 17-year member, reck-ons you can always learn something new. A quali-fied crew leader and strike team leader, Boydbelieves intense training is essential. “This providesus with the opportunity to hone our skills, reac-quaint ourselves and other less active memberswith equipment and procedures and along withthe various community fire ready programs pro-vides us with an opportunity for the recruitment ofnew members.”

He says that during 2010 GWRFB has expandedits current combined district, group and brigadetraining to incorporate special sessions with twoneighbouring brigades with which they often turnout. “This gives us the opportunity for more atten-dees, greater communication levels and betterunderstanding of each others’ crews and equip-ment as we frequently turn out to small incidentstogether,” he says. “We are quite often the onlybrigades on scene; we have similar types of areasand attend very similar types of incidents.”

Although he is now assisting newer memberswith training, Boyd says that over the years he hasfound that the support, variety, opportunity andthe encouraging atmosphere that accompaniesCFA training are some of main reasons he contin-ues. “The opportunity to put into practice newskills learnt with the support and encouragementof a senior CFA member is something I find to be a very positive aspect of the training system,”he says. APF


Boyd Falconer

AGAINST THE ELEMENTS – CFA’S WILDFIRE FIREFIGHTER TRAINING TRAINING

Alison Aprhys is a freelancejournalist who has worked in-house at CFA and is avolunteer firefighter.

For more information go towww.cfa.vic.gov.au

We are quite often the only

brigades on scene; we have

similar types of areas and

attend very similar types

of incidents.



Waterproof camera head, submersible to a depth of 75 feet (23m)Clutch equipped gearbox, 240˚ articulating cameraAdaptable modular design

Locate live victims in collapsed structuresRugged, portable & easy to deployUsed by Search & Rescue teams around the world

Portable, self powered, intrinsically safeSecure, uninterrupted communicationConfined space, collapse, trench, high angle, mine

P. 28 ads 9/12/10 3:40 pm Page 28

USAR


Earthquakes are a regular occurrence in NewZealand; the country forms part of the so calledPacific Ring of Fire, which is geologically very

active. Most of the country’s 14,000 or so earth-quakes that are recorded each year are minor events;around 200 are strong enough to be felt. Inevitably,this has had an impact on the culture of the countryin terms of the general awareness of earthquakes,disaster planning and building regulations.

The epicentre of the South Island earthquakewas 55 kilometres north-west of the 386,000population city of Christchurch – New Zealand’ssecond largest city – in the Canterbury region.Almost two-thirds of the city’s 160,000 homeswere damaged, with an estimated cost of repairsrunning into NZ$2 billion. Miraculously, nobodywas killed; one man was hit by a falling chimney,while another was badly cut by glass. Ten peoplewere admitted to hospital with suspected heartattacks triggered by shock.

Comparing this with the devastating impact ofthe Haiti earthquake must raise important ques-tions about the methods used to construct buildingsin earthquake-prone zones, city infrastructures andcommunications, emergency preparedness, and

USAR (Urban Search & Rescue) resources and training.

Almost 2,900 aftershocks of a magnitude 2Mwor more on the Richter Scale have been recordedsince the original earthquake on 3rd September,including three of 5.4Mw magnitude. On 8thSeptember, there was a large 5.1Mw aftershockwith an epicentre just seven kilometres from thecity centre and, on 19th October, there was amagnitude 5.0Mw aftershock that caused surfaceshaking that was reported to be the worst sincethe original earthquake. Some of these after-shocks have caused further damage to buildings inChristchurch’s central business district, and havebeen felt as far away as Dunedin in the south-eastcorner of South Island.

Fast responseThe Fire Service’s response to the 3rd Septemberearthquake was swift and decisive.

Immediately after the earthquake struck, theoperation in Canterbury swung into place using itsusual CIMS (Coordinated Incident ManagementSystem) structure. The Christchurch hazmat-command unit was based at what was designated

ChristchurchEarthquake – A Lesson In USARThe 7.1Mw earthquake that struck New Zealand’s South Island on 3rdSeptember was larger than the earthquake that devastated the Caribbean Islandof Haiti earlier in the year, killing 230 people, destroying 250,000 homes and30,000 commercial buildings.By Graham Collins

P. 29-30 USAR 9/12/10 3:41 pm Page 29

Emergency l Centre, in the Christchurch City ArtGallery, while the hazmat-command unit at Timaru;160 kilometres south of Christchurch, was relocatedto the USAR base at Woolston, three kilometressoutheast of Christchurch city centre. Fire Servicepersonnel were also sent to Emergency OperationsCentres in Waimakariri, north of Christchurch, andSelwyn, a predominantly rural area in central Can-terbury, to provide liaison and support. An IT spe-cialist was added to the Environment Canterbury(ECan) Operations Centre.

USAR personnel from outside Christchurch wereflown in within hours, and a full complement wason the ground in just over 48 hours. At nationallevel, within hours operational and data andspatial intelligence personnel were providingsupport and information to the National CrisisManagement Centre. Relief Executive Officerswere deployed to support the regional commandon 6th September, and the national headquarters’Quake Support Centre was set up to help with thedeployment of relief personnel and providewelfare assistance. An Incident Management Teamfor welfare and support was also established inChristchurch and career and volunteer firefighterswere deployed from around the country as anadditional resource to local crews.

The operation moved quickly from response torecovery and it was almost business-as-usualwithin a fortnight.

USAR deploymentAll three USAR taskforces – from the city ofAuckland, the town of Palmerston North andChristchurch – were deployed immediately followingthe earthquake. These taskforces are made up large-ly of Fire Service personnel, along with support staff,paramedics, search dogs and handlers, and specialistbuilding engineers. They are supported by the USARNational Management Team that was also mobilisedto Christchurch. Their deployment and operationalneeds were also supported by the National CrisisManagement Centre. The 130 or so personnellocated themselves at the USAR base next to theWoolston fire station and training centre.

In the first four days, the USAR teams assessedevery building in the central city area and well over750 private homes. In the central city area the

USAR teams knocked out windows, secured walls,knocked down small unstable areas and taped offthe dangerous buildings. As the days progressed,they began helping with the demolition of someof the large, unstable buildings and protectingothers from being damaged by buildings with thepotential to collapse from aftershocks.

Out in the suburbs and in the small towns inthe Canterbury region, USAR teams demolishes anumber of chimneys and advised residents aboutrooms that should not be used, the need to leavesuspect structures, and when it was safe to stay.

Logistically it was, and is, the biggest event theFire Service has responded to in 20 years. Person-nel from across New Zealand provided supporteither on the ground or in support roles. In thefirst four days, crews officially responded to over1,100 incidents although, in reality, the unofficialnumber was much higher. Several of the smallerbrigades co-opted in for the emergency dealt with more incidents in a few days than they wouldnormally deal with in a year.

More than 40 appliances were put to work inCanterbury during the emergency. In future, theywill each come with an ALPS (Automated Locationand Positioning System) GPS (Global PositioningSystem) locator, so dispatchers will be able to seeat a glance where they all are and direct thenearest appliance to the next emergency.

Maps and dataThe Data and Spatial Intelligence (DSI) teamhelped plug the information gap opened up bythe earthquake. Staff worked out of the NationalCrisis Management Centre (NCMC), providingsupport for the Ministry of Civil Defence andEmergency Management and the New ZealandFire Service national headquarters. They were alsodeployed in the Emergency Operations Centre(EOC) in Christchurch.

For the first few days, the Fire Service providedICAD incident reporting and emergency servicesoperational data to the National Crisis ManagementCentre, so they could see what incidents the fire,police and ambulance services were responding to,which helped the civil defence response. Within thefirst four hours, Canterbury region incident mapswere delivered to the NCMC. By Tuesday, immedi-ate tasking satellite imagery was delivered to theNew Zealand Defence Force, and New Zealand aerialphotography was in the hands of the CanterburyEOCs, along with radar data that showed terraindisplacement. By Wednesday, in support of theMinistry of Civil Defence and Emergency Manage-ment (MCDEM) and the EOCs, data sharing andstandardisation of building assessment data hadbeen set up between the three different councilsand regional council. This allowed all respondingagencies to see a common operating picture.

By drawing on all the data available, the differentagencies were able to help each other out and pro-vide the Ministry of Civil Defence and EmergencyManagement with a comprehensive picture of whatwas happening. It also provided agencies with easyaccess to each other’s information. For instance,SMS data could be searched to find informationthat the council did not have on key holders. ICADand SMART maps could be used to find the namesof buildings and/or addresses when building assess-ment sheets were returned from the field with onlya business name for identification. APF


CHRISTCHURCH EARTHQUAKE – A LESSON IN USARUSAR

P. 29-30 USAR 9/12/10 3:41 pm Page 30

Pelican APF36 p31 9/12/10 10:35 am Page 1

Copyright © 2010 DuPont. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont ™, The miracles of science™, The Science of Protection™, and FM-200 ® are trademarks or registered trademarks of E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

DuPont™ FM-200® clean agent can reach extinguishing levels

in 10 seconds or less, stopping ordinary combustible,

electrical, and flammable liquid fires before they cause

significant damage. When fire is extinguished that quickly,

it means less damage, lower repair costs, and an extra margin

of safety for employees and valuable assets—making it easier

to keep your business running smoothly.

Make sure your business is protected with the most

widely specified clean agent in the world. Get maximum

protection with DuPont™ FM-200®.

1.800.473.7790

cleanagents.dupont.com

DuPont Fire Extinguishants. The Science of Protection.™

When asset protection matters most. DuPont™ FM-200®.

SUPPRESSION


Right up to the closing years of the 1960s,CO2 [carbon dioxide] was pretty much theonly available “clean” – more on that word

later – gaseous fire-suppression agent. Halongases became commercially available in the late1960s and were soon adopted as an alternative toCO2, particularly for the protection of areas wherepeople might be present. This was because CO2 ismost certainly not suitable for total flooding appli-cations in normally occupied rooms or enclosures,as its discharge in fire extinguishing concentrationsis lethal to room occupants.

However, as Fred Hildebrandt, Director of Salesat Janus Fire Systems – a man with 34 yearsgaseous agent suppression system experience –points out: “CO2 continues to this day to be a pop-ular, versatile and effective fire suppression agentfor the total flooding of unoccupied, enclosed,special-hazard areas such as power generationequipment, spray booths and turbines. Whendischarged, it leaves nothing behind to damagesensitive equipment, and with no agent clean-uprequired, business-critical installations can be upand running again in the shortest possible time.”

FireSuppression –Keep It CleanThe United Nations Environment Programme has recently published a report onclean agents and the next edition of APF will carry an exclusive article on thereport written by one of the committee’s members, John O’Sullivan. As aprelude, Graham Collins, APF’s Editor, overviews the major developments sincethe Montreal Protocol with Janus Fire Systems’ Fred Hildebrandt.By Graham Collins

P. 33-37 Clean Agents 9/12/10 3:42 pm Page 33

It remains popular also because it can becompressed into a liquid state which, when main-tained under pressure, requires a smaller storagefootprint than many other gaseous suppressionagents. An essential consideration though is toensure that the flooded areas are adequately ven-tilated after discharge to prevent the accidentalexposure of personnel to dangerous levels of CO2when investigating the cause of the discharge.

Not that CO2 is free from misunderstandings. Itis close to impossible to go anywhere in the worldtoday without hearing carbon dioxide mentioned,often in the same breath as terms such as carbonfootprint and global warming. So it is easy to

forget that CO2 continues to be a very effectivefire suppressant and that, in all probability, hasbeen used to safely extinguish more fires in unoc-cupied areas than any other gaseous suppressantfor the better part of 100 years.

So, what are the facts? Carbon dioxide occursnaturally in the atmosphere, and the gas used as afirefighting suppressant is extracted from a num-ber of natural CO2 producing processes. It is thenstored until it is needed. Also, its use in fire protec-tion is insignificant compared with the emissionsand environmental damage caused by an uncon-trolled fire, or the huge quantities of CO2 emittedinto the atmosphere as a by-product of many

industrial processes, particularly in some of thefast-developing emerging nations.

Halon and the Montreal ProtocolFrom the late 1960s until the signing of theMontreal Protocol halon was a much favouredgaseous fire suppressant, particularly for occupiedareas such as computer suites, telecommuni-cations facilities, areas containing high-valueelectronic equipment, document storage, archivesand research facilities.

Of the halons, Halon 1301, a CFC (chlorofluoro-carbon) with the chemical name of bromotri-fluoromethane and a chemical formula CBrF3, was

by far the most popular as a gaseous fire suppres-sion agent. It extinguished fire by chemicallyinterrupting the chain reaction inhibiting flamepropagation. Halon 1301 was a first-class fire sup-pressant but, unfortunately, the same could not besaid for its environmental credentials.

By the mid-1980s scientific evidence showedthat these halogenated hydrocarbons were con-tributing to the depletion of the stratosphericozone layer. Halon 1301 had ozone depletionpotential of 12, global warming potential of 6900,and an atmospheric lifetime of 65 years that waswholly unacceptable to the international commu-nity. So, despite its undeniable effectiveness as a


FIRE SUPPRESSION – KEEP IT CLEANSUPPRESSION

From the late 1960s until the signing of the Montreal Protocol

Halon was a much favoured gaseous fire suppressant,

particularly for occupied areas such as computer suites,

telecommunications facilities, areas containing high-value

electronic equipment, document storage, archives and

research facilities.



P. 35 ads 9/12/10 3:43 pm Page 35

suppression agent, Halon 1301’s demise camewhen the Montreal Protocol came into effect in1989.

The Montreal Protocol, or to give it its fullname, the Montreal Protocol on Substances thatDeplete the Ozone Layer is a protocol to theVienna Convention for the Protection of theOzone Layer. It is a treaty aimed at protecting the stratospheric ozone layer by phasing out theproduction of numerous substances believed to beresponsible for ozone depletion. This includedCFCs – such as Halon 1301 – and HCFCs(hydrochlorofluorocarbons), resulting in a flurry ofactivity to develop alternative, sustainable,environmentally-acceptable and long-term agents.Some turned out to be more successful thanothers.

Kyoto and CopenhagenThe next chapter came in 1997 with the signing ofthe Kyoto Protocol on climate change – a protocolto the United Nations Framework Convention onClimate Change (UNFCCC or FCCC), aimed atachieving “stabilization of greenhouse gas concen-trations in the atmosphere at a level that wouldprevent dangerous anthropogenic interferencewith the climate system”, fighting global warmingand establishing the goal of reducing greenhousegas emissions.

The United Nations Climate Change Conference– more commonly known as the CopenhagenSummit – took place in 2009 in Copenhagen,

Denmark. It was the 15th“Conference of the Parties” tothe United Nations FrameworkConvention on Climate Changeand the 5th “Meeting of the Par-ties” to the Kyoto Protocol. Theaim was to agree a frameworkfor climate change mitigationbeyond 2012, the date on whichthe Kyoto Protocol is set toexpire. It followed the ClimateChange: Global Risks, Challengesand Decisions scientific confer-ence that took place in March oflast year. The consensus of opin-ion was that the CopenhagenSummit failed to live up to manypeople’s expectations.

Halon replacementsOne firefighting agent thatbecame particularly popularfollowing the Montreal Protocolwas FM-200 (HFC-227ea), ahalocarbon or HFC (hydrofluoro-carbon) suppressant with thechemical name of heptafluoro-propane. Another popular halo-carbon suppressant is HFC-125/FE-25, which has a chemicalname of pentafluoroethane. Witheither, there is no risk of thermalshock damage to delicate equip-ment, they are electrically non-conductive and non-corrosive,leave no oily residue or depositsto damage computer software,data files or communicationsequipment so clean-up opera-

tions are unnecessary following discharge. However, the Kyoto Protocol specifically sought

to cap the emissions of greenhouse gases from,among others, HFCs that almost inevitably has ledto questions continuing to be asked about itsviability. Firefighting though, as Fred Hildebrandtunderlines is: “A very minor user of HFCs, and theapplications causing the most concern for groupssuch as the United Nations Environment Pro-gramme are insulation foams, air conditioningunits and refrigeration.”

He continues: “Both FM-200 and HFC-125/FE-25 extinguish a fire through heat absorption;they are zero ozone depleting, have global warm-ing potentials significantly lower than Halon 1301,and have far shorter atmospheric lifetimes.” Heexplains: “Global warming potential is a measureof how much a given mass of a gas is estimated tocontribute to global warming. CO2 has a globalwarming potential of 1 and is the baseline againstwhich all greenhouse gases are compared.”

Inert gas optionUnderstandably, the Montreal and Kyoto protocolsfocused greater interest on inert gases that canjustly claim to have no environmental downside.They have zero ozone depletion potential, zeroatmospheric lifetime and zero global warmingpotential. Inert gases are non-toxic, they will notharm sensitive electronic equipment, art treasuresor documents, and are safe to use in enclosedareas where people may be working.


SUPPRESSION


These gases are a non-conductive and non-corrosive blend of naturally occurring gases – suchas a combination of N (Nitrogen), Ar (Argon) andCO2 – or, less frequently, a single naturallyoccurring gas. They work by lowering the oxygencontent of the protected area to a point that willnot support combustion but is sufficient to sustainhuman life, in much the same way as CO2, butwithout the lethal implications.

So, why have inert gases not been over-whelmingly adopted? According to Janus’ FredHildebrandt, the fact of the matter is that HFCs areideal fire fighting agents and are most appropriatewhere speed of suppression, space for cylinderstorage and weight are the determining factors.Inert gases are most appropriate where speed ofdischarge is considered to be of less importanceand where there is considerably more space avail-able for cylinder storage. He argues: “Typically, aninert gas system requires up to seven times thestorage space of FM-200 and ten times the stor-age space of a comparable Halon 1301 system.”That being said, inert systems are certainly popularwith companies where specifying a zero ozonedepleting, non-chemical product is of paramountimportance.

Post-Kyoto agentsFollowing the Kyoto Protocol it became clear thatthere was a need for a chemical suppressant that met the industry’s needs, while satisfying theenvironmental lobby. One of the most successfulof these is 3M’s Novec 1230 Fire Protection Fluid, afluid-based system that is said to use sustainable,long-term technology.

Novec 1230 is a fluorinated ketone or fluoro-ketone – a low toxicity, low vapour pressure fluid,with a boiling point of 49°C, that exists as a liquidat room temperature, with a chemical structure ofCF3CF2C(O)CF(CF3)2. This molecule was chosenbecause it provides an ideal combination of fireextinguishing performance, toxicological andenvironmental properties. The suppressant isstored as a low-vapour-pressure fluid that, whendischarged, transmutes into a colourless andodourless gas. Typical total flooding applicationsuse a concentration of the fluid that is well belowthe agent’s saturation or condensation level, andthe fluid has the lowest design concentration ofany viable Halon 1301 chemical alternative.

While certain halocarbons and inert gases areused at design concentrations that are below the NOAEL or No Observed Adverse Effect Level,with safety margins from seven percent, no otherfire suppression solution comes close to Novec1230’s safety margin. NOAEL is an important mea-sure, as it represents the level of exposure at whichthere is no biologically or statistically significant

increase in the frequency or severity of any adverseeffects.

Fred Hildebrandt cites the key benefits of Novec1230 as: “Novec 1230 is a high performance fire-extinguishing agent with a negligible impact onthe environment, with an insignificant globalwarming potential – lower than any of the halo-carbon agents acceptable for use in occupiedspaces.” He continues: “When discharged, Novec1230 leaves nothing behind to damage sensitiveelectronic equipment or documents. Comparedwith Halon 1301’s ozone depletion potential of12, Novec 1230’s is zero; its global warmingpotential is 1 against Halon’s 6900; and theagent’s atmospheric lifetime is five days, contrast-ing with Halon’s 65 years. It contains neitherbromine nor chlorine and, significantly, Novec1230 is not included in the basket of ‘greenhousegases’ identified by the Kyoto Protocol.”

What is clean?But, with so many options on the market, what is“clean”? The USA’s NFPA (National Fire PreventionAssociation) 2001: 2008 (Standard on CleanAgent Fire Extinguishing Systems) covers bothhalogenated agents and inert gases. The 2008

update includes the latest toxicity limitations alongwith complete facts on the different types of halo-genated and inert gaseous extinguishing agentson the market today. Another important feature ofthis edition is that it includes additional referencesto US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)SNAP (Significant New Alternatives Program)approved agents.

SNAP evaluates and regulates substitutes forthe ozone-depleting chemicals that are beingphased out under the stratospheric ozone protec-tion provisions of the USA’s Clean Air Act. Underthe Clean Air Act, the EPA, which was created in1970 in response to growing public demand forcleaner air, water, and land, is authorised to identi-fy and publish lists of acceptable and unacceptablesubstitutes for Class I or Class II ozone-depletingsubstances. Novec 1230, for example, is listed as“acceptable without restrictions”. Other sourcesof information are the Europe Commission’s JointResearch Centre Institute for Health and Con-sumer Protection’s ELINCS (European List ofNotified Chemical Substances) scheme, BS ISO14520 (Gaseous fire-extinguishing systems.Physical properties and system design) and theAustralian Standard AS ISO 14520.2009.

Few would doubt that the drive for everimproving environmental performance is inex-orable. Perhaps John O’Sullivan’s article in the nextedition of APF will help us all to see just how farwe still have to go. APF


FIRE SUPPRESSION – KEEP IT CLEAN SUPPRESSION

Fred Hildebrandt is Directorof Sales at Janus Fire Systems

For more information go towww.janusfiresystems.com

The suppressant is stored as a low-vapour-pressure fluid that,

when discharged, transmutes into a colourless and odourless

gas. Typical total flooding applications use a concentration of

the fluid that is well below the agent’s saturation or

condensation level, and the fluid has the lowest design

concentration of any viable Halon 1301 chemical alternative.


FM-200® Waterless clean agentfi re suppression

ECARO-25® Cost-effective clean agentfi re suppression

PROINERT® Inert gas systemwith unique patentedfl ow control valve

CYBERCAT® Comprehensive line of intelligent fi re alarmcontrol systems

PRECISE® &SIGNIFIRE™

Event management and Video smoke systems

NEW INTEGRATEDVOICE EVACUATION

FIRE SUPPRESSION • FIRE ALARM

FIRE SOLUTIONS

For over 30 years, Fike has provided

reliable and innovative fi re protection

systems. Today, Fike systems are trusted

around the world. We have application

experts in key regions to provide fast,

responsive service. In addition to our

well known clean agent product line,

we offer a complete fi re alarm system

with the fl exibility to meet a variety of

application needs.

WWW.FIKE.COM

+60-3-7859-1462

DETECTION


While predictions for climate change some-times appear to be contradictory, there isno disputing that vast tracts of the globe

are experiencing extreme weather conditions.Within the past month, research scientists fromNASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies haveconcluded a study showing that climate changecould likely become the principal driver for futurewildfires and bushfires if current CO2 levelscontinue to rise unabated.

Their findings, published in the highly-regardedProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,include a new wildfire model that has producedthe first long-term history of global burning. Itpredicts large increases in fire activity in India,Australia, central Asia and Siberia, southernEurope, and southern Africa.

It is necessary to consider only recent events.For example, Russia’s devastating summer heat-wave – the worst since records began 130 yearsago – cost almost 5,000 lives, and the countryfought to quell the worst wildfires in decades. Andthe impact of the devastating 2009 bushfires inVictoria, Australia is still reverberating. There is littledisputing that Australia is becoming hotter anddryer and, as a direct consequence, is experiencingmore frequent and more dangerous bushfires.

The cost of these fires is staggering. Earlyestimates of the cost to the Russian economysuggested the final toll would top US$15 billion,and some claims adjusters believe that the totalinsurance costs for the Victoria Black Saturday fireshave amounted to AU$1.5 billion, thought therecent Royal Commission calculated the total costto be AU$4.0 billion. It has been estimated thatthe Black Saturday and subsequent bushfires inVictoria emitted the equivalent of one year’s worthof industrial emissions. So, alongside the alarmingenvironmental impact of these fires, the loss of lifeand destruction of property and the devastationwreaked on the infrastructure, it is evident thatmeasures that ensure early detection – and henceearly suppression – have to be money well spent.

Where there is smoke . . .Smoke detection inside buildings has been estab-lished for many years and is getting ever moresophisticated and reliable. Smoke detection in theexternal environment too has moved ahead apaceand today offers high-risk countries with largetracts of land covered in bush, forests and com-bustible crops the best prospect of stopping eithera natural or man-made bushfire, wildfire or forestfire in its tracks.

By David Goodrich

FireWatch Australia

Bushfires – A Vision Of The FutureScientists are predicting that bushfires will become more common in Australiadue to climate change, so early detection now tops the bushfire agenda.

P. 39-40 Bushfire 9/12/10 3:44 pm Page 39

In Germany, for instance, over the past eightyears areas of forest burnt have been reduced bymore than 90 percent using an automatic smokedetection system called FireWatch. This year therewas a particularly impressive endorsement of thesystem’s capability when a fire was detected at adistance of 72 kilometres from the tower. Today,Germany has 178 tower-based FireWatch sensorsthat are monitored by 22 control centres, coveringan area of 2.4 million hectares of forest.

In excess of 200 of these systems have beeninstalled worldwide and are now either operatingor are being trialled in France, Portugal, Estonia,Czech Republic, Greece, Lithuania, Holland, theUS, Mexico, Italy, Cyprus, Croatia, Serbia, Mon-tenegro and Kazakhstan.

Trials of the same technology, funded by theAustralian Federal Government after the BlackSaturday bushfires were undertaken in 2009 and2010 with the result that 347 fire events weredetected, ten percent of which occurred at night.FireWatch sensors were sited at four locations inVictoria, with the data being fed back to a controlroom at the Deakin University campus at Bur-wood. A small number of controlled tests wereundertaken by the Bushfire CRC (CooperativeResearch Centres) and the Commonwealth Scien-tific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)in New South Wales over a twelve-day period.

How it worksThis particular system is based on aerospace tech-nology developed for the NASA Mars Pathfinder

mission, and monitors the landscapeusing a sophisticated sensor unit tocollect data. These sensors aremounted on existing telecommuni-cations masts or fire towers androtate a full 360 degrees every fourto eight minutes, with the sensorcapturing three images in every tendegrees slice of the rotation – a totalof 108 images for each rotation. Acombination of 36 images is formedinto a panoramic view. This is fedback to the central system in aremote control room, and each con-trol room workstation controller canmonitor up to six towers, covering apotential area of more than 15,000square kilometres for each six-sensorworkstation, although this dependson the topography of the area beingcovered.

Each of these sensors has a detec-tion range of between 50 kilometresand 60 kilometres – depending upontopography – with a visual fieldresolution of 1280 by 1024 pixel

CCD (Charged-coupled Device) depending on thelens configuration. Significantly, the system doesnot need to see flames before it raises an alert.The sensor works by detecting the differencebetween 16,384 shades of the colour grey, andhas a number of sophisticated mathematical algo-rithms that can discern the unique characteristicsof smoke. This means that, in many instances, itcan differentiate between bushfire smoke, fog,cloud or mist.

Once bushfire smoke has been detected thesystem alerts the control room, where furtheranalysis by experienced fire fighters, forestry pro-fessionals or fire spotters can determine if the alertis a fire of concern. This analysis minimises thechance of a false alarm being sent to the authori-ties that would lead to the misallocation of scarcefirefighting resources, wasting time and money.

Using embedded GPS mapping, the sensor hasthe ability to pinpoint the exact location via topo-graphical data, authorities are given the preciselocation of the fire and can promptly deploy theright resources. The information from the sensoralso provides vital information about the size ofthe fire, how fast it is moving and the direction inwhich it is travelling. This is achieved by using aselection of meteorological information as well asthe skills and field experience of the fire spotters,volunteer firefighters or forestry professionalsoperating the system. Depending upon userrequirements and data availability, the FireWatchsystem can also provide firefighters withtemperature, wind speed and direction, humidityand vegetation-related information

Day and night surveillanceFireWatch sensors operate in real time, 24 hours aday, every day of the year.

The optical sensor incorporates enhancedspectral sensitivity with near-infrared (NIR) sensingcapabilities. This permits detection across a widerange of visible light wavelength (480nm to1200nm) day or night. This is far superior to thatof the human eye/CCTV that has a range of only400nm to 750nm. APF


BUSHFIRES – A VISION OF THE FUTUREDETECTION

David Goodrich isManaging Director ofFireWatch Australia

For more information go towww.firewatchaustralia.com.au

A new model developed by

scientists at NASA’s Goddard

Institute for Space Studies is

predicting large increases

in bushfire activity in India

and Australia.

P. 39-40 Bushfire 9/12/10 3:44 pm Page 40


Coltri Asia Pacific Co., Ltd.Free Zone at 304 Industrial Park 2 No. 94/5 , Moo. 3 , T. Khao Hin Sorn - A .Phanomsarakarm , Chachoengsao 24120 ThailandTel: + 66 38 855 103 to 5 Fax: + 66 38 855 106 mobile +66 81 8913937c.benelli@aerotecnicacoltriasiapacific.comwww.aerotecnicacoltriasiapacific.com

PURE BREATHING COMPRESSED AIR DEPENDABLE TECHNOLOGY

MCH 30 SILENT WITH DRIER500 Lt/min - 18 CFM, Fully automated, Stationary filling station,The refrigerated air drier extends filtration media lifespan 6 times

MCH 16 SHMINI TECH INOX265 Lt/min - 9.5 CFM, Light weight, Highly reliable, Portable station, Marine grade, Stainless steel frame, Also available with diesel and electric drive

MCH 6 SH Ultraportable 100 Lt/min - 3.5 CFM, Small compressor only 37 Kg, Also available with single and triphase 3 Kw electric drive

P. 41 ads 9/12/10 3:46 pm Page 41


Bristol - A global force in firefighter protection

StructuralIntroduction - Technical Urban Search And Rescue (USAR) Wildland Firefighting Garments Marine / Aluminised Firefighting Garments

Compatible PPE and Rescue Tools Emergency Services Integrated Clothing Project (ICP) Ergoflex System

BAUER COMPRESSORS ASIA PTE LTD2 Penjuru Place, #01-05 Penjuru Tech Hub,

608783 Singapore

Tel: +(65) 6271 6271 Fax: +(65) 6272 3345

http://www.bauergroup.com

Email: [email protected]

Mini Verticus III Series

The most advanced

compact unit

system used in Fire

Stations and

Vehicles. The

system can deliver

air up to 250l/min

and can be

upgraded to fully

automatic with

refrigeration dryer

Air-Kool system,

external filling panel

as well as storage

cylinders can be

easily fitted.

ContainmentFill Stations –Stationary andMobile

BAUER offers only

independently

tested

Containment

Fill Stations

which were

found to

protect the

operator from

overpressure and

fragmentation per

NFPA 1901.

BAUER Pure Air

As market and technology leader in the

field of breathing air production,

BAUER is fully aware of her

responsibilities and therefore started a

worldwide information and quality

campaign for a quality seal for pure and

safe breathing air according to DIN EN 12021 which is in

cooperation with TÜV.

P. 42 ads 9/12/10 3:48 pm Page 42

CBRN


CBRN is an initialisation of chemical, bio-logical, radiological and nuclear that iscommonly used worldwide to refer to inci-

dents or weapons in which any or all of these fourhazards may be present. The term has its origins inthe Cold War, when the risk was called NBC andstood for nuclear, biological, and chemical. This, inturn replaced the term ABC or atomic, biological,and chemical threat that was used in the 1950s.The “R”, for radiological, reflects the newer threatof a radiological weapon – sometimes called the“poor man’s atomic bomb”. Since the start of thenew millennium, a new term – CBRNe – hasbegun to be adopted, with the “e” representingthe enhanced, improvised explosives threat. How-ever, these are more often aimed at causing massdisruption rather than mass destruction.

Personal protectionPersonal protection equipment (PPE) for thoseresponding to a CBRN emergency must be uncom-promisingly effective if the emergency and its

aftermath are to be handled without the respon-ders being put at considerable risk.

While speed is obviously essential and the PPEneeds to be easily accessible and quick to put on,having a comprehensive range available to suit allpossible CBRN threats is equally important. It mustprovide the maximum protection, be lightweight,easy to move in and cause the least amount ofphysical stress when in use; it is also essential thatfirst responders are familiar with the equipmentthat is available to them; training is, therefore,imperative.

Protective clothingThe first-responder to a CBRN incident must befitted out with a complete set of personal protec-tion equipment that meets the required levels ofcomfort and protection. This includes protectiveclothing, helmets, goggles, and any other garmentor items designed to protect the responder againstchemical permeation, heat, infection, electricalhazards, abrasion and impacts.

CBRN – ProtectingThe ProtectorCBRN attack, in whatever form it takes, is a very real and potentially catastrophicthreat that affects every corner of the world. Meeting the challenge puts lives atrisk; lives that need the best available resources and protection.By Graham Collins

P. 43-44 CBRN 9/12/10 3:49 pm Page 43

Protective suitsThe use of fully encapsulated gas-tight, chemical-protective suits is standard for monitoring andinspecting CBRN incidents, as well as mountingrescue, containment or clean-up operations. Theyare available as either limited-life or reusable suits,in single-skin or multi-layer designs and, depend-ing on the particular manufacturer, have a numberof key features. These include built-in respirators,drinking tubes to enable user hydration withoutbreaking the suit’s protective seal, and varyingusable-life characteristics.

Single-skin suites have the benefit of weighingless than multi-layer suites; around 3.5 kilogramslighter is one quoted weight reduction. This may notseem a considerable amount, but responders can becarrying anything up to 18 kilograms of equipment!They are also regarded as providing the responderwith greater mobility, allowing the wearer greatermanoeuvrability of hands, arms, and body.

The importance of material selection wasdemonstrated with the launching of a new suiteby one of the leading PPE clothing manufacturers,Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics. The newsingle-skin design ONESuit Pro is a limited-lifechemical-protective gas-tight suit that offers fire,chemical, military and industrial organisationscertified protection against chemical and biologicalagents. Customised versions for industrial, emer-gency team and chemical, biological, radiological,and nuclear situations are available. They arecertified to both EN 943-1 and EN 943-2, thehighest level of certification recognised in both the EU and Asia.

The suits exceed significantly the requirementsfor tensile strength, flex-cracking and punctureresistance. Along with EN certification, the ONESuit Pro line is certified to both NFPA 1991and NFPA 1994

The patent-pending CoreTech Barrier Mem-brane technology enables the lightweight – under5 kilograms – suits to protect against chemical andbiological agents in both liquid and vapour formand offers superior flame resistance.

Protective undergarmentsChemical protective undergarments (CPU) providea level of protection against a range of potentiallyhazardous chemical and biological agents. Typicallythey comprise a long-sleeve jacket, trousers,booties, gloves and balaclava and significantlyreduce heat stress, provide outstanding vapourand aerosol protection, and enhance flash fireprotection.

Protective over-bootsThese come in a number of variants, includingchemical resistant, dielectric insulating, electricalresistant, anti-static, and boots specially designedto be worn with disposable protective suits.

Protective glovesDexterity is the essential characteristic of protectivegloves. Some traditional multi-layer gloves havebeen criticised for limiting hand and finger move-ment. They have also been shown to have atendency to invert when removing the hand,making speedy replacement of the hand into theprotective glove a near impossibility. Single-piecegloves overcome these challenges.

Over-gloves may be worn over chemical

protective gloves to provide an enhanced level of cutresistance and improved hot and cold insulation.

Protective equipmentRespiratory protective equipmentThere are many types of respiratory protectiveequipment (RPE) on the market, making selectingthe correct type a complicated business. However,making the right choice is essential as differenttypes of RPE give protection against only specifictypes of chemicals.

There are two main types. The first is APR andPAPR respirators that filter substances from theambient air (negative-pressure air purifying respira-tors and powered air purifying respirators). Themost efficient particle filters are also the hardest tobreathe through, and as a result are uncomfort-able and tiring to wear, a challenge overcome inthe powered variant. The second type of respiratoris SCBA equipment that supplies clean air to the responder (positive-pressure, self-containedbreathing apparatus).

Equipment offering both are now available thatprovide the responder with the ability to switchbetween APR protection and SCBA protection,enabling them to maximise their time on theincident site.

Communications equipmentEffective communication significantly improvesCBRN incident command and control and vastlyimproves responder safety.

An electronic voice amplifier can be integratedwith some respiratory masks that improves theclarity of speech and the distance a voice will carrywhen the responder is wearing a mask. Communi-cations systems are also available that combinevoice amplification and two-way radio interface toprovide clear, crisp voice transmission and recep-tion. The voice amplification element can be usedindependently by uncoupling a quick-disconnectto the radio interface cable.

Other communications equipment options onthe market include hands-free devices and wirelessperson-to-person communication devices.

No compromiseRecently, members of the USA’s bi-partisan Com-mission on the Prevention of WMD (Weapons ofMass Destruction) Proliferation and Terrorismconcluded a study and released a report statingthat: “…the world can expect a terrorist attackbased on nuclear or biological materials by theyear 2013.” The report went on to state that theweapon of choice will most likely be biological,and cites direct evidence that terrorists are seekingWMDs. It is doubtful that current procedures andtechnologies such as checkpoint screening tech-niques will be effective in preventing or mitigatingthe effects of the use of CBRN weapons. The U.S.Department of Homeland Security has recognisedthis vulnerability and listed CBRN security as a highpriority for U.S. infrastructure protection.

But is not just the USA that is threatened; weare all at risk. So, protection against potentialterrorist attacks and other serious threats remainsan enduring need, consequently the purchase ofCBRN personal protection equipment is not a timeto cut corners. Lives are at risk and, in the mostserious incidents, the very fabric of a society maybe under attack. APF


CBRN – PROTECTING THE PROTECTORCBRN

P. 43-44 CBRN 9/12/10 3:49 pm Page 44


BLÜCHER GmbH+49 211 9244 0 phone+49 211 9244 211 [email protected]

BLUECHER UK Ltd.+44 1507 451 443 [email protected]

BLÜCHER SYSTEMS GmbH+49 2153 9540 0 phone+49 2153 9540 70 [email protected]

FULL SPECTRUM PROTECTIONWE GO BEYOND

P. 45 ads 9/12/10 3:49 pm Page 45

Unifire w/p 18/5/06 5:07 pm Page 1

TUNNEL FIRESFire and rescue service atthe Southern Linktunnel in Stockholm


SP Technical Research Institute of Swedensuggest a tunnel classification system thattakes account of the time taken for the rescue

services to reach the site, possible incident scenar-ios, the type of tunnel and the traffic situation.This classification system can provide importantassistance to road authorities when holdingdiscussions with fire and rescue services before thetunnel is constructed.

The serious tunnel fires that have occurred inEurope and in other parts of the world havefocused attention on the problems that the fireand rescue services face when tackling fires inroad tunnels. They need to be capable of adjustingtheir response to suit different conditions,although very little research has been conductedto date in this area, even though it is widelyaccepted that this is an important safety area, notjust for the fire and rescue services but also fortunnel users, tunnel operators and tunnel owners.

Assessing the risksWe started by studying real incidents in roadtunnels. From this we could identify four incidentscenarios, depending on whether the fire hadstarted in an individual vehicle, or as a con-sequence of a collision between vehicles. It wasclear that the risk of a large, extensive fire wasconsiderably greater if it was a result of a collision.

The types of vehicles involved were also foundto be significant. For each incident scenario, wedeveloped different potential heat release ratecurves. The reason for distinguishing betweenincident scenarios and fire scenarios is that thereare several different parameters that determinewhich fire scenario is the most likely. These scenar-ios will be used as input data for assessing therisks and opportunities for tackling fires anyparticular tunnel concerned.

Tunnels in which there is a substantial risk of acatastrophic fire require more comprehensive

By Professor Haukur Ingason

SP Technical ResearchInstitute of Sweden

Tunnel Fire Safety– Assessing The Risk Fires in road tunnels can be very serious and difficult to fight. In addition to thenecessary resources, there must also be proper incident planning. SP TechnicalResearch Institute of Sweden has carried out an investigation into how bestthese problems can be solved.

P. 47-50 Tunnels 9/12/10 3:50 pm Page 47

countermeasures in order to reduce the risks ofserious consequences. This can be done both bytaking steps to reduce the risks of an accident, orby limiting the consequences of a fire throughappropriate planning, tactics, resources or physicalinstallations/services.

The basic needsWe have focused on several key elements foreffective firefighting operations in road tunnels,and examined and discussed various environmentsto give a general idea of how to improve theplanning of firefighting in road tunnels. Forexample no two tunnels have the exact samegeometry, traffic flow or technical fire safety stan-dards; every tunnel has its own geographic orenvironmental characteristics.

It is the responsibility of the local fire and rescueservices to develop specific operational procedures

for each tunnel. The information and fire opera-tional proposals presented in this study canprovide better ideas for setting up the fire andrescue plans as a support for tactical procedures.We find that the following list can facilitate theplanning of the operational procedures issues thatshould be considered and solve – whereverpossible – prior to an incident:

Apparatus and equipment● Breathing apparatus: What types and what

capacity is necessary for firefighting and rescueworks?

● Nozzle type: What types of nozzles – jet or spray– should be employed for each operation?

● Optimum pressure and volume per minute ofdischarging water?

● What extinguishing agent is effective for fires intunnels, for instance, water or foam?

Firefighting personnel● Staffing of the first response units and, if

necessary, rescue teams.● Staffing of supporting units, such as ventilation

and water-supply units.

Water supply● How much water is required to extinguish

different types of fires?● How can an adequate water supply be

obtained?● How can the required water be relayed to the

fire site?


TUNNEL FIRES

So fire risks can leave you cold.SecuriFire – the redundant modular fire detection system with SpiderNet technology

Securiton AG, Alarm and Security Systemswww.securiton.com, [email protected]

A company of the Swiss Securitas Group

The reason for distinguishing

between incident scenarios

and fire scenarios is that there

are several different

parameters that determine

which fire scenario is the

most likely.

P. 47-50 Tunnels 9/12/10 3:50 pm Page 48

Location of fire and rescue services● Organisation of first response teams at each

portal.● Distance between public fire service and the

both ends of the tunnels.

Tactical positioning● The position of the first and later arriving fire

units.● Hose placement of initial and back-up lines.

Some of the considerations above are not wellstudied, so more research is needed on theseissues. However, our aim is to inspire fire authori-ties to pay more attention to the various issuesregarding firefighting and rescue operations inroad tunnels, and highlight the need for moreeffort to be put into solving presently unsolvedproblems.

For example, it seems odd that when a riskanalysis at the design stage of a new tunnel iscarried out, considerations on the response capaci-ties of the local fire and rescue services, such asdistance between fire stations and the tunnel, andthe number of firefighters and fire engines avail-able, are not included in the risk analysis process.

Fire service capabilityAn important question is how large a fire can thefire and rescue services deal with in tunnels, as theresponse time is an important aspect when consid-ering possible capacity. In our study the responsetime of average-sized fire service units, and themaximum intervention time for various scenariosof fires, are given in order to determine thesubsequent operations. It was found that anaverage-sized fire service unit manages to control

a fire that starts in an HGV but does not involve a trailer loaded with combustible materials. It can manage fires that are in the range of 20 to 30 MW when the active firefighting operationstarts fast enough. This implies that a fireoccurring in passenger cars, buses or both can be managed by the first fire service units arriving.

Very little information is available to try to give a maximum intervention time, and there is still aneed for more research on this topic. However,

based on the very limited information available, itis argued that collision fires should be fought withinseven minutes and single fires should be tackledsomewhere between 13 and 20 minutes in orderto ensure control of the initial fire. Depending ontwo criteria – that is the response time limit andmaximum response time – appropriate strategiesshould be selected that determine other opera-tional procedures such as access routes and thedirection of air flow from ventilation systems.

New classification methodThe proposed classification model is based on fourparameters: passage of an HGV and vehiclescarrying dangerous goods; type of tunnel; risk ofcongestion; and response time, where theresponse time is the most crucial parameter forfirefighting and rescue operations. Depending onthe classification we come up with the followingfour classes (I, II, III, IV). The classification model


TUNNEL FIRE SAFETY – ASSESSING THE RISK TUNNEL FIRES

www.supervac.comTel: +970 667 5146

Super Vac SVU Blows Up a 425,000 cmh Windstorm!

The Super Vac SVU is useful in situations where a district includes large retail outlets, warehouses, public sites, tunnels, or airports. It can easily mount on trailers, skids, or trucks. Optional features include, lift,tilt, rotation, water misting and lighting. Contact your dealer for more details on“The Most Powerful PPV Available”

Our aim is to inspire fire

authorities to pay more

attention to the various issues

regarding firefighting and

rescue operations in

road tunnels.

Very little information is

available to try to give a

maximum intervention time,

and there is still a need for

more research on this topic.

P. 47-50 Tunnels 9/12/10 3:50 pm Page 49

has been put into a flow chart, which indicates thebasics of the classification system.

Briefly, the classes are as follows:

Class I: The passage of HGV and flammablevehicles carrying dangerous goods isrestricted. In terms of fire spread, there islittle risk. The tunnels are regarded asthe safest tunnels.

Class II: The uni-directional tunnels that are with-in eight minutes of the fire stations orwhere fixed fire suppression systems,such as sprinkler are installed. All typesof fires may be brought under controleither by the fire brigades or fixed firesuppression systems.

Class III: The uni-directional tunnels. The Firebrigade may be able to extinguish slow-developed fires.

Class IV: Tunnels that are congested or bi-directional. The possibilities of single fireor collision fires and fire spreads areexpected to be significantly high.

As can be seen from the description, the choiceof class depends on the type of traffic (largevehicles, types of loads, queue formation), the

type of tunnel (uni-directional or bi-directionaltraffic), the physical equipment installed in thetunnel (sprinklers and ventilation), the time takenfor the fire and rescue services to reach the site,possible accident scenarios and fire scenarios. Allthese factors are considered in order to decide theclass to which the tunnel belongs.

The lowest risk class presupposes that the fireand rescue services are capable of tackling alltypes of fires. Installation of a sprinkler system canaffect the class rating of the tunnel. Tunnel ownersand fire and rescue services can use the classi-fication system in their discussions to selectappropriate physical safety systems and to makeassessments concerning the necessary responsetimes and strategies.

In conclusionIt should be noted that the study has focused onfire and rescue services and outlines the potentialrisk levels that each road tunnel may have. Thestudy may assist fire authorities or stakeholders todevelop countermeasures to compensate for anypotential danger. It is hoped that more advancedparameters can be developed that represent thecontribution of the fire and rescue work to the riskevaluation, and that they are included into thefuture risk analysis process. APF


Flow chart forclassification models ofroad tunnels

TUNNEL FIRE SAFETY – ASSESSING THE RISKTUNNEL FIRES

Professor Haukur Ingasonis at SP Technical ResearchInstitute of Sweden,Department of FireTechnology

Authors to the SP reportentitled: Effective FirefightingOperations in Road Tunnels2010:10, were Hak Kuen Kim,of the South, AndersLönnermark fire and rescueservices in and HaukurIngason

For more information go towww.sp.se

Start

Class I

Class IIClass III

Class IV

No

No

< 8 min > 20 min

8–20 min

Yes

Yes

Uni-directional

Bi-directional

HGV passage

Type

Congestion

Response time

P. 47-50 Tunnels 9/12/10 3:50 pm Page 50

Firetrace INTERNATINALv6-FSWORLD AD | bleed: 303mmx216mm trim: 296mm x 210mm live: 276mm x 194mm

DETECTION


There is little doubt that, where sophisticatedfacility-wide fire detection and alarm systemshave been installed that are appropriate to

the facility being protected, the result has invari-ably been faster response, speedier firefighting,reduced collateral damage and fewer casualties.

While these outcomes are wholly commend-able, they may have little or nothing to do withthe affected businesses ability to continue tradingat full capacity. After all, the primary concern ofthe owner or operator of any asset is whether thebusiness can continue to operate after a fire. Inthis context, what may be far more important isprecisely what has been destroyed rather thanhow much of the facility has been damaged.

Consider a couple of examples. A major fire at amanufacturing facility may destroy raw materialsor damage finished inventory, but these may berelatively quickly replenished, compared with theloss of production machinery that may take many

months to replace. Conversely, a comparativelyminor fire involving telecom equipment in a bankor insurance company’s call centre can cost theorganisation millions of dollars in a very shortspace of time.

Thinking this way is something of a change ofmindset that, in part at least, has been broughtabout by more thought being given to fire strategythan was once the case. As more and more detec-tion and alarm options came onto the marketoffering previously unavailable accuracy and relia-bility, “total” detection and alarm solutions grewin their appeal. Achieving blanket detection andalarm across a facility was seen as the ultimateprotection; a belief that, understandably, thosecompanies manufacturing and installing suchsystems were only too happy encourage.

Recently though many leading fire engineershave adopted a more strategic approach to firesafety; a move that was undoubtedly encouraged

By Scott Starr

Firetrace International

Protect WhatReally CountsYou do not have to lose the entire building to fire to destroy a business, losingjust the business critical assets is enough to do that. So, think “business critical”first when making detection and suppression decisions.

P. 53-55 Protect 9/12/10 3:51 pm Page 53

by the growing number of buildings where thescience of fire engineering has been used in placeof prescriptive measures. This approach is riskassessment led and has brought about a muchwider appreciation that, while some assets or partsof a building may present no greater fire risk thanother areas, the business continuity implications oftheir loss or damage demands that they are givencloser and greater attention.

The total coverage mythAdvocates of total facility-wide solutions argue, ofcourse, that their systems cover all risks and areas,so are already protecting the business criticalassets. Frequently this is simply not the case.

The reality is that the majority of business criti-cal assets are, for one reason or another, housedin some form of micro-enclosure. This may be forsecurity to stop accidental or malicious tampering,to provide an atmospherically controlled environ-ment, to ensure protection from damage, to stoppeople coming into contact with the equipmentand being injured, or merely because the assetneeds to be “contained”. This means that theseassets are effectively denied the protection offeredby facility-wide detection and, hence, any prospectof swift suppression.

It makes little difference what facility-widedetection system is used; the result will be muchthe same, whether it is conventional heat, smokeor flame detectors – including the latest combina-tion sensors and detectors – beam detection,aspirating smoke detection or video smoke detec-tion. The problem for all of these systems is that,by the time the required initiator of the alarm, beit smoke, flames or heat, has escaped from theenclosure and reached the sensor or the detector’sline-of-sight, the asset within the enclosure willhave already been seriously damaged or destroyed.

Two conclusions can reasonably be drawn fromthis. The first is that such assets require dedicated

protection that is positioned within the asset’senclosure. The second is that it is equally importantthat suppression is also housed in the enclosure.

What is a business critical asset?What is considered to be a critical asset to oneorganisation may well be easily replaceable byanother, or the asset in question may well be repli-cated elsewhere in the building or off site and“switch-over” may take only a matter of minutesor hours. So, the acid test is to ask the question:“Can the business continue to operate at anacceptable level if we lose this asset?”. If theanswer is “no”, you have identified a businesscritical asset.

Of course, the terms “business critical” and“mission critical” are sometimes used as thoughthey are one and the same thing. This is notalways the case. An asset may be lost to fire thatwill not jeopardise the survival of the business, butit may seriously impair the organisation’s ability toadhere to its mission statement and provide thelevel of service that customers have been promisedor have come to expect. So, a second questionthat should be asked is: “Will the loss of this assetdiminish the service our customers expect toreceive?”. If the answer is “yes”, the asset ismission critical and, arguably, should be given thesame dedicated protection as the organisation’sbusiness critical assets.

While a business critical register is organisationspecific, the following list does indicate that fewoperations are without business critical assets ofone form or another. This list is by no meansexhaustive:● Telecommunications and IT-based organisations

– server cabinets.● Heavy off-road equipment operators – engine

and generator compartments.● Bus and coach operators – engine and generator

compartments.


DETECTION

P. 53-55 Protect 9/12/10 3:51 pm Page 54

● Railway companies – control and electricalpanels and distribution equipment.

● Airport operators – electrical cabinets andenclosures.

● Manufacturing companies – CNC machines andelectrical and control cabinets.

● Pharmaceutical manufacturers – fume hoodsand hazardous material storage.

● Oil and gas operations – control and communi-cations enclosures.

● Electricity, water and gas utilities – electricalcontrol panels.

● Wind farm operators – electrical, control, andtransmission enclosures.

● Research organisations – fume hoods andhazardous material storage.

● Process industries – machines and electricalcontrol enclosures.

● Mining and extraction – pumps and electricalcabinets.

Selecting the right protectionThe essential characteristics of an effective micro-enclosure fire detection and suppression systemare that it should:1 Deliver around-the-clock reliability and 24/7

unsupervised protection of the enclosure.2 Combine detection and suppression in a single

package.3 Detect and suppress a fire with unerring

reliability, precisely where it breaks out (withinthe enclosure) and before it takes hold orspreads.

4 Ensure an absence of false alarms.5 Do no damage to the very asset it is installed

to protect. 6 Be supplied with a suppression agent that is

wholly appropriate to the fire risk and theasset being protected.

In many applications, the solution should also:7 Contend with vibration, dust, debris and

airflow.8 Contend with extreme temperature variations.9 Require no external power and be intrinsically

safe.10 Be capable of being retrofitted to existing

assets.The solution should also, of course, have a

proven track record, comply with the appropriateinternational standards and be listed or approvedby such independent accreditation organisationsas UL (Underwriters Laboratories) and FM (FactoryMutual).

The devil is in the detailTake a close look at this list of essential charac-teristics and it soon becomes apparent that fewsystems come close to meeting all of the require-ments. The list also highlights areas where extraspecial care is necessary. Take, for example, theneed for the suppression agent to be whollyappropriate to the fire risk and the asset beingprotected.

For many applications the appropriate choice is a clean suppression agent such as3M™Novec™1230 Fire Protection Fluid that,when discharged, transmutes into a colourless andodourless gas. It has a negligible impact on theenvironment and has insignificant global warmingpotential. Significantly, it does not damage sensi-tive electronic, communications or IT equipment

and leaves no residue requiring clean-up afterdischarge.

However, although effective for a wide range ofapplications, Novec 1230 is not necessarily themost appropriate agent in every case. ABC drychemical agents, CO2 (carbon dioxide) and AFFF(Aqueous Film Forming Foam) concentrates areother widely used business critical asset application-specific suppression agents.

Integrated detection and suppressionThis need to carefully select the right suppressionagent, and satisfy the other nine characteristicslisted earlier has led to one solution being used in more than 150,000 applications around theworld. It is the only UL listed and FM approvedlinear pneumatic system in the world that is testedas an automatic fire detection and suppressionsystem.

FIRETRACE® from Firetrace International is aself-contained system that requires neither electric-ity nor external power; a solution that is activatedautomatically around-the-clock without the needfor manual activation or monitoring. It requiresvirtually no maintenance, and is an intrinsicallysafe solution as it does not contain any com-ponents that produce sparks or which can holdenough energy to produce a spark of sufficientenergy to cause an ignition.

It comprises a cylinder that is valve-attached toproprietary Firetrace Detection Tubing; technically-advanced, leak-resistant polymer tubing that is alinear pneumatic heat and flame detectordesigned to deliver the desired temperature-sensitive detection and delivery characteristics.

The tubing is routed throughout the areas to beprotected and, when exposed to heat and radiantenergy from a fire, it ruptures and instantly directsthe suppression agent at the source of the fire.The only thing that will rupture the tube is heat or flame from a fire, so there is no prospect offalse alarms; yet, if a fire breaks out in theenclosure, the response is unerringly immediateand accurately targeted. APF


PROTECT WHAT REALLY COUNTS DETECTION

Scott Starr is Director ofGlobal Marketing at FiretraceInternational

For more information go towww.firetrace.com

P. 53-55 Protect 9/12/10 3:51 pm Page 55

ALARMS


Some years ago, a survey found that, in theevent of a fire, only 13 percent of peopleresponded to a bell warning: by contrast, 45

percent reacted to a written text message displayand some 75 percent to a spoken message.

The results of this earlier study may not perhapsbe very surprising. However, as the latest researchundertaken on behalf of Notifier has confirmed,the overwhelming majority of the general publicand industry specialists alike believe that over thepast five years the world around us has sincebecome even noisier.

And this is especially worrying, as the newresearch also identified that fewer than ten per-cent of the general public always think about howto get out of a building, whether or not they use itregularly. In the event of a fire alarm, a commonresponse is first to assume that it is a false alarmand then “follow other people around me” ratherthan adhere to the safety instructions.

Bells and sounders can only provide a warningthat there is some kind of emergency, but it is notalways obvious what kind of emergency it is. Bycontrast, a clear spoken message and a VA/PAsystem provide the information needed to direct thepublic or employees away from danger and out ofthe building in the most efficient way possible.

Fighting to be heardThe recent surveys, which enabled a comparisonof the views of fire safety professionals attending a

Construction CPD seminar with those of thegeneral public, found some interesting similaritiesin how each group would react in an emergencysituation. The overwhelming majority of the public(86 percent) and industry specialists (74 percent)believe that the world is a noisier place than fiveyears ago.

Yet this is taking some time to feed through toexpectations regarding the provision of appropriatefire safety messaging. In the event of a fire alarm,89 percent of the public, and 77 percent of indus-try experts expect to hear a bell or other audiblesounder, with only 12 percent and 20 percentrespectively anticipating a standard or moredetailed kind of loudspeaker announcement. Yetwell over half (57 percent) of the public are alreadycertain that they would respond more quickly to avoice alarm in evacuating a building, with a further32 percent as yet not sure how they would react.

This lack of directional information is critical, asonly six percent of the public always think abouthow to get out a building in an emergency inwhich they are regular occupants and only threepercent in those buildings where they are occa-sional visitors. Equally worryingly, two-thirds rarely,if at all, think about evacuation procedures asregular occupants. This rises to almost 90 percentin buildings they use infrequently.

Although professionally more aware of therisks, more than 40 per cent of industry expertsalso rarely or never think about how to get out

By Rick Love

Notifier by Honeywell

The GrowingRole Of Voice InFire SafetyResearch shows that more people respond to spoken message alarms than eitheralarm bells or text messages.

P. 57-59 Voice 9/12/10 3:51 pm Page 57

of any building, whether or not they use suchfacilities regularly.

In the event of a fire alarm, 40 percent of thepublic (and 26 percent of industry experts) wouldinstinctively follow the people around them andonly 29 percent would use the nearest exit. In thecase of both the public and industry experts, morethan one quarter (26 percent) would assume it is afalse alarm until advised otherwise.

As a result, it has become more important thanever to ensure that staff, residents and visitorsalike are able to respond quickly and correctly to afire warning. In response, sophisticated and intu-itive voice alarm systems have evolved to form akey part of comprehensive fire detection and

alarm systems, designed for complex environmentsin which individuals will respond to warnings indifferent ways.

These integrated solutions benefit both buildingusers and firefighters called to deal with the emer-gency, as they are able easily to take over theVoice Alarm/Public Address (VA/PA) system tobroadcast individualised messages, in order toensure a rapid yet controlled evacuation from anypart of the premises at risk.

An integrated responseIn the 1980s, early voice alarm systems in the UKand Europe were typically message generatorsbolted onto an existing PA system, with a simpletrigger mechanism from the fire alarm to play apre-set message over the loudspeakers.

However, over the past two decades its capabil-ity has been extended, replacing earlier soundercircuits with the development of an integrated andmonitored VA/PA approach. This enables messag-ing such as paging, information announcements,advertisements and the provision of backgroundmusic in public access areas such as shopping cen-tres, railway stations and sports stadia. It maximis-es the value of their investment and providescustomers and visitors with a more comprehensiveservice and in the safest possible environment.

Technical developments, especially in the areaof digital signal processing, have made it mucheasier to manage VA/PA systems. PC-controlledsite-configurable routing and set-ups havereplaced the costly and high-maintenance hardwiring and relays previously required and theresulting audio quality is also much improved.

Today’s advanced VA/PA solutions are muchmore cost-effective in that they require feweramplifiers. They are much easier for operators touse, as the microphone stations use the latestLCD-type screen technology to direct and controlannouncements. For larger implementations, the


ALARMS

P. 57-59 Voice 9/12/10 3:51 pm Page 58

best network systems can carry up to 32 audiochannels on a fibre channel interface up to twokilometres between stations. This means that asingle integrated VA/PA system managing multiplechannels of music, general announcements andfire safety information makes it easy to managelarge multi-purpose premises and public arenas.

Continuous developmentWith the emergence of voice over IP (VoIP)networks, work is also underway to enhance theability to link multiple buildings together acrosslarge sites in an integrated, cost effective andeasy-to-use VA/PA solution. This forms part of abroader drive towards greater networkability,designed to improve system implementation andmaintenance and ensure greater security in linkinglocations with a single integrated solution.

However, an area of historic concern that isreceiving much attention is that of intelligibility, asthere is no point in having a VA/PA system inwhich messages being transmitted cannot beunderstood. The reason for this problem is thatthe sound that is sent from a traditional speaker isessentially undirected. As a result, it bounces offthe floor, walls and is reflected off other surfaces,each of which reaches the ear at slightly differenttimes, so leading to aural confusion.

Speaker technology has remained essentiallyunchanged for many decades. However, “intelli-gent” speakers are now available to meetspecialist applications such as large facilities withacoustic problems, including noisy railway stationsor swimming pools. The intelligent line arrayspeaker, for example, is a tall column which splitsthe sound beam in three different lobes. From asingle speaker therefore, it has become possible todirect the sound where required with realprecision. Such solutions are also cost-effective.For though an individual line array speaker is moreexpensive, fewer are required within an installationdue to their more targeted performance. This alsoimpacts positively on the cost of installation andon-going maintenance.

Regulatory changesOne area of fire safety regulation likely to besubject to change in the near future is that of visualalarm devices under EN54 Part 23, anticipated tocome into effect in the next two to three years. Aswith the UK’s Equality Act, October 2010, thedriver here is to protect those who cannot hear asounder or alarm or who work in areas wherethere are significant ambient noise levels such asworkshops or manufacturing environments.

In line with the current US standards – which,for example, require lights in a hotel environmentto be bright enough to wake people from a lightsleep – the impending regulation will determine

how bright visual devices should be.This presents amajor technical challenge in getting sufficientpower to the device and may promote a change ofthinking. Instead of looking simply at improve-ments to the light or sound-based warning device,with improvements in wireless technology, analternative may lie in the direction of personalalarm devices such as pager or vibrator solutions.

Other compliance demandsThough awareness as to the importance of voice isgrowing, the uptake of such products is still rela-tively slow. VA/PA solutions are principally usedonly as directed by the fire authority, or where theprovision of a PA system to meet other needsmakes the incremental cost significantly lowerthan where a simple upgrade from sounders isbeing considered.

Having said that, though budgets may be underextreme pressure, compliance demands haveincreased in requiring safe and environmentally-friendly public venues. As a result, almost withoutexception today in buildings requiring phasedevacuation, any fire safety solution is likely toinclude an element of voice as part of a compre-hensive detection and response strategy.

And, as the Notifier survey confirmed, most ofthe public are certain that they would respondmore quickly to a voice alarm in evacuating abuilding, so endorsing the effectiveness of thisapproach to enabling faster, safer evacuation.

On a day-to-day basis, the latest VA/PA solutionsoperate just like an advanced PA system. Individualmicrophones with touch screen displays allow thebroadcasting of background music and announce-ments. However, in an emergency the system willreact, delivering spoken messages appropriate tothe event and the occupants of each location with-in the premises. For situations that demand morespecific responses, an emergency microphone canbe controlled simply and easily.

The life safety industry continues to place a highdevelopment priority on the addition of voice to itsarmoury of fire detection and response solutions.As a result, from a technology viewpoint this is nolonger a mysterious “dark art”, as cost-effectiveVA/PA solutions are now available which enhancethe user experience, in providing a wide range ofsafety and other information messages. APF


THE GROWING ROLE OF VOICE IN FIRE SAFETY ALARMS

Rick Love is Senior ProductManager, Notifier byHoneywell

For more information go towww.notifier.com

The life safety industry

continues to place a high

development priority on the

addition of voice to its

armoury of fire detection and

response solutions.

P. 57-59 Voice 9/12/10 3:51 pm Page 59

The driver of the tanker truck does not knowthat he is heading for disaster. He is unawarethat the braking system on one of his rear

wheels is blocking and beginning to glow red hot.There is a tunnel coming – in three kilometres –but the potential catastrophe does not have achance to unfold thanks to newly developed safe-ty systems that have already detected the rollingtime-bomb and triggered an alarm in the tunneloperator’s control centre. Here, staff switch thelights at the tunnel entrance to red, and flashinghazard signs redirect the driver in order to defusethe dangerous situation.

This scenario is still a future vision. Nevertheless,a research project known as SKRIBT – a Germanacronym for Protection of Critical Bridges andTunnels on Roads – which is being conducted byscientists at Siemens Corporate Technology (CT)and its Mobility Division, is moving closer tomaking this vision a reality.

Ten partners from government agencies, indus-try and research institutes are participating in athree-year project, which is being funded by theGerman Ministry of Education and Research. Theaim is to make critical road segments safer.“Tunnels and bridges are the most importantcomponents of the road network,” says Dr. FrankHeimbecher, project coordinator at Germany’sFederal Highway Research Institute, which initiatedthe SKRIBT project. “If they get damaged, theconsequences can be economically devastating.”

Most major accidents in tunnels involve defectivetrucks in which tires blow, brakes overheat, orengines fail in a manner that triggers a fire. That iswhy Alla Heidenreich, infrastructure project managerat Siemens CT, has been working with her teamsince 2008 on two safety systems that can identifydefective trucks and those transporting hazardousmaterials, before they enter a tunnel.

The researchers, who are from Munich andPrinceton, New Jersey, USA, came up with the ideaof combining video images with thermal imagingtechnology. This enables them to determine ifcertain vehicle components are overheating. Thesystem works as follows. A video processing pro-gram linked to surveillance cameras identifies apassing truck and converts a segmented two-dimensional image of it into a 3D model usingnewly-developed algorithms. The program is thenable to recognise components that are susceptibleto fire, such as wheels, brakes and axles.

The thermal image of the truck, which isrecorded using an infrared camera, is linked withthe 3D image, after which an analysis programsearches for anomalies that could indicate defects.It does this using knowledge gained from modelsthat provide information on things such as howhot one axle may get in relation to the others.Because normal video cameras need expensiveexternal lighting at night, Siemens researchers areworking on another idea. “Our next step will be tostudy possibilities for the exclusive use of infrared


Cameras that combinethermal and videoimages can identifyotherwise invisiblesources of danger

IMAGING

Danger Made Visib l

By Rolf Sterbak

Siemens

A truck with a defective engine, faulty brakes, or hazardous freight can triggeran inferno in a tunnel. Siemens researchers are investigating how to use RFIDtechnology, video analysis, and thermal imaging cameras to spot vehicles thatare at risk.

P. 60-61 Danger 9/12/10 3:54 pm Page 60

images to identify potentially dangerous situationswith tires, brakes, and axles,” says Dr. AndreasHutter, an expert in real-time image processing. “Ifwe succeed, we will be able to significantly reducecosts.”

Hazardous material transportation poses aneven greater problem, especially if it is not clearwhat type of cargo is being shipped. Some materi-als, such as gasoline, may be transported by truckonly through certain tunnels. Up until now, therehas been no automated system for monitoringcompliance with such rules. Trucks today are infact required to carry orange stickers bearingcoded information on how dangerous their freightis and which categories of tunnels they may passthrough. However, video cameras can not deci-pher these labels when visibility is poor or thelabels are covered with dirt. Radio FrequencyIdentification (RFID) transponders would thus offera major benefit.

Transmission-enabled stickers If experts at CT have their way, trucks will soonalso be equipped with hazardous material labelscontaining a small RFID chip that can be read viaradio, and that also holds all information aboutwhat the truck is carrying. “That would signifi-cantly increase the accuracy of the monitoringsystem,” says Heidenreich.

Such a system would function roughly as follows.When a truck passes a reading point approximatelythree kilometres before a tunnel, its cargo datawould be registered by the RFID system and forward-ed to a control centre. Only one truck transportinghazardous materials would be permitted in the tun-nel at a time. Should an accident occur, firefighterswould tackle the blaze using precisely the right extin-guishing agent. Any truck attempting to enter a tun-nel with prohibited freight would be stopped by ared light in front of the entrance.

The CT team is particularly proud of its newlydeveloped RFID transponder system’s ability tomeet extremely high demands. The chip can trans-mit its signal to the unit’s reading device over adistance of around 50 metres and send the data atleast twice within two seconds.

“Conventional passive radio chips without abuilt-in energy source have a range of only sixmeters,” says Daniel Evers, an RFID expert at CT.“That is why we use an active chip that has abuilt-in battery and transmits in the high-frequencyrange of 2.45 GHz. To ensure the battery lasts aslong as possible, the transmitter in the transpon-der sleeps until it is woken by a radio pulse issuedby the reading device at the checkpoint.”

Evers also points out that the RFID data cannotbe intercepted or falsified. To ensure this is thecase, Siemens researchers employ an encryptiontechnique they previously developed for passiveRFID chips. “Previous solutions needed too muchenergy,” says Hermann Seuschek, an IT securityexpert at CT. “However, our cryptochip is soenergy efficient that the transponder can run forat least three years without needing a replacementbattery.”

Research activities are being followed by roadtests where Siemens’ researchers installed truckdetection system components at the AubingerTunnel near Munich. Plans call for the tunnelsafety system to be tested until February 2011.“Up until now, activities have focused on improv-ing safety within the tunnel,” says Heidenreich.“But in the future, we are going to be able todetect and prevent danger before a vehicle getsthere. Video, RFID, and infrared technologies willplay a key role in this process.”

This article first appeared in the Spring 2010 edition ofPictures of the Future, Siemens’ magazine for researchand innovation.

APF


DANGER MADE VISIBLE IMAGING

b le

For more information go towww.siemens.com/innovation

P. 60-61 Danger 9/12/10 3:54 pm Page 61

In past years, a third of drowning victims in theUnited States were would-be rescuers, many ofwhom lacked either proper training or equip-

ment. So, it is of paramount importance for rescueteams to not only purchase the proper equipment,but also to train and practice in swiftwater.

NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)standard 1670 (Standard on operations andtraining for technical search and rescue incidents)outlines three levels of training for swiftwaterrescue: awareness; operations; and technician. So,before purchasing any equipment, your agencyshould decide which level of training you will pur-sue, as there is a different equipment list for each.

Equipment listsThe awareness level of training is designed foragencies and rescuers who have a minimalexposure to swiftwater. Typically, the requirementsto reach this level of training are an eight-hourcourse. Awareness level rescuers will not beentering the water, but may be operating inproximity to the water.

The minimum equipment requirement is: ● Helmet. ● Personal Flotation Device (PFD).

● Proper Footwear. ● Throw-bag.

The operations level of training is designed foragencies and rescuers who will be assisting in-water rescues and could be exposed to acciden-tal swims. Typically, the requirements to reach thislevel of training are a 16-hour course.

The minimum equipment requirement is: ● Helmet.● PFD.● Thermal Protection. ● Proper Footwear. ● Throw-bag.

The technician level of training is designed foragencies and rescuers who will be conducting in-water rescues, either swimming or by boat.Typically, the requirements to reach this level oftraining are a 24-hour swiftwater course and 24-hour technical ropes course.

The minimum equipment requirement is: ● Helmet. ● PFD. ● Thermal Protection. ● Gloves. ● Proper Footwear. ● Throw-bag.


RESCUE

White-Water Resc uRight Gear

Swiftwater poses many dangers to the rescuer. It is a dynamic environmentwhere one small mistake or misjudgement can snowball into catastrophe.By Cody Harris

Whitewater RescueInstitute

P. 62-63 White Water 9/12/10 3:54 pm Page 62

Making the right equipment choicesHelmets: There are many manufacturers of water sportshelmets, each with their own strengths and weak-nesses. The most important factor when decidingon a helmet is comfort. An uncomfortable helmetwill usually end up unbuckled or taken off. Eitherway, it will not be doing its job.

After comfort, the helmet should be assessedfor coverage. There is an assortment of styles,from full-face to over-the-ears. One of the mostimportant areas of coverage is the forehead, andmany helmets will slide back, leaving the foreheadexposed. This is not acceptable in white-water.

The final consideration for helmets should bewhether or not a skull cap or beanie will fit under-neath it. In many countries, rescues occur duringspring run-off, when the water is between onedegree C and four degrees C, so extra warmth is anecessity during these rescues. Many helmetsallow you to easily adjust the padding inside toaccommodate this.

Personal Flotation Devices: The U.S. Coast Guard has developed standards forPFDs. It is essential that the PFD chosen isdesigned for white-water use and is a Type III or V,which will generally provide more flotation. ThePFD should fit comfortable on the rescuer andshould be snug when adjusted. The typical way oftesting this is by pulling the shoulder straps up; ifthe PFD pulls up the torso and covers the rescuer’schin, then it should be tightened.

A Swiftwater Rescue technician should considerpurchasing a rescue PFD. These PFDs come with aquick release harness, allowing the rescuer toperform a tethered swim. However, caution isneeded. Tethered swims require training toperform so, if your agency does not have a techni-cian-level rescuer, avoid the purchase of a rescuePFD. This will prevent the misuse of the harness.

All PFDs should have a whistle and knife attachedto them, and beware of purchasing a PFD with toomany pockets. Although they can be convenientduring rescue operations, they can often become anuisance or entrapment hazard in the water.

Thermal protection: There are really only two choices here: wetsuit ordrysuit.

The benefits of wetsuits are that they are: ● Relatively inexpensive. ● Provide abrasion and impact protection. ● Provide warmth in the water. ● Relatively comfortable. ● Durable.

The weaknesses are that they: ● Do not provide significant warmth out of the

water. ● Can be restrictive and increase difficulty with

swimming.

The benefits of drysuits are that they: ● Provide maximum warmth in and out of water. ● Are non-restrictive when swimming. ● Provide body substance isolation. ● Provide entire body coverage, with the

exception of hands and head.

The weaknesses are that:● They are expensive. ● Latex gaskets around neck and wrists can be

uncomfortable. ● They offer no impact or abrasion protection. ● They can tear and become ineffective in water.

For rescue teams functioning in cold water, thedecision is fairly simple. Drysuits provide themaximum amount of thermal protection.

Gloves:Simple neoprene gloves will protect hands fromrope burns and provide warmth. Avoid othermaterials.

Footwear: Footwear is the most overlooked, and perhapsmost important part of the swiftwater gear. Mostinjuries on the river occur, not in the water, but onloose, jagged rocks on shore. So, proper footwearshould be worn by all members of the rescueteam.

There are numerous options for river shoes,most of which are constructed from neoprene.Rescuers must balance foot protection withflexibility for swimming; large lace-up water rescueboots are great for walking and working on shore,but can be difficult when swimming. Thinneoprene booties are great for swimming, butprovide little protection for walking.

If swimming fins are a consideration for therescue team, then assure that the river shoes fitinside the fins.

Throw-bags: Throw-bags come in varying shapes and sizes, andare made of many different materials.

The minimum length for a rescue team shouldbe between 15 metres and 18 metres of rope.Consider purchasing a more expensive low-stretchrope, such as spectra or dyneema as this will allowthe rescuer to use the rope as a tensioning tool ifnecessary. Technician-level rescuers should con-sider a belt-bag that fits around the waist,allowing the rescuer to swim while transportingthe bag.

Final thoughtsWhen it comes to swiftwater gear there is a lot ofchoice. However, it is important that each agencyand individual assess carefully the use to which thegear may potentially be put, and choose accord-ingly. Keep in mind, though, that even the best,most expensive gear is only as good as the rescuerusing it. Swiftwater rescue requires training andpractice. APF


WHITE-WATER RESCUE – GETTING THE RIGHT GEAR RESCUE

c ue – Getting The

Cody Harris is the Directorof the Whitewater RescueInstitute

For more information go towww.whitewaterrescue.com

P. 62-63 White Water 9/12/10 3:54 pm Page 63

BAUERCOMPRESSORSAUSTRALIA

BAUER KOMPRESSOREN AUSTRALIAPTY LTD2/35 Hallstrom PlaceWetherill ParkSydney, NSW 2164 AustraliaTel: +61 (0)2 9756 2700Fax: +61 (0)2 9756 1700Email: [email protected] Bauer Subsidiary Office

BANGLADESH

BIZ2SAFE ENTERPRISE PTE LTD192/1 East KafrulDhaka Cantonment Dhaka 1206, BangladeshContact: Mr GuptaTel: 88 0 2 875 0010 or 9198 202 98969Fax: 88 0 2 871 4400Email: [email protected]/Distributor

BRUNEI

BAUER COMPRESSORS ASIA PTE LTD2 Penjuru Place#01-05 Penjuru Tech HubSingapore 608783Contact: Mr Russell Parton (Managing Director)Tel: +65 6271 6271Fax: +65 6272 3345Email: [email protected] Subsidiary Office

CHINA

BAUER KOMPRESSOREN SHANGHAILTD878 Jianchuan RoadMinhang, ShanghaiChina 200240 Tel: +86 21 5471 3598Fax: +86 21 5471 3818Email: [email protected] Subsidiary Office

FRENCH POLYNESIA

TAHITI SPORTPO Box 62, 98713 PapeeteTahiti, French PolynesiaContact: Mr Thierry AlberolaTel: +689 505959Fax: +689 421775Email: [email protected]/Distributor

HONG KONG

BAUER KOMPRESSOREN CHINA LTD707 Block A, M.P. Industrial Centre18 Ka Yip StreetChaiwan, Hong KongTel: +852 2595 1898 Fax: +852 2595 0878 Email: [email protected] Bauer Subsidiary Office

INDIA

BAUER KOMPRESSOREN INDIA PVT LTDA 71/72, H Block, MIDC PimpriPune – 411 018 , India Tel: +91 20 67308100 to 7Fax: +91 20 27487000 Email: [email protected] Bauer Subsidiary Office

INDONESIA

DIVEMASTERS INDONESIA Jalan Bangka RayaNo. 39A Pela MampangJakarta 12720, IndonesiaTel: 62-21 719 9045Fax: 62-21 719 8974Email: [email protected]: www.divemasters.co.idDealer/Distributor

KOREA

TECKO CO LTD2F, SK@Technopark, Mega-Dong190-1 Sangdaewon-DongSungnam-CityKyungki-Do 462 807, KoreaContact: Mr K Y LeeTel: +82 31 776 2442Fax: +82 31 776 2444Email: [email protected]/Distributor

MALAYSIA

SK CRYOGENICS SDN BHDNo. 16 Jalan Anngerik Mokara 31/52Section 31, Kota Kemuning40460 Shah Alam, Selangor, MalaysiaContact: Mr Steve KellettTel: +60 3 5122 4269Fax: +60 3 5122 4235Email: [email protected]/Distributor

PAKISTAN

ALPINE INDUSTRIALCON PVT LTD305/2 G.T. RoadBaghbanpuraLahore, PakistanContact: Mr Kashif AhmadTel: +92 42 685 2313Fax: +92 42 655 3674Email: [email protected]/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

CEBU ERNBRI IMPORT INC/AQUAVENTURE WHITETIP DIVE SUPPLYErmita Office: Unit 101 Joncor II Bldg#1362 A. Mabini StreetErmita Manila Philippines 1000, PhilippinesContact: Mr Brian L GilesTel: +632 521 0433Fax: +632 522 1165Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SINGAPORE

BAUER COMPRESSORS ASIA PTE LTD2 Penjuru Place#01-05 Penjuru Tech HubSingapore 608783Contact: Mr Stephen Hines (Managing Director)Tel: +65 6271 6271Fax: +65 6272 3345Email: [email protected] Subsidiary Office

MARINE & INDUSTRIAL COMPRESSORS304 Thomson RoadSingapore 307654Contact: Mr C H SngTel: +65 6250 6018Fax: +65 6253 8443Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SRI LANKA

HALCHEM LANKA PVT LTDNo 7, Siri Dhamma MawathaColombo 10Sri LankaContact: Mr Cyril Halloluwa Managing DirectorTel: +94 11 5843213 and 5843219 (Direct)Fax: +94 11 2674 615 and 2792 406Email: [email protected]: www.halchem-lanka.comDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

MING SHEN ENTERPRISE CO LTD5, PaShih 1 Street, DanShui TownTaipei, Taiwan 25170TaiwanContact: Mr Tom TsengTel: +886 (2) 2809 5789Fax: +886 (2) 2809 6189Email: [email protected]/Distributor

THAILAND

DIVE SUPPLY CO LTD 88/5 Patak Rd, Chalong Bay Phuket 83130. Thailand Tel: +66 (76) 383414 Fax: +66 (76) 281525 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

INTERSOL ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY PTE LTD7/288 Moo 6, Chaengwattana RoadBhanmai, Pakkred, Nonthaburi 11120ThailandContact: Mr NathananTel: +66 2 9808754Fax: +66 2 9808753Email: [email protected]/Distributor

VIETNAM

FRANCO-PACIFIC VIETNAM CO LTD55 Ho Hao Hon StreetDistrict 1, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamContact: Mr Colm MinogueTel: +84 8 836 0257Fax: +84 8 836 1387Email: [email protected]/Distributor

BLÜCHER GMBHSINGAPOREContact: Mr Raymond Hoi Account Manager Blücher OfficeSingapore Cell: +65 903 06972 Email: [email protected] Website: www.bluecher.comRepresentative Office

BRISTOL UNIFORMSAUSTRALIA

PAC FIRE AUSTRALIA (formerly PacificHelmets Australia)Unit 1, 28 Burnside RoadHallmarc Business ParkYatala Qld 4207, Australia Tel: +61 7 3441 7100Fax: +61 7 3441 7177Email: [email protected]: www.pacfire.com.auDealer/Distributor

BANGLADESH

MANIK BROTHERSHai Mansion (3rd Floor)9/3 Motijheel Circular RoadDhaka – 1000BangladeshContact: Mr A K BhowmickTel: +880 2 7100 589Fax: +880 2 7100 386Email: [email protected]/Distributor

BRUNEI

DASAPREM10 & 12 Jalan Muara 8/940000 Shah AlamSelangor, Darul EhsanMalaysiaContact: Mr Prem R MurthyTel: +603 550 9060Fax: +603 550 4486Email: [email protected]: www.dasaprem.comDealer/Distributor

YEN LEE FIREWELD PTE LTD18 Penhas Road, 208182SingaporeTel: +65 62909890Fax: +65 62961444Email: [email protected]/Distributor


Distributor and Representative Offices

Dealer/Distrib Dec 2010 9/12/10 3:55 pm Page 64

CHINA

SHENZHEN RUFN INDUSTRIAL CO LTDRM-701, 7/F Leaser Tower1st Fuhua Rd, Shenzhen, ChinaContact: Amy JinTel: +86 755 8399 9581Fax: +86 755 8399 9548Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

FIJI

PHILLIPS & SMITH LTD10 Akatea Road, GlendeneAuckland, New ZealandContact: Mr S HamptonTel: +649 818 8048Fax: +649 818 4484Email: [email protected]: www.firemaster.co.nzDealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

CHUBB HONG KONG LTD3 Hok Yuen Street EastHung Hom, KowloonHong KongContact: Mr Simon TsangTel: +852 2746 9628Fax: +852 2785 0849Email: simonsft.chubb.com.hkWebsite: www.chubb.com.hkDealer/Distributor

INDIA

FOREMOST MARKETING PVT LTDM-1 Green Park Extn, New Delhi 110016 IndiaContact: Mr Vinay KhannaTel: +91 11 261 969 82Fax: +91 11 261 669 61Email: [email protected]: www.foremostsafety.com Dealer/Distributor

JAPAN

ABLE-YAMAUCHI CO LTDYokohama NishiguchiSIA Building10-36 Kitasaiwai2-Chome Nishi-KuYokohama 220-0004Japan Contact: S Yamauchi Tel: +81 45 312 1130Fax: +81 45 312 1350Email: [email protected]: www.able.yamauchi.co.jpDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

DASAPREM (M) SDN BHD10 & 12 Jalan Muara 8/940000 Shah AlamSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysiaContact: Mr Prem R MurthyTel: +603 550 9060Fax: +603 550 4486Email: [email protected]: www.dasaprem.comDealer/Distributor

YEN LEE FIREWELD PTE LTD18 Penhas Road, 208182SingaporeTel: +65 62909890Fax: +65 62961444Email: [email protected]/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

PHILLIPS & SMITH LTD10 Akatea RoadGlendeneAucklandNew ZealandContact: Mr S HamptonTel: +649 818 8048Fax: +649 818 4484Email: [email protected]: www.firemaster.co.nzDealer/Distributor

SINGAPOREYEN LEE FIREWELD PTE LTD18 Penhas Road, 208182, Singapore Tel: +65 62909890Fax: +65 62961444Email: [email protected]: www.fireweld.com.sg Dealer/DistributorSRI LANKA FIRETECH (PRIVATE) LTD34 Walter Gunesekara MawathaNawala, Sri Lanka Contact: Leon DanielsTel: +94 11 4410588Fax: +94 11 2806666Email: [email protected]/DistributorTAIWANSHENG-TAI FIRE PROTECTIONINDUSTRIAL CO LTDNo 222-2 Sec2, Cheng Tai Rd, Wu-Ku ShiangTaipei, Hsien, TaiwanContact: Liu Yuan HungTel: +886 22292 1751Fax: +886 22291 1984Email: [email protected] Website: www.shengtai.com.tw Dealer/DistributorVIETNAMTRAN VU TRADING CO LTD 61 Ban Co Street, District 3, Hochiminh City, Viet NamContact: Tran Vu HongTel: +84 88325101Fax: +84 88309586Email: [email protected]: www.tranvufire.comDealer/Distributor

COLTRI ASIA PACIFICCHINA

SHANGHAI AND SOUTHERN CHINA:

SHANGHAI PANNY TRADING CO LTD 3F, #17-2 No.230, Xinjinqiao Rd.Pudong new area, Shanghai China Contact: Mr Todd Tel: +86-21-50321062Fax: +86-21-50321063 Email: [email protected] Website: www.coltrisub-china.com Dealer/Distributor

HONG KONG AND MACAU

WAH SHING COMPANY No. 2B-2C, G/F., Larch StreetTai Kok Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong SARContact: Miss Jackio Kwok Tel: +852 2391 3997, +852 2391 4084Fax: +852 2789 4638 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

INDIA

JYO TECH ENGINEERING & MARKETING H-49 A, Kalkaji, New Delhi 110019 India Tel: +91 (11) 26447966Fax: +91 (11) 26482189 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

INDONESIA

DIVEMASTERS INDONESIA JAKARTA Jl.Bangka Raya No.39A Jakarta 12720 Indonesia Tel: +6221 7199045Fax: +6221 7198974 Dealer/Distributor

BALI Jl. By Pass I Gusti Ngurah Rai No. 314 Sanur,Denpasar 80228 Bali, Indonesia Tel: +62361 283138Fax: +62361 285736 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

LAUTAN MASJl. Toko Tiga No. 24 Jakarta 11230 Indonesia Tel: +62 (0) 21 690-1333Fax: +62 (0) 21 690 2479 Email: [email protected] Website: www.lautanmas.com Dealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

RAINBOW RUNNER S/B383D Jln Ampang 50450, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Tel: +60 (03) 42514368 or 42515368Fax: +60 (03) 42511268 Branch: 3.06, Plaza Berjaya Jln Imbi55100 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Tel: +60 (03) 21414587Fax: +60 (03) 21487440 Website: www.rainbowrunner.net Dealer/Distributor

MALDIVES

MARKETECH MALDIVES PVT LTD M.Iramaa, 1st Floor, Fareedhi MaguRep of Maldives Tel: +(960) 3331911 Fax: +(960) 3318815 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

AIR TECHNOLOGY LTD 5/20 Constellation DriveMairangi Bay 0632 Auckland PO Box 305065 Triton PlazaNorth Shore, Auckland 0757, New Zealand Contact: Ross Irvine Tel: 64-9-478 9995 Fax: 64-9-478 6221 Website: www.divecompressors.co.nz Dealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

AQUAMUNDO SPORTS INC G/FVernida I Bldg.120 Amorsolo St. Legaspi VillageMakati City, Philippines 1229 Tel: (+632) 813-AQUA (2782) (+632) 817-AQUA (2782)Fax: Dial local 13 Email: [email protected],[email protected] Dealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

ALLROUND ADVANCEDTECHNOLOGIES PTE LTD 105 Sims Ave #03-06 Chancerlodge Complex Singapore 387429 Tel: +65 749 2778Fax: +65 749 2977 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

KOREA, REPUBLIC OF

DAE WOONG SUITS CO LTD 1614-15,Seocho-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul, KoreaTel: 82-2-588-0970 Fax: 82-2-587-0392 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mares.co.kr Dealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

NELVEN CO LTD 14F-6, No. 76, Sec. 1Fu-Shings South Rd, Taipei City 106, Taiwan Tel: (886) 2-2721-9770 Fax: (886)2-8773-2047 Email: [email protected] Website: www.nelven.com.tw Dealer/Distributor

THAILAND, VIETNAM, CAMBODIA, SRI LANKA

SIAM DIVING ENTERPRISES ASIAPACIFIC CO LTD No.12, Chaloemprakiat Ratchakan Thi 9 RoadSoi 48, Dokmai, Prawet, Bangkok, 10250, Thailand Tel: +66 2 726-6101-5Fax: +66 2 726-6106 Email: [email protected],[email protected] Website: www.aerotecnicacoltriasiapacific.com Dealer/Distributor

VIETNAM

SCUBA SUPPLY 120/54a Nguyen Thien Thuat Street, Nha Trang,Vietnam Tel: +84 (0) 914 029 790Fax: +84 (0) 58 252 0576 Email: [email protected] Website: www.scubavietnam.com Dealer/Distributor


DISTRIBUTOR AND REPRESENTATIVE OFFICES


CON-SPACECOMMUNICATIONSCHINA

ANCOM SYSTEMS, INCBuilding 5, Courtyard 10, BeijingContact: Wang, Jacinta FTel: 86-10-6202-2792 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

BEIJING CBT MACHINE & ELECTRICEQUIPMENT INCRoom 503, Building HTimecourt, No. 6 yard, BeijingContact: Chou, YuTel: 010-84440107/8 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

OCEANS SAFETY EQUIP CO LTDRm19A 10 & 11, Jazz Mansion, ShenzhenContact: Zhang, EchoTel: 86-755-8328-0633Email: [email protected]/Distributor

WUXI NEW FIRETRE SAFETECH LTDBlock 3 Long Shan Wen Bo Industrial ParkWuxi, Jiang Su PRCContact: Wang, ChadTel: 86 510 139 0619 8090Email: [email protected]: www.wfs.com.cnDealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

EASTERN FORUM FE CO LTDUnit A2, 1/F No 1123 Canton Road, MongkokContact: Fung, Eddy K PTel: 852-278-734-64 Email: [email protected]: www.rescue.com.hkDealer/Distributor

SUPREME CORoom 1812, Park-In Commercial Center, Mong KokContact: Chau, GaryTel: 852-27808818 Email: [email protected]: www.supremeco.com.hkDealer/Distributor

INDONESIA

P.T. MITRA TEKNIKATAMAJl Ekor Kuning No: 1, JakartaContact: Prabowo, BudhiTel: 62-21 6602144Email: [email protected]/Distributor

JAPAN

TEISEN – TEIKOKU SERI-I CO LTD103-0027, TokyoContact: Katano, YasuTel: 81 3 3281 3033Email: [email protected]: www.teisen.co.jpDealer/Distributor

KOREA

KEO WHA R & F CO LTDRM 1, FL 1, Jiwoo Building, SeoulContact: Zyung, KennethTel: 82 02 335 0145 7Email: [email protected]/Distributor

MACAO

ARTIGOS ELECTRICOS TICORua Dos Pescadores180 Edf. Ind. Veng Hou, 7 And. MacauContact: Weng Kei, LeongTel: 853-28923023Email: [email protected]: www.tico.com.moDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

ALL DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY PTE LTD14 Jansen Close, SingaporeContact: Phua AugustineTel: 065 6387 8887 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

WASILAH HOLDINGS SDN BHDNo 15 & 17, Jin 3/4C, Kuala LumpurContact: Abdullah, Nor AzilizaTel: 603 410 761 01Email: [email protected]/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

RESQTEK INDUSTRIAL SALES402 Paltoc St. Sta. Mesa, ManilaContact: Agudo, DonnTel: 632 715 3660 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SINGAPORE

DEFENCE SECURITY PTD LTD37 Yu Li Industrial Bldg, SingaporeContact: Lim, RobertTel: 674-32-180Email: [email protected]: www.defencesecurity.com.sgDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

SUPER PREMIUM CO LTD18F-5, No. 16, Jian Ba RoadChung Ho CityContact: Yeh, AnnieTel: 886-2-822-65-855 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

THAILAND

S.P. & ASSOCIATES LTD40/747 1st Fl Moo 10 Nuanjan RKhet BuengkumContact: Eddie, ETel: 66-2-946-1593-98Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SEA AIR THAI CO LTD98 Soi Ramintra 49, BangkokContact: Raskin, CraigTel: 668-7900-0783Email: [email protected]: www.seaairthai.comDealer/Distributor

VIETNAM

APTES VIETNAM, JSCGround floor, 39 Nguyen Trai Tower, Ha NoiContact: Le Tung, DaoTel: 84 4 568 1886Email: [email protected]: www.aptes.com.vnDealer/Distributor

LACVIET TECHNICAL SCIENTIFITIC &ELECTRIC CO LTD152 Nguyen Hong Dao Str Ward 14Ho Chi Minh CityContact: Nguyen, TuanTel: 84 8 8492 734 Email: [email protected]: www.lacviettech.com.vnDealer/Distributor

AUSTRALIA

KDW CONSULTING LLC3023 Sonoma Way, Viera, Fl 32955, USAContact: Kenton D WarnerTel: 321 636 4543 Fax: 928 438 6382Email: [email protected]: www.cuttersedge.comRepresentative Office

CHINA

ANCOMBuilding 5, Courtyard 10 VillageMiddleroadNorth 3rd Ring RoadContact: Pei ZhangTel: 86 10 6202 2792Fax: 86 10 6207 7929Email: [email protected]: www.ancom.cn/www.cuttersedge.comDealer/Distributor

NORLAN ENTERPRISES INC Room 952, #218 Tang Li RoadChinaContact: Helen WangTel: 86 10 8467 3721/8467 3722Fax: 86 10 8467 3770Email: [email protected]: www.norlan.cn/www.cuttersedge.comDealer/Distributor

WUXI NEW FIRETRE SAFETECH LTD Block 3, Long Shan Wen Bo Industrial ParkQian Yao RoadHu Bin DistrictWuxi, Jiangsu Provence, PRC 214151Tel: +86 510 8225 5991Fax: +86 510 8275 4257Email: [email protected]: www.wfs.com.cnDealer/DistributorINDIA

ASKA EQUIPMENTS LTDAska House, 193 DeepaliDeepali ChowkOuter Ring Road – PitampuraNew Delhi 110 034, IndiaContact: Navdeep GargTel: 91 11 27014416/27014417Fax: 91 11 27014413Email: [email protected]: www.askagroup.com/www.cuttersedge.comDealer/DistributorISRAEL

OFER FIRE RESCUE & SALVAGE LTDBinyamina 30500IsraelContact: Ofer HalamishTel: 972 4 6288444Fax: 972 4 6288555Email: [email protected]: www.ofer.co.il/www.cuttersedge.comDealer/Distributor

JAPAN

TEIKOKU SEN-I CO LTD5-13,2 ChomeNihonbashiChuo-KuTokyo 103JapanTel: 81-3-3281-3026Fax: 81-3-3274-6397Email: [email protected]: www.teisen.co.jp/www.cuttersedge.comDealer/Distributor

KOREA

KDW CONSULTING LLC3023 Sonoma Way, VieraFl 32955, USAContact: Kenton D WarnerTel: 321 636 4543Fax: 928 438 6382Email: [email protected]: www.cuttersedge.comRepresentative Office

MALAYSIA

CITO MARKETING, SDN BHDNo. 11, Jalan SS15/4BSubang Jaya47500 Petaling JayaSelangorDarul EhsanContact: Ahmad Nazmi Abu RaihanTel: +603 5631 1286Fax: +603 5634 0583Email: [email protected]@citogroup.com.myWebsite: www.cuttersedge.comDealer/Distributor

PHILLIPINES

KDW CONSULTING LLC3023 Sonoma Way, VieraFl 32955 USAContact: Kenton D WarnerTel: 321 636 4543Fax: 928 438 6382Email: [email protected]: www.cuttersedge.comRepresentative Office




SINGAPORE

KDW CONSULTING LLC3023 Sonoma Way, Viera, Fl 32955 USAContact: Kenton D WarnerTel: 321 636 4543Fax: 928 438 6382Email: [email protected]: www.cuttersedge.comRepresentative OfficeSOUTH KOREA

JINUTEC INTERNATIONAL DIVISION711 Visiontop Officetel 374-4Won-Dong, Osan-City, South KoreaContact: Na Hae-YulTel: 82 31 375 8558Fax: 82 31 375 4884Email: [email protected]: www.jinutec.com/www.cuttersedge.comDealer/Distributor

THAILAND

KDW CONSULTING LLC3023 Sonoma Way, Viera, Fl 32955 USAContact: Kenton D WarnerTel: 321 636 4543Fax: 928 438 6382Email: [email protected]: www.cuttersedge.comRepresentative Office

DrägerAUSTRALIA

DRAEGER SAFETY PACIFICAxxess Corporate Park, Unit 99, 45 Gilby RoadMount Waverley, Victoria 3149Tel: +61 3 9265 5000Fax: +61 3 9265 5097Email: [email protected] Office

CHINA

BEIJING FORTUNE DRAEGER SAFETYEQUIPMENT CO LTDYu An Lu 22, B AreaBeijing Tianzhu Airport Industrial ZoneShunyi District, Beijing, 101300Tel: +86 10 8049 8000Fax: +86 10 8049 8005Email: [email protected] Office

INDIA

JOSEPH LESLIE DRAEGER MFG PVT LTDLeslico House, Prof. Agashe RoadOff 87-C, Bhavani Shankar RoadDadar (West), Mumbai 400028Tel: +91-22-2422 1880/1878/7198Fax: +91-22-2430 3705Email: [email protected] Office

INDONESIA

PT DRAEGERINDO JAYABeverly Antasari BuildingJl. Pangeran Antasari No. 67, Unit LCilandak Barat, Jakarta, Selatan 12430Tel: +6221 751 3289Fax: +6221 751 2052Email: [email protected] Office

JAPAN

DRAEGER SAFETY JAPAN LTD3-8-1 Toyo Koto-ku, Tokyo, JapanJapan Zip 135-0016Tel: +81 3 44 615111Fax: +81 3 44 615100Email: [email protected] Office

KOREA

DRAEGER SAFETY ASIADaejong Bld. #1106Bang-I-dong, Songpa gu, Seoul, KoreaTel: +82 2 6415 8222Fax: +82 2 6415 8223Email: [email protected] Office

MALAYSIA

DRAEGER SAFETY ASIA PTE LTDNo. 14, Jalan PJS 11/18Bandar Sunway 46150Petaling Jaya, MalaysiaTel: +60 3 5635 6460Fax: +60 3 5635 4171Email: [email protected] Office

NEW ZEALAND

DRAEGER SAFETY PACIFIC PTE LTDUnit O, No. 150Harris RoadEast Tamaki, AucklandTel: +649 273 3160Fax: +649 273 3159Email: [email protected] Office

SINGAPORE

DRAEGER SAFETY ASIA PTE LTD67 Ayer Rajah Crescent #06-03Singapore 139950Tel: +65 6872 9281Fax: +65 6512 1908Email: [email protected]: www.draeger.com.sgRegional Head Office

TAIWAN

DRAEGER SAFETY TAIWAN CO LTD12/F, Kuohwa Building868-5 Chungcheng RoadChungho CityTaipei County, 235 Taiwan R.O.C.Tel: +886 (02)2223-6388Fax: +886 (02)2223-2258Email: [email protected] Office

THAILAND

DRAEGER SAFETY (THAILAND) LTD123/20, Nonsi RoadKwaeng ChongnonsiKhet YannawaBangkok 10120Tel: +662 6811 781 (4 lines)Fax: +662 6811 780Email: [email protected] Office

VIETNAM

DRAEGER SAFETY ASIA PTE LTDNo. 5, A2 Nguyen Khanh Toan Str.Cau Giay DistrictHanoiVietnamTel: +84 4 281 3463Fax: +84 4 281 3461Email: [email protected] Office

DUPONT FIREEXTINGUISHANTSUNITED ARAB EMIRATES

FENWAL PROTECTION SYSTEMSBu Ameem Building IISuite 201PO Box 30791DubaiUnited Arab EmiratesContact: Tareq El-ImanTel: 971 4.337.2498Fax: 971 4.337.5088Email: [email protected]: www.fenwalfire.comDealer/Distributor

KIDDE FIRE SYSTEMSBu Ameem Building IISuite 201PO Box 30791, DubaiUnited Arab EmiratesContact: Tareq El-ImanTel: 971 4.337.2498Fax: 971 4.337.5088Email: [email protected]: www.kiddefiresystems.comDealer/Distributor

AUSTRALIA

FIRE PROTECTION TECHNOLOGIES PTY LTDUnit 14, 42-44 Garden BlvdDingley, Victoria 3712AustraliaTel: +61 3 9558 0715Fax: +61 3 9558 0725Email: [email protected]: www.fire-protection.com.auDealer/Distributor

BANGLADESH

NAVANA INTERLINKS LTD7, Champaklal Udyog BhavanSion (E) Mumbai 400 022, IndiaTel: +88 02-9892911Fax: +88 02-9895252Email: [email protected]: www.navana-iv.comDealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

THE JARDINE ENGINEERINGCORPORATION LTD13/F Somerset House, Taikoo Place979 King’s Road, Hong KongTel: +852 2807 4684Fax: +852 2503 4210Email: [email protected]: www.jec.comDealer/Distributor

INDIA

NEWAGE FIRE PROTECTION ENGINEERSChampaklal Ugyog BhavanUnit No. 7, Sion (East)Mumbai 100 022, IndiaTel: +91 22 2407 7421Fax: +91 22 2407 4229Email: [email protected]: www.newage-india.comDealer/Distributor

INDONESIA

KARYA LESTARI MAKMUR PTJl. Pangeran Jayakarta85AK, Jakarta 10730, IndonesiaTel: +62 21 628 1933Fax: +62 21 628 1976Email: [email protected]/Distributor

KOREA

PARADISE INDUSTRY CO LTD#683-116 Hannam-DongYongsan-KuSeoul, South KoreaTel: +82 2 3780 8770Fax: +82 2 3780 8772Email: [email protected]: www.paradise-ind.co.krDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

FIKE ASIA PACIFIC SDN BHD18B, 2nd Floor, Jalan Astak L U8/LBukit Jelutong40150 Shah AlamSelangor, MalaysiaTel: +60 3 7859 1462Fax: +60 3 7859 1461Email: [email protected]: www.fike.comRepresentative Office

SUKIADA ENGINEERING SDN BHDNo. 20 Jalan Astaka L U8/LBukit Jelutong40150 Shah AlamSelangor, MalaysiaTel: +60 3 7845 2008Fax: +60 3 7845 6008Email: [email protected]: www.sukiada.com.myDealer/Distributor




PAKISTAN

MGH ENGINEERING AND CONTROL PVT LTD H. # 20 St., #5/A Kot ShahabdinShahdrah, Lahore 54950, Pakistan Tel: +92 42 7913064Fax: +92 42 7913064 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mgheng.com Dealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

FIRE SOLUTIONS INC1028 Malaya Street, MalandayMarikina City, 1805 PhilippinesTel: +63 2 371 9774Fax: +63 2 374 3041Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SINGAPORE

AZCEND ASIA PTE LTDBlk 21, Kallang Avenue #04-165, Singapore 339412Tel: (65) 6299 0798Fax: (65) 6299 3735Email: [email protected] Office

SRI LANKA

BUILDING SERVICES (M&E) ENGINEERINTERNATIONAL PVT LTDNo. 20/39, Fairfield Gardens, Colombo 08, Sri LankaTel: +94 11 4717 500Fax: +94 11 2667 569Email: [email protected]/Distributor

TAIWAN

SUNMORN INC7F.-2, 76, Nan Jing W. Road, Taipei 10352, TaiwanTel: +886 2 2550 3500Fax: +886 2 2550 5350Email: [email protected]: www.sunmoreinc.comDealer/Distributor

THAILAND

ANTI-FIRE CO LTD316-316/1, Sukhumvit 22 RoadKlongtoey, Bangkok 10110, ThailandTel: +66 2 260 4565Fax: +66 2 258 2422Email: [email protected]: www.antifire.comDealer/Distributor

VIETNAM

EUROPEAN TECH JSCNo. 50, 218/27, Lac Long Quan StreetTay Ho Dist., Hanoi, VietnamTel: +84 4 3755 7179Fax: +84 4 3755 7178 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

FIRE FIGHTINGENTERPRISESAUSTRALIA

AMPAC TECHNOLOGY PTY LTD7 Ledgar Road, Balcatta, Western Australia 6021 Tel: +618 9242 3333Fax: +618 9242 3334Website: www.ampac.netDealer/Distributor

BAHRAIN

KHAYBER TRADING COMPANY W.L.L, PO Box No. 1976, Cr.No. 40189-01Manama, Bahrain Dealer/Distributor

CYPRUS

M.T. PIPERARIS TRADING LTDNafpactou 19a, Lemesos 3051, Cyprus Tel: +357 5 737311Fax: +357 5 737310Dealer/Distributor

ISRAEL

TELEFIRE FIRE & GASDetectors Ltd, PO Box 7036Petach-Tikva 49250, IsraelTel: +972 3 9211955Fax: +972 3 9211816Dealer/Distributor

IRAN

NAR KOOB IRANApt 7, 3rd Floor, No 32, Varavini St.Amir Atabak, St. Ostad Motahari Ave.Tehran – IranTel: +98 21 88842649Fax: +98 21 88307405Dealer/Distributor

KOREA

HI MAX CO LTDSicox Tower, 115-Ho 513-14Sangdaewon-Dong, Jungwon-GuSungnam-CityKyungki Do, KoreaTel: +82 31 769 7698Dealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

FITTERS ENG SERVS SDN BHDNo.1 Block C, Jalan DataranSd1 Pju 952200 Bandar Sri, DamansaraKuala Lumpar, MalaysiaTel: +60 3 62767155Fax: +60 3 62758712Dealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

AMPAC INDUSTRIES LTDPO Box 100-149North Shore Mail CentreGlenfield, Auckland Tel: +64 94438072Fax: +64 94438073Dealer/Distributor

QATAR

AL SHAIBEH ESTABLISHMENTPO Box 3975Doha, Qatar Tel: +974 4322140Fax: +974 4416650Dealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

ACCLAIM SYSTEMS PTE LTDBlk 104, Boon Keng Road, 05-01 Singapore 339775Tel: +656 2990 798Fax: +656 299 3735Dealer/Distributor

ALARM SUPPLY PTE LTD63 Jalan Pemimpin, 03-07Pemimpin Industrial BldgSingapore 577219 Tel: 00 656 258 3445Fax: 00 656 258 6428Dealer/Distributor

SRI LANKA

FIRETECH (PVT) LTD34, Walter GunasekaraMawatha, NawalaSri LankaTel: +94 1 806613Fax: +94 1 806666Dealer/Distributor

SYRIA

ESS COMPANYPO Box 35478, Damascus, SyriaDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

HORING LIH IND CO LTD4f No 18 Lane 327Chung Shan RoadSec 2 Chung-Ho-CityTaipei Hsien, TaiwanTel: +886 2224 87599Fax: +886 2224 07752Dealer/Distributor

THAILAND

TEEYA MASTER SYSTS CO LTD100/101-102 VongvanjiBuilding B, 30th FlrRama 9 RoadHuaykhwangBangkok 10320, ThailandTel: +662 2 6451130Fax: +662 2 2488540Dealer/Distributor

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

NAFFCOPO Box 17014Jebel Ali Free Zone AreaDubai, U.A.ETel: +971 4 881 5653Fax: +971 4 881 6229Dealer/Distributor

TELECTRONPO Box 2946Al Salam StreetBldg. No.5, Abu Dhabi, U.A.ETel: +971 26795333Fax: +971 26794609Dealer/Distributor

HOLMATRO RESCUEEQUIPMENTAUSTRALIA

CHUBB FIRE SAFETY LTD120, Silverwater RoadSilverwater, NSW 2128Locked Bag 102Silverwater 1811Contact: Andrew LoftusTel: 1300 369 309Fax: 02 8748 7450Email: [email protected]: www.chubb.com.auDealer/Distributor

BRUNEI

IECS SDN BHD13A Simpang 544-22Jalan JerudongB.S.B. Brunei DarussalamContact: Roger Sim Tel: +673 2 612 717Fax: +673 2 612 720Email: [email protected]/Distributor

CHINA

HOLMATRO CHINAUNIT 14/D – 9 JOY TOWER9 Zhen Ning RoadShanghai 200050P. R. China Contact: Floris EversTel: +86 21 5238 7330Fax: +86 21 5238 7320Email: [email protected]: www.holmatro-china.comRepresentative Office

HONG KONG

ABLESLINK CO LTDUnit B4, 2/F., Block BSheung Shui Plaza3 Ka Fu CloseSheung Shui, N.T.Hong KongContact: Mr Randy HauTel: +852-2466 4568Fax: +852-2466 4569Email: [email protected]/Distributor

INDONESIA

PT ESA KARYA MANDIRIJL.SUNTER PARADISETimur Raya, F21 No. C42Jakarta 14350Contact: Mr Benny N LiemTel: 062-21-6412936/65303502Fax: 062-21-6412937Email: [email protected]/Distributor




JAPAN

AKAO & CO LTD4-13-1 Shinmachi Nishi-ku, OsakaJapan 550-0013Contact: Masaya SagaTel: +81-6-6532-6256Fax: +81-6-6532-3095Email: [email protected]: www.akao-co-co.jpDealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

KEO WHA HITEC CO LTDRm-1Fl, Jiwoo Bldg, 376-12Seogyo-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul, KoreaContact: Mr Kenneth ZyungTel: 82-(02)-336-0145-7Fax: 82-(02)-336-0180Email: [email protected]: www.kh-hitec.comDealer/Distributor

MACAU SAR

TCT TRI-CONTINENTAL TRADINGCOMPANY LTD4/F-“E”, Dynasty Plaza Bldg., 411-417Ald. Dr. Carlos D’Assumpcao Macau S.A.R.Contact: John FerreiraTel: +853 2875-0008Fax: +853 2875-0007Email: [email protected], [email protected],[email protected]: www.tct.com.moDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

PANDAN NIAGA SDN BHDNo. 81AJalan Tabla 33/21 Shah Alam Technology Park Seksyen 333, 40400 Shah AlamSelangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaContact: Mohd Rashdi Abd RahmanTel: +603 5122 1310Fax: +603 5122 1279Email: [email protected]/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

CHUBB FIRE & SAFETY3 Fisher CrescentMt WellingtonAucklandContact: Steve KirkTel: +64 9 270 7441Fax: +64 9 270 7235Email: [email protected]: www.chubb.co.nzDealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

WALLGREEN INDUSTRIAL VENTURESCORP62 West AvenueQuezon CityPhilippines 1104Contact: Francisco C DizonTel: +6 32 411 0818Mobile: +6 32 0917 820 1947Fax: +6 32 411 0818Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SINGAPORE

FABRISTEEL PRIVATE LIMITED9, Tuas Ave 10Singapore 639133Contact: Adros Sunan/Spencer OngTel: +65 68623830Fax: +65 68615988Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SRI LANKA

HALCHEM LANKA PVT LTD7, Siri Dhamma Mawatha, Colombo 10Contact: Cyril HalloluwaTel: +94 11 5843213 Mobile: +94 777 315 375Fax: + 94 11 2674 615 and 2792 406Email: [email protected]: www.halchem-lanka.comDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

PARKSON TRADING CO LTDNo. 50, 3FHua-Ning Rd, Guo Shan Dist.80471 Kaohsiung CityTaiwan, R.O.C.Contact: Mr Johnson PengTel: +886-7-552-1650Fax: +886-7-552-7999Email: [email protected]/Distributor

AUSTRALIA

ADA (AUSTRALIAN DEFENSE APPARELPTD LTD)14 Gaffney StreetCoburg, Victoria 3058Contact: Rob Walsh, Sales & Marketing ManagerEmergency ServicesTel: +61 3 9353 4552Email: [email protected]: www.ada.com.auGarment Maker

BRUCKUnits 12/1379-83 High StreetKEW Victoria 3101AustraliaContact: Michael SmithTel: +61 4 0324 7309Email: [email protected] PBI Weaver

LION APPAREL – ASIA PACIFICAsia Pacific – Protective Systems GroupUnit 3, 15 Dunstan Road, WingfieldSouth Australia5013 AustraliaContact: Warren Hoare, Regional Managing DirectorTel: +61 8 8139 7777Email: [email protected] Maker

PAC FIREUnit 1, 28 Burnside RoadHallmarc Business ParkYatala Qld 4207AustraliaContact: Keith Ward, Managing DirectorTel: +61 7 3441 7100 Email: [email protected] Maker

STEWART & HEATON150 Francisco StreetBelmont WA 6104 AustraliaContact: Brian Thomson, Business DevelopmentManagerTel: +61 8 9277 5555Email: [email protected] Maker

CHINA

YINGTELAI TECHNOLOGY CO LTD76 Xihuan RoadChangPing DistrictBejing 102200, ChinaContact: Xue Feng LIU, Vice Chairman GeneralManagerTel: +86 10 6974 2811Email: [email protected] Maker

HONG KONG

WAH TAI ENTERPRISES LTD7/F Block FGolden Bear Industrial Centre66-82 Chai Wan KOK StreetTsuen Wan N.T. Hong KongHong Kong SARContact: Johnny Ho, President, Special ProductsDivisionTel: +852 2771 6360 Email: [email protected]

KOREA

SEOJIN TEXRoom 201 Kum Ho Building, Soongin-DongJongro-gu Seoul, 110550Korea (Republic of)Contact: C J Yoon, DirectorTel: +82 22 253-7905 Email: [email protected]

KOREA

SAN CHEONG COMPANY LTD185 Songmoon-Ri-MyunCheoin-Gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-Do 449-823Korea (Republic of )Contact: Soo Youk LeeTel: +82 31 321 4077 Email: [email protected]: www.sancheong.comGarment Maker

PELICAN PRODUCTSAUSTRALIA

PELICAN PRODUCTS PTY LTD Suite 2.33, Platinum West 4 llya AvenueErina NSW 2250 AustraliaTel: +612 4367 7022 Fax: +612 4367 7066 Email: [email protected]: www.pelicanaustralia.com Regional Head Office

NEW ZEALAND

CHUBB FIRE AND SAFETY 3 Fisher Crescent Mount WellingtonAuckland 2023, New ZealandTel: +64 (0)9 270 7234 Fax: +64 (0)9 270 7235 Email: [email protected]: www.chubb.co.nzDealer/Distributor

SECURITONASIA PACIFIC

SECURITON (M) SDN BHDNo. 19A, Lorong Rahim Kajai 13Taman Tun Dr. Ismail, MY-60000 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaContact: Mr Lewis ChongTel: +60 3 7725 1699Fax: +60 3 7725 1677Email: [email protected]: www.securiton.comRepresentative Office

AUSTRALIA

AUSTRALIAN FIRE ENTERPRISES (AFE)PO Box 7027, Mannering ParkNSW 2259, AustraliaContact: Mr Mike Donegan/Mr Brett GordanTel: +61 2 43 592 244Fax: +61 2 43 593 301Email: [email protected]/[email protected]/Distributor

NATIONAL SECURITY & SURVEILLANCE38 Lambert Street RichmondVictoria 3121AustraliaContact: Mr Dominic ParuitTel: +61 3 9428 8055Fax: +61 3 9428 8065Email: [email protected]: www.natss.com.auDealer/Distributor

CHINA, BEIJING

SECURITONG FIRE TECHNOLOGYLIMITED COMPANYRoom 2101, Block 1, No. 58East 3rd Ring South RoadChaoyang AreaBeijing, ChinaContact: Mr Gong XinjunTel: +86 10 5867 2076Fax: +86 10 5867 3319Email: [email protected]/Distributor




SWISS SECURITAS FIRE AND SECURITYSYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY (BEIJING) CO LTDRoom 1808-1118th Floor Shouchuang MansionNo.6 North Street, Chaoyangmen Dongcheng AreaBeijing 100027, P.R.ChinaContact: Mr Lewis Chong/Mr Todd ZengTel: +86 10 6406 0558Fax: +86 10 6406 6934Email: [email protected]: www.securiton.cnDealer/Distributor

BEIJING Z-N MECHANICAL &ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT CO LTD1 #B910,Lingdi OfficeNo.13 Beiyuan LuChaoyang District Beijing, China 100012Contact: Ms Sarah ZhangTel: +86 10 5207 3836Fax: +86 10 5207 3839Email: [email protected]/[email protected]/Distributor

CHINA, SHANGHAI

BARTEC ELECTRIC (SHANGHAI) CO LTDNew Building 7, No. 188Xinjun Ring Road, Shanghai CaohejingPujiang Hi-Tech Park (Pudong Area)Minhang District 201114Shanghai P.R. ChinaContact: Mr Banson TangTel: +86 21 3463 7288 ext: 251Fax: +86 21 3463 7282Email: [email protected]: www.bartec.com.cnDealer/Distributor

DEF CHINA2nd Floor Building 135.No.1421 East Zhuanxing RoadMinhang Area, Shanghai 201108Contact: Mr François YangTel: +86 21 3350 7133- +86 21 3350 8012Fax: +86 21 3350 7285Email: [email protected]: www.def-online.comDealer/Distributor

SWISS SECURITAS (BEIJING) CO LTDSHANGHAI COMPANYRoom A, 23rd Floor Shimei MansionNo. 445 Jiangning RoadJing’an Area, Shanghai 200041P.R.ChinaContact: Mr Lewis Chong/Mr Todd ZengTel: +86 21 5228 8111Fax: +86 21 5228 8325Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SHANGHAI ZHENYE INDUSTRY CO LTDNo, 3 221, Cao Bao LShanghai, 200233Contact: Mr Jack ShenTel: +86 21 6451 2922/2933Fax: +86 21 6451 9955Email: [email protected]: www.shzhenye.comDealer/Distributor

CHINA, SHENZHEN

FANWO GROUP18F, China Economic and Trade BuildingZizhuqidao, Futian DistrictShenzhen, China 518040Contact: Dr Yao Tel: +86 755 83222 076/+86 755 83222 872Fax: +86 755 83222 311Email: [email protected]: www.china-hrd.comDealer/Distributor

SHENZHEN YAOHUAJI CHINA CO LTDRM.F, 20th Floor Yong – Hui BuildingGuo-Qi Building, ShenzhenContact: Mr Raymond Ng/Ms ShiTel: +86 755 8212 9831Fax: +86 755 8212 9909Email: [email protected]: www.ywk.com.hkDealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

YIU WAH (KOGARAH) CO LTDRoom 9019th FloorNo 113 Argyle StreetMongkokKowloonHong KongContact: Mr Raymond NgTel: +852 2781 1384Fax: +852 2782 6652Email: [email protected]: www.ywk.com.hkDealer/Distributor

INDIA, MUMBAI

BAJAJ ELECTRICALS LTD15/17, Sant Savta MargReay RoadMumbai – 400010Contact: Mr Ravichandran Sr. (General Manager)Tel: +91 22 2372 4192Fax: +91 22 2373 0504Email: [email protected]: www.bajajelectricals.comDealer/Distributor

VIMAL FIRE CONTROLS PVT LTD19/20 Vardhaman ServiceIndustrial EstateL.B.S. Marg.IN-400083Vikhroii (West) MumbaiIndiaContact: Mr Vijay Doshi/Mr Nalin DoshiTel: +91 22 2578 3335Fax: +91 22 2578 3338Email: [email protected]/[email protected]: www.vimalfire.comDealer/Distributor

HSE ENGINEERS PVT LTD2, Durgas Niwas, 1st FloorBhawani Tower CompoundBehind Bhawani Petrol PumpIIT PowaiMumbai 400076IndiaContact: Mrs Sapna PrajapatiTel: +91 22 2578 7014 / 7015Fax: +91 22 2578 7016Email: [email protected]: www.hseengineers.comDealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

ROYAL INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGYCORPORATIONRoyal Building, 3rd Floor840-5 Yeoksam-DongKangnam-KuSeoul 135080KoreaContact: Mr E S Kim/Mr J K ChungTel: +82 22 009 1800Fax: +82 2 567 8831Email: [email protected]/[email protected]: www.ritco.co.krDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

FITTERS DIVERSIFIED BERHADNo, 1 Jalan Tembaga SD5/2Sri Damansara52200 Kuala LumpurContact: Dato’ Richard Wong/Mr K K FongTel: +60 3 6276 7155Fax: +60 3 6175 2780Email: [email protected]: www.fittersgroup.comDealer/Distributor

SYARIKAT LETRIK CHEN GUAN SDNBHDLot 1178 Jalan Subang 3Taman Industri Sg.Penaga47610 Subang JayaSelangorMalaysiaContact: Mr Choong Yew LimTel: +603 5634 1436Fax: +603 5634 2349Email: [email protected]/Distributor

PAKISTAN

EVERGREEN DEVELOPMENTCORPORATIONSuite # 514, 5th FloorClifton CentreBlock 5 Kehkashan, CliftonKarachi 75600, PakistanContact: Mr Munawar AfridiTel: +92 21 5873 448Fax: +92 21 5870 080Email: [email protected]: www.edcpl.comDealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

ACCLAIM SYSTEMS PTE LTDBlk 21 Kallang Ave # 04-165Singapore 339412Contact: Mr Michael MokTel: +65 6299 0798Fax: +65 6299 3735Email: [email protected]: www.acclaim.sgDealer/Distributor

SWISS SECURITAS ASIA PTE LTDNo. 56 Serangoon North Ave 4#06-03, Singapore 555851SingaporeContact: Mr Andy Gan/Mr Michael Boon Tel: +65 6853 8066Fax: +65 6853 5939Email: [email protected]: www.securitas.sgDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

ATLAS TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION22F, No 1 Bausheng RoadYunghe CityTaipei, Taiwan 234, R.O.C.Contact: Mr David LiuTel: +886 2 223 20 556Fax: +886 2 223 16 657Email: [email protected]/[email protected]: www.atlasgroup.com.twDealer/Distributor

KGIC TECHNOLOGY CO LTDNo 36, Yingming 1st RoadQianzhen District, Kaohsiung City 80649Taiwan R.O.C.Contact: Mr Franco LeeTel: +886 7 715 4285/+886 7 7715 829Fax: +886 7 711 2811Email: [email protected]/Distributor

UNIVERSAL PATHS DEVELOPMENTCORPORATION (UPDC)9F-1, 306, Sec. 1, NeiHu RoadTaipei 114, Taiwan R.O.C.Contact: Mr Terry Chung/Ms Ellie ChouTel: +886 2 8751 6055Fax: +886 2 8751 6053Email: [email protected]: www.updc.com.twDealer/Distributor

THAILAND

AEGIS FIRE SAFETY CO LTD19/9 Pechphirun Building 3rd FloorThetsabansongkhro RoadLadyao, Chatujak, Bangkok 10900Contact: Mr Quek Yong SiahTel: +66 2158 0338Fax: +66 2158 0340Email: [email protected]/Distributor

FIRETRADE ENGINEERING CO LTD21/56 Soi Soonvijai, Rama IX Road Bangkapi, HuaykwangBangkok 10320, ThailandContact: Mr Taksin TantipijitTel: +66 2641 4707Fax: +66 2203 0533Email: [email protected]/Distributor




AUSTRALIA

FIRE & RESCUE AUSTRALIA PTY LTD190 Main Rd, Blackwood, South Australia, 5051Contact: Dale ThompsonTel: +61 8 8370 2739Fax: +61 8 8370 2738Email: [email protected]/Distributor

FIRE & SAFETY WA96 Furniss Rd, Landsdale, Western Australia, 6065Contact: Kerry LovettTel: +61 8 9302 3210Fax: +61 8 9302 6110Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SOLBERG ASIA PACIFIC PTY LTD PO Box 182, Kingswood NSW 2747, Australia Contact: Ted Schaefer (Technical Manager)Tel: 61 2 9673 5300Email: [email protected] Website: www.solbergfoams.com Representative Office

MALAYSIA

RHINOSHIELD INDUSTRIES(M) SDN BHD H-0-5 Ground Floor Plaza Damas, No. 60 Jalan Sri Hartamas 1, Sri Hartamas50480 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Contact: C K Lim (General Manager)Tel: +603 62033850Fax: +603 62032245 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SINGAPORE

CMA ENGINEERING SINGAPORE PTE LTD1, Yishun St. 23, #04-01 YS-One, Singapore 768441Contact: Christopher LeeTel: +65 6563 6860Fax: +65 6563 2366Email: [email protected]/Distributor

AUSTRALIA

GAAM EMERGENCY PRODUCTS29 Temple Dr., PO Box 211, ThomastownVictoria 3074, AustraliaTel: +61 3 9466 1244Fax: +61 3 9466 4743Email: [email protected]: www.gaam.com.auDealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

ROTTER INTERNATIONAL LTDFlat B 1/F Block 3,Kowloon, Hong KongTel: 85227517770Fax: 85227562051Email: [email protected]/Distributor

INDIA

FOREMOST TECHNICO PVT LTDM-1, Green Park ExtensionNew Delhi 110016, IndiaTel: +91 (11) 2619 6982Fax: +91 (11) 2616 6961Email: [email protected]: www.foremost-india.comDealer/Distributor

INDONESIA

PT PALMAS ENTRACOJl. Krekot 85, Jakarta-Pusat, IndonesiaTel: +62 (21) 384 1681Fax: +62 (21) 380 2660Email: [email protected]/Distributor

JAPAN

YONE CORPORATION23, Nishinakaai-Cho, NishinokyoNakagyo-Ku, Kyoto 604, JapanTel: +81 (7) 582-11185Fax: +81 (7) 580-12263Email: [email protected]: www.yone-co.co.jpDealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

SHILLA FIRE CO LTD433-11 Non Hon-Dong, Nam Dong-GuInchon City 405-300, South KoreaTel: +82-02-3665 9011Fax: +82-02-3663 9113Email: [email protected]: www.firekorea.comDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

SENTRIX TECHNOLOGY SDN BHD No. 2A-2, 1st Floor Jalan USJ 21/7UEP Subang Jaya, 47630 Subang JayaSelangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Tel: +603 8023-5228Fax: +603 8023-5618 Email: [email protected]: www.sentrix.comDealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

TYCO SAFETY PRODUCTS 6 Portage Road New Lynn Auckland 0600, New Zealand Tel: +64 9 826 1707 Fax: +64 9 826 1740 Email: [email protected] Website: www.tycosafetyproducts.com Dealer/Distributor

PAKISTAN

FIRESTOP PVT LIMITED6/B, 1st FloorDinar Chambers, PO Box # 5786West Wharf Road, Karachi-74000Pakistan Tel: 9221-2315675, 2313065Fax: 9221-2310457, 5831015 Email: [email protected] Website: www.firestopaids.comDealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

ALLIANCE INDUSTRIAL SALESUnit 4, Finlandia Town Homes#1700 Diancor. Finlandia StreetBrgy, San Isidro, 1234 Makati CityPhilippines Tel: +63 21 7546 1749Fax: +63 2 887 7173 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SINGAPORE

S.K. ROSENBAUER PTE LTD8 Tuas Drive 2Singapore 638643SingaporeTel: +65 6862 3155Fax: +65 6862 0273Email: [email protected]: www.skrosenbauer.comDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

YONE CORPORATION23, Nishinakaai-ChoNishinokyo, Nakagyo-Ku, Kyoto 604, JapanTel: +81 (7) 582-11185 Fax: +81 (7) 580-12263Email: [email protected]: www.yone-co.co.jpDealer/Distributor

THAILAND

ANTI-FIRE CO LTD316-316/1, Sukhumvit 22 RoadKlongtoey Klongtoey, Bangkok 10110, ThailandTel: +66 2259 6898 Fax: +66 2258 2422Email: [email protected]: www.antifire.comDealer/Distributor

VIETNAM

TAN DUC JOINT STOCK COMPANY N15-16 D2 Street, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Tel: 84838990678 Fax: 84838990698 Email: [email protected] Website: www.tanducco.com.vnDealer/Distributor

XTRALIS AUSTRALIA

XTRALIS – MELBOURNE4 North Drive, Virginia Park 236-262 East Boundary Road Bentleigh East VIC 3165 AustraliaTel: +61 (0) 3 9936 7000 Fax: +61 (0) 3 9936 7201 Regional Head Office

HONG KONG

XTRALIS – HONG KONGRoom 2301, World-Wide House,19 Des Voeux Road, Central, Hong Kong Office Tel: + 852 2916 8876Fax: + 852 2916 8897Email: [email protected]: www.xtralis.comRegional Head Office

Phone Numbers for Other XtralisOffices in Asia Pacific: BANGALORE, INDIATel: +91 98866 43314

BEIJING, CHINA Tel: +86 10 8225 0695 Fax: +86 10 8225 0716

BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA Tel: +617 3246 5253 Fax: +617 3216 6599

CHENGDU, CHINATel: +86 28 6808 6172

MUMBAI, INDIA Tel: +91 224 264 7770 Fax: +91 224 264 7775

NEW DELHI, INDIATel: +91 97 1114 1416

SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA Tel: +612 9808 2577 Fax: +612 9808 2599

SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA Tel: +82 10 9102 0914 Fax: +82 2 553 8832

SINGAPORE Tel: +65 6570 1864Fax: +65 6570 1823

SHANGHAI, CHINA Tel: +86 21 5240 0077 Fax: +86 21 5238 2443

TAIPEI, TAIWAN Tel: +886 2 2657 1962 Fax: +886 2 2657 2094

WUHAN, CHINATel: +86 27 8668 1621 Fax: +86 27 8668 1621





ASIA PACIFICFIRE MAGAZINEGET YOUR SUBSCRIPTION NOW!!!

APF IS PUBLISHED 4 TIMES A YEAR – MARCH, JUNE, SEPTEMBER

AND DECEMBER

Name:––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Company/Organisation: –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Address: ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Telephone: ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Fax: ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

E-mail: ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Start Subscription from Issue: –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Subscription Rates: Sterling £50.00 AUS Dollars – $100.00US Dollars – $70.00

Back Issues: US $18.00, £10.00 or AUS Dollars $20 each inclusive of P&P (subject to availability)

METHODS OF PAYMENT:

Website Subscription: –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Cheque: ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Visa/Mastercard No: –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Expiry Date: ––––––––––––––––––––––– Security Code: ––––––––––––––––(last three digits on reverse of card)

MDM Publishing Ltd.The Abbey Manor Business Centre, The Abbey, Preston Road,

Yeovil, Somerset BA20 2EN, United Kingdom

ADVERTISERS’ INDEXSUBSCRIPTIONS







✂ ✂www.mdmpublishing.com

MDM Publishing Ltd.

Bauer Compressors Asia Pte Ltd 42

Bio-Ex 41

Blücher GmbH 45

Bristol Uniforms Ltd. 42

Coltri Asia Pacific 41

Con-Space Communications 28

Control Logic s.r.l. 2

Cutters Edge 13

Dafo Fomtec AB 14

Draeger Safety Asia Pte Ltd. OBC

Dr. Sthamer Hamburg 25

DuPont Fire Extinguishants 32

Dynax Corporation 21

Elkhart Brass Mfg Co Inc 22

Fike Corporation 38

Fire Fighting Enterprises 35

Fire Fighting Foams Coalition 19

Firetrace International 52

Holmatro Rescue Equipment 28

Janus Fire Systems 35

NFPA 04

PBI Performance Products, Inc. IBC

Pelican Products Australia 31

Plastika Akrapovic 51

Securiton AG 48

Simulation Ltd 27

Solberg Asia Pacific Pty. Ltd. 26

Super Vacuum Manufacturing Inc. 49

Task Force Tips, Inc. IFC

Texas A & M Emergency Services Training Institute 24

Unifire USA 46

Xtralis Pty Ltd. 56

Ziamatic Corporation 45

ASIA PACIFICFIRE MAGAZINEASIA PACIFIC

FIRE MAGAZINE

If paying by credit card please fax details. DO NOT post/mail.Fax: +44 (0) 1935 426926

P. 72 Subs/Ad. index 9/12/10 3:56 pm Page 72

PBI Matrix®. . . The Power Grid.

PBI Gold, PBI Matrix and PBI TriGuard are registered trademarks of PBI Performance Products, Inc. © 2011. All rights reserved.

Im Gewerbepark D23 // D-93059 Regensburg, GermanyT +49 (0) 941 465 275 9-9 // F +49 (0) 941 465 275 9-8

E-mail: [email protected]

22 Mallard Way // Pride Park // Derby DE24 8GX UKT +44 (0) 1332 290466 // F +44 (0) 1332 290952

E-mail: [email protected]

PBI Performance Products, Inc. // 9800 Southern Pine Blvd Suite D // Charlotte, NC 28273 // 800-858-2467 // pbiproducts.com

Proudly Saluting Queensland Fire & Rescue Authority for Adopting PBI.

Better performance, better comfort and better value in outer shell protection. PBI Matrix takes PBI’s proven protective characteristics of unmatched fl ame and thermal protection to another level by reinforcing them with a unique grid of high strength aramid fi lament fi ber — for unsurpassed performance and durability. Tough and rugged, PBI Matrix responds call after call and remains service worthy by providing increased resistance to rips, tears and abrasions. This revolutionary outer shell is lightweight, fast drying, and offers superior comfort and reliability. More than just premium protection, it’s a valuable asset in your fi re fi ghting arsenal...PBI Matrix. What else would you expect from the people who set the standard for unmatched personal protection and performance…PBI Gold® , PBI Matrix® and PBI TriGuard® see the difference.

PBI_Matrix_APF_0111.indd 1 12/8/10 10:40:19 AM

2082

The new Dräger PSS® 5000 compressed air breathing apparatus No matter what danger you are faced with: the new Dräger PSS 5000 adapts to your operational conditions.You can select from two harnesses: the basic Dräger Standard (DS) variant and the Dräger Professional (DP),which is particularly robust and offers maximum comfort. To avoid snagging, medium and high-pressure linesare integrated in the back plate.The hoses can be individually routed over the left or right shoulder. The prevention of excessive dirt and wateringress and the ease of dismantling without the need for additional tools results in a harness which is easy toclean and decontaminate and keeps maintenance downtime to a minimum.Within a short time, your Dräger PSS 5000 is ready for the next challenge. www.draeger.com

Designed to

go through fire with you.

2082_Ad_PSS_5000_DINA4_engl:2 08/12/2010 10:33 Page 1

APF Issue 36

Documents

Transcript of APF Issue 36