APF Issue 27

REPORTING TO THE ASIA PACIFIC FIRE PROTECTION AND FIRE SERVICE INDUSTRYREPORTING TO THE ASIA PACIFIC FIRE PROTECTION AND FIRE SERVICE INDUSTRY

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE MAGAZINEASIA PACIFIC FIRE MAGAZINE

An MDM PUBLICATIONIssue 27 – September 2008

www.mdmpublishing.com



OFC_APF27_FINAL 11/9/08 11:09 AM Page ofc1

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 1

Front Cover Picture: A firefighter stands infront of a burning rubber plant in thesouthern province of Yala, 1,200 km (746miles) from Bangkok, February 21, 2007.Militants lobbed fire bombs overnight intothe export-oriented warehouse andsmoking plant, the largest one in the threesouthernmost provinces. REUTERS/SurapanBoonthanom (THAILAND)

PublishersMark Seton & David Staddon

Editorial ContributorsVincent DeGiorgio, Bianca Frost, DaveOpheim, John Allen, John Eklund,Mitchell C Baclawski, Mathew Lock,Alec Don, Phil Kidner

APF is published quarterly by:MDM Publishing Ltd The Abbey Manor Business Centre,The Abbey, Preston Road, Yeovil,Somerset BA20 2EN, United KingdomTel: +44 (0) 1935 426 428Fax: +44 (0) 1935 426 926 Email: [email protected]: www.mdmpublishing.com

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DISCLAIMER:The views and opinions expressed in ASIA PACIFIC FIRE MAGAZINE are notnecessarily those of MDM Publishing Ltd.The magazine and publishers are in noway responsible or legally liable for anyerrors or anomalies made within theeditorial by our authors. All articles are protected by copyright and writtenpermission must be sought from thepublishers for reprinting or any form ofduplication of any of the magazinescontent. Any queries should be addressedin writing to the publishers.Reprints of articles are available on request.Prices on application to the Publishers.

Page design by DorchesterTypesetting Group LtdPrinted in Singapore







September 2008Issue 27

67-70

05 NFPA Foreword

07-19 News &Product Profiles

21-24 The Fire-SafeCleanroom JourneyContinues

27-32 Planning theGreat Escape:Emergency EvacuationPlanning

35-38 Selectingand Placing GasDetectors forMaximum ApplicationProtection

41-44 Foams:Asking the RightQuestions, Making theRight Choices

47-50 LifePreserving Standards

53-55 ConfinedSpace Rescue 101

57-60 RespiratoryProtection TrainingSystems

63-65 Safer byDesign

67-70 TETRAProfessional MobileRadio

72-79 Distributor &Representative OfficeListing

80 Advertisers’ Index

53-55

47-50

41-44

35-38

27-32

63-65

57-60

Contents

P. 01 Contents 11/9/08 11:22 AM Page 1

MDM dps IFF15 24/7/07 10:13 AM Page 2

MDM dps IFF15 24/7/07 10:13 AM Page 3

A fire cannot only disrupt your business, it can have a

tremendous impact on your customers, and their customers,

and so on down the line.

That’s why we’re committed to providing a full line of fast,

efficient clean agent fire extinguishants that take only seconds

to suppress a fire. Because the more quickly a fire is put out,

the easier it is to protect employees and valuable equipment—

and keep your business running smoothly.

We believe fire protection is about more than just fire—

it’s about business continuity.

1.800.473.7790

cleanagents.dupont.com

DuPont Fire Extinguishants. The Science of Protection.™

In a fire, there’s more than a workplace at stake.

Copyright © 2008 DuPont. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont ™, The miracles of science™,

The Science of Protection™, FE-227 ™, FE-25 ™, FE-36 ™, FM-200 ® and FE-13 ™ are trademarks or

registered trademarks of E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

DFE08-801G_Brand_Rev_IFP_08-08.i1 1 6/26/08 9:23:47 AM

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 5

FOREWORD

While the west has slowed its desire forsuper tall structures, projects arenonetheless underway in Chicago and

New York among other cities to deliver someunique high rise buildings. Unlike design andconstruction approaches for high rise buildings inthe 1960s and 1970s, the safety of the occupantsis a prime concern rather than an afterthought.Building floor plate design now days is tied asmuch to the travel distance to the exits as it is tothe functionality of the space. Arguments over theneed for automatic sprinklers are non-existent.Sprinklers are just as much a part of the acceptedfeatures in any high rise building as is the elevator,or the walls or the ceiling.

In fact, enhanced features like voice communi-cation systems and robust systems to improve firstresponder communications within the high-riseenvironment are all part of the safety features thatmake these structures among the safest in theworld. Newly developed concepts for the high riseenvironment include occupant evacuation eleva-tors, first responder elevators and introduction ofthe situation awareness concept. These provisionswill be in the latest editions of NFPA 101 and NFPA5000 and point to NFPA’s commitment to keepimproving upon the range of safety features thatare available to the building occupants and thefirst responders.

Plans for the recently announced Farrer Roadresidential development in Singapore will includeseven, 36 story buildings making it the largestresidential development in Singapore. The twistedand tapered design of the Central China Television(CCTV) headquarters building in Beijing receivedattention during global broadcast of the 2008Summer Olympics. Application of the NFPA codesto these unique designs may also call for uniquesolutions to the fire safety needs of the occupants.In addition to fixed asset systems and features, the

Farrer Road towers, CCTV and the Burj Dubai alikealso require a comprehensive emergency plan forthe hundreds or thousands of occupants who willlive or work in these buildings. Select projects inthe Middle East have applied the principlescontained within NFPA 1600, Standard onDisaster/Emergency Management and BusinessContinuity Programs to address the planning com-ponents should it become necessary to relocate orevacuate occupants.

The membership of NFPA, has an obligation toencourage use and adoption of the NFPA codesand standards that are continuously evolving toaddress the current hazards and risks that aretypical in the high rise environment. NFPA 101®,Life Safety Code® and NFPA 5000®, BuildingConstruction and Safety Code® have beenupdated in recent years to respond to several ofthe recommendation that came out of the federalinvestigation of the World Trade Center attacks in2001. As we approach the seven year anniversaryof that event, a final report on the demise of WTCBuilding 7 was just released on August 21, 2008.NFPA Technical Committees will be reviewing tothat report to see what if any, other changes areneeded to be made to the 300 NFPA codes andstandards.

We can expect to see taller and taller structures,but we will continue to see appropriate levels ofsafety embedded in these buildings. As technolo-gies change, the fundamental mission of NFPA willstill be applicable-to reduce the worldwide burdenof fire and other hazards on the quality of life byproviding and advocating consensus codes andstandards, research, training, and education.Perhaps no other building embodies the need forthe four main attributes of this mission than ahigh-rise. We can go up, up and away, with safetysecurely tethered to the building design principlesand concepts.

By Olga Caledonia

Executive DirectorInternationalOperations, NFPA

Foreword Up, Up but Not Away (with Safety)As the popular song from the 1970’s implied, you could travel up, up and awayin my beautiful balloon. In 2008, you simply need a reliable and dependableelevator to travel a startling vertical distance of 620m – more than a third of mileinto the sky. The Burj Dubai is presently the tallest building in the world – and ithas still not been topped out – it is likely to get even higher. With a scheduledopening in early 2009, the Burj is anticipated to be in the neighborhood of620m (1,850 feet). Not to be outdone, developers and governments alike in theMiddle East and Asia are eyeing plans to go even higher than whatever theultimate height of the Burj will be.

P. 05 Foreword 11/9/08 11:24 AM Page 5

India is the second fastest growing economy in the world. With its security market estimated to be worth a staggering US$ 500 million and the fire protection sector worth US$ 338 million, there is ample opportunity to shape this burgeoning industry.

IFSEC India returns this year to offer you the tailored support, advice and networking opportunities your business needs to excel in this booming market.

Over 170 exhibitors and 8,000 visitors from 56 countries attended the inaugural event in 2007. Still serving as the only international security event in the south Asian region, this year’s show looks set to be even better with the launch of co-located exhibition Firex India – an extension of the successful Firex group of events.

How are you keeping up-to-date with global industry trends?

Together, IFSEC India and Firex India offer you the definitive cross-section in fire and security products, knowledge, services and expertise.

Organised by: Supported by: Founding partner: Foundation partners:

Make sure you don’t miss your chance to be a part of this major emerging market. Register free today at www.ifsecindia.com/apf

Introducing co-located event

catering for professionals specialising in fire protection and prevention

IFSEC and Firex India 2008 promises a host of

visitor attractions:

• 150 world leading exhibitors already confirmed

• Live demonstrations of the latest technologies

• Exchange knowledge and best practice

• Dedicated two-day conference

• Networking opportunities – mingle with key industry figures and peers

• Free educational seminars

• Free access to both events

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 7

NEWS

A complete fire detection and SKUM™foam fire firefighting system has beensupplied to UAE-based Consilium MiddleEast (FZC) and installed to protect the newEMOIL petroleum storage and the newEMDAD aviation fuel storage anddistribution terminal at the Jebel Ali FreeZone in Dubai. It comprises foam skids,foam tanks, foam pourers, bund pourers, adeluge system, an LHS linear heat sensordetection system, and a hydrant system,together with foam and water monitorsand AR-AFFF 3x3 alcohol-resistantaqueous film-forming foam concentrate.

Installed primarily to protect hydrocarbonstorage tanks, pump houses and truckloading bays at the storage terminal, theintegrated installation also safeguards thepipeline that supplies aviation fuel to DubaiInternational Airport. EMOIL is a jointventure between Emarat [Emirates GeneralPetroleum Corporation], BP GlobalInvestments, and Trafigura Beheer, whileEMDAD is a joint venture between Emarat,Air BP and Shell. Installation of the SKUMequipment was undertaken by the Italianengineering, procurement and constructionspecialist, Belleli Energy.

The facility is being used for bothblending and storing gasoline products tomeet Emarat’s own requirements for highquality gasoline, as well as supplying localand regional markets. Built on a 46,000square metres site, it includes nine storagetanks with a total capacity of 228,000 cubicmeters. Of this, the aviation fuel storagefacility has a 155,000 cubic metre capacitytank farm and includes a 57-kilometrecross-country 300mm diameter pipeline totransport the jet fuel direct to the airport.

Fredric Pettersson, Regional SalesManager for foam and foam hardware atTyco Fire Suppression & Building Products,Middle East, points to the ability to providea single-source supply solution comprisingboth the foam agent and the deliverysystem as a key factor in securing theorder. He comments: “SKUM is very muchin the solutions business, so it has amasseda huge bank of knowledge in terms of therisks inherent in this type of strategic, highvalue, high hazard site. This has allowed usto develop a fire safety model for theterminal that is in around-the-clockreadiness to react instantly to any spillageor fire emergency on the site.”

The importance of this capability isendorsed by Mr M. M. Usman, OperationsManager for the Terminal, who comments:“Health, safety and environmental issuesare very important in an environment suchas this and we have very high standards,which are strictly enforced, according toboth industry standards and those of the

joint venture partners,” The SKUM brand is recognised globally

as the industry’s leading provider ofdependable and efficient firefightingsolutions for high value, high riskpetrochemical, aviation, marine and powerplant applications.

Further details on SKUM – Skum is theSwedish word for foam, which ispronounced “skoom” – solutions andexpertise can be found at www.skum.com,or are obtainable by email [email protected] and bytelephone on +46 303 57700

Skum™ protection for newJebel Ali storage terminals

New South Wales Fire BrigadeBring Remploy To TheDisaster Response Frontline The New South Wales (NSW) Fire Brigade has announced that it purchased an undisclosed number ofCougar suits from the global leader in personal protection equipment (PPE) Remploy Frontline. TheCougar PPE ensemble will allows the NSW Fire Brigade to better respond to, and manage, a host ofincidences – from toxic industrial chemical spills to terror attacks.

Remploy’s PPE solution reduces direct personnel contamination and cross-contamination on- andoff-site. The Remploy suits were chosen because they provide unparalleled protection and mobilitywhilst providing significantly lower body burden than most PPE available today.

A member of the NSW Fire Brigade that tested the suits said: “Cougar’s physiological burden wasquite low, especially considering that we were fully-operational in a hot tropical climate – it felt likewe were just wearing regular uniforms.”

As part of Remploy’s new customer-centric approach, the Cougar suits are part of an integratedensemble solution for its customers, making certain that everything from boots to headgear is tightlyfit together.

Whilst the CBRNE (chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and explosives) threats aresignificantly less in Australia than they are in the US or other NATO / EU countries, a seniorspokesperson at the NSW Fire Brigade said they are starting to become accustomed to training andpreparing for various CBRN-related threats.

Remploy Frontline Global Business Manager John Armstrong said: “These purchases for NewSouth Wales demonstrate three things… First, it demonstrates that CBRNE PPE is now compulsory forall emergency services worldwide. Second, it shows that the civilian sector must have the highestquality CBRNE PPE available when responding to, and managing, an emergency situation. Third, thisreaffirms Remploy’s commitment to growth in the Asia-Pacific region.”

For more information, please visit www.remployfrontline.com

P. 07-16 News 11/9/08 11:25 AM Page 7

Within the SPERIAN PROTECTIONGROUP – world leader in PPE market– the Fenzy range is specialized in thefield of open and closed circuitrespiratory equipment, starting fromdisposable half-masks to longduration SCBA.

With more than a century of safetyexpertise and innovation culture,Sperian Respiratory Protection France,through its Fenzy range, is one of thebreathing apparatus business leaderson the market.

Working in close collaborationwith fire brigades and industryprofessionals, has resulted in thedesign of performing reliable andlatest advanced technology apparatus.

One of our latest effective innovations is ourtelemetry system the Fenzy Angel-Metry, whichcan transmit all safety parameters of our FenzySelf-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA):Temperature, remaining duration, pressure,Alarms…

It reinforces the safety of your Firemen when they go into mission, as you keep an eye permanently on them remotely using a

data broadcast.The Fenzy Angel-Metry base station

comprises different electronic devices equippedwith electronic intelligence intended to transmitin real time the information shown on thedisplay of the Fenzy Angel-Metry transmitterdevice mounted on the SCBA shoulder strap tothe Fenzy Angel-Metry monitoring stationcomputer, via one or several Angel-Metry relaystations.

Depending on the distance andobstructions between the FenzyAngel-Metry transmitter device(s) andthe Fenzy Angel-Metry monitoringstation, other Fenzy Angel-Metry relaystations can be stand with supportson the ground. All of them areindependent and communicatebetween themselves. In case ofdanger, it is possible to activate anindividual or common recall signalfrom outside.

Fenzy Angel-Metry relay stationsare available so that the signal isnever lost between the Fenzy Angel-Metry transmitter devices and theAngel-Metry monitoring station, even

on areas where signal spreading is much moredifficult (car parks, confined spaces…)

Effective innovations for a maximum safetythis is our mission.

For more information, please contact us:Sperian Respiratory Protection FranceTel: +33 (0) 1 49 90 79 79Email: [email protected]: www.sperianprotection.com

8 ASIA PACIFIC FIRE

NEWS

Sperian Protection Group

SIMULATION, based inStaffordshire, UK(www.simulation.uk.com)have recently beenawarded a contract toprovide a Maritime Fire Training Unit to the Faculty of MarineScience, King Abdul Aziz University in Jeddah. “We are please toannounce that we have been selected by the university in Jeddah todeliver this Maritime Fire Training Unit. This marks another milestonein the achievements of our company as traditionally we have a verystrong position in the aviation sector with the supply of state of theart aircraft fire training simulators, as we are now providing universityestablishments in the middle east region.” Work has alreadycommenced on the construction phase of the project and completionand handover of the facility is planned for December 2008. Themaritime fire training units consists of a range of internalcompartments of a ship and the unit is multi-level. There are a totalof 7 internal lpg fires. These fire scenarios will be Deck 1 – EngineFire, Split Flange Fire, Fuel Spill and on Deck 2 there will be a BedFire, Cooker Fire, Cooker Spill and Ceiling Rollover Fire. All firesscenarios will be LPG. There will be a fixed fighting system withoutlet points on both Deck levels. There will be full PLC computercontrolled safety and fire control management system includingelectronic ignition, gas monitoring, temperature monitoring,mechanical extraction, data logging and alarms. Steve Fahey,Managing Director continues “This project will be the first we havesupplied to a university in the Middle East and it is anticipated thatmany more opportunities for product development and supply willfollow in the months and years ahead in this region.”

For more information visit our website www.simulation.uk.com

Trellchem® VPS-Flashprotective suit– gains NFPA 1991-2005 and optionalchemical flash fire certificationTRELLEBORG PROTECTIVE PRODUCTS, a product area of TrelleborgEngineered Systems, announces the next generation of Flash ProtectiveHazmat Suits, the Trellchem® VPS-Flash. This is fully certified to NFPA1991-2005 and has also gained optional chemical flash fire certification.This unique certification was achieved with a single skin, providing bettermaneuverability and comfort to the wearer.

The new Trellchem® VPS-Flash is a reusable, single skin, one layer suit.It is certificated to NFPA 1991-2005 and has also gained optional chemicalflash fire certification. In the tests required for this, the suit far exceededthe minimum requirements. In the Overall Ensemble Flash Test, followingexposure to a six to eight second flash fire, the suit held pressure andpassed a visual acuity test of 20/100 or better. To pass the FlammabilityResistance Test, following a series of burns, the suit must self extinguishafter two seconds. In fact, the Trellchem® VPS-Flash did not ignite.

This unique certification was achieved with a single skin suit. Thisgives the benefits of better maneuverability and comfort to the user, ascompared to a suit with an over cover.

The Trellchem® VPS-Flash is made of a new patent pending material.This combines specialized rubber and plastic laminates with a specialwoven fabric, forming a strong and flexible material that offersoutstanding chemical flash fire protection. In addition this materialexhibits excellent resistance to abrasion, punctures, tears and superiorchemical resistance properties.

The suit comes with the following asstandard:● Impact Resistant Hard Visor● Superior Neoprene closure● Easy Don/Doff Bayonet Cuff System ● High-Visibility Orange Color● Optional Anti-Fog Lens (virtually eliminates

all condensation!)● Highest material abrasion resistance

For more information, please contact:Trelleborg ProtectiveProductsTel: +46 410 510 00Website:www.trelleborg.com/trellchem

Contract Award –Simulation win Contractin Saudi Arabia

P. 07-16 News 11/9/08 11:25 AM Page 8

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 9

PBI PerformanceProducts celebrates25 yearsPBI PerformanceProducts Inc.Since opening its doors in 1983, PBIPerformance Products Inc. hasexperienced a high level of success as the world’s only producer of thepolybenzimidazole (PBI) fiber.

PRODUCT PROFILE

Manufacturing the PBI Gold®, PBI TriGuardTmand PBI Matrix®, PBI Performance Prod-ucts strives to protect workers in the fire

service, industrial, military and special operationsindustries from the dangers associated with heatand flame. With 25 successful years behind thecompany, the employees at PBI are proud of wherethey are today, and see a lot of opportunities forthe next 25 years.

The history of the PBI fiber and polymer datesback to 1961, when H. Vogel and C.S. Marvel firstsynthesized PBI and discovered its ability to main-tain exceptional thermal and oxidative stability.After the crew of the Apollo 1 was killed due to afire during a prelaunch test in 1967, NASA begansearching for a flame-resistant material to use in theflight suits. In 1969, after discovering Vogel andMarvel’s research papers, NASA started using thePBI fibre to protect its astronauts, marking the firsttime that PBI was used to offer protection from fire.

The PBI polymer gained an even wider accep-tance when, in 1978, the International Associationof Firefighters (IAFF) published its Project FIRES(Firefighters Integrated Response EquipmentSystem) report. The report stated that a blend of40-percent PBI/60-percent Kevlar provided hightear strength and high heat resistance. “ProjectFIRES was a very important report, and it really putPBI fibre on the map in the fire service industry,”said Grant Reeves, PBI’s president. According toWilliam Lawson, PBI’s managing director andCOO, PBI gained an even larger share of the U.S.fire service industry when the New York City FireDepartment switched to PBI in 1994.

In 1996, PBI began selling globally and today,the company’s products have gained a globalacceptance as being the highest performingdimensionally stable, flame-resistant fibre on themarket. PBI reached another milestone in 2005when The InterTech Group Inc., owned by JerryZucker, purchased the company, giving it new lifeand a new mandate to grow and fulfill its globalpotential. “The new ownership has allowed thecompany to expand geographically and technolog-ically, and there is a commitment to expand thattechnology,” Reeves said. “Jerry Zucker saw great

potential for the business and re-energized ourwork force to strive for higher goals,” Lawsonsaid. “Sadly, Mr. Zucker recently passed away andwhile we will miss him, his vision for the businesshas been deeply rooted.”

That vision, shared by Reeves, sees PBI as beingthe pre-eminent level of protection for firefightersglobally. “We also see PBI as a material that is des-tined to play a major role in our space program, andas a material that will replace quartz, ceramics andsome metals in the electronic and semiconductorindustry,” he said. “Perhaps most importantly, PBIwill also be a solution in cleaning the environment,whether it’s separating carbon dioxide from naturalgas or making ethanol distillation more efficient.“We also see PBI as diversifying into military applica-tions where the threat from flash burn is the primarythreat, and we see growth from the internationalacceptance of PBI,” he said. “We know there aremany markets that are in need of higher perfor-mance materials,” Lawson said. “As those needsbecome more apparent, we believe PBI will either bethe solution or be part of the solution.”

To commemorate its 25-year anniversary, PBIwill celebrate with customers, loyal partners andemployees throughout the year. APF

For more information, call +1 704 554 3815 or visitwww.pbigold.com

As appeared in BIC MagazineJune/July 2008. Reprintedcourtesy of Business &Industry Connection BatonRouge, LA U.S.A.

P. 09 PBI Prod. Profile 11/9/08 12:38 PM Page 9

10 ASIA PACIFIC FIRE

Firetrace® ensures“Micro-environmen

PRODUCT PROFILE

Increasingly, organisations are becoming alert tothe need to safeguard high-value key assets.They are aware that what is often at stake is far

more than the cost of replacement, as losing theasset may well jeopardise the organisation’s abilityto meet its contractual obligations, damage cus-tomer confidence – potentially even put theorganisation’s very survival at risk. The only way toavoid this is to ensure the shortest possible gapbetween a fire, its detection and suppression.

But what is FIRETRACE and how does it work?Genuine FIRETRACE is an automatic self-seekingfire extinguishing system that comprises an extin-guishing agent cylinder attached to proprietaryFiretrace Detection Tubing via a custom-engineeredvalve. This small-bore polymer tubing is a linearpneumatic heat and flame detector that was speciallydeveloped to deliver the desired temperature-

sensitive detection and delivery characteristics. Theleak-resistant tubing quickly detects a fire at itssource, ruptures and automatically releases thesuppression agent, extinguishing the fire preciselywhere it starts and before it can take hold.

Significantly, unlike conventional “point” detec-tors that can take time to activate, FIRETRACEdetects along the entire length of the tube. Theflexibility of the proprietary tube means that hardto reach areas do not present any problems; it canbe “snaked” through the smallest or most com-plex enclosures, providing protection wherever it isneeded. The FIRETRACE Detection Tubing’s uniqueproperties enable it to endure harsh environments– from the dirt heat and vibration of an engineenclosure to chemical attacks from elements usedin fume cupboards.

To provide the best protection for the specific

For more information, pleasecontact:Firetrace International15690 N 83rd Way Ste BScottsdaleAZ 85260-1844USATel: +1 480 607 1218Email: [email protected]: www.firetrace.com

Introduced more than two decades ago, genuine FIRETRACE® stand-aloneautomatic fire suppression systems for micro environments are today cost-effectively protecting over 65,000 pieces of business-critical equipment, electricalenclosures, cabinets, machinery housings and technical systems around theworld. By providing reliable around-the-clock unsupervised protection,FIRETRACE stops a fire before it can do expensive and possibly irreparabledamage to vital equipment or produce volumes of life-threatening smoke andtoxic fumes.

P. 10-11 Firetrace Prod Profile 11/9/08 12:39 PM Page 10

fire risk, FIRETRACE is installed along with themost appropriate fire suppression agent for theparticular hazard. It can be supplied with mostcommercially available agents and is ideal for ClassA, B, C and D fires. The particular agent is selectedfollowing a careful assessment of the hazard andis chosen to ensure that the discharge of the agentdoes not itself damage the asset being protected.

Currently, FIRETRACE agents include dry chemi-cals, CO2, foam, water and a range of clean andenvironmentally-acceptable chemical agents,including FM-200® and 3M™ Novec™ 1230 Fluid.Every FIRETRACE installation is entirely self-contained and is in a state of constant around-the-clock readiness. It requires no electrical power andno expensive control panel; its cost-effectiveness isfurther boosted by the fact that it can be installedquickly and simply and the maintenance require-ment, although important, is minimal.

FIRETRACE systems can be configured for eitherdirect release or indirect release, and are availableas either a low-pressure or high-pressure system.The choice depends upon the type of enclosure,the particular fire hazard and the suppressionagent selected. The Direct Release System utilisesthe FIRETRACE tube as both the detection deviceand the suppressant delivery system. If a firebreaks out, the tube ruptures nearest the pointwhere the most heat is detected, forming aneffective spray nozzle that releases the entire con-tents of the cylinder to suppress the fire.

The Indirect Release System is typically used inlarger areas requiring a higher volume of extin-guishing agent. It uses the FIRETRACE tube as adetection and system activation device, but not forthe agent discharge. The rupturing of the tuberesults in a drop of pressure causing the indirectvalve to activate. This diverts flow from the detec-tion tube and the agent is discharged from thecylinder through diffuser nozzles, flooding theentire enclosure. High pressure FIRETRACE systemsallow high pressure suppressants, such as CO2 andNitrogen to be utilised.

This versatility and effectiveness has led to FIRE-TRACE being used in an ever increasing range ofindustrial, on-road and off-road vehicle and masstransit market sectors. Applications such as electri-cal panels, laboratory fume cupboards in the phar-maceutical, oil, gas and chemicals industries, busengine compartments, CNC and other workshopmachinery are now commonplace. So too areapplications within the mining industry, powergeneration, remote telecommunications installa-tions, wind turbines and the protection of cabletrays.

Much of this increasing popularity is down tothe reliability and build quality of the genuine FIRE-TRACE product, the investment that FiretraceInternational continues to make into ever moreefficient fire protection solutions, and the numberof major international listings, approvals andaccreditations the systems have amassed. These

include such organisations as UL [UnderwritersLaboratories], FM [Factory Mutual], NFPA [NationalFire Protection Association] and more than 25other internationally renowned and independentaccreditation and approvals agencies.

Indeed, it is this combination of quality, exper-tise and approvals that differentiates genuine FIRE-TRACE products manufactured by FiretraceInternational from those supplied by companiesthat have taken advantage of the FIRETRACEname, brand and reputation to offer inferior prod-ucts that lack any form of testing, third-partyaccreditation or approval. Often these non-authorised tube-based “imposter” products arenot installed to the established FIRETRACE guide-lines, utilise inappropriate suppression agents,incorporate sub-standard detection tubing, andare not backed with adequate post-installationtechnical support.

The result is a detection and suppression instal-lation that may fail when it is most criticallyneeded, converting any small cost saving whencompared with the genuine article into the poten-tially crippling loss of a mission-critical asset.Worse, it may result in allowing the fire to spread,risking damage to other assets or threatening lives.For this reason, Firetrace International has createda global network of authorised FIRETRACE distrib-utors. These trading partners are skilled in hazardanalysis, agent and system selection, installation,commissioning and support. They also use onlygenuine FIRETRACE components. Details of theseauthorised distributors are available by contactingFiretrace International at [email protected]. APF

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 11

es reliable ent” Protection

PRODUCT PROFILE

P. 10-11 Firetrace Prod Profile 11/9/08 12:39 PM Page 11


NEWS

As part of its expansion strategyin the southern hemisphere,BRISTOL UNIFORMS has recentlyappointed Queensland basedPacific Helmets Aust to handlemarket development and thedistribution of its firefighterprotective clothing acrossAustralia.

Bristol, recognised as a leadinginternational innovator andmanufacturer of firefighter PPE,now supplies its range ofprotective clothing to firefightersin 110 countries around theworld through an expanding network ofspecialist distributors serving the emergencyservices. Pacific Helmets Aust (PHA) werecarefully selected to support Bristol’s plansto grow its presence in the Australianmarket and join a network of over 70distributors who together handle round50% of the company’s business whichcomes from overseas.

Commenting on the new partnershipbetween his company and Bristol Uniforms,Managing Director Keith Ward explainedPHA’s background when he said, “PacificHelmets Aust P/L was established in 2000 byKeith and Kerrie Ward. Keith has had 30years experience in the fire equipment supplyindustry. PHA is one of Australia’s largestindependent supply companies anddistributes a number of quality products e.g.Siebe Gorman, ESKA gloves, Life Liner hoods,E2V Argus 4 TIC and Pacific Helmets to namebut a few. We are a major contract supplierto all of the Australian metropolitan and ruralfire services and have established ourselves byproviding prompt service and quality certified

products”. He added, “Our decision toestablish links with Bristol Uniforms willreinforce our commitment to distributequality certified fire clothing to the Australianfire industry. We are excited and proud to bethe Australian distributor for Bristol. For moreinformation about us do visit our web sitewww.pacifichelmetsaust.com”.

Roger Startin, Bristol’s Joint ManagingDirector commented, “Interest in our newgeneration of lightweight structural kit inthe form of the Ergotech™ and ErgotechAction™ ensembles and the recentlyintroduced wildland firefighting PPE basedon Ergotech™ design principles suggeststhere is a significant potential market forthese class leading products in Australia. Weare pleased to have Pacific Helmets Australiaas our new partners to help drive forwardour sales development programme there”.

For more information, please contact:Bristol Uniforms Ltd.Tel: +44 117 956 3101Email: [email protected]

Bristol appoints Pacific HelmetsAustralia as its distributor forfirefighter PPE in Australia

Torrent of interestin new AnsulThunderstormFoamANSUL® has teamed up with Williams Fire andHazard Control Inc to developTHUNDERSTORM®

ATC 1 x 3, a newgeneration ofalcohol resistantAFFF foamconcentrate. It isspecificallydesigned to fightfires in oilrefineries, wherethere is never anyscope forcompromise or second best.

THUNDERSTORM uses new technology andhas a dramatically reduced viscosity whencompared with other 1 x 3 listed polar-solventtype AFFF concentrates on the market. Thisenhances the foam’s performance in all types offoam proportioning equipment, including in-lineeductors, balanced pressure systems and vehicle-mounted, built-in systems.

It can be used as a three percent solution onfires involving polar solvents, such as acetone,methanol and methyl ethyl ketone, and a onepercent ratio on fires involving hydrocarbonssuch as high-octane petrol, aviation fuel andnaphtha. These are the two most common typesof flammable liquid fire that can occur in an oilrefinery, and these low ratios simplify foamstorage and dispersement around the site, andgreatly increase the “staying power” of bothfixed and mobile firefighting foam systems.

Other characteristics of the new foam includethe speed at which it spreads across the surfaceof a tank fire and seals against the hot metalsurfaces on the inside of the tank. Its excellentwetting characteristics also make it ideal forfighting Class A fires. High volume streams ofTHUNDERSTORM can be discharged from foamguns – located several hundreds of metres awayfrom the tank – without causing turbulencewhen it hits the surface; the foam has good fuelshedding capabilities to extinguish the firewithout knocking a hole in the foam blanket.

THUNDERSTORM extinguishes a fire in threeways. First, with a fire involving a conventionalhydrocarbon fuel, an aqueous film is created; ina polar solvent fire, a polymeric membrane isformed. This film or membrane creates a barrierto help prevent the release of fuel vapour.Second, regardless of the type of fuel, a foamblanket is formed that excludes oxygen andfrom which drains the liquids that form the filmor the polymeric membrane. Third, the watercontent of the foam produces a cooling effect.

THUNDERSTORM can be used with fresh, saltor hard water, and is formulated to ensure easeof use and considerable savings in weight andvolume. Further details can be found atwww.ansul.com, or are obtainable by emailon [email protected]

Simulation International Ltd are specialist on specialists in the design, manufacture, commissioning andinstallation of live fire training simulators.

Due to an increase in the demand from both UK and Overseas we areseeking to employ suitably qualified persons to fulfil the following positionswithin our company:

1 Senior Design Engineer

2 Technical (Combustion) Engineer

3 Project Engineer and

4 AutoCad Design Draughtsperson

Experience with the industry would be preferred but this is not essential.Please apply by email and submit cv to [email protected]

www.simulation.uk.com

P. 07-16 News 11/9/08 11:25 AM Page 12


GasAlertMax XT– SimultaneousMonitoringBW Technologies by Honeywell announces the arrival of the latest portablemulti-gas solution – the compact, comfortable and field tough GasAlertMax XT.

PRODUCT PROFILE

Simultaneously monitoring for hydrogen sulfide(H2S) carbon monoxide (CO), oxygen (O2) andcombustibles (%LEL), the GasAlertMax XT

features an integrated sampling pump. Equippedwith SmartSample technology, the GasAlertMaxXT’s powerful diaphragm pump saves time with reli-able pump block detection; water and other liquidsare prevented from being drawn into the pump. Thesimple, quick connect tubing system instantlysecures the sampling hose in place, enabling theuser to change tubing lengths and sampling acces-sories in seconds. With the pump filter window,users can quickly check the condition of the pumpfilter and replace it directly in the field.

By offering one-button operation, the GasAlertMaxXT provides ease of use and simple compliance toindustry safety standards. With the push of abutton, the GasAlertMax XT starts up and begins aself-test, automatically verifying proper operation ofvisible, audible and vibrating alarms, sensors,battery and pump. Using the one-button interface,users are able to:● Initiate calibration● Acknowledge alarms and due dates● View TWA, STEL and maximum (MAX) hold

readings● View the date and time● Activate the backlight

Tamper-proof, user adjustable options enable theuser to customize the instrument to suit specificapplications. Eliminating push-button menu naviga-tion, the GasAlertMax XT connects to a computerusing the IR Connectivity Kit to access user-definable options:● Display the detector’s serial, firmware and hard-

ware versions numbers● Programmable start-up message● Operational lockout in the event of a self-test error● Safe mode● Latching alarms● Force calibration and force bump to ensure

calibration and bump test days are adhered to● Cal IR lock to force calibrations to be performed

using the IR communications port and byauthorized personnel

● Location logging● Datalogging and confidence beep interval● Multi-language interface in English, French,

German, Spanish and Portuguese● Individual sensor configuration● Transfer data and upload firmware enhancements

Powered by a rechargeable battery pack thatprovides runtime for an entire 13 hour shift, thecompact GasAlertMax XT comes with standardevent logging and datalogging. Calibration is simplewith an automatic procedure.

The GasAlertMax XT is ideally suited to a rangeof applications and customers including oil and gas,marine and shipping, utilities, wastewater treatmentplants, power generation, municipal needs, andconfined space entry. BW’s confined space kits aredesigned to provide the user with all the accessoriesneeded to safely and effectively monitor for poten-tial atmospheric gas hazards. The GasAlertMax XTmakes confined space entry quick and simple.

Customize your detector to suit specificapplications and maximize performance with a widevariety of accessories. Cost-effectively manage theGasAlertMax XT with the MicroDock II dockingsystem. Automatically test, calibrate, charge andmanage data from single or multiple detectors. Fullyportable and easily expandable, the MicroDock IIrequires no computer.

Charging is easy with a variety of single and multi-bay chargers for your office, worksite or vehicle. Freeyour hands and increase productivity by using theHolster to conveniently attach the detector to yourbelt and manage excess tubing. Gain additional pro-tection in extreme environments with the Concus-sion-Proof Boots. A complete listing of GasAlertMaxXT compatible accessories is available from your localBW Technologies Sales Representative. APF

For more information, pleasecontact:BW Technologies byHoneywell2840-2 Avenue S.E.CalgaryAlbertaCanadaT2A 7X9 Tel: 1-403-248-9226Fax: 1-403-273-3708Email:[email protected]:www.gasmonitors.com

P. 13 BW Tech. Prod. Profile 11/9/08 12:39 PM Page 13


By Jan Knappertand Heinrich David

PROFILE

These extremely low temperatures have givenfire fighters severe difficulties in Fire FightingFoam Concentrate selection when dealing with

fuels containing alcohols and polar solvents.Originally Alcohol Resistant Foams were devel-

oped using Polysaccharide Polymer Additive to forma stable blanket between the fuel and foamblanket, this minimises vapourisation of the fuel andminimises the alcohol absorbing the water in thefoam bubble wall and causing it to break down andbecome ineffective.

In low temperature environments these Poly-saccharide containing foams become extremelyviscous because of their chemical composition (theyare also known as Thixotropic or Non-NewtonianLiquids) and are then difficult to pump, at tempera-tures below –15°C, they will start to solidify and willbe rendered unusable.

Ongoing product development between MSRDosiertechnik GmbH and Dr Sthamer – Hamburg,

have developed not only a revolutionary lowtemperature foam for use at extremely low temper-atures down to –25°C but also the means toproportion accurately at these extremely lowtemperatures.

FireDos is water driven foam proportioner, whichdoes not require any external energy. Changingflow-rates, working pressures and viscosities of the dosing material have no influence of theadmixing-rate.

The system consists mainly of a water motor anda piston pump. The foam concentrate is stocked inan atmospheric tank. The shaft of the water motorand the shaft of the piston pump are connected overa clutch. The whole water volume to the foam gen-erators is passing the water motor. The number ofrotations of the water motor are flow-proportional.The water motor is actuating a piston pump. Thedischarge volume of the piston pump is proportionalto the number of rotation.

Alcohol Resistant F oIn Extremely Low TeRecent oil and gas discoveries have been found in the most inhospitable climates,where extremes of temperature are common, notably the Middle East where blackbodytemperature can achieve +90°C and within the artic circles of –40°C and lower.

www.firedos.de

• No external energy required• Working flow-proportional• Easy installation and handling• Retrofitting into existing systems possible• Versions for stationary installations, or vehicles and mobile applications available,

also for use with seawater• Large flow ranges and dosing ranges covered• Not affected by changing pressure or flow rate• Suitable for all common fire-fighting liquids

Auf der Kaulbahn 6 • D-61200 Wölfersheim • GermanyTel. +49(0)6036/ 9796-0 • Fax +49(0)6036/ 9796-30 • E-Mail [email protected]

The intelligent choice for admixing systems

P. 14-15 Sthamer profile 11/9/08 12:39 PM Page 14

Any change of water flow changes without anydelay the discharge volume of the piston pump,therefore the concentration remain constant.

The combination between water motor (positivedisplacement system) and piston pump (positivedisplacement system) create a accurate admixingrate, also in case of admixing rates of 1% or lower.

FireDos creates a pressure loss in the watersystem. The pressure loss is depending of the flow-rate, the working pressure and the admixing-rate. Incase of a maximum flow-rate, a water pressure fromaround 10 bar and an admixing rate of 1% thepressure loss will be approx. 1 bar.

The system is able to admix all types of commonfire fighting foam concentrates, also alcoholresistant foam concentrates and protein foams.

In combination with the right foam concentrateand foam generators low expansion, medium expan-sion and high expansion foams can be produced.

An excellent combination is FireDos and DrSthamer – Hamburg Moussol APS LV 1x1Alcohol resistant low viscosity foam concentratewith an admixing rate of 1%. Foam temperaturesfrom minus 27°C and plus 25°C had no influencesof the admixing rate. An ad-mixing rate 1.08% wasachieved across the whole temperature range withdifferent water flows and water pressures. Manyinstallations have now been made with thiscombination of ad-mixer and foam concentrate.

FireDos is a compact admixing system and canbe used for any fire fighting application, like fixedinstallations, in fire trucks, on ships, off shore inmobile applications. The water can be fresh water,brackish water or sea water. The systems are inflow-rates from 10 l/min and 20,000 l/min, withfixed, in steps changing or simultaneously changingadmixing-rates from 0,1% up to 10%, workingpressures from 16 bar, 25 bar and 40 bar and work-ing temperatures up to 50°C and 80°C available.

The biggest advantage of FireDos is, that thesystem can be tested under real conditions foam towater without producing any premix solution.

An other possibility is the remote injection of the

foam concentrate. Between the system with foamtank and the injection point can be a distance up to1,000 metres away.

With features like reducing of the minimum flowcan the flow-range expanded up to 1:100.

FireDos has the VdS approval, the KFI (KoreanFire Institute), GL (Germanischer Lloyd, Marineapproval), GOST-R approval (Russian Federation),approval from the Czech and Slovakian Republic.Applied for FM approval. The first batch of theseunits are in the FM laboratories for testingprocedures. IFP


PROFILE

F oam ProportioningTemperatures

HeadquartersLiebigstr. 5 · D-22113 HamburgTelephone +49 (0) 40-73 61 68-0Telefax +49 (0) 40-73 61 68-60E-Mail: [email protected] · www.sthamer.com

Branch OfficeKönigsteiner Str. 5 · D-01796 PirnaTelephone +49 (0) 35 01-46 44 84 + 52 40 06Telefax +49 (0) 35 01-46 44 85

FOAMFIGHTS

FIRE

We present a comprehensive range of high-performance and environment compatible fire fighting foam concentrates.

24 HOUR EMERGENCY SERVICE +49 (0 ) 40-736 16 80

PRODUCT NEWS

MOUSSOL APS LV 1�1

Alcohol ResistantAFFF

Low Temperature UseGuaranteed –25°C (–13°F)

P. 14-15 Sthamer profile 11/9/08 12:39 PM Page 15

GSF SLIDES, the leading UK drawer slidecompany that recently launched itsproduct range in the USA at the FDIC2008 show in Indianapolis, announcestoday that the mainstay of its slide range,its 20.0007 slide, is 4 times stronger thanthe standard type of heavy duty 500 lbclass slide typically being specifiedcurrently onto many US fire truck drawertrays.

GSF (www.gsfslides.com &www.gsftilt.com) recently completed a

series of life cycle and load-drop tests on arange of its own products, which testswere intended to simulate some of thestandard conditions that slides mountedon fire apparatus have to contend with.

The result of the test was that GSF’s20.0007 slide will operate comfortablywith a 1,000lb load, including if the1,000lb load is dropped onto the drawer.

By contrast GSF’s equivalent of anindustry standard 500lb cold-rolled drawerslide irretrievably broke when carrying itsrated load of 500lb after only 27 cycles ofa 5,000 cycle operational test. Disbelievingthis result, GSF retested the slide at halfthe 500lb rating – with only a 250lb load;this time the slide failed after 576 cycles.Commenting, GSF’s export director, AlecDon, said:

“If our 20.0007 carries 1000lbs, andour so called industry standard 500lb slide can not in fact even reliably carry250lbs when subjected to typical fire truck conditions, I think we are entitled to say that our 20.0007 is at least 4 timesas strong. Our cold-rolled slide, which we call our container slide, is superb for static situations such as electronicracks, furniture, or storage applications,but on an emergency or a defence vehicle something much more robust isneeded.

Our 1,000lb 20.0007 slide is fabricatedfrom cold-drawn steel bar, of itself muchstronger against shock and vibration, but itis not just a question of the steel – it’s alsoa question of the strength of the end stopsand the cage and the use of a reinforcingsets of minor-axis bearings, whichaltogether makes this the slide of choicefor emergency vehicles throughout theworld.

For fire trucks “cheap” is dangerous.

For more information, please contact:GSF SlidesTel: +44 1691 770303Email: [email protected]: www.gsfslides.com


NEWS

GSF’s 20.0007 Slide isFour Times as Good

Developed after considerable researchand investment, SCOTT HEALTH &SAFETY announce the launch of the newinnovative Advanced Carrying System(ACS), which is a great advancement in SCBAcarrying systems combined with the higheststandards of performance.

Reduced User BurdenScott Health & Safety’s new ACS is significantlylighter than any other carrying system in its class,with a unique lightweight ThermoFlexTM

backplate offering the ultimate in comfort, ease ofmovement, flexibility and contributes to reducingwearer fatigue. The ergonomically sculptured, softback plate is moulded to fit the spine and backmuscles and was designed and developedfollowing intensive research with osteopaths,fabric and industrial technologists. The ACS rangeis the only carrying system in the world to featurethis new ThermoFlexTM technology.

The harness has fully adjustable paddedshoulder straps and waistbelt, which is fittedwith a quick release buckle. D Rings allow fastand easy connection of other equipment to thewebbing or straps.

Lower Through Life CostsThe ACS harness is manufactured from highlydurable materials, with corrosion resistant nickelplated components that are user serviceable,low cost and simple to maintain. Easy to keepclean, both the backplate and harness can bewashed at the same time as turnout gear, and

the new hardwearing fabric material used inmanufacturing is approved to maintain its flameretardant qualities for 50 washes at 90°C. Awashing bag can be included to protect theharness and washing machine.

High performance pneumaticsAt the heart of the ACS is a simple, highperformance and reliable two-stage pneumaticsystem.

No tools are necessary to remove thepneumatics as this can be achieved by simplyrotating the pneumatics 90 degrees todisengage from the mounting.

There are different sets available for oil andgas, marine, industrial and fire environments.The design and manufacture of the backplateenables bespoke tailored sets to be made in avariety of colours and corporate branding tomeet individual requirements. All sets areapproved to EN, MED, AS standards and there iswide choice of cylinders and face masksincluding Vision 3 and Promask PP ranges.

Full detail of the new Advanced CarryingSystem (ACS) is available from Scott Health& Safety or comprehensive information canbe found at www.scottsafety.com

Scott pioneer new lightweightAdvanced Carrying System(ACS) for SCBAProviding the wearerwith greatercomfort and totalflexibility

P. 07-16 News 11/9/08 11:25 AM Page 16


Battery operatedbackpack powerunits (12V dc) – for the use of cutters, spreadersand cylindersSP700 backpack power unit is essential in the case of car, train or planeaccidents, where these extreme situations require prompt intervention assuringthe maximum of safety and mobility.

PRODUCT PROFILE

The unit is powered by a DC motor with ahigh power 12V battery, suitable to be heli-coptered and used also in presence of fuels

or inflammables, owing to its non-sparking fea-tures. SP700 can be connected to all rescue toolson the market (cutters, spreaders and cylindersetc) working at 350, 630 and 720 bar (5100,9200, 10500 psi). The battery run-down time isover 30 minutes, and it is easy and fast to replaceit with a spare battery. Once worn by the opera-tor (it only weighs 18 kg), it is very similar inshape and overall dimensions to SCUBA gear andit can be used where traditional gasoline enginepower units cannot be brought or used (such asconfined and/or poorly ventilated space) and incase of car, train or plane accidents where a highconcentration of crash debris caused by the acci-dent do not let the operator get to the rescuesites with traditional units. During the interven-tion, the operator equipped with SP700 backpackpower unit maintains agility and efficient handlingwhich make rescue operations fast and direct,allowing the operator to keep the whole situationunder control including accident victims, who willalso be spared the additional trauma caused bynoise and exhaust fumes created by the old stylegasoline driven power units. The total absence ofthese problems permits operation of SP700 groupeven in presence of gas and or other inflammablessuch as fuel.

Maximum practical use is achieved by using ourVP700 unit. VP700 back pack power unit has thesame features and the same use than SP700 model.

The only difference is the external suitcase con-tainer, which is extremely sturdy and watertightuntil 2 mt. depth.

It is provided of slings in order to be worn bythe operator and of slings which let the unit befastened to the helicopter winch.

Because of its sturdiness and its portability, it isindicated for heavy duties, sea rescue, mountainand tunnels.

We do have further reasons to recommend theuse of our back pack power units:1 totally silent2 No polluting (totally absence of exhaust fumes)3 safe (12V tension)

4 few seconds to activate it, in any weathercondition

5 versatile, it can be connected to all tools in themarket

6 adjustable working pressure between 630 to720 bar

7 no long hoses or electric cables8 compact, ergonomic, back pack9 light and practical when used in confined spaces10 unlimited range11 unlimited rescue time by battery replacement12 free hands transport in order to climb stairs,

ladders or to go past obstacles13 quick passage in case of mass accident from

one vehicle to another14 equivalent power of traditional power engine

units15 it can be helicoptered16 waterproof until 1 meter depth (VP700 version

only)However, we think these are not all the advan-

tages of these units, because only professionalslike you will be able to discover other featuresduring their use. APF

For more informationcontact:Interfron SpAVia Canale 216035 RapelloItalyTel: +39 0 185 263 636Fax: +39 0 185 263 355Email: [email protected]: www.interfron.it

P. 17 Interfron Prod. Profile 11/9/08 11:26 AM Page 17


FIRE INDIA 2008 PREVIEW

Together the shows recognise the rapid expan-sion of the fire and security industries in India,which are growing by around 47% per year,

according to research published by the BSIA lastyear. The decision to launch Firex India followsmonths of extensive investigation and discussionwith the industry.

Simon Parker, Group Director at CMP Informa-tion comments, “Rapid market growth and thecorresponding increase in production activity makeIndia a logical focus for our continuing globalexpansion of the fire and security event family. Theoverall fire protection market in India is worthalmost US$339mn, making it a huge area ofinterest for local and international manufacturersand distributors.”

Mr M. Gandhi, Managing Director at CMP Asiacomments, “IFSEC India and Firex India will be theideal place for end-users from the IT, ITeS, retail,hospitality, residential, industrial plant and healthsectors to keep up-to-date with the latest innova-tions and developments in the fire and securityindustries across the South Asian region.”

One of India’s foremost trade associations, TheFire and Safety Association of India (FSAI) has

Following its successful launch in 2007, IFSEC India 2008 will take place from16-18 October 2008 at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi, India. The event is SouthAsia’s leading security exhibition, and this year, will see the launch of Firex India2008, extending the reach of the already hugely popular International Firexbrand in the UK. IFSEC India is part of IFSEC, the world’s leading security and fireexhibition held annually for the past 36 years in Birmingham, attracting morethan 32,000 attendees every year.

Fire India 200

P. 18-19 Fire India Preview 11/9/08 11:26 AM Page 18

offered its support for the event for the secondyear running.

“The management of FSAI and its members areexcited about being associated with Firex India2008 and IFSEC India 2008, which are consideredto be premium events in the fire and securitysectors. Combined with the strengths of theevents and the growth of the FSAI, we will be ableto add great value to the Indian fire safety andsecurity industry by sharing knowledge with worldleaders from across the globe,” comments ArunKhazanchi, President, FSAI.

The exhibitions will feature over 200 of theworld’s leading security and fire manufacturersand distributors, and over 100 hours of educationalcontent, including high level conferences led by experts in their fields. Entitled “Crossing theRubicon,” the IFSEC India Conference will coverthe hottest topics in both the fire and securitymarkets in India. Topics covered will include internalsecurity, IT security, intelligent buildings, fire safetycodes and standards and suppression solutions.

“The security market in India is growing at atremendous rate and there is a continuousdemand for high standard security across indus-tries and the Government. IFSEC India 2008 is anexceptional platform that gives an opportunity tosecurity solution companies to showcase various

products. The response and reach that we as anexhibitor get here, is impressive, extremely clientcentric and productive. We are proud to be a part of IFSEC India 2008 and are excited aboutshowcasing our ‘next level’ of innovations at theexhibition, which we are certain will exceed ourexpectations,” says David Hudson MBE, RegionalPresident, Group 4 Securicor Pvt Ltd.

Deepak Thakur, Director South Asia, HoneywellSecurity comments, “Honeywell will continue toshowcase new products and solutions, equippedwith state of the art technologies through eventssuch as IFSEC India 2008. This event has been asuccessful platform for Honeywell to exhibit ourdomain expertise to our customers across variousverticals, year-on-year. We are pleased with ourassociation with such an esteemed exhibition inIndia.”

IFSEC India 2008 and Firex India 2008 will take place from 16-18 October 2008 at PragatiMaidan, New Delhi, India. For more informationand to register for free entry, please visitwww.ifsecindia.com. Companies interested in exhibiting at the event should contact Anindya Sarangi on +91 22 66122644 [email protected], or Charlie Cracknellon +44 (0) 207 921 8069 [email protected]. APF


FIRE INDIA 2008 PREVIEW

008 Preview

Introducing co-located event

catering for professionals specialising in fire protection and prevention

P. 18-19 Fire India Preview 11/9/08 11:26 AM Page 19


Following the two large fires in Taiwan in 1996and 1997, FM Global and other fire protectionprofessionals stepped back and questioned

“How can we improve fire safety and change theindustry’s track record?”

Ten years later – with the collective efforts ofmany organizations and individual contributions –the journey toward the fire-safe cleanroom isalmost complete.

Factors that have led to this tremendousimprovement include the following:� Widespread use of non-fire propagating

construction materials � Safe process liquid heating systems� Third-party assessment of process equipment

prior to installation� Improved handling and disposal of silane gas� Adherence to improved codes and standards

Current stateReleased in 1997 by FM Approvals, a NationallyRecognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL), the Clean-room Materials Flammability Test Protocol (Class4910) has become the industry standard for theevaluation of construction materials used incleanrooms.

FM4910 measures two crucial fire-relatedelements of a product or material: � The Fire Propagation Index (FPI), an indicator

of the tendency of a material to ignite andpropagate fire, and

� The Smoke Damage Index (SDI), an indicator ofthe amount of smoke generatedFor material to be considered non-fire propagat-

ing under FM4910, its FPI must be equal to or lessthan 6.0 and its SDI equal to or less than 0.4.Materials that meet the “Cleanroom MaterialsFlammability Test Protocol” do not require, in andof themselves, fixed fire protection when usedaccording to the appropriate FM Global data

sheets. Material listed under FM4910 may burnlocally in the ignition area, but will not propagatea fire beyond the ignition zone. Additionally, suchmaterials produce little, if any, smoke or corrosivebyproducts, this minimizing non-thermal damage.

Today, there are 17 manufacturers producingnearly 150 different types of FM4910-listedmaterials. A complete listing of FM4910 materialscan be found at http://www.fmglobal.com/assets/pdf/4910Approved.doc.

This ever-expanding list has led semiconductortool vendors to build the majority of products (i.e.,wet benches, etc.) out of FM4910 materials. Infact, for some tool vendors, FM4910 material-constructed tools have become the standard ofchoice. Tools made with less expensive (but highlycombustible) polypropylene or polyvinyl chlorideare, in many cases, now available only by specialorder.

While FM4910 materials are prevalent in semi-conductor cleanrooms, they can easily be appliedin other industries that utilize cleanrooms (i.e.,pharmaceutical, biotech, food processing, etc.).Although FM4910 fire-safe materials are helpingprevent cleanroom fires, they cannot do it alone.

In the past, the typical fire scenario was a high-energy process liquid immersion heater or a hotplate igniting combustible plastic associated withwet bench. Once ignited, the fire was drawn intothe process exhaust ductwork, which many timeswas constructed of combustible plastic. Once theductwork was ignited, the fire would spread insidethe ductwork all the way to the scrubber.

Companies have eliminated the exposurecreated by combustible process exhaust ductworkby installing ductwork which meets FM ApprovalsStandard for Fume Exhaust Ducts or Fume andSmoke Exhaust Ducts (Class 4922). Even whensubjected to a severe fire, FM4922-Approvedductwork will:

By VincentDeGiorgio

FM Global

The Fire-SafeCleanroomJourneyContinuesWe’re almost there…During the past 30 years, the semiconductor industry has experiencedexponential growth, which has significantly affected our daily lives. This growth,however, has come at the expense of semiconductor process-related fires thathave caused devastating property damage, production interruption and loss ofmarket share.

CLEANROOM

Contributor retainsownership of all othercopyright and intellectualproperty rights associatedwith the Work. Author grantsAPF the right to use his/hername, image, and likeness inconnection with the Work.

P. 21-24 Clean Room 12/9/08 3:31 PM Page 21

● Not collapse● Not propagate fire, and ● Will release only minimal amounts of smoke

Increasingly, new and retrofitted cleanrooms areinstalling FM4922-Approved ductwork. However,a considerable amount of combustible ductworkwith no automatic sprinkler protection still remainsin some facilities. Installing either FM4922products or proper sprinkler protection in thesecleanrooms is highly recommended.

Replacing combustible ductwork with FM4922-

Approved ductwork in existing operating clean-rooms is not as daunting a challenge as it mayappear. In fact, a major semiconductor manu-facturer has successfully completed such areplacement. To that company, the benefitssubstantially outweigh the potentially astronomicalloss potential.

Codes/StandardsAs mentioned above, adherence to improvedcodes and standards as shown in the table has


THE FIRE-SAFE CLEANROOM JOURNEY CONTINUESCLEANROOM

Organization

FM Global

FM Approvals

FM Approvals

FM Approvals

FM Approvals

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

Semiconductor Equipment Materials International (SEMI)

Semiconductor EquipmentMaterials International(SEMI)

Semiconductor EquipmentMaterials International (SEMI)

International Code Council (ICC)

Compressed GasAssociation (CGA)

Code/Standard

Data Sheet 7-7 “SemiconductorFabrication Facilities”2003 Edition

FM 4910 “Test Standard for FMApprovals Cleanroom MaterialsFlammability Test Protocol”September 1997

FM4911 “Approval Standards forWafer Carriers for Use inCleanrooms” August 2006

FM4922 “Approval Standard forFume Exhaust Ducts or Fume &Smoke Exhaust Ducts” April 2001

FM7701 “Assessment Standard forTools Used in the SemiconductorIndustry” December 2005

NFPA 318 “Standard for theProtection of SemiconductorFabrication Facilities” 2006 Edition

S2-0706b “Environmental, Health,and Safety Guideline forSemiconductor ManufacturingEquipment” July 2006

S3-0360 “Safety Guideline forProcess Liquid Heating Systems”March 2006

S14-0704 “Safety Guidelines for FireRisk Assessment and Mitigation forSemiconductor ManufacturingEquipment” July 2004

International Fire Code2006 Edition

G-13 “Storage and Handling ofSilane and Silane Mixtures” Secondedition 2006

Comments

Addresses semiconductor device fabricationand associated hazards from a property lossprevention and business continuity perspective.Currently under revision.

This test standard describes minimumperformance requirements for materials whichare intended for use in cleanroom facilities.

This test standard sets performancerequirements for wafer carriers used incleanrooms by evaluating the ability of theseproducts to limit fire spread and smokedamage.

This test standard sets performancerequirements for ducts installed according tolimitations and requirements specified for eachindividually manufactured duct system.

This standard is used for assessingmanufacturing equipment (tools) used by thesemiconductor industry as it relates to propertyconservation and business continuity.

Provides reasonable safeguards (protectionagainst injury, loss of life and propertydamage) for the protection of facilitiescontaining cleanrooms from fire and relatedhazards. 2008 Edition will be voted uponduring the June 2008 World Safety Conference.

This safety guideline is intended as a set ofperformance-based environmental, health, andsafety (EHS) considerations for semiconductormanufacturing equipment.

Complete rewrite in 2006. Provides minimumgeneral safety considerations for the designand documentation of heating systems usedfor the changing or maintaining thetemperatures of process liquids used in thesemiconductor and flat panel displaymanufacturing.

Provides consideration to the manufacturers ofsemiconductor manufacturing equipment thatwill assist them in assessing and mitigating therisk to equipment and product associated withfire and combustion by-products.

This code establishes regulation affecting orrelating to structures, processes, premises andsafeguards. Chapter 18 addressesSemiconductor Fabrication Facilities. Currentlyunder revision.

Addresses installation of systems and sourcesused to store, transfer or contain silane orsilane mixtures. Currently under revision.

P. 21-24 Clean Room 11/9/08 11:27 AM Page 22

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THE EXPERTS AT FIKE SELECT ONLY THE BEST.

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DuPont™ FM-200® Waterless clean agent fi resuppression solutions for themodern workspace — onlyfrom DuPont.

Fike doesn’t just offer protection. We develop technologically advanced

fi re suppression systems that protect your bottom line, as well as your

facility and assets. ECARO-25, PROINERT, DuPont™ FM-200® are

USGBC LEED® recognized.

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been a significant contributor in improving clean-room fire safety:

Many of these codes/standards recommend theuse of fire-safe construction materials for clean-room applications. In cases where such materialsare not used, fixed fire detection and suppressionsystems are the recommended alternative. Ifneither measure is taken, the results can becatastrophic.

In 2005 FM Approvals issued an assessmentstandard for Tools Used in the SemiconductorIndustry (Class 7701). This assessment standardevaluates the following aspects of semiconductormanufacturing equipment (tools): ● Chemical● Control and/or safety interlocks ● Electrical● Fire● Materials● Ventilation

Currently, before new tools are installed, theyoften require on-site evaluation (either at the manu-facturer or client’s facility) by a semiconductorspecialist on a case-by-case basis. Due to thecomplexity and diversity of semiconductor manufac-turing equipment, this can be a time-consumingand potentially costly endeavor.

When a tool is evaluated under FM7701, it willonly require a spot check after installation, savingtool vendors and semiconductor manufacturingcompanies significant amounts of time andmoney. And, having fire-safe semiconductorequipment is critical in the event of a fire. Considerthe fire damage consequences cited at the outsetof this article.

A major semiconductor equipment manu-facturer has recently completed the FM7701assessment and will shortly become the firstcompany to receive formal FM7701 recognition.

Silane gas usageSilane, more so than other gases used in semi-conductor manufacturing, can lead to severeexposures. It is a stable gas but is pyrophoric, thatis, under certain conditions, it can spontaneouslyignite or have delayed ignition, which could leadto an explosion.

Silane has been involved in a considerablenumber of fires. Common scenarios includeduntreated silane released into combustible fumeexhaust ductwork and improper cylinder changeout procedures resulting in leaks at the cylinder

connection points.During the past couple of years, there have

been several unfortunate events, which have ledto a renewed interest in the safe handling ofsilane. During the past two years, Air Products andChemicals, Inc. organized a series of Silane SafetySeminars held in Taiwan, Korea, China andSingapore, and most recently in Portland, Ore. Thegoal of these highly successful seminars was toeducate the audience with respect to silanebehavior and best protection practices.

Open issuesOne significant cleanroom fire hazard still needs tobe addressed: containers used to store in-processwafers.

Wafer carriers or pods (200mm wafers) andFront Opening Unified Pods, or FOUPs (300mmwafers), are currently made of highly combustiblematerials like polycarbonate and polypropylene.These pods or FOUPs are typically placed insidevertical storage systems known as stocker. Andfire, burns for highly combustible materials placedin a vertical array.

FM Approvals issued the Approval Standard forWafer Carriers for use in Cleanrooms (Class 4911).This standard provides testing criteria similar toFM4910 in order for a fire-safe wafer carrier toearn FM Approval.

A supplier of wafer carriers and FOUPs ispresently working with FM Approvals to develop aFOUP which will meet the requirements ofFM4911 as well as the strict process requirements.

New fire safety productsThe table above is products that have recentlyreceived FM Approvals certification and canimprove overall cleanroom fire safety.

Future outlookThe outlook for further progress in cleanroomprotection is very promising. The use of FM4910materials and FM4922 ductwork is well estab-lished. Current codes/standards support the use of fire-safe materials. Attention needs to befocused toward bringing a FM4911 Approvedwafer carrier/FOUP to market. Recently releasednew products have provided a solution to areas previously lacking fire-safe alternatives.Products under development, which will add tocleanroom fire safety, include wall panels andwires/cables. APF


THE FIRE-SAFE CLEANROOM JOURNEY CONTINUESCLEANROOM

Company Product Description

UFP Technologies Inc. (T-Tubes®

registered trademark)www.t-tubes.com

Zotefoams Plc. (Zotek® F)www.zotefoams.com

Arkema Inc. (Kynar® PVDF) www.kynarfoam.com

Solvay Solexiswww.solvaysolexis.com

Mitsubishi Chemical FunctionalProducts, Inc.www.alpolic-usa.com

Kynar PVDF Closed-cell foamsfor Cleanroom Insulation

Galden® HT and H-Galden®

ZT Fomblin

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FM4910 Listed material and FM 4924Approved pipe insulation. Usesinclude air conditioning ducts, steampipes and other process components.

FM 6930 Approved Industrial Fluid.Heat transfer fluids for use insemiconductor equipment.

FM4910 Listed Material. Exterior andinterior wall panels.

Vinnie DeGiorgio is FMGlobal’s principal engineer

for the semiconductorindustry. DeGiorgio has more

than 26 years of property losscontrol and business impactrisk assessment experience

associated with thesemiconductor and relatedhigh technology industries.

DeGiorgio holds a bachelor’sdegree in engineering and a

master’s degree in fireprotection engineering. He

maintains memberships withthe National Fire Protection

Agency (NFPA) and Society ofFire Protection Engineers,

(SFPE), is a board member ofSemiconductor

Environmental Safety &Health Association (SESHA)

and is the secretary of theNFPA 318 Technical

Committee on cleanrooms. Ofnote, DeGiorgio has

expansive knowledge of thesemiconductor industry

in Asia.

P. 21-24 Clean Room 11/9/08 11:27 AM Page 24

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You and your employees could be forced toevacuate your company when you leastexpect it. The best way to protect yourself,

your workers, and your business is to expect theunexpected and develop a well thought-out emer-gency action plan to guide you when immediateaction is necessary.

A workplace emergency is an unforeseen situa-tion that threatens your employees, customers, orthe public; disrupts or shuts down your opera-tions; or causes physical or environmental damage.Emergencies may be natural or manmade and

include anything from flood, fires and cyclones tochemical spills, explosions, civil disturbances andterrorist threats.

Unequivocally, the best way to respond to anemergency is to prepare for it before it happens.Few people can think clearly and logically in acrisis, so it is important to do so in advance, whenyou have time to be thorough. Brainstorm theworst-case scenarios. Ask yourself what you woulddo if the worst happened. What if a fire broke outin your boiler room? Or a cyclone hit your buildinghead-on? Or a train carrying hazardous waste

By Bianca Frost

WinterCommsCommunications Officer

Planning TheGreat Escape:Emergency Evacuation PlanningNobody expects an emergency or disaster – especially one that affects them,their employees, and their business personally. Yet the simple truth is thatemergencies and disasters can strike anyone, anytime, and anywhere.

EMERGENCY EVACUATION PLANNING

Pic courtesy of Jalite plc

P. 27-32 Emergency Evacuation 11/9/08 11:28 AM Page 27

derailed while passing your loading dock?According to Graeme Badrock, Emergency

Planning Manager at Essential Property Services,the best way to protect yourself, your employeesand your business in a workplace emergency is tohave a range of processes and proceduresdocumented against consistent guidelines thateveryone in your organization can work to.

“Documentation relates to an organisation’spolicies regarding any particular emergency. Just asorganisations have policies on what happenswhen a new person starts and how they areinducted into that organisation, good emergencymanagement planning should follow a similarmodel,” says Badrock.

An effective emergency evacuation plan shouldcover all potential emergency scenarios and thenconsider them in relation to the specifics of thefacility in question. Floor plans, hours of occu-pancy, hazardous materials and the type ofemergency-related equipment and systemsinstalled in the building will all have a definingimpact on the final emergency plan.

The plan should cover all the designated actionsemployers and employees must take to ensureemployee safety from fire and other emergencies.And integral to this, Badrock stresses, is the impor-tance of having adequate numbers of staff trainedto ensure the implementation, management andcompletion of these actions.

“Some facilities are occupied 24 hours a day,seven days a week, but their staffing levels willvary. For example, between eight a.m. and six p.m.

there is likely to be a higher volume of staff andvisitors coming and going, while after that,depending on the type of facility, the numbersgenerally drop, so the number of staff available tofulfill emergency duties will vary throughout theoperating hours of the facility.

“The same applies for weekdays versus week-ends and public holidays. The effectiveness of theemergency evacuation plan is really dependent onthe number of trained staff available to facilitateroles in an emergency,” he said.

“It is critical in the first instance, that asufficient number of staff are allocated to coordi-nate and implement the emergency plan. If thereare not, facility management might have a welldocumented procedures plan that fails, due to lackof suitable trained personnel on site at any giventime to execute it effectively”.

Furthermore, Badrock says that comprehensivestaff training is also imperative for any effectiveworkplace evacuation.

“It is essential that the core group of staff whoare charged with the responsibility of coordinatingthe emergency evacuation plan are actually trainedin those processes and are comfortable with theirallocated roles. While people always have goodintentions and will attempt to carry out what theythink is appropriate at the time of an emergency,without the proper training prior to the emer-gency, situations can quickly get out of control,”says Badrock.

“Untrained individuals may endanger them-selves and those they are trying to rescue. For thisreason, it is generally wise to leave rescue work tothose who are trained, equipped, and certified toconduct rescues.”

Metropolitan Fire Brigade Commander, Com-munity Safety, Dave Davies agrees.

“The most common mistake made by organisa-tions in terms of emergency planning is a lack ofunderstanding and training. Organisations forgetthat they are empowering the chief warden withan extremely important function, so those peopleneed to be properly informed and supported,” hesays.

When attending an emergency, Davies saysthat, from a firefighter’s perspective, the mostimportant information to know is firstly that every-one is out of the building, secondly, where thosepeople are, and thirdly, what the situation isregarding their welfare.

”Most of the time when we attend an emer-gency call, people will say that they’ve got all thepeople out but when we ask how many peoplethey’ve actually got they don’t know. When weask where are your people, they don’t know that



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An effective emergency

evacuation plan should cover

all potential emergency

scenarios and then consider

them in relation to the

specifics of the facility in

question.


either. We’ll then ask them how sure they are thatthey’ve got everybody out and they’ll reply, well,we think we’ve got them all out”.

“The firefighter has then got to start the emer-gency evacuation process all over again and checkthe entire building or area that’s involved with theemergency to make sure that there are no escapesto be performed.”

Davies says that it’s the responsibility of theorganisation to provide for the welfare of theirpeople in a crisis and adequate training of staffallocated to warden roles is the only way toprovide this. The consequence of failing to properlytrain staff is that while the fire brigade is expend-ing its full forces – possibly needlessly – to ensurethe building has been fully evacuated, they are notable to take any action to address whatever thecrisis is.

“In other words,” says Davies, “it takes us alonger time to control the situation. Organisationsneed to realise that is their responsibility todevelop an emergency management plan thataddresses the best way to not only to evacuatepeople outside to an evacuation control point, but to account for the number of people to beevacuated at any given time.”

To ensure the fastest, most accurate account-ability of your employees, Davies recommends that facility managers consider the following indeveloping their emergency evacuation plan:� Designate assembly areas where employees

should gather after evacuating;� Take a head count after the evacuation. Identify

the names and last known locations of anyonenot accounted for and pass them to the officialin charge

� Establish a method for accounting for non-employees such as visitors and contractors

� Establish procedures for further evacuation incase the incident expands.When drafting your emergency action plan,

select a responsible individual to lead and coordi-nate your emergency plan and evacuation. Thisperson should be responsible for assessing the

situation to determine whether an emergencyrequiring the activation of emergency proceduresexists; supervising all efforts in the area includingevacuating personnel; coordination of outsideemergency services such as medical aid and localfire departments and ensuring that they are avail-able and notified when necessary; and directingthe shutdown of plant operations if and whenrequired.

It is critical that all employees know who theChief Warden is and understand that the personhas the authority to make decisions during emer-gencies. In addition to a Chief Warden, you mayneed to designate evacuation wardens to helpmove employees from danger to safe areas duringan emergency. Generally, one warden for every 20 employees should be adequate, and the appro-priate number of wardens should be available atall times during working hours.


PLANNING THE GREAT ESCAPEEMERGENCY EVACUATION PLANNING

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A D V I C E & C O N S U LT I N GD E S I G N P L A N N I N G

P R O J E C T M A N A G E M E N TD O M E S T I C A N D I N T E R N A T I O N A L

R E S E A R C H & F E A S I B I L I T YD E S I G N A N D B U I L D

When drafting your

emergency action plan, select

a responsible individual to

lead and coordinate your

emergency plan and

evacuation.


Employees designated to assist in emergencyevacuation procedures should be trained in thecomplete workplace layout and various alternativeescape routes. All employees and those designatedto assist in emergencies should be made aware ofemployees with special needs who may requireextra assistance, how to use a buddy system, andhazardous areas to avoid during an emergencyevacuation.

In support of this advice, Badrock says that thesenior person in charge (the Chief Warden), is onlyas good as the people supporting them in theirwork environments.

“Their ability to coordinate an emergency willreally be dependant on the quality of informationsupplied to them by zone or area wardens, whowill need to assess the situation at the coal faceand report back if they need assistance oradditional resources,” he says.

“Organisations need to be diligent in the waythey go about training staff and about makingsure they have adequate numbers of relief orback-up staff trained to step-up and fill the role ifrequired. It’s not enough to just have one memberof staff trained in one area. If someone is away, orthey have meetings off premise and they don’thave a backup when an emergency unfolds, thensuddenly we have gaps in the processes because

the zones or areas aren’t under the control of awarden. It’s these gaps which can cause seriousheadaches in an emergency situation,” Badrockexplains.

Badrock suggests keeping training records andmatching those against other data such as shiftrosters and the commencements and terminationsof employees as part of an organisation’s normalstaff turnover. He also recommends a register forexternal contractors working on premise.

“Depending on the type of facility in question,some organisations have sign-in registers wherepeople who are not normally on site are expectedto sign in and be issued with passes. In this way,their presence is accounted for, and someone cantake responsibility for their presence within thefacility,” he says.

When a building is occupied by more than onetenant, there are additional issues to address.While the building’s owner is required to meettheir building and safety compliance obligations, itis also incumbent upon the building’s tenants toparticipate in the planning and implementation ofemergency management processes. This should bedone through the formation of an EmergencyPlanning Committee.

“The occupier, who may in the course of theirtenancy make some adjustments to the floor plan,

has an obligation to ensure that the building’ssafety features have not been compromised byinterior building works that they might do in termsof making the fit-out appropriate for theiractivities,” says Badrock.

“The two parties need to embrace the idea set out in the Australian standard; namely thatthey need to create a safe environment for theoccupiers, ensuring that they have an emergencyplanning committee established for that building.”

An emergency planning committee is usuallyformed from representatives of the building’sowner and its occupiers who meet to discuss andformulate a plan for responding to an emergencysituation.

Badrock is careful to point out that facilitymanagers should not be the only party drivingemergency evacuation planning and management.Under occupational health and safety legislation,employers are responsible for developing anoverall policy for employee safety which includesemergency planning procedures.

“It’s a matter of all parties working together,”says Badrock. “If the building is only occupied by asmall number of tenants then it’s usually a loteasier to get them together, discuss how to handlevarious emergency processes and agree to a plan.

“At the other end of the scale, the difficulty

some facility managers face is that their building isoccupied by a large number of tenants andrequires a large number of staff to fulfill certainroles.

“In this instance, it’s really a case of all partiesworking collaboratively to develop procedures inthe event of an emergency occurring. A lot ofthose processes might be driven by the largertenants or stakeholders, but all parties need toengaged and be actively involved in developingand maintaining emergency procedures.

“While all parties might express good intentionson how they propose to manage an emergency itcan often be the case that they didn’t havesufficient back-ups appointed and very quicklyproblems can cascade because the guidelines thatwere put in place have not been followed. Acoordinated approach is therefore paramount toan effective emergency evacuation.” says Badrock.

“What we don’t want are individual tenantslooking at their environment in isolation,” he says.”This is a recipe for disaster in an emergencysituation. For example, in a multi-story buildingyou are potentially dealing with a large number ofstaff or occupants, so one of the potential problemsis that if you need to evacuate, you would have toassess whether it is necessary to evacuate thewhole building or, if a problem is on a specific



All employees and those designated to assist in

emergencies should be made aware of employees with

special needs who may require extra assistance, how

to use a buddy system, and hazardous areas to avoid

during an emergency evacuation.


floor, it might just be a matter of evacuating thatfloor and the floors immediately above and belowthe affected floor.

“In terms of a full evacuation, again, one wouldneed to look at the floor plan to determinewhether a staged or simultaneous evacuationshould be carried out. If there are multiple exitpoints, then it may be possible to evacuate alloccupants at once. If not, then a more controlledevacuation is likely to be required.”

Putting together a comprehensive emergencyevacuation plan that deals with all types of issuesspecific to your worksite is not difficult. At aminimum, your plan should include an evacuationpolicy and procedure; emergency escape proceduresand route assignments, such as floor plans, work-place maps, and safe or refuge areas; a preferredmethod for reporting fires and other emergencies;the names, titles, departments, and telephonenumbers of individuals both within and outsideyour company to contact for additional informationor explanation of duties and responsibilities underthe emergency plan; clearly defined procedures foremployees who remain on site to perform or shutdown critical plant operations, operate fire extin-guishers, or perform other essential services thatcannot be shut down for every emergency alarmbefore evacuating; and rescue and medical dutiesfor any workers designated to perform them.

In addition, you may find it helpful to include inyour plan the site of an alternative communica-tions centre to be used in the event of a fire orexplosion and a secure on or offsite location to

store originals or duplicate copies of accountingrecords, legal documents, your employees’ emer-gency contact lists, and other essential records.

A disorganised evacuation can result in con-fusion, injury, and property damage. That is whywhen developing your emergency action plan it is important to be absolutely clear about theconditions under which an evacuation would benecessary and have a clear chain of command and designation of the person in your businessauthorised to order an evacuation or shutdown.

All staff should be clear about specific evacua-tion procedures, including routes and exits, andthese should be posted where they are easilyaccessible to all employees. Finally, there should be a system in place for accounting for personnelfollowing an evacuation.

The best emergency action plans includeemployees in the planning process, specify whatemployees should do during an emergency, andensure that employees receive proper training foremergencies. When you include your employees in your planning, encourage them to offer sug-gestions about potential hazards, worst-casescenarios, and proper emergency responses.

Educate your employees about the types ofemergencies that may occur and train them in theproper course of action. The size of your work-place and workforce, processes used, materialshandled, and the availability of onsite or outsideresources will determine your training require-ments. Be sure all your employees understand thefunction and elements of your emergency action



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plan, including types of potential emergencies,reporting procedures, alarm systems, evacuationplans, and shutdown procedures. Discuss anyspecial hazards you may have onsite such as flam-mable materials, toxic chemicals, radioactivesources, or water-reactive substances. Clearlycommunicate to your employees who will be incharge during an emergency to minimise confusion.

General training for your employees shouldaddress their individual roles and responsibilities;potential threats, hazards, and protective actions;notification, warning, and communications pro-cedures; the best means for locating people in anemergency; evacuation, shelter, and accountabilityprocedures; the location and use of commonemergency equipment; and, where applicable,emergency shutdown procedures.

You also may wish to train your employees infirst-aid procedures, including protection againstblood-borne pathogens; respiratory protection,including use of an escape-only respirator; andmethods for preventing unauthorised access to thesite.

Once you have reviewed your emergency actionplan with your employees and everyone has hadthe proper training, it is a good idea to hold prac-tice drills as often as necessary to keep employeesprepared.

“The Australian standard talks about conduct-ing drills or exercises to ensure procedures aresatisfactory and all staff are comfortable andproficient in their roles should an emergencyoccur. Some organisations only conduct a drill orexercise annually, but if they were true to thepurpose of what they are trying to achieve, theyreally need to be conducted at a frequency thatensures all areas of a facility and its occupantsparticipate in at least one exercise in each 12month period,” says Badrock.

Badrock is a firm believer in perfected practicethrough drilling.

“You can have well documented policies andprocedures, and well attended staff training ses-sions, but it is not until your organisation conductsdrills or exercises that you have the opportunity totest your preparedness for an emergency and seehow workable your procedures are.”

Badrock believes that organisations should alsopractice drills for different kinds of emergencyscenarios.

“The type and frequency of drills are reallydictated by the initial risk assessment conductedfor the facility and the types of emergencies thatmight be encountered. A lot of people think that ifthey plan for a fire, then that covers their emergencyplan needs. But there are a range of emergenciesthat an organisation could be confronted with and

they really need to plan for all of them.”After each drill, Metropolitan Fire Brigade

Commander, Davies recommends gatheringmanagement and employees to evaluate the effec-tiveness of the drill by identifying the strengthsand weaknesses of the plan. Drilling should alsobe considered when an organisation hires newemployees, introduces new equipment, materials,or processes into the workplace that effect evacu-ation routes, changes the layout or design of thefacility or updates any emergency procedure.

“It’s imperative that the staff in the buildingtake ownership of its emergency evacuationprocedures and understand all the emergencymanagement arrangements that have been put inplace,” he says.

“Organisations need to set up an infrastructureand management structure that will make thatsystem work and ensure that the warden structureis fully supported and that wardens understandthe importance of their role and the function theyplay in that plan.

“Trialling your plan is essential. You should belooking at any mistakes or shortfalls as you go andthen building solutions to those problems backinto your documentation. This is the best way toassist people in not making the same mistakes asecond time.

While Davies has seen many mistakes made byorganisations in terms of their emergency evacua-tion planning, he has also seen more and moreorganisations mature in their attitude to emer-gency management.

“A lot of organisations now regard emergencymanagement as part of a business continuitystrategy,” he said.

“A business continuity plan not only providesfor the prevention of incidents by conducting riskassessments, and provides for emergency manage-ment response plans, but it also covers the recov-ery phase. In other words, the recovery of thebusiness after an emergency, which focuses ongetting the business back on track as quickly aspossible.” Collectively these plans form part of acomprehensive risk management strategy, sincerisk management by definition is the mitigation ofanything that might impact on an organisation’sability to function in the pursuit of its objectives.

And having a well structured, fully understood,and well supported and practiced emergencyevacuation plan is an integral component of anyrisk management strategy.

Originally published in Hendry Group's e-newsletteressential matters issue 51 from the Facility Manage-ment Association of Australia June08 e-newsletter,FMA Online

APF



For further information onEmergency EvacuationPlanning, please call CarolynJourneaux at FMA Australiaon +61 (0) 3 8641 6609

General training for your employees should address their

individual roles and responsibilities; potential threats,

hazards, and protective actions; notification, warning,

and communications procedures; the best means for

locating people in an emergency; evacuation.


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tors should be installed for maximum protection.

General Introduction to fixedgas detectionPortable gas detectors are small, lightweight, andmove with the user; many are disposable. Fixedgas detection systems, on the other hand, aredesigned for installation at a stationary locationand are expected to provide long-term service lifeand protection. This article addresses fixed gasdetection only. Three main types are generallyoffered: point-type, open-path, and analytic orsampling detection systems.

Point-type gas detectorsPoint-type gas detectors can be fitted with eithercombustible or toxic gas sensors. These detectorsmonitor a specific area or point within the facilityand must be strategically located for early detec-tion of gas. These detectors require calibration forthe gas type to be detected. Point-type detectorsalso must be routinely inspected to ensure they arecapable of performing as expected.

Open-path or line-of-sight gas detectors Open-path, or line-of-sight, gas detectors monitorthe presence of combustible hydrocarbon gaseswithin a beam of infrared light projected betweena pair of modules. To ensure that the gas/vaporhazard passes through the light beam, the modulesmust be strategically located and properly aligned.

As with point-type detectors, open-path detectorsmust be calibrated for the gas type to be detected.Typically, open-path detectors are self-monitoring in the case of a blocked light beam or similartrouble.

Analytic/sampling gas detection systems Many point-detection and analytical instrumentsuse a sampling system technique to extract an airsample, direct the sample to a sealed sensor whereit is analyzed, and then exhaust or return thesample to a safe location. Sampling systemcomponents typically include a vacuum pump,sensor(s), flowmeters, filters, and flow controlelements. They are generally mounted on a subplateinstalled within an enclosure with compressionfittings for sample tubing connections.

Gas Alarm Threshold SettingsFixed gas detection systems provide alarm outputsignals to alert people and initiate correctiveaction. The alarm settings must be low enough toensure the safety of people and equipment, butshould not be so low as to cause false alarms,sometimes caused by background gases, sensitivityto other gases or vapors, or sensor signal drift. Iffalse alarms are a problem, one option is to usevoting: two detectors must detect hazardous gaslevels before the alarm activates. In determiningoptimum alarm levels for fixed gas detectionsystems, consider the following:� Applicable industry standards or codes� Fire/explosion risk of the gas(es)� Toxicity of the gas or vapor� Typical background gas levels � Size and magnitude of the potential leak� Whether the area is occupied or unoccupied� Time required to respond to the alarm� Corrective actions required

By Dave Opheim

Detector ElectronicsCorporation

Selecting and PlacingGas Detectors forMaximum ApplicationProtectionMany industrial processes involve dangerous gases and vapors: flammable, toxic,or both. With the different sensing technologies available, and the wide range ofindustrial applications that exist, selecting the best sensor and locating themproperly for the job at hand can be a challenge.

Point gas detectors detect gas in the air withina defined radius of their sensor

A pair of open-path gas detectors detect gasin the air between the two sensors

P. 35-38 Gas Detection 11/9/08 11:36 AM Page 35

Selecting Gas DetectorsThird-party approvedFortunately for users of fixed gas detectors, anumber of independent agencies now have docu-mented safety and performance criteria for fixedgas detectors. Manufacturers must submit theirinstruments to these agencies, or affiliated testlabs, for testing to ensure compliance with thestandards and mark their product as “certified.”Independent product safety and performancecertification benefits end-users by providing a levelof assurance that the product being considered forpurchase is actually fit for duty. Following is asummary table of agencies and criteria to whichthey require compliance:

IntelligenceThe latest fixed gas detection instruments andsystems often offer on-board digital intelligence,meaning they deliver diagnostic capabilities, his-torical data logging, digital communications proto-cols, and provide additional microprocessor-basedfunctionality. The most dominant digital protocolsinclude HART and RS-485 Modbus, althoughproprietary digital protocols are also available.

Mean time between failureNew gas sensing technologies are available thatsignificantly improve the mean time betweenfailure. Foremost of these new technologies are

non-dispersive infrared (NDIR or simply IR) opticalgas detection devices that sense the presence offlammable hydrocarbons based upon their ten-dency to absorb infrared energy in a certainwavelength. This nondestructive measurementtechnique results in overall excellent service lifeexpectancies, as long as 10 years in some cases.

Sensing technologies for combustiblegasesFor detection of combustible gases, the mostcommon choices are catalytic and infrared sensors.

Catalytic sensors detect a wide range of com-bustible vapors, including hydrocarbon, hydrogen,and acetylene. Catalytic sensors offer good repeata-bility and accuracy with fast response time and lowinitial cost. A catalytic sensor’s greatest weakness isthat at high combustible gas concentrations, theremight be insufficient oxygen to catalyze all of thecombustible gas, resulting in a decreased signal ofgas concentration less than 100% LEL. Catalyticsensing requires routine calibration (typically everythree months or less). Catalytic sensors are suscep-tible to poisoning from exposure to a substancessuch as silicones, halogens, tetraethyl lead, acid,pvc vapors, and other corrosive materials. Sensorscan fail without annunciation, hence the require-ment for routine calibration or bump testing.

Infrared (IR) detectors are immune to poisoningfrom contaminants and require less maintenancethan catalytic. They are unaffected by prolongedexposure to gas, high gas concentrations, andchanges in oxygen level. Unlike catalytic sensors,some IR detectors are fail-safe, meaning that theinstrument checks itself and reports any internalcondition preventing detection capability. IR sen-sors can detect only hydrocarbon-based gases andvapors. IR sensors do not detect the presence ofsubstances such as hydrogen (H2), carbon disulfide(CS2) or acetylene. Apply IR sensors in combustible-gas applications where hydrocarbons are present.

Sensing technologies for toxic gasesCurrently, two main fixed-detector families areavailable to detect toxic gases: electrochemical celland Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) sensors.

Generally considered the workhorses for toxicgas detection, electrochemical sensors are relativelystable, repeatable, and consistent. Used to detecta wide range of different toxic gases in a variety


Nanotechnology MOS(NTMOS) sensorssignificantly improveMOS performance inboth arid and humidenvironments

SELECTING AND PLACING GAS DETECTORS FOR MAXIMUM APPLICATION PROTECTIONGAS DETECTION

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of different applications, electrochemical sensorsare available in different sizes and packages.Electrochemical gas sensor limitations includerestrictions in very hot and very cold environments.Some sensors use an electrolyte that can evaporatein hot arid conditions. They are generally not fail-safe, meaning they must be visually inspected androutinely calibrated to ensure proper operation.

MOS sensor strengths include long life, wideoperating temperature range, and excellentperformance in low humidity environments.Historically, MOS sensor stability was not ideal inregions prone to major changes in ambient relativehumidity. However, nanotechnology MOS (NTMOS)sensors are now available that significantlyimprove MOS performance in both arid and humidenvironments. These new sensors also enhancesensor speed of response to dangerous hydrogensulfide gas concentration levels.

Installation and CoverageRecommendationsAlthough gas detection system design and perfor-mance requirements exist through some regulatoryauthorities, there are no documented rules con-cerning optimum detector placement or quantityrequirements. Hazardous operation (HAZOP)analysis, along with proper planning and place-ment of sensors is the first step in protectingworkers and assets from gas hazards within anyfacility. However, best practices show that identifi-cation of most-likely sequence of events leading toa gas leak, and typical environmental conditionsduring the leakage, are the best way to identifyoptimal sensor installation points.

Where and how many?Consider these factors when evaluating optimalplacement and quantity of gas detectors: gas orvapor source, ignition source, gas density orbuoyancy, location (indoors or outdoors), ambienttemperature, and personnel location.

Gas or vapor source: To locate potential gas orvapor sources, review Process and InstrumentationDiagrams (PIDs), facility maps, and hazardous-areaclassification drawings. Evaluate the characteristicsof potential sources including pressure, amount of source, source temperature, and distance.Common areas for releases include pump andcompressor seals, instrumentation sources, valveseals, gaskets, and sample points.

Ignition source: After determining the presenceof combustible gas, identify sources of ignition –sparks or high-pressure gas release areas. Place thedetector between the ignition source and anypotential source of the gas or vapor.

Gas density, or buoyancy: Gas or vapor that isless dense than air (1.29 g/cc at normal conditions)will rise in still air. Gas or vapor that is denser thanair will settle to lower elevations in still air. Thedetector typically should be placed 45.7 to 61 cm(18 to 24 inches) above level where the gas wouldsettle. Remember that temperature affects thedensity of a gas. Heating decreases the density ofa gas and makes it lighter. In fact, heating orcooling a gas by 30°C (54°F) changes the gasdensity by approximately 11%. Pre-stratification bythermal sources can delay or prevent gas detectionnear heated areas or ceilings. This typically occurswhere heat sources are near the ceiling or whereroof decks are heated by solar radiation and no

suitable mechanical ventilation is provided. If suchpre-stratification potentials are present, thenplacement of the detector in area(s) unaffected bythe stratification is recommended.

Indoors/outdoors: The environmental settinggreatly influences vapor dispersion characteristicsand gas detection ability. Typically, indoor settingsmean that the overall hazardous area is well con-tained and that air flow can be identified andcontrolled. Ceilings and walls usually are the likelyareas for gas accumulation and area delineation.Point(s) of human contact are usually identifiable.Outdoor settings mean the air flow is less control-lable with few distinct areas of gas accumulation.These areas present a challenge that requirescomprehensive application analysis and soundengineering judgment.

Ambient temperature: Determine the maximumambient temperature. Include all nearby hotsurfaces, such as motors, pumps, or steam lines.The maximum ambient temperature plus a safetyfactor of 50°C to 60°C should be less than theflash point of the monitored gas.

Location of personnel: Particularly in situationsdealing with toxic gases, it is extremely importantto consider the locations of people at the facility.To place a sensor accurately between the leaksource and the people, review PIDs, facility maps,and hazardous-area classification drawings.

Useful accessoriesThe availability and routine use of gas detectionsystem accessories often ensures proper applica-tion, operation, and maintenance of an installedgas detection system. Typical useful accessoriesinclude compressed gas calibration kits, sensorseparation kits, remote gas-tubing kits, duct-mount adapters, and handheld communicators.

Combination of open and pointOptimal protection of a facility can be achievedthrough the simultaneous use of both open pathand fixed gas detectors. Point detectors should beinstalled at or near known high-risk gas leakagepoints or accumulation areas to provide specificinformation on the level of gas present at theseareas. Open-path gas detection systems should beinstalled at plant or process area boundaries,where they can monitor the plant perimeter, andprovide an indication of overall gas cloud move-ment in and out of the facility. It is possible toindentify and track the movement of gas cloudsthroughout the facility by monitoring the outputsignals of all the gas detectors on a commonworkstation graphic display screen.

Technology and TechniqueGas detection design relies on both technologyand technique. After becoming familiar with thetools of the industry, talk with detection systemproviders. They will know the most effective waysto install and use the devices and system.

In general, look at process design drawings and consider where gas leaks can happen. Makesure you are using the proper technology to seethe hazard. Look seriously at the safety standardsyou are required to meet and judge whetherdevices have undergone full third-party testing.And take full advantage of the experts that know the safety devices and system you decide toimplement. APF


SELECTING AND PLACING GAS DETECTORS FOR MAXIMUM APPLICATION PROTECTIONGAS DETECTION


Plastika (IFF16) 7/11/07 1:36 PM Page 1

833t SkumPort FPB_0608.indd 1 12/6/08 11:35:03


FOAMS

No one would dispute that the petrochemicalindustry constantly faces an unrivalled firesafety challenge; the processing, storage

and transportation of large quantities of highlyflammable and combustible liquids. While they areinfrequent, large storage tank fires are, under-standably, headline news and challenge all but themost professional and experienced fire fightingspecialists. The cost of lost production has thepotential to run into billions of dollars, and the life-threatening consequences are very real. However,risks can be minimised through the careful designof the fire protection systems, provided that this isbased on a detailed and current risk assessment.

Indeed, it is an industry where the need forprofessionally undertaken and constantly updated

risk assessment is of paramount importance. It hasto address some tough questions. What is theworst possible fire scenario; what resources wouldbe needed to fight such a blaze; what if the fixedinstallations are destroyed by explosion; what sortof response would the local municipal fire servicebe able to provide, and how long would it take tobe in place?

Certainly, the fire risk assessment should neverbe downgraded to the status of an occasionalpaperwork exercise. Risk assessment in this sectorin particular must be a dynamic process and betop of the agenda, particularly when consideringchanges to the facilities or processes. Thesechanges will often alter the facility’s risk profiles,and this might well jeopardise the effectiveness of

By John Allen

EMEA MarketingDirector for Tyco FireSuppression & BuildingProducts

Foams – asking theright questions,making the rightchoicesWhile the petrochemical industry is undeniably one of the major users of fixedfoam fire protection systems, it is essential to have a detailed understanding ofthe particular installation, the risks and processes before deciding on the mostappropriate solution. Here, John Allen, EMEA Marketing Director for Tyco FireSuppression & Building Products looks at some of the issues affecting systemdesign and overviews the merits of different fire protection strategies and thefoam agents currently available.

P. 41-45 Foams 11/9/08 11:39 AM Page 41

existing fire protection systems that, by their verynature, must be risk specific.

And it must be remembered that, in the UK forexample, the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Orderand the Fire & Rescue Services Act placed a wholenew raft of fire safety responsibilities directly onthe site owner’s and occupier’s shoulders. Underthe Order, the onus for carrying out fire safetyassessments passed from the local municipal firebrigade to the premises manager, who has thelegal obligation to ensure that competent people –either employees or sub-contracted specialist riskassessors – undertake fire risk assessments of theirfacilities.

Holistic approach to petrochemical firesafetyWhile outside the scope of this article, it is impor-tant to recognise that, in addition to commission-ing a well-conceived fire fighting system, risks canbe minimised by adhering to appropriate designguidelines at the facility’s construction stage. Forexample, well-designed and built storage tanksthat are correctly installed and well-maintained areessential; so too is the proper use of containmenttechniques and the adoption of suitable passivefire protection measures.

This care and attention to fire safety detailapplies to refineries and processing areas; flam-mable and combustible liquid storage areas,including tanks and warehousing; bund and dykeareas; vehicle loading facilities and jetties.Inevitably, such a diverse collection of fire riskscalls for a comprehensive toolbox of products;foam agents and design expertise to create anoptimum fire protection solution for the entirefacility.

The design of fire protection systems requiresspecific expertise and experience in identifying therisks associated with hazardous materials andprocesses. Each application may well warrant adifferent fire protection solution, depending onthe type of liquid stored or processed. So, thesystem’s designer must consider the liquid’s flashpoint, its boiling point, and determine if it is ahydrocarbon or a water-soluble, polar solvent fuel.This information enables the designer to completethe first part of the design process, classify theliquid, and establishes the most appropriate typeof foam concentrate, its application rate and thedischarge time.

To assist the designer, the NFPA [National FireProtection Association] has developed a taxonomyfor flammable and combustible liquids, whichassists in developing appropriate fire protectiontactics. For example, volatile liquids have a highvapour pressure and are easy to ignite, whileproducts with a high vapour pressure and lowflash point are more difficult to extinguish thanproducts with a low vapour pressure and highflash point.

Firefighting foam optionsThere have, in recent years, been many advancesin the field of foam concentrates, and somesuppliers have been somewhat over enthusiasticwhen promoting their own type of genericproduct, the formulation of which has beendependent upon the company’s manufacturingcapability. However, it is important to be aware ofthe wide range of foams that are available today,

from low-cost but highly stable protein foamsthrough to the latest leading-edge syntheticproducts, such as ANSUL® THUNDERSTORM® ATC1 x 3. This is the latest generation of alcohol resis-tant AFFF foam concentrate, which was developedin consultation with Williams Fire and HazardControl Inc, probably the world’s most highlyrespected specialist in the fire protection offlammable liquids.

Basically, foam is a stable mass of small, air-filled bubbles that have a lower density than oil,petrol, or water. When it is discharged, it com-prises three elements: the foam concentrate,water and air. Because of the product’s lowdensity, it readily floats on a fuel’s surface to extin-guish a flammable liquid fire by separating the fuelfrom oxygen. Effectively, it smothers the fire, whileits high water content provides effective cooling.Well-formulated foam, correctly applied, willexhibit a number of characteristics. These includestability, cohesion, rapid fire-knockdown, heatresistance and vapour suppression; all of whichwill ensure that a fire is extinguished efficientlyand securely to prevent re-ignition.

Briefly, the types of foam currently on themarket can be generally summarised as follows:

Protein Foams:● Stable mechanical foam● Good expansion properties● Excellent heat and burn-back resistance● High fluidity● Low fuel tolerance

Fluoroprotein Foams:● Inherent stability of protein base● Faster flame knock-down● Fuel tolerance● Greater fluidity● Hydrocarbon vapour suppression

Aqueous Film Forming Foams (AFFF):● High quality foam● Low or medium expansion● Compatible with wide range of equipment● Good shelf life● Concentrated agents available for 1%

induction

Film Forming Fluoroprotein Foams:● High stability foam● Rapid knock-down

Alcohol Resistant Concentrates:● Synthetic or fluoroprotein● Highly versatile● Fast knock-down● Good burn-back resistance● Fuel tolerant (used on hydrocarbon and polar

solvents)● Excellent prolonged vapour-mitigating

propertiesOf course, it is not merely a matter of selecting

the foam, critically important though that is; it is equally essential to decide on a supplier of foam concentrate and provider of delivery systems.And this must be a decision that is not based on cost alone! Continuity of supply, technicalsupport, engineering know-how, manufacturingresources and industry expertise all have to beassessed.


ASKING THE RIGHT QUESTIONS, MAKING THE RIGHT CHOICESFOAMS

P. 41-45 Foams 11/9/08 11:39 AM Page 42


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P. 41-45 Foams 11/9/08 11:39 AM Page 43

Petrochemical industry applicationsThe petrochemical industry uses a variety ofstorage tanks for its products, each with a slightlydifferent risk profile:● Cone roof tanks (fixed roof tanks).● Open-top floating roof tanks.● Covered floating roof tanks.● Horizontal tanks.

Usually, the primary protection of tanks is bymeans of fixed fire protection systems, with sec-ondary protection being achieved through the useof foam monitors. Foam generators used in fixedsystems have proved very successful in manyinstallations and can provide a cost effective andreliable solution. However, any damage to thetank structure may well limit the foam generator’sefficiency. This, together with maintenance issues,has lead to the widespread use of sub-surfaceinjection systems in applications where sufficientwater pressure is available for their use.

Sub-surface injection of foam into a storagetank is, as the name implies, where the foam isinjected into the bottom of a tank, and then floatsto the surface to spread and extinguish a fire. How-ever, this method is unsuitable for use with polarsolvents, even where alcohol-resistant concentratesare used, because the fuel destroys the foam. Soextreme care must be taken to ensure that the sub-surface injection technique is not used on potentialgasoline blends that contain alcohol or other polarsolvent additives as oxygenates.

Sub-surface injection also cannot be used onany open-top floating roof tanks or cone rooftanks, in accordance with NFPA 11 [Standard forlow, medium and high-expansion foams]. How-ever, the so-called semi-subsurface injection tech-nique has all of the benefits of sub-surfaceinjection, plus it can be used for all types of fuel. The semi-subsurface technique uses a flexible hose, which floats to the surface when thesystem is activated, to deliver the foam onto thesurface.

Fixed monitors are a cost effective method ofprotecting relatively small storage tanks andassociated spill or ground fires. Remote operation,which ensures that fire fighters are kept at a safe

distance from the incident, can be achieved byusing electrical or hydraulic control systems.Although monitor’s streams have successfully beenused for extinguishing fires in larger diametertanks, using high-flow devices and large diameterfire hoses, monitors should not – in accordancewith NFPA 11 – be considered as primary protec-tion for larger cone roof tanks with diameters inexcess 18 metres.

Fixed systems can also be used for floating rooftanks; foam pourers are used to protect the rimseal area, with the foam being contained by adam. However, good foam fluidity is essential toensure that rapid coverage is achieved, and someoil companies have adopted a belt-and-bracesapproach and installed both foam pourers andsub-surface systems on covered floating rooftanks.

Horizontal tanks have been known to rupturefollowing an explosion, so it is necessary to ensurethat the bund area is adequately protected. Fixedlow or medium expansion generators can be usedto create an effective foam blanket, even on largerbund areas in major tank farms, and any residualfuel in the tank can be protected using a monitor.In reality, monitors can be used to protect thebund area, but this results in much higher foamconsumption. At least two monitors are recom-mended to protect larger bunds to ensure fullcoverage and access to devices under all windconditions.

Truck loading racks require special attention asa fire in this location can easily escalate and threat-en lives. Foam can provide a quick knock-downwith the added advantage of vapour suppressionand containment to prevent re-ignition prior to thecleaning-up process. Foam is delivered through acombination of an overhead foam/water delugesprinklers supplemented by low-level groundsweep nozzles. Additional protection is providedagainst radiant heat, and structural cooling is ben-eficial to prevent further damage. Monitors canprovide cost effective protection, but coverageremains an issue and the designer must be certainthat this strategy will deliver the site’s fire protec-tion objectives. APF


ASKING THE RIGHT QUESTIONS, MAKING THE RIGHT CHOICESFOAMS

P. 41-45 Foams 11/9/08 11:39 AM Page 44


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P. 41-45 Foams 11/9/08 11:39 AM Page 45

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CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

NFPA 1992 addresses the second tier ofhazardous materials response protection. Itfocuses on chemical liquid splash protection,

short-term intermittent contact with non-hazardous (skin-toxic or carcinogenic) chemicalsthat do not produce vapours.

The highest level of protection is covered byNFPA 1991. Its primary purpose is to specify pro-tective clothing that isolates the wearer from ahazardous chemical environment that surroundsthem. Complete ensembles, a suit with attachedgloves that totally encapsulates the wearer includ-ing their breathing apparatus, are always thoughtto be required in these circumstances. With astringent test, these are evaluated for permeationresistance to both liquid chemicals and gases. Thepassage of this media through the ensemble

material is measured at a molecular level usinganalytical equipment.

Testing incorporates:● Permeation testing of suit, visor, glove, and

footwear materials along with their seams. ● Test for resistance against a battery of 24

chemicals containing gases and liquids, includ-ing five warfare agents.

● Inflation of ensembles to determine integrityagainst gas penetration.

● A “shower-like” test for demonstrating integrityof clothing against liquid penetration.

● Burst strength, puncture/tear resistance, lowtemperature performance, abrasion resistance,and flex fatigue testing of suit, glove, andfootwear materials.

● Break strength testing for seams and closures.

By John Eklund

Trelleborg ProtectiveProducts

Life PreservingStandardsStandards covering protective clothing first began in the 1980s. Up until thengarments used by first responders did not give consistent protection. Sofollowing an incident involving leaking chemicals from a railcar, the NationalTransportation Safety Board in the US recommended that government agenciessupport the development of protective standards. The result was the preparationof standards NFPA 1991 and NFPA 1992 by the National Fire Protection Agency(NFPA), the agency that issues standards for protective clothing for the fireservice and first responders of all kinds.

Typical first responsesituation involvingchemicals

P. 47-50 CPC 11/9/08 11:40 AM Page 47

● Leakage and mounting strength testing ofexhaust valves.

● Evaluation of the functional use of theensemble and dexterity of gloves.

● Additional options cover protection againstliquefied gas and flash fire. Also of relevance to protective clothing are levels

of protection, originally developed for respiratoryequipment, defined by the US EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA). These go from A throughto D, where D is the lowest and A the highest levelof protection.

Level D applies when there are no contaminantsand splashes, immersion, or where the potentialfor unexpected inhalation or contact with haz-ardous levels of chemicals can be prevented withinthe working area.

Level C protection is required when the concen-tration and type of airborne substances is knownand the criteria for using air-purifying respiratorsare met.

Level B protection applies when the highest levelof respiratory protection is required with a lowerlevel of skin protection. The main differencebetween Level C and Level B protection is thatatmospheric concentrations and other selectioncriteria permit wearing of an air-purifying respira-tor. Equipment therefore includes positive-pressure,full face-piece self-contained breathing apparatus(SCBA) or positive pressure supplied air respiratorwith escape SCBA, inner and outer chemical-resistant gloves, face shield, hooded chemical resis-tant clothing, coveralls, and outer chemical-resistant boots.

Level A protection is required when the greatestpotential exists for exposure to hazards and wherea very high level of skin, respiratory, and eye pro-tection is needed. Clothing and equipmentincludes positive-pressure, full face-piece selfcontained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or positivepressure supplied air respirator with escape SCBA,totally encapsulated chemical-and vapour-protectivesuit, inner and outer chemical-resistant gloves, anddisposable protective suit, gloves, and boots.

There are no standards linked to the EPA levelof protection except for NFPA 1992 which equatesto EPA level B and NFPA 1991, corresponding tolevel A. These standards are voluntary and there isno legal obligation for users and manufacturers tocomply. However, in order to obtain federal grantsfor Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) procurement,compliance with the applicable NFPA standard isusually required. Independent institutes and labo-ratories such as the Safety Equipment Institute(SEI) and Underwriters Laboratories (UL) managecertification and approval to NFPA standards.

In Europe the basic requirements for all PersonalProtective Equipment (PPE) on the market areoutlined by directive, 89/686/EC. This requires CEmarking and for this purpose products are dividedinto three different categories. Category 1 is PPEof simple design, for example sunglasses. Category2 is “intermediate”, everything that is neither 1nor 3. CPC belongs to Category 3 for PPE of acomplex design that protects against serious risks.

Harmonisation of the specific requirementsevolved within CEN, the European standardizationorganization. A series of classifications for differenttypes of CPC and levels of protection were devised.These are detailed above with relevant standards.

The PPE directive is implemented through nationallegislation and monitored by an authority in eachmember state. For category 3 PPE, third partyapproval is required. Notified bodies, test institutesthat are accredited for performing compliance test-ing and approval of PPE, perform this. To achieveCE marking not only is product examination andapproval needed but also manufacture by a qualitycontrol system according to the PPE directive andISO 9000, as approved by a notified body. Alterna-tively, the manufacturer can make an agreementwith a notified body for sampling and testing of thePPE being produced at regular intervals.

There is a relationship between the Europeanand American standards with NFPA 1991 relating tolevels 1 and 2 of the European standard for gastightand air fed suits. However the American tests aremore stringent with a minimum breakthrough time


LIFE PRESERVING STANDARDSCHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

Classification Type Product standard Test to define typenumber

1 Gastight top level of protection EN 943-1 EN 464 pressure testfrom solids, liquids and gases

1a Gastight, breathing apparatus worn EN 943-1 EN 464 pressure testinside a protective suit

1aET Type 1a for emergency teams EN 943-2 EN 464 pressure test

1b Gastight, breathing apparatus worn EN 943-1 EN 464 pressure testoutside the suit

1bET Type 1b for emergency teams EN 943-2 EN 464 pressure test

1c Gastight, air fed suit (breathable air EN 943-1 EN 464 pressure testfed into the suit; no breathing apparatus)

2 Air fed suit (see 1c) but not gastight EN 943-1 EN 464 pressure test

3 Liquid-tight protection EN 14605 EN 463 jet test

4 Spray-tight protection EN 14605 EN 463 spray test

5 Protection from particles EN ISO 13982-1 EN ISO 13982-2

6 Low exposure/risk protection from liquids EN 13034

P. 47-50 CPC 11/9/08 11:40 AM Page 48

TRELLCHEM VPS: PERSONAL PROTECTION EXCELLENCETrellchem® VPS suits combine protection from a wide range of dangerous working situations and uncompromising quality. This makes each suit a very cost-effective, long-lasting personal protection solution.

Designed and skilfully handmade by expert craftsmen, each Trellchem® VPS suit takes advantage of proprietary multilayer laminate technology that provides excellent chemical barrier properties.

Personal protective suits are a signifi cant com-ponent in often risk-fi lled activities. Trellchem VPS suits are therefore built to be extremely durable and strong while still maintaining neces-sary and reliable levels of functionality.

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Certifi cates & Approvals Trellchem® VPSEuropean standard for hazmat/emergency teams EN 943-2.NFPA 1991 incl. chem/bio warfare testing. A Trellchem® VPS suit fulfi ls all demands as a “single skin” suit and does not require any additional cover to meet fl ame and abrasion requirements.

Trelleborg Protective Products ABJohan Kocksgatan 10, SE-231 81 Trelleborg, SwedenTel: +46 (0) 410 510 00, Fax: +46 (0) 410 518 40

E-mail: [email protected]

Trelleborg Hercules Pte Ltd 4 Jalan Pesawat, Singapore 619362

Tel: +65 6262 1664, Fax: +65 6265 9853 E-mail: [email protected]

www.trellchem.comwww.vikingdiving.com

Trelleborg APF with pdf 1/9/08 11:58 AM Page 1

of 60 minutes, where EN 943-2 stipulates 30 min-utes and EN-943-1 only ten. More importantly arethe detection limits for permeation rates. For NFPA1991 these are ten-times more challenging at0.1 µg/cm2/min versus 1.0 µg/cm2/min for theEuropean standards. In addition, for NFPA 1991,testing is against a larger battery of chemicals athigher temperatures, includes resistance testingagainst warfare agents and additional flexing plusabrasion prior to testing. Also, like in Europe, man-ufactures’ quality control systems are regulated forNFPA 1991, with yearly checks on facilities.

More details are included in the comparisonabove.

When choosing an ensemble there are a num-ber of other factors linked to the standards thatshould be considered. Firstly will an ensemble withover cover, outer gloves and boots be necessary tomeet both NFPA 1991 and EN standards. Generallythis is the case. However, with advanced materialtechnology a number of manufacturers canachieve the European standards with a singlelayer, significantly enhancing manoeuvrability and

comfort. Due to the much higher demands ofNFPA 1991 there are few single skin, one layerensemble certified to this standard.

Other considerations when selecting an ensembleare reusability and limited use. Limited use CPCcan be made just of plastic laminate, are of a rela-tively low strength, typically 250-300 N, limiteddurability with flex cracking at less than 5000cycles and cannot be decontaminated or evenhygienically cleaned.

A reusable suit must be made of rubber or rub-ber plus plastic laminate on woven fabrics. Thismust be strong with a tensile strength typicallybetween 1000 and 1500N. It should demonstratedurability and resistance to flex cracking over50,000 to 100,000 cycles, be flame retardant andcapable of decontamination. To conform to higherstandards the use of reusable as opposed to limiteduse suits is recommended.

Additionally there have been recent concernsabout ensemble storage life. The NFPA standardsrequire that a statement regarding ensemble stor-age life be included in user information. The SafetyEquipment Institute (SEI) has become aware thatfor some ensembles manufacturers are claimingindefinite storage life. The SEI is therefore advisingthat statements such as ‘unlimited storage life’ or‘indefinite storage life’ are not acceptable unlessthey can be substantiated. They also state that thisevidence should be made available on request.

Finally, and importantly for any employer tonote, is that much legislation requires them toprovide their workers with the ‘best level ofprotection available’. If it can be shown that thiswas not done then the employer may be liable tocompensate for any injury that a higher level ofPPE would have prevented. Generally, as in manyfirst response situations the risks are unknown,this means that PPE certified to both European andUS standards is recommended. In this way anemployer can then be certain that they havecovered all eventualities. APF


An ensemble is cleanedto allow the user to takeit off safely

LIFE PRESERVING STANDARDSCHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

USA Europe

Standard NFPA 1991 EN 943-1 EN 943-2

Test Chemicals 24 Specified At least 2 none specified 15 Specified

Liquids 19 12

Gases 6 3

Chemical resistance test method ASTM F739 EN 374-3 or EN ISO 6529

Detection limit of permeation test 0.1 µg/cm2/min 1.0 µg/cm2/min

Preconditioning of primary suit Flexing & abrasion Nonematerials prior to permeation test

Duration of permeation test At least 60 minutes 10 minutes 30 minutes – if failure –include note in manual

Test temperature or chemical +27°C (+81°F) +23°C (+73°F) or 20°C (+68°F)permeation resistance test

Chemical resistance test of Penetration resistance None Penetration resistance zipper/closure for 60 minutes after 50 for 5 minutes

opening/closing cycles

Warfare agent resistance Chembio testing with 5 None agents for minimum of60 minutes at +32°C(+90°F)

P. 47-50 CPC 11/9/08 11:40 AM Page 50

Unifire w/p 18/5/06 5:07 pm Page 1

APF-GAMaxXT-SRP-A4.indd 1 9/2/2008 1:21:12 PM


CONFINED SPACE RESCUE

This competition energized me to write anarticle about confined space rescue and thegood things I witnessed.

Of course I want to write a piece that willbenefit the reader and I asked myself how best todo this. Well, the answer was finding a recent real-life rescue that was disastrous. This attentiongaining device might engage the reader as theymay have faced a similar set of circumstances on aprevious rescue.

I started searching the usual places NIOSH, U.S.Fire Administration, European Agency for Safetyand Health at Work, news agencies and so forth.This is always informative and full of information.In 2007, asphyxiation was the third leading causeof firefighter deaths in the USA; taking 18 lives.Sixteen deaths were related to structure fires, onedrowning and one from a vehicle crash1. I foundthat 65% of all confined space fatalities are due tohazardous atmosphere; in many deaths there wereno gas detectors, air measuring devices, nor venti-lation; one third of all deaths were supervisors;60% were rescuers2; 25% of spaces were toxicbefore entry. Further, according to the AccidentCompensation Corporation of New Zealand “Ithas been estimated that working in a confinedspace is 150 times more dangerous than doing thesame job outside.” Without doubt, confinedspaces are highly hazardous environments.

What I didn’t find, however, was a pleasantsurprise. I was not able to find any recent confined

space rescues involving firefighter fatalities; nonefor many years. This, for me, is telling. Somethingright is happening! But what is it? Here is one ideaon what is happening in the confined space rescuesphere.

As we know, it was not so many years ago wedid hear of too many deaths of firefighters duringconfined space rescues. Since that time we devel-oped tools and procedures to prevent rescuersfrom becoming victims, trained the rescuers, andimplemented policies to prevent deaths. Now thiswinning program is well instituted in the firehouse. Where the problem still exists is in occu-pational environment. During my search, I did findtoo many examples of a usual day at work goinghorribly wrong.

As you are aware, employers are required tohave a written plan to address confined spaces inthe workplace. This plan, similar to your responseguidelines, should be accessible by all employeesand employees whose work is regulated by thesestandards must be trained on the plan3. Thecontents of their plan should be very similar to the

By Mitchell C.Baclawski

Fire Science AcademyUniversity of NevadaReno

Confined SpaceRescue 101Recently I was asked to be one of the judges for an industrial rescuecompetition. As I am always interested in seeing responders in action, I acceptedand was assigned the confined space rescue problem.

1 Firefighter Fatalities in the United States in 2007, USFire Administration, June 2008, Page 222 In this case rescuers are the people such as co-workersand supervisors who discovered the victim andattempted rescue.3 In the United States this regulation is Title 29 Code ofFederal Regulations, 1910.146 and related appendixes.

P. 53-55 Confined Space 11/9/08 11:42 AM Page 53

contents of your plan. Here is a brief overview.Entering and working in confined spaces is a

regulated activity in most places. These regula-tions, and we will use U.S. Occupational Safetyand Health Administration (OSHA) occupationalhealth and safety standard title 29 CFR 1910.146as our example, define a confined space as anyspace large enough and so configured that anemployee can bodily enter and perform assignedwork, has limited or restricted means for entry orexit, and is not designed for continuous occup-ancy. Regulations also determine what spacesrequire a permit system to enter. Permit requiredspaces are confined spaces having one or more ofthe following characteristics: the potential for orcontaining a hazardous atmosphere; potential forengulfment; potential for entrapment or asphyxia-tion; and/or the potential for any other health orsafety hazard.

Persons working at or in permit required spacesrequire specialized training if they will be enteringthe space, attending to those who are in the con-fined space, and those who will supervise thework or rescue. The attendant is an individual orteam member stationed outside one or more con-fined spaces that monitor the authorized entrants.The entrants are individuals or team members whoare authorized to enter confined spaces, and whomeets all specified training for this duty. The entrysupervisor is the team member responsible fordetermining entry and rescue operations, forauthorizing entry and overseeing operations, andfor terminating operations once they are complete.

Here are some general dos and don’ts forresponding to confined space emergencies:

While en-route and when arriving on the scenetry to obtain the following information:1 What type of space is it?2 Is it above or below ground?3 Determine location and number of possible

patients.4 Determine whether it will be a rescue or

recovery.5 Determine all entry points and locations.6 Determine all hazards; to include chemical,

mechanical, electrical, atmospheric, possibilityfor engulfment, entrapment and dangerousanimals.

7 Determine if there is injury and what type.8 Determine if additional resources may be

needed.9 Determine if the space is a permit required

space. 10 Locate the entry permit for the space and

secure it.Also, determine if a retrieval system is in use.

This system can be used to facilitate a non-entryrescue and uses a retrieval line anchored outsidethe space and secured to the entrant, usually to afull-body harness. Be aware wristlets and ankletsmay be used in some cases where a full-bodyharness is not feasible or creates a greater hazard.

Establish and use your incident commandsystem.

Dispatch additional resources as necessary.Make sure you have:1 Adequate EMS units.2 Adequate air supplies are available.3 A HAZMAT team, if needed.4 Any specialist that may be needed; public

works, electrical, gas, mechanical, etc.5 Additional manpower that may be needed; fire,

rescue, EMS, law enforcement, etc. Together with using your confined space entry

procedure, be sure to also use lock-out and tag-out procedures before making entry. In the UnitedStates these procedures are based on 29 CFR1910.147. The scope of this standard “covers theservicing and maintenance of machines andequipment in which the unexpected energizationor start up of the machines or equipment, orrelease of stored energy could cause injury toemployees.”4 Use lock-out and tag-out proceduresfor the safety of your team and patient anytimethere is the possibility of the release of storedenergy, or mechanical energy.

Be sure to assess all mechanical, electrical,liquid, gas and engulfment hazards. And don’t


CONFINED SPACE RESCUE

4 29 CFR 1910.147(a)(1)(i)


forget to check for poisonous or otherwisedangerous animals. Shut down, shut off and closeall potential sources of hazards and secure themwith lock-out and tag-out procedures.

We know dangerous atmospheres account for alarge percentage of confined space fatalities.Monitoring the atmosphere is critical for theteam’s safety. This procedure must be done priorto all confined space entries and rescue. Be sureyou are checking for oxygen content, toxics andflammability. Use only intrinsically safe tools andequipment within a space with a potentially flam-mable atmosphere. Any space with an atmospherethat is an immediate danger to life or health (IDLH)must be ventilated before entry is made. Recordtest results and repeat testing at regular intervals.

Now that we have obtained as much informa-tion about the characteristics of the space, estab-lished command, called for additional resources,used lock-out and tag-out procedures to controlenergy sources, and know the atmosphere withinthe space, we are ready to make entry.

Entry decisions will be made based on theznumber and location of patients, safety of theentry points, and monitor readings. Only after the best method and location of entry isdetermined should entry be made.

All team members entering the space should belogged on the entry worksheet and their time inthe space tracked. Communications are criticaland a solid system for ensuring a good flow ofinformation within the team and between theteam and command has to be in place. A back-upteam should be available at the entry site tosupport the entry team in case of difficulties oremergency.

Once locating the patient, decide whether theoperation will be a rescue or recovery.

If rescue, assess the patient for medical prob-lems and treat for any life threatening injuries.Assess whether patient can be treated in space orrapid extrication is required. Establish whether thepatient needs to be placed on a supplied airbreathing system. Assess whether the patient canbe removed with the equipment carried in by theteam and if additional team members and equip-ment is needed. Maintain communications withoperations on patient status and any additionalpersonnel and equipment needs.

Always use a patient removal system and devicethat is applicable to the situation, the size of thespace, and the patient’s size. Utilize a mechanicaladvantage system whenever possible and neveruse electrical winches, booms, etc. for lifting orremoving patients or team members.

Basic equipment should include properlycalibrated multi-gas detection devices, rescue gearincluding harnesses, rescue rope, and protectiveclothing, self contained or air line respirators withfive minute escape packs, ventilation fans andducting, and a tripod approved for rescue work.

Use caution when moving a patient out of anopening which affords the only means of egressfor the team. Whenever possible, have all teammembers at the egress side of the opening in theevent the patient becomes lodged in the opening.If a team member will be blocked during extrica-tion, be certain the attendant and command areaware of the situation and have a plan for emer-gency egress. If supplied air breathing apparatusare being used, monitor air lines and keep them

clear to prevent problems.If the operation is a recovery protect the scene

for investigators and follow your local notificationprotocols. If your team will remove the victim, doso in the same manner you would use in a rescue.

Once all patients are removed from theconfined space, all entry team members will exitthe space and be logged out on the entryworksheet. Any and all difficulties or problemsshould be reported to command and the rescueoperation critiqued after team members havepost-rescue rehabilitation.

Statistics prove confined space rescues can beperformed safely when following established plansand procedures. Ongoing training on your plan isnecessary to maintain critical skills and refreshknowledge. Make the commitment to keep youand your team up to speed on confined spacerescue.

In closing, here are some basic dos and don’tsfor every confined space rescue: Do● Check the atmosphere using approved multi-

gas detectors● Ensure all rescue personnel are properly trained

to perform the rescue● Ensure all entry personnel have a proper tag

line and communication systems● Ensure a trained backup team is in place prior

to entering the space● Ensure all personnel know the hazards that are

present in the space● Ensure proper ventilationDon’t● Don’t enter without making the area safe by

following approved lock-out and tag-outprocedures

● Don’t enter without checking the air for O2,Toxics and Flammability

● Don’t enter an IDLH or flammable atmospherewithout first ventilating the space

● Don’t enter the space without an attendantproperly equipped to perform a rescue

● Don’t enter a potentially flammable atmospherewith equipment that will cause a spark

APF


CONFINED SPACE RESCUE 101CONFINED SPACE RESCUE


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SCBA TRAINING

These can include confined spaces, raisedtemperature and/or humidity, reduced visibili-ty and increased workload. With each

increase in task loading comes a proportionalincrease in risk to the personnel involved –training, in conjunction with PPE, is therefore afundamental means of managing these risks.

As a leading manufacturer of respiratory prod-ucts Dräger has responded to these operationalneeds and has developed a range of SCBA Train-ing Galleries. To date Dräger has designed andinstalled over 500 such training systems across theworld. Each of these represents an ‘engineeredsystem’ that has been honed to meet each cus-tomers specific training requirements.

There are fundamentally four key areas of atraining gallery each of which plays a vital role inbuilding the necessary skills to enhance familiaritywith PPE (SCBA, portable gas detection, headprotection systems, protective suits/apparel,thermal imaging cameras, communicationsequipment), awareness of task loading and allied

dexterity implications. ● Exercise evaluation and assessment centre● SCBA Training maze● Operations/skill development area● Control centre

Fixed or MobileNot unlike Dräger’s range of Fire Training Simula-tors; these Respiratory Protection training systemscan be installed into a fixed training facility orinstead can be mounted on a mobile platform.The configuration possibilities are almost endless.

For mobile applications Dräger engineerstypically incorporate a high pressure breathing gascompressor and containment station together witha small service area/workshop facility. This enablestraining levels to be maintained regardless oflocation. During or at the end of each training daycertain equipment will require attention i.e.recharging SCBA cylinders, cleaning SCBA masks,re-calibrating gas detectors – to have a suitablyequipped space to do this is essential. For mining

By Mathew Lock

Draeger Business CentreAsia Pacific

RespiratoryProtectionTraining SystemsAs all SCBA users will bear testament, there are many physical and psychologicalconsiderations for the wearer during the varied operations facing ourprofessional fire and emergency response teams; whether a new recruit orseasoned veteran.

Dräger ‘HorizontalTreadmill’ and ‘ImpactMachine’ in Operation

P. 57-60 SCBA Training 11/9/08 11:43 AM Page 57

clients Dräger has even installedtheir Oxygen booster within such aworkshop area to permit re-charging of theirclosed circuit cylinders.

From the mighty Dräger Fire Dragon to theD•pod (Personnel Occupational Development)trainer – a solution can be developed to meetmost requirements. With the D•pod the engineer-ing team were also able to incorporate the Drägerhandheld, LPG Propane fuelled fire extinguishertrainer; The Tutor.

Exercise evaluation and assessmentcentreThis is a crucial component of any RespiratoryProtection training arena and can be used in avariety of ways. It is often implemented by way ofstress testing each student who would be expectedto wear PPE during its operation; this togetherwith the physiological monitoring capability ensurethat each participant is challenged but in acontrolled and closely monitored environment.

The more common components containedwithin this exercise evaluation arena are:● Vertical Treadmill (Endless Ladder™)● Horizontal Treadmill● Impact Machine● Bicycle Ergometer

The VerticalTreadmill

(Endless Ladder™)The vertical treadmill is a

work measuring apparatuswhich can be used to expose the person wearingrespiratory protective apparatus to realistic physicalstress as encountered when climbing raking or firefighting ladders. This equipment includes heightand speed adjustments together with an inter-locked safety beam to prevent injury in the eventthat student cannot continue the exercise.

The Horizontal Treadmill & Impact MachineAs the names would suggest, these ‘commercialstrength’ machines have been developed to permit‘task specific’ exercise whilst wearing full PPE.These units permit integration of the Drägerphysiological monitoring package which includespulse and telemetry data logging. These units havevariable speed and duration controls which can bemanipulated to suit the participant’s personal andtraining needs.

SCBA Training MazeThese systems are used to train breathing appara-tus operators in areas of confined space, stressmanagement, improved orientation, self aware-ness and sharpening reaction times. Many usersstate the one of the greatest benefits of thesemaze systems results from the removal of thetraditional ‘comfort zone’ and incorporates somany challenges in one environment.

To achieve these training objectives the Drägerteam has configured a multi story, reconfigurablemaze system which provides variable orientationroutes, integrated obstacles and extra sensoryaides such as darkness, cosmetic smoke, heat,humidity and noise.

The maze is manufactured using durable, weldedmesh, special wooden substructures and nonreflective paint. It includes a leveling capability andpermits the use of cosmetic smoke withouthindering the free passage of the ventilationsystem. Such a design also permits the use of IRand/or Thermal Imaging equipment.

At various intervals throughout the mazeDräger insert a series of obstacles. These include,but are not limited to pipe restrictions, irregularrestrictions, slopes and manhole entrances. Mostof these can be re-orientated by the instructors toensure that the training environment can bealtered. This is to ensure that training diversity is


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The S2 can be used as a hands-free unit or it can be hung over the neck like a pairof binoculars using the neck strap. It is the lightest and smallest thermal imagingcamera in the World. It is suitable for use with all known breathing apparatus andgas masks. As an all round camera with the capability to monitor for fi re / searchand rescue of victims, there is no better camera for the job.

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facilitated for each student. Dräger incorporate a range of safety systems

within each maze design. Each student’s progresscan be monitored through the central controlstation using an innovative Dräger sensor tech-nology – it is even possible to monitor multiplestudents at one time. Additionally, each of thetraining maze sections can be easily removed toprovide emergency access/egress.

Operations/Skill Development AreaThis is the final component of the training arenaand is designed to test each participant as theyconduct a series of ‘work related’ tasks. Theseinclude tasks such as the operation of ball valvesand the isolation of electrical boxes. In today’s everchanging environment Dräger has been requiredto enhance these training scenarios to includeHAZMAT and CBRN related capabilities also.

On occasion heat and humidity is also intro-duced to this section of the training facility. It isimportant for the students to experience elevatedlevels of ambient temperature whilst wearing PPEand performing these tasks. Many students reportthat equipment familiarisation is an invaluableoutcome from these exercises.

Control CentreThe entire facility can operated via a centralcomputer which is located in the control room.Underpinned by an industrially proven PLC hard-ware configuration, the Windows based operatingsystem can provide real-time information to thecontroller in English, German or the local languageas required.

It is important that the control team has a clear,and recordable, view of all students involved intraining. As stated above, this is often achievedthrough the use of IR and Thermal Imaging CCTVtechnologies. Of course, human intervention isalso a key factor so Safety Officers and/or Instruc-tors are still required.

The central control desk is the heart of thesystem and all components of the facility can becontrolled from here. These include:

● Exercise data logging systems (physiologicalequipment)

● Training maze tracking system● Sound simulation● Heat and humidity generators ● Cosmetic smoke generators● Safety systems (lights and ventilation)● IR and/or Thermal Imaging CCTV’s (viewing and

recording) All data captured by the control software can

be recorded and later recalled as necessary. Thiscan be important for de-briefing and/or incidentrelated purposes. It is also possible for remoteaccess to be provided for the Dräger team – thiscan be useful for on-line product support and/orfuture system upgrades.

Safety – RegulationsImportantly, each Dräger Training Gallery isdesigned in accordance with an internationallyrecognised European standard: DIN 14093 Sheet 1– Standard for training and detecting the stresslimit of breathing apparatus users. ● Design – the layout of the Dräger Safety Train-

ing Gallery is designed in such a way that itpermits free movement of the trainees andinstructors between levels with minimumlogistical difficulty whilst mimicking realisticoperational challenges.

● Remote Monitoring – in addition, Drägerutilise a combination of Infrared and ThermalImaging technology to provide visual and/orremote monitoring capabilities. These can besimultaneously recorded for later debriefingand/or data logging purposes

● Communication Equipment – each systemincorporates a public address capability and can be designed to integrate with modernSCBA comm’s tool such as the Dräger FPS7000-COM. This second level of communica-tion further compliments the visual systems asdetailed above“Striking the balance between safety and real-

ism is the starting point for our engineers. Oncethe clients training needs are understood it is thenour job to develop an engineered solution which iscompliant with the European standard.” statedMat Lock, Regional Manager Asia Pacific, Dräger.“Of course we reach a point where budget alsobecomes a balancing factor but this just anotherconsideration for our design teams. As with FireTraining Simulators, these training galleries havean important interface with the building or civilworks. This is another key area where Dräger’sAsia Pacific based teams can better support theclient”.

TrainingAnother unique offering from the Dräger team isthat of training. Whether it is ‘student training’ or‘train the trainer’ Dräger has a solution. DrägerAustralia is a Registered Training Organisation(RTO) and has a wide selection of coursesavailable. From Workplace Safety Training to PPEuser/servicing training – Dräger can provide asolution.

Dräger is able to deliver individual componentsof these training galleries or can offer a full consul-tation programme. These systems reflect a modernand professional engineered solution to the currentregulatory demands of the fire fighting arenas. APF


RESPIRATORY PROTECTION TRAINING SYSTEMSSCBA TRAINING

For more information or torequest a consultation pleasecontact Dräger Safety on thebelow details:Mat LockDräger Safety Asia Pte LtdSingapore Email:[email protected]



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SLIDING DRAWERS

But although it is an inherently dangerous job,what is not so well appreciated is the mun-dane fact that 70% of reportable injuries to

firemen arise as a result of the mundane-soundingactivities such as lifting or carrying, or slipping. Toget into these statistics, an accident usually has tobe serious, so one can only imagine whatadditional plethora of minor scratches and bruisesand pinched fingers may occur every year asfirefighters go about their daily business.

Analysing all the causes of these injuries is alifetime’s work – in some cases maybe the firemanshould have just been more careful, but in manyothers it may genuinely be the case that every day

equipment is badly designed or laid out, and nosingle piece of equipment is more important thanthe fire truck. It is the means of transporting thefire fighter and all of his or her equipment to thefire scene, and once there the firefighter needs tobe able access the life saving tools of the tradewithout being injured in the process.

Surprisingly the safety inherently designed intofire trucks and their locker compartments can varyenormously form territory to territory. Increasinglya lot of attention is now being given to improvingthe locker designs, both to reduce the risk of injury and to increase operational effectiveness,and much of this is to do with the choice of

By Alec Don

GSF Slides Limited [email protected]

Safer by DesignWe all hope that we shall never have to call out the fire brigade to save our livesand property, and it is perhaps only when we do that we can really appreciatethe bravery of our firefighters as they enter the building we may have just beenglad to escape.

P. 63-65 Sliding Door 11/9/08 11:45 AM Page 63

components. For example drawer carrying toomuch weight relative to the strength or specifica-tion of the drawer components can pose anumber of injury risks:● The drawer opens with excessive momentum

and, because the ballbearing slide carrying thedrawer is the wrong type, the drawer smashesthrough the end stops causing serious injury tothe operator

● The slide mechanism simply breaks, forexample as the load (eg a portable pump) isdropped back onto the drawer, again with therisk of serious injury to the operator

● Even if there is no risk of the drawer and itsslide mechanism failing, an overloaded drawerslide can require too much force to open orclose, and this may cause back injuries andother strains.

● It can also be the case that placing too muchequipment on one drawer can make a particu-lar piece of equipment hard to find and access.

The problem of overloading of drawers is ofcourse best addressed by very careful pre-planningby the fire department of exactly which pieces ofequipment go into which lockers and onto whichdrawers, and commensurately increasing thenumber of drawers to ensure that every piece ofequipment is rapidly and safely accessible. This hasthe added benefit that after attending a fireemergency, it is easy for the crew to put theequipment back on the vehicle and check thatnothing has been forgotten or lost.

The use of cold drawn steel (as opposed to coldrolled) with both principal and reinforcing bearingsenables fire truck builders to standardise on astrong and cost effective slide component forwhatever drawer function is envisaged, based on

very high resistance to damage from shock andvibration, and end-stops and beam profiles that donot fail when exposed to arduous conditions overthe life of the vehicle.

By standardising on a stronger slide the vehiclebuilder can work with the fire departmentcustomer on a new or non-standard drawer designwith the certain knowledge that the componentswill be fully fit for purpose, reducing the engineer-ing time taken to tailor a compartment designwithout the usual costs of bespoke manufacture,as well as specifying components that match thelife of the vehicle.

Stronger and better slides are however only onepart of the picture. Inappropriate locking mecha-nism design will cause fire operators to put theirhands near moving components posing a substan-tial risk of pinching and other similar injuries. Ifsuch latches are also mounted at the edge of adrawer then the operator may not have bothhands in a position to control the movement of

the drawer – many drawers are located at headheight, and some of these latch designs are usedin conjunction with unguarded angle-iron increas-ing the risk of injury as well as the potentialseriousness of the injury.

These are all risks that can and should bedesigned out of the vehicle. Probably the safestdesign entails fitting the drawers with a doublefront drawer handle with a central unlockingplunger. The locking mechanism is designed tointeract with modular glass reinforced plastic slideand tilt mounting brackets, to deliver a number ofkey advantages in safe locker design:● The operator has good and positive control of

the movement of the drawer, with no risk ofdamage to fingers from loads inside the drawer


SLIDING DRAWERS

By standardising on a stronger slide the

vehicle builder can work with the fire

department customer on a new or non-

standard drawer design with the certain

knowledge that the components will be fully

fit for purpose, reducing the engineering time

taken to tailor a compartment design without

the usual costs of bespoke manufacture, as

well as specifying components that match

the life of the vehicle.


that could slide forward as the drawer isopened and tipped down.

● The handles are glove safe, and hands are keptwell away from moving components and pinchrisks.

● The drawer self locks as it is pushed closed.The use of these modular components to create

slide out drawers and slide out and tip downdrawers has been accompanied by the increasinguse of high quality positive lock and friction locktool mounts inside the drawers and storagecompartments. These enable tools and other vitalequipment to be held securely and remain undam-aged as the vehicle travels to the emergencyscene, and once there crews that have beentrained on the location of every tool on the vehiclecan swing quickly and efficiently into action.

Paul Beard, Fleet Manager at Avon Fire andrescue Service told us

“Over the past few years we have got muchmore involved in pre-planning the layout of thelockers on our fire trucks, and there have beenundoubted benefits for us both in terms of reduc-ing our injury rates, but also in terms of improvingour overall fire-fighting capability.

Our suppliers have done a fantastic job in termsof helping us to specify better and safer drawersystems”

Fire departments in other territories such as theUSA, India and South Africa are increasingly look-ing outside their home territories for good designideas and components wherever they may befound. Michael Wilbur of the New York FireDepartment and one of the USA’s leading trainerson safe vehicle driving techniques told us

“We have a lot of diversity in the physical sizeand strength of individual fire fighters, particularlywith growing numbers of females joining depart-ments, and we are currently commissioning someextensive studies on the challenges this sets us onthe design of equipment – simple issues like thestep heights on ladders and the height and weightof compartment drawers.

We are now having a close look at the range ofcomponents being used on our fire trucks com-pared to other territories such as the UK, and theapproach these components embody towardssafer better vehicle design.”

Better vehicle design will not eliminate allaccidents but the vehicle lockers and drawers arepossibly the most important point of interactionbetween fire fighter and vehicle. It unquestionablymakes sense for fire departments to put more timeinto pre-planning the layout of these compart-ments and to invest in better components toimprove vehicle and fire fighter performance andvehicle life.

The components – which include glassreinforced plastic slide and tilt brackets that areactually stronger than their steel forbears, colddrawn steel dual bearing reinforced telescopicslides, strong glove safe handles and lockingmechanisms and high strength positive lockingtool mounts – are all selected to deliver bettervehicle and operator safety and – ultimately – firefighting performance.

If that means that the fire fighter who bravelywalked into the building we just escaped also walksout again because he was able to get there just thatlittle bit sooner and with the right equipment, thenthat is unquestionably a good thing.

Thin and weak – cold-rolled-steel slidespose a danger

Slide failure can cause fatal injury. This slidedeformed and the end stops failed with the resultthat the heavily loaded drawer fell outwards.Switching to cold drawn steel reinforced slideslargely eliminates such risks.

Operator safety designed out

With no handle on the front of the drawer theOperator has to hold the drawer face with his orher fingers inside the drawer and therefore at riskfrom loose loads

The draw lock is located at the edge of thedrawer adjacent to the weak cold rolled slidingmechanism posing a significant pinch risk to theoperator. It also forces the hands into positionswhere they do not naturally have good positivecontrol of the drawer movement

Operator safety designed in

In this slide and tilt configuration the drawer isfitted with a strong double-hand front handle withpush button lock, giving the operator a glove safehandle, and excellent central hold with which tocontrol the movement of the drawer. In additionall the contents of the drawer will be securely heldin position against vehicle and drawer movementusing positive and friction-lock tool mounts. APF


SAFER BY DESIGNSLIDING DRAWERS


4

For more informations, please contact us :

Sperian Respiratory Protection FranceTel : +33 (0) 1 49 90 79 79

[email protected]

4

A NEW CONCEPT OF INNOVATION AND SAFETY FENZY X-PRO

Swivelling adjustment of the back plate,designed to follow all the movements of the top half of the back. Height adjustment device of the back plate, in 2 positions.

Multifunction monitoring deviceFenzy Angel II:- Digital display: Duration, Pressure,Temperature

- Several audible and visual alarms- Integrable telemetry system

Movable protective foot of the highpressure system: Gives an additionalsafety to avoid risks of deteriorationof the cylinder valve and reducer.

Telemetry system: Keep an eye on Firemenremotly, using a data live broadcast. Transmitter relay stations provide signal transmission between Fenzy Angel II devices and the monitoring station. Linked with a PC or a tablet, you are informed in real time of your firefighter's situation.

Sperian IFF19 p49 14/8/08 2:22 PM Page 1


TETRA COMMUNICATIONS

Although originally a European standard, TETRA has been adopted around the world. It is present in over 100 countries, serving

many sectors including public safety – fire, police,ambulance, highway patrol and coastguardservices, among others; transportation, utilities,government and military, commercial and industrialand oil and gas.

The TETRA air interfaces, network interfaces aswell as the services and facilities are specified insufficient detail to enable independent manufac-turers to develop infrastructure and radio terminal

products that interoperate with each other. TheTETRA Association developed the InteroperabilityCertification process and continues to manage itto enable a truly open multi-vendor market forTETRA equipment and systems. This multi-vendormarket gives concrete benefits both to the users interms of a wide portfolio of compatible equip-ment, fast development of new product modelsand competition; and to the industry in terms of awider accessible market, faster market take-upand increased opportunities to invest in newdevelopments.

By Phil Kidner

TETRA Association

TETRAprofessionalmobile radio – delivering speed, security andresilience for a growing global marketTETRA – Terrestrial Trunked Radio – is a digital trunked mobile radio standarddeveloped by ETSI, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute, tomeet the needs of Professional Mobile Radio (PMR) user organisations. TETRAprovides speed, security and resilience for users whose lives may depend onmission critical communications.

In-vehicle mobile dataterminal

P. 67-70 Tetra 11/9/08 11:45 AM Page 67

Increased competition and choiceThe ability for full interoperability between differentmanufacturers’ products is a distinct advan-tage advantage of the open standards developedby ETSI. The TETRA standard is supported by severalindependent manufacturers, and this increasescompetition, provides second source securityand allows a greater choice of terminal productsfor specific user applications.

By far the largest market is that of public safety,where the trend is for the deployment of nation-wide networks shared by all public safety organisa-tions. Not only is this economic, but mostimportantly it enables the public safety services tofully interoperate during emergency situations anddisasters.

The flagship event of the TETRA world is theTETRA World Congress. This year the Congresswas held in Hong Kong, the first time it has takenplace in Asia since TETRA became operational in 1997. In the 12 months to May 2008, the Asia-Pacific TETRA market has doubled, makingthe region the fastest-growing critical communica-tions market in the world.

The success and market uptake of TETRA hasalso created a strong base of application develop-ers who are able to provide a wide variety ofapplications for use with TETRA today. With theimplementation of TEDS, the TETRA EnhancedData System , on networks in early 2009, TETRAwill increasingly be utilised for secure datacommunications as well as voice.

Mission critical information on demand– Fighting fire with dataTETRA’s flexibility and open standards enables thenetworks to be leveraged to suit specific needs. InThe Netherlands, there is an ongoing project todeliver extensive incident data to fire crews beforethey reach the scene – enabling them to be asinformed and well-equipped as possible.


TETRA PROFESSIONAL MOBILE RADIOTETRA COMMUNICATIONS

Han Arends is ICT managerfor Dutch Fire Depart-ment of the Safety RegionIJsselland. From 2002 to2004 he was projectleader of the migration tothe C2000 TETRA net-work. In 2006/2007 Hanwas project leader of apilot project for theimplementation of mobiledata communications forthe Fire Services.

C2000 is a multi-agency network, and hasbeen in use since 2004, mainly for voicecommunication. Outdoor coverage is guar-

anteed, indoor coverage is not guaranteed. In Spe-cial Coverage Locations such as tunnels andshopping centres there are additional provisionsfor indoor coverage.

In the Netherlands there are 25 Safety Regions,and the Police, Fire Services and Ambulance ser-vices all use the C2000 network. In the IJssellandSafety Region there are about 2,500 users of theC2000 network and one call take and dispatchroom for all Public Safety Services with a commonsystem.

While the speed, resilience and security ofTETRA technology is essential to all the users, theFire Service has a particular need. The immediateavailability of information can mean the differencebetween life and death when the fire services arecalled to an incident.

For example, at a road traffic accident, if cutting

equipment is needed, the fire personnel need toknow the electric wiring map of the vehicle sothey know where it is safe to cut.

Fire and rescue services called to a burningbuilding need to know how many people are inthe building, their exit routes, any hazardousmaterials stored on site, and the location of firehydrants.

In 2007, a pilot project involving 12 fire vehicleswas instigated to evaluate the use of mobile com-puting. Essentially, the project team wanted toensure that the fire personnel are equipped withas much information as possible before arriving atan incident.

The basis of the project was this: When a 112emergency call is received, the control roomdispatch system, which is connected to geographicinformation system, automatically sends thelocation information (x/y coordinate) to the firevehicle. The in-vehicle navigation system startsautomatically and presents the relevant informa-tion to the crew, such as ground plans, firehydrant locations information about hazardousmaterials, electrical wiring circuits, and so on.

Deciding on the dataFirst, the project team identified the data relatedto the work process of the fire and rescue services.This included:● Incident data from the call-taking and dispatch

system such as incident● classification, location information and the

presence of/need for other units (police andambulance)

● Specific Public Safety navigation e.g. priority 1

A case study from The Netherlands

TETRA terminal for potentiallyexplosive environments

At the TETRA WorldCongress in Hong Kong inMay, Motorola launchedAsia’s first MTP850Ex ATEXintrinsically safe TETRA ter-minal, designed to providecomprehensive user safetyin potentially explosiveenvironments. SK Energyin Korea is the first cus-tomer in Asia to use theterminal.

The MTP850Ex iscertified under the ATEXand IECEx international

certification schemes for protection against themost explosive gas and dust clouds when usersare dealing with fire incidents and accidentswith fuel, gas and other explosive substances.

P. 67-70 Tetra 11/9/08 11:45 AM Page 68

The VFR2000, certifi cated according to the UNI EN 433 norms,

conforms to safety requirements greater than those required

by the law.

All the constituent componentsof the VFR2000 have been studied to permit the maximum protection

from blows and radiant heat combined with practicality

and comfort.

Available in different colours.The helmet is set up and

certifi cated to be used with the following optional accessories:

• Standard type devices to protect the breathing

• Devices to protect the neck and shoulders

• Illumination devices consisting of lamp and support

• Radio communication systems• Refracting bands

You can ask for detailled informative materials.

Adjustmentand quick release

buckle

SICOR SpA - 20016 Pero MI - Italy - Via Pisacane, 23/A - Tel. +39 02 3539041 - Fax +39 02 3539060

E-Mail [email protected] - www.vfr2000.info

Refl ecting screen

Housing for rapid releaseof mask 2 points

Outer shell in composite materials

Chinstrap

Technological evolutionwith levels of performance above

the European safety standardsRefractingbands

A4_VFR2000_Inglese.indd 1A4_VFR2000_Inglese.indd 1 10-02-2006 7:54:5710-02-2006 7:54:57

● Fire hydrant locations from the water company● Crash Recovery vehicle information from the

Central Registration Office● Hazardous materials● Architectural plans

This data forms the basis on which to build: inthe future more data will be added, such asstreaming video and telemetrical data

A distinction is made between dynamic andstatic data, and between mission-critical and non-mission-critical data. Mission-critical data isnecessary for approaching the incident and for thesafety of fire personnel and civilians. It couldinclude Incident/object data and information onhazardous materials.

Data management nowAt present, the fire and rescue plan is a PDF docu-ment showing all relevant data, maps and photos.The first phase in the project is to store the mapsand data in the vehicle terminal.

The system in the vehicle is based on ageographic information system called CITYNAV.

The data stored in the vehicle terminal includesnavigation information, information abouthazardous materials, architectural plans, CrashRecovery System (for rescuing victims from crashedvehicles safely) and fire protection information.

The data is administered on a central system inthe fire station and synchronized by a wi-finetwork. Information management is veryimportant. The control centre provides incidentinformation such as location data and a descrip-tion of the incident. There is only communicationof dynamic data from the control centre to thevehicle. This is mission-critical information, carriedover the C2000 TETRA network.

Data management in the futureIn the future, the project aims to achieve highlyreliable data, a higher level of security and lessdata management. The mobile data terminals inthe fire vehicles will not store data so there will beno local data management needed. This alsoreduces problems if the mobile data terminals are

stolen. The only exception is the digital maps –these are stored locally because they have to beupdated once or twice a year. Accessing datadirectly from the source ensures high qualityinformation as the data management is theresponsibility of the data owner, such as the localgovernment or water company.

This future fire and rescue plan is no longer astatic PDF document but will be built ‘on demand’with data obtained directly from the sources. Userscan click on the icons on the map to get additionaldata.

The data connection has to be reliable, rapid,and must have enough bandwidth. Authentic datasources with basic information about buildings willbe available in The Netherlands in about three tofive years. The expectation is that broadbandmobile networks will also be available in thisperiod.

In the future, a hybrid network will be used: thecombination of TETRA system (for all missioncritical communications) and a public or privatecomplementary network such as GPRS or UMTS.The communication is two-way: AVLS and mobilemessaging.

The Dutch Fire Services have utilised the C2000network to provide mobile data applications,achieving a high degree of reliability required for asystem based on centrally stored data.

With a gateway incorporated into the controlcentre to automatically transfer location andincident information to the fire vehicles, and theTETRA system complemented with public net-works such as GPRS and UMTS, the Dutch FireServices have also developed a vision for datamanagement in the future.

The first experiences are positive. It is veryimportant that the use of mobile terminals isimplemented in the work processes and that theinformation is reliable. ‘First work processes, thentechnical solutions’. As noted earlier, informationmanagement is also very important. The RegionalFire Services in IJsselland will provide all their first-response vehicles with mobile data terminals by2010. APF


Fig 1. Future dynamicfire and rescue plan

TETRA PROFESSIONAL MOBILE RADIOTETRA COMMUNICATIONS

The TETRA AssociationThe TETRA MoU(Memorandum ofUnderstanding), now knownas the TETRA Association,was established in December1994 to create a forum whichcould act on behalf of allinterested parties,representing users,manufacturers, applicationproviders, integrators,operators, test houses andtelecom agencies. Today theTETRA Association representsmore than 150 organisationsfrom all continents of theworld.

The TETRA Associationprovides a forum for all thoseinterested in TETRA toencourage adoption of thestandard, and supportsinitiatives to obtainappropriate levels ofspectrum such that growth inoperational TETRA systems isnot restricted by regulation.For more information please visit www.tetra-association.com

P. 67-70 Tetra 11/9/08 11:46 AM Page 70


Rescue Tools

LANCIER Hydraulik’s new Hose Concept

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668 mm317 mm

ONYX FirstVisionTM is a revolutionarywayfinding touch screen for firefightersonly from NOTIFIER.

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NOTIFIER • www.notifier.comLeaders in Life. Safety. Technology.

P. 71 ads 11/9/08 11:46 AM Page 71

AMKUS INCAUSTRALIA

DRAEGER PACIFIC Contact: Jeff WhiteTel: 61-3-9265-5000 Fax: 61-3-9265-5097 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

CHINA

KINGDAN Contact: Gary WanTel: 852-2385-0199 Fax: 852-2388-5131 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

SAFETECH LTD Contact: Andy ChanTel: 852-2687-4038 Fax: 852-2687-2784 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

DELIS TOOLS LTDContact: Paul DelisTel: 64-3-327-4103 Fax: 64-3-327-7676 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

MEDTRADE LTD Contact: Reymond PobleteTel: 63-45-888-2131 Fax: 63-45-893-0818 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE, BRUNEI

S.K. FIRE PTE LTD8 Tuas Drive 2, Singapore 638642Contact: Mr. Tony LimTel: (65) 6862-3155 Fax: (65) 6862-0273Email: [email protected]/Distributor

TAIWAN

SUPER PREMIUM CO Contact: Will. HungTel: 886-2-8226-5855 Fax: 886-2-8226-5856 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

THAILAND

CAMPING EQUIPMENT Contact: Yod WatanaTel: 66-2-377-0379Fax: 66-2-374-4108 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

PACIFIC TOOL GROUP Contact: Dirk BloxhamTel: 66-2-886-7556Fax: 66-2-886-7585 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

VIETNAM

RIVERIA MARKETING PTE LTDRoom 12, 6/F Giayviet Plaza180-182 Ly Chinh Thang, Dist. 3Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamContact: Mr. Ben Bay Tel: (84)-8290-5092Fax: (84)-8290-5094Email: [email protected]/Distributor

ANSULINCORPORATEDSINGAPORE

ANSUL INCORPORATED2 Serangoon North Avenue 5#07-01 Fu Yu BuildingSingapore 554911SingaporeContact: Derek AddisonMobile: +66 81 813 4601Fax: +65 6481 8719Email: [email protected] Office

SKUM2 Serangoon North Avenue 5#07-01 Fu Yu BuildingSingapore 554911SingaporeContact: Derek AddisonMobile: +66 81 813 4601Fax: +65 6481 8719Email: [email protected] Office

BAUERCOMPRESSORSBANGLADESH

SS MOTORS LTDTMC Building3rd Floor, 52 New Eskaton RoadDhaka 1000, BangladeshContact: H.R. KhanTel: 880 2 9340991/2Fax: 88029337124Email: [email protected]/Distributor

BRUNEI

BAUER COMPRESSORS ASIA PTE LTD2 Alexandra Road#01-03A Delta HouseSingapore 159919Contact: Stephen HinesTel: +65 6271 6271Fax: +65 6272 3345Email: [email protected] Office

FRENCH POLYNESIA

TAHITI SPORTPO Box 62, 98713 Papeete,Tahiti, French PolynesiaContact: Thierry AlberolaTel: +689 505959Fax: +689 421775Email: [email protected]/Distributor

INDIA

ALLIED SOLUTIONS (I) PVT LTD313/314 Raikar ChambersJain Mandir Road, Govandi (East)Mumbai 400 088IndiaContact: Ramesh Parasuraman Tel: +91 (22) 6797 8056Fax: +91 22 2557 6234Email: [email protected]/Distributor

MOUNT EVEREST ENGINEERINGCOMPANYA-103 Gokul Arcade Sahar RoadVile Parle (East)Mumbai 400 057IndiaContact: Pramod GuptaContact: Hemant GuptaTel: +91 (22) 2 820 2558Fax: +91 (22) 2 820 5792Email: [email protected]/Distributor

INDONESIA

MARINE & INDUSTRIALCOMPRESSORS304 Thomson RoadSingapore 307654Contact: Mr SngTel: +65 6250 6018Fax: +65 6253 8443Email: [email protected]/Distributor

KOREA

TECKO CO LTDS.K. Technopark Mega Ctr Rm 201/202190-1 Sangdeawon-DongJungwon-GuSungnam CityKyungkido 462 705KoreaContact: K Y LeeTel: +82 0 31 776 6442Fax: +82 0 31 776 2444Email: [email protected]/Distributor

MALAYSIA

SK CRYOGENICS SDN BHDNo 5, Jalan TP 7/6 Sime U.E.P. Industrial Park Section 2640400 Shah AlamSelangor, MalaysiaContact: Steve KellettTel: +60 3 5192 4269/70Fax: +60 3 5192 4235Email: [email protected]/Distributor

PAKISTAN

ALPINE INDUSTRIALCON (PVT) LTD305/2 G.T. RoadBaghbanpuraLahorePakistanContact: Kashif AhmadTel: +92 42 685 2313Fax: +92 42 655 3674Email: [email protected]/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

CEBU ERNBRI IMPORT, INC/AQUAVENTURE WHITETIP DIVESUPPLYErmita Office: Unit 101 Joncor II Bldg.#1362 A. Mabini StreetErmita Manila Philippines 1000PhilippinesContact: Brian L GilesTel: +632 521 0433Fax: +632 522 1165Email: [email protected]/Distributor


Distributor and Representative Offices

P. 72-79 Dealer/Distrib Sept. 15/9/08 10:37 AM Page 72

SINGAPORE

BAUER COMPRESSORS ASIA PTE LTD2 Alexandra Road#01-03A Delta House, Singapore 159919Contact: Stephen HinesTel: +65 6271 6271Fax: +65 6272 3345Email: [email protected] Office

MARINE & INDUSTRIALCOMPRESSORS304 Thomson Road, Singapore 307654Contact: Mr SngTel: +65 6250 6018Fax: +65 6253 8443Email: [email protected]/Distributor

TAIWAN

MING SHEN ENTERPRISE CO LTD5, PaShih 1 StreetDanShui Town, TaipeiTaiwan 25170, TaiwanContact: Tom TsengTel: +886 (2) 2809 5789Fax: +886 (2) 2809 6189Email: [email protected]/Distributor

THAILAND

INTERSOL ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY PTE LTD7/288 Moo 6,Chaengwattana RoadBhanmai, PakkredNonthaburi 11120, ThailandContact: Mr. NathananTel: +66 2 9808754Fax: +66 2 9808756Email: [email protected]/Distributor

VIETNAM

FRANCO-PACIFIC VIETNAM CO LTD55 Ho Hao Hon StreetDistrict 1Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamContact: Colm MinogueTel: +84 8 836 0257Fax: +84 8 836 1387Email: [email protected]/Distributor

MEKONG SCUBA SUPPLY LTD2/14 Cao Thang StreetDistrict 3Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamMr Mike DoyleTel: 848 832 8952Fax: 848 832 8650Email: [email protected]/Distributor

BRISTOL UNIFORMSAUSTRALIA

PACIFIC HELMETS AUSTRALIA PTY LTD Abn 60 088 233 783 Unit 1/28 Burnside Road Hallmarc Business Park Yatala Qld 4207 Contact: Keith Ward Tel: 1300 73 1800 Fax: 07 3441 7177 Email: [email protected] Website: www.pacifichelmetsaust.comDealer/Distributor

BANGLADESH

MANIK BROTHERSHai Mansion (3rd Floor)9/3 Motijheel Circular RoadDhaka – 1000BangladeshContact: Mr A K BhowmickTel: +880 2 7100 589Fax: +880 2 7100 386Email: [email protected]/Distributor

BRUNEI

DASAPREM (M) SDN BHD10 & 12 Jalan Muara 8/940000 Shah AlamSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysiaContact: Mr Prem R MurthyTel: +603 550 9060Fax: +603 550 4486Email: [email protected]: www.dasaprem.comDealer/Distributor

CHINA

SHENZHEN RUFN INDUSTRIAL CO LTDRM-701 7/F Leaser Tower1st Fuhua RdShenzhen, ChinaContact: Amy JinTel: +86 755 8399 9581Fax: +86 755 8399 9548Email: [email protected]/Distributor

FIJI

PHILLIPS & SMITH LIMITED10 Akatea RoadGlendeneAucklandNew ZealandContact: Mr S HamptonTel: +649 818 8048Fax: +649 818 4484Email: [email protected]: www.firemaster.co.nzDealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

CHUBB HONG KONG LIMITED3 Hok Yuen Street EastHung HomKowloonHong KongContact: Mr Simon TsangTel: +852 2746 9628Fax: +852 2785 0849Email: simonsft.chubb.com.hkWebsite: www.chubb.com.hkDealer/Distributor

INDIA

FOREMOST MARKETING PVT LTDM-1 Green Park ExtnNew Delhi 110016IndiaContact: Mr Vinay KhannaTel: +91 11 261 969 82Fax: +91 11 261 669 61Email: [email protected]: www.foremostsafety.comDealer/Distributor

JAPAN

ABLE-YAMAUCHI CO LTDYokohama Nishiguchi SIA Building10-36 Kitasaiwai 2-Chome Nishi-KuYokohama 220-0004Japan Contact: S. Yamauchi Tel: +81 45 312 1130Fax: +81 45 312 1350Email: [email protected]: www.able.yamauchi.co.jpDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

DASAPREM (M) SDN BHD10 & 12 Jalan Muara 8/940000 Shah AlamSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysiaContact: Mr Prem R MurthyTel: +603 550 9060Fax: +603 550 4486Email: [email protected]: www.dasaprem.comDealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

PHILLIPS & SMITH LIMITED10 Akatea RoadGlendene AucklandNew ZealandContact: Mr S HamptonTel: +649 818 8048Fax: +649 818 4484Email: [email protected]: www.firemaster.co.nzDealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

YEN LEE FIREWELD PTE LIMITED18 Penhas Road208182, SingaporeContact: Mr. J. ChuaTel: +65 62909890Fax: +65 62961444Email: [email protected]: www.fireweld.com.sgDealer/Distributor

SRI LANKA

FIRETECH (PRIVATE) LIMITED34 Walter Gunesekara MawathaNawalaSri Lanka Contact: Leon DanielsTel: +94 11 4410588Fax: +94 11 2806666Email: [email protected]/Distributor

TAIWAN

SHENG-TAI FIRE PROTECTIONINDUSTRIAL CO LTDNo 222-2 Sec2Cheng Tai RdWu-Ku ShiangTaipei, Hsien, TaiwanContact: Liu Yuan HungTel: +886 22292 1751Fax: +886 22291 1984Email: [email protected]: www.shengtai.com.twDealer/Distributor


DISTRIBUTOR AND REPRESENTATIVE OFFICES


VIETNAM

TRAN VU TRADING CO LTD 61 Ban Co StreetDistrict 3Hochiminh CityViet Nam Contact: Tran Vu HongTel: +84 88325101Fax: +84 88309586Email: [email protected]: www.tranvufire.comDealer/Distributor

BW TECHNOLOGIESBY HONEYWELLCHINA

BW TECHNOLOGIES BEIJING – SALES Room 102No.1 BuildingWanliu Yishuiyuan Wanliu Dong Road Haidian District Beijing 100089 P.R. China Tel/Fax: +86-10-8256-4525 Representative Office

BW TECHNOLOGIESHenry ZhangRegional Sales Manager – South China Region Tel: +86-20-8759-0352Fax: +86-20-8751-7303 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

BW TECHNOLOGIESKai ZhaoRegional Sales Manager – Northeast China Region Tel: +86-10-5857-0527Fax: +86-10-5857-0187 Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

BW TECHNOLOGIESVictor WongRegional Sales Manager – Hong KongChinaTaiwan & Korea Tel: +852-2974-1783Fax: +852-2974-1704 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

HONG KONG

BW TECHNOLOGIES HONGKONG/TAIWAN – SALES Flat 26/F, Block CY.Y. Mansion 96 Pokfulam RoadHong Kong Representative Office

FIJI

LARRY LAUFlat C28/F, Tower 1Granville Garden18 Pik Tin Street, Shatin N.T.Hong KongDealer/Distributor

INDONESIA

SUADI SAPTA PUTRA – JL Lumbu Timur 1 Blok VI no. 149Rt 005/31Bumi Bekasi Baru IIBekasi Timur 17116Dealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

BW TECHNOLOGIESChin Soo LongRegional Sales Manager – S.E. Asia Tel: 65-6748-4915Fax: 65-6465-4151 Email: [email protected] Representative Office

BW TECHNOLOGIES S.E. ASIA– SALES 12 Tannery Road#08-02 HB Centre Singapore 347722 Representative Office

CHEMETRON CHINA

CHUBB CHINA1/F Guard Force Centre3 Hok Yuen Street EastHunghomKowloonHong KongTel: +852-27469754Dealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

CHUBB HONG KONG1/F, Guard Force Centre3 Hok Yuen Street EastHunghomKowloonsHong KongTel: +852-27469754Dealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

YU-IL#168 Samsung-Dong Samsung Bldg Rm 401 Gangnam-GuSeoulKoreaTel: +011-82-2-565-7121 Dealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

PALMER ASIA INC33 Edsa Bangkal1233 MetroManilaPhilippines Tel: +632-7517771 Dealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

SEALAND RESOURCESBlock 30 Kallang Place#06-21 To 24 KallangKallang Basin Industrial EstSingaporeTel: +65-62968180 Dealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

CHENG AN FIREGUARD IND9/F No. 97 Sec. 2Nan-Kang Road, TaipeiTaiwanTel: +011-8862-2788222Dealer/Distributor

DRAEGER SAFETYAUSTRALIA

DRAEGER SAFETY PACIFIC PTE LTDAxxess Corporate ParkUnit 99, 45 Gilby RoadMount Waverley Victoria 3149 Tel: +61 3 9265 5000Fax: +61 3 9265 5095Email: [email protected] Office

CHINA

BEIJING FORTUNE DRAEGER SAFETYEQUIPMENT CO LTDYu An Lu 22B AreaBeijing Tianzhu Airport Industrial ZoneShunyi DistrictBeijing, 101300Tel: +86 10 8049 8000Fax: +86 10 8049 8005Email: [email protected] Office

INDIA

JOSEPH LESLIE DRAEGER MFG PVT LTDLeslico HouseDadar (W)Mumbai – 400 028, IndiaContact: Prof. V.S Agashe MargTel: +91 22 2422 7587/1880Fax: +91 22 2430 3705Email: [email protected] Office

INDONESIA

PT DRAEGERINDO JAYAJl. Pangeran Antasari No. 67Cilandak Barat Unit L, JakartaSelatan 12430Tel: +6221 751 3289Fax: +6221 751 2052Email: [email protected] Office

JAPAN

DRAEGER SAFETY JAPAN LTD3-8-1 TokyoKoto-kuTokyo 135 0016Tel: +81 3 44 615111Fax: +81 3 44 615100Email: [email protected] Office

KOREA

DRAEGER SAFETY ASIADaejong Bld. #1106Bang-I-dongSongpa guSeoulKoreaTel: +82 2 6415 8222Fax: +82 2 6415 8223Email: [email protected] Office




MALAYSIA

DRAEGER SAFETY ASIA PTE LTD14 Jalan PJS 11/18Sunway Technology Park46150 Petaling, Jaya, SelangorTel: +60 3 5635 6460Fax: +60 3 5635 4171Email: [email protected] Office

NEW ZEALAND

DRAEGER SAFETY PACIFIC PTE LTDUnit ONo. 150, Harris RoadEast Tamaki, AucklandTel: +649 273 3160Fax: +649 273 3159Email: [email protected] Office

SINGAPORE

DRAEGER SAFETY ASIA PTE LTD67 Ayer Rajah Crescent #06-03Singapore 139950Tel: +65 6872 9281Fax: +65 6773 2033Email: [email protected]: www.draeger.com.sgRegional Head Office

TAIWAN

DRAEGER SAFETY TAIWAN CO LTD12/F, Kuohwa Building868-5 Chungcheng RdChungho City, Taipei county 235Tel: +886 (02) 2223-6388Fax: +886 (02) 2223-2258Email: [email protected] Office

THAILAND

DRAEGER SAFETY (THAILAND) LTD123/20Nonsi RoadKwaeng Chongnonsi, Khet YannawaBangkok 10120Tel: +662 6811 781 (4 lines)Fax: +662 6811 780Email: [email protected] Office

VIETNAM

DRAEGER SAFETY ASIA PTE LTD No.5, A2 Nguyen Khanh Toan Str. Cau Giay DistrictHanoi, Vietnam Tel : +84 4 281 3463 Fax :+84 4 281 3461 Representative Office

FIKEAUSTRALIA

FIRE PROTECTION TECHNOLOGIESPTY LTDUnit 1442-44 Garden BlvdDingley, Victoria 3712AustraliaTel: +61 3 9558 0715Fax: +61 3 9558 0725Email: [email protected]: www.fire-protection.com.auDealer/Distributor

BANGLADESH

NAVANA INTERLINKS LTD205-207 Tejgaon I/A Dhaka-1208BangladeshTel: +88 02 -9892911Fax: +88 02 -9895252Email: [email protected]/Distributor

HONG KONG

THE JARDINE ENGINEERINGCORPORATION LTD13/F Somerset HouseTaikoo Place979 King’s RoadHong KongTel: +852 2807 4562Fax: +852 2503 4210Email: [email protected]: www.jec.comDealer/Distributor

INDIA

NEWAGE INDUSTRIESChampaklal Ugyog BhavanUnit No. 7Sion (East)Mumbai 100 022IndiaTel: +91 22 2407 7421Fax: +91 22 2407 4229Email: [email protected]: www.newage-india.comDealer/Distributor

INDONESIA

KARYA LESTARI MAKMUR PTJl. Pangeran Jayakarta85AKJakarta 10730IndonesiaTel: +62 21 628 1933Fax: +62 21 628 1976Email: [email protected]/Distributor

KOREA

PARADISE INDUSTRY CO LTD#683-116 Hannam-DongYongsan-KuSeoulSouth KoreaTel: +82 2 3780 8770Fax: +82 2 3780 8772Email: [email protected]: www.paradise-ind.co.krDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

FIKE ASIA PACIFIC SDN BHD18B Jalan Astaka L U8/LBukit Jelutong40150 Shah AlamSelangorMalaysiaTel: +60 3 7859 1462Fax: +60 3 7859 1461Email: [email protected]: www.fike.comRepresentative Office

SUKIADA ENGINEERING SDN BHDNo. 20 Jalan Astaka L U8/LBukit Jelutong40150 Shah AlamSelangorMalaysiaTel: +60 3 7845 2008Fax: +60 3 7845 6008Email: [email protected]: www.sukiada.com.myDealer/Distributor

PAKISTAN

MGH ENGINEERING AND CONTROLPVT LTD H. # 20 St. #5/A Kot ShahabdinShahdrahLahore 54950, Pakistan Tel: +92 42 7913064 Fax: +92 42 7913064 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mgheng.com Dealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

FIRE SOLUTIONS INCRoom 401 CBT Condominium60 West AvenueQuezon City 1104PhilippinesTel: +63 2 371 9774Fax: +63 2 374 3041Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SINGAPORE

FICON PTE LTD11, Toh Guan Road East# 05-01Singapore 608603Tel: +65 6895 8820Fax: +65 6425 5972Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SRI LANKA

BUILDING SERVICES (M&E) ENGINEERINTERNATIONAL PVT LTD122 Dawson StreetColombo-02, Sri LankaTel: +94 11 471 7500Fax: +94 11 245 4653Email: [email protected]/Distributor

TAIWAN

SUNMORN INC7F.-2, 76Nan Jing W. RoadTaipei 103, TaiwanTel: +886 2 2550 3500Fax: +886 2 2550 5350Email: [email protected]: www.sunmoreinc.comDealer/Distributor

THAILAND

ANTI-FIRE CO LTD316-316/1 Sukhumvit 22 RoadKlongtoeyBangkok 10110ThailandTel: +66 2 260 4565 9Fax: +66 2 258 2422Email: [email protected]: www.antifire.comDealer/Distributor




HOLMATRO RESCUE EQUIPMENTAUSTRALIA

CHUBB FIRE SAFETY LTD120, Silverwater RoadSilverwater, NSW 2128Locked Bag 102Silverwater 1811Contact: Andrew LoftusTel: 1300 369 309Fax: 02 8748 7450Email: [email protected]: www.chubb.com.auDealer/Distributor

CHINA

HOLMATRO CHINAUnit 14/D – 9 Joy Tower9 Zhen Ning Road Shanghai 200050, P. R. China Contact: Floris EversTel: +86 21 5238 7330Fax: +86 21 5238 7320Email: [email protected]: www.holmatro-china.comRepresentative Office

HONG KONG

ABLESLINK CO LTDUnit B4, 2/F., Block BSheung Shui Plaza3 Ka Fu CloseSheung Shui, N.T.Hong KongContact: Mr. Randy HauTel: +852-2466 4568Fax: +852-2466 4569Email: [email protected]/Distributor

INDONESIA

PT ESA KARYA MANDIRIjl.Sunter ParadiseTimur Raya, F21 No.C42 Jakarta 14350Contact: Ir.Benny N LiemTel: 062-21-6412936/65303502Fax: 062-21-6412937Email: [email protected]/Distributor

JAPAN

AKAO & CO LTD4-13-1 Shinmachi Nishi-ku Osaka, Japan 550-0013Contact: Masaya SagaTel: +81-6-6532-6256Fax: +81-6-6532-3095Email: [email protected]: www.akao-co-co.jpDealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

KEO WHA HITEC CO LTDRm-1Fl, Jiwoo Bldg376-12, Seogyo-dongMapo-gu, Seoul, KoreaContact: Mr. Kenneth ZyungTel: 82-(02)-336-0145-7Fax: 82-(02)-336-0180Email: [email protected]: www.kh-hitec.comDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

PANDAN NIAGA SDN BHDNo. 81AJalan Tabla 33/21 Shah Alam Technology Park Section 3340400 Shah AlamSelangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaContact: Mohd Rashdi Abd RahmanTel: +603 5122 1310Fax: +603 5122 1279Email: [email protected]/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

CHUBB FIRE & SAFETY3 Fisher Crescent Mt Wellington, AucklandContact: Steve KirkTel: +64 9 270 7441Fax: +64 9 270 7235Email: [email protected]: www.chubb.co.nzDealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

WALLGREEN INDUSTRIAL VENTURESCORP62 West AvenueQuezon City, Philippines 1104Contact: Francisco C. DizonTel: +6 32 411 0818 Mobile: +6 32 0917 820 1947Fax: +6 32 411 0818Email: [email protected]/Distributor

TAIWAN

PARKSON TRADING CO LTD10F, No. 32Wen-Jung Road, Guo-Shan Dist.Kaohsiung City80464 Taiwan, R.O.C.Contact: Mr. Johnson PengTel: +886-7-552-1650Fax: +886-7-552-7999Email: [email protected]/Distributor

PACIFIC HELMETSAUSTRALIA

PACIFIC HELMETS AUSTRALIA PTY LTD1/28 Burnside Road Hallmarc Business Park, Yatala QueenslandPO Box 356 Ormeau QLD 4208AustraliaContact: Mr Keith WardTel: +617 1300 73 1800Fax: +617 3441 7177Email: [email protected]: www.pacifichelmetsaust.comDealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

CENTURION FIRERoom A13th Floor, 998 Canton RoadMongkok, KowloonHong KongContact: Mr Johnny YuenTel: +852 2332 7071+852 2332 9570Fax: +852 2332 6145Email: [email protected]: www.centurionfire.com.hkDealer/Distributor

INDIA

JYOTECH ENGINEERING &MARKETING CONSULTANTSH-49 AKalkajiNew Delhi 110019India Contact: Chandan BhatiaTel: +91 11 2647 3973Fax: +91 11 2648 2189Email: [email protected]: www.jyotech.comDealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

PACIFIC HELMETS (NZ) LTD315 Heads RoadWanganui 4501PO Box 866Wanganui 4540New ZealandContact: Grant BennettTel: +64 6 344 5019Fax: +64 6 344 5376Email: [email protected]: www.pacifichelmets.comManufacturer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

S.K. FIRE8 Tuas Drive 2Singapore 638643Contact: Amanda LuiTel: +65 6862 3155Fax: +65 6862 0273Email: [email protected]: www.skfire.comDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

SHUANYI INDUSTRY CO LTD7F-4, No 215Sec 2Cheng Teh RoadTaipeiTaiwanContact: Ming-Yang ChangTel: +886 2 2557 1429Fax: +886 2 2557 9708Email: [email protected]/Distributor

PBI PERFORMANCEPRODUCTSAUSTRALIA

ELLIOTT AUSTRALIA PTY LTD PO Box 509 23 Vauxhaul Street VirginiaQLD 4014 Tel: (617) 3265 2944 Fax: (617) 3265 2903 Website: www.elliottaustralia.com

LION APPAREL ASIA PACIFIC Unit 1315 Dunstan RoadWingfield South Australia 5013Australia Tel: +61 8 8139 7777 Fax: +61 3 8139 7788 Email: [email protected] Website: www.lionapparel.com Representative Office




MELBA INDUSTRIES PO Box 466, Thomastown VIC 3074, Australia Tel: +61 3 9474 3072 Fax: +61 3 9464 4114 Email: [email protected] Website: www.melbaind.com.au Dealer/Distributor

PACIFIC HELMETS (AUSTRALIA) –BRISTOLUnit 1, 28 Burnside RoadHallmarc Business Park, Yatala, QLD 4207(PO Box 356 Ormeau, QLD 4208)Contact: Keith WardTel: 1300 73 1800 (in Australia)(61) 7 3441 7100Email: [email protected]/Distributor

STEWART & HEATON CLOTHING COPTY LTD 150 Francisco Street, Belmont, WA 6104AustraliaTel: +61 8 9277 5555Fax: +61 8 9277 5455 Email: [email protected] Website: www.shcc.com.au Dealer/Distributor

CHINA

WAH TAI ENTERPRISES LTD PO Box No. 10303, General Post OfficeHong Kong, ChinaContact: Johnny HoTel: (852) 2771 6360 Work 02808-1172 Home Fax: 852-2782-0718Email: [email protected]: www.wtyf.comDealer/Distributor

SECURITON AGASIA PACIFIC

SECURITON (M) SDN BHDNo. 19A, Lorong Rahim Kajai 13Taman Tun Dr. IsmailMY-60000 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaContact: Mr Lewis ChongTel: +60 3 7725 1699Fax: +60 3 7725 1677Email: [email protected]: www.securiton.euRepresentative Office

AUSTRALIA

AUSTRALIAN FIRE ENTERPRISES (AFE)P.O Box 7027, Mannering ParkNSW 2259, AustraliaContact: Mr Mike Donegan/Mr Brett GordanTel: 61 2 43 592 244Fax: 61 2 43 593 301Email: [email protected]/Distributor

CHINA

BEIJING RUIHENGDA SCIENCE &TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT LTDB106, Hua Zhan International ApartmentNo, 12 Yumin Road, Chao Yang DistrictBeijing 100029Contact: Mr Sun WeiTel: 86 10 8225 3488Fax: 86 10 8225 3237Email: [email protected]: www.fireprotec.netDealer/Distributor

BEIJING Z-N MECHANICAL &ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT CO LTD3#601, No 56 An Li Road Chaoyang District BeijingChina 100012Contact: Ms Sarah ZhangTel: 86 1337 160 3650Fax: 86 10 84804925Email: [email protected]/[email protected]/Distributor

SHANGHAI ZHENYE INDUSTRY CO LTDNo, 3 221Cao Bao L, Shanghai200233Contact: Mr Jack ShenTel: 86 21 6451 2922/2933Fax: 86 21 6451 9955Email: [email protected]: www.shzhenye.comDealer/Distributor

SHENZHEN YAOHUAJI CHINA CO LTDRM.F, 20th Floor Yong – Hui BuildingGuo-Qi BuildingShenzhenContact: Mr Raymond Ng/Ms ShiTel: +86 755 8212 9831 Fax: +86 755 8212 9909Email: [email protected]: www.ywk.com.hkDealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

YIU WAH (KOGARAH) CO LTDRoom 9019th FloorNo 113 Argyle StreetMongkokKowloonHong KongContact: Mr Raymond NgTel: +852 2781 1384 Fax: +852 2782 6652Email: [email protected]: www.ywk.com.hkDealer/Distributor

INDIA

HSE ENGINEERS PVT LTD2, Durgas Niwas1st FloorBhawani Tower Compound,Behind Bhawani Petrol PumpIIT PowaiMumbai 400076IndiaContact: Mrs Sapna PrajapatiTel: +91 22 2578 7014/7015Fax: +91 22 2578 7016Email: [email protected]: www.hseengineers.comDealer/Distributor

VIMAL FIRE CONTROLS PVT LTD19/20 Vardhaman ServiceIndustrial EstateL.B.S. Marg.IN-400083 Vikhroii (West) MumbaiIndiaContact: Mr Vijay Doshi/Mr Nalin DoshiTel: +91 22 2578 3335Fax: +91 22 2578 3338Email: [email protected]/[email protected]: www.vimalfire.comDealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

ROYAL INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGYCORPORATIONRoyal Building3rd Floor840-5 Yeoksam-DongKangnam-KuSeoulKoreaContact: Mr E. S. Kim/Mr J. K. ChungTel: +82 22 009 1800Fax: +82 2 567 8831Email: [email protected] /[email protected]: www.ritco.co.krDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

SYARIKAT LETRIK CHEN GUAN SDNBHD Lot 1178Jalan Subang 3, Taman Industry SgPenaga 47610 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Contact: Mr Choong Yew Lim Tel: +6 03 5634 4136 Fax: +6 03 5634 2349 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

FITTERS SDN BHDNo 1 Block CJalan Dataran SD1Dataran SDPJU 9Bandar Sri Damansara52200 Kuala LumpurContact: Dato Richard WongTel: +60 3 6276 7155Fax: +60 3 6175 2780Email: [email protected]/[email protected]: www.fittersgroup.comDealer/Distributor

PAKISTAN

EVERGREEN DEVELOPMENTCORPORATIONSuite # 5145th FloorClifton CentreBlock 5 KehkashanCliftonKarachi 75600, PakistanContact: Mr Munawar AfridiTel: 92 21 5873 448Fax: 92 21 5870 080Email: [email protected]: www.edcpl.comDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

ATLAS TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION22F, No 1 Bausheng RoadYunghe CityTaipeiTaiwan 234R.O.C.Contact: Mr David LiuTel: +886 2 223 20 556Fax: +886 2 223 16 657Email: [email protected]/[email protected]: www.atlasgroup.com.twDealer/Distributor




KGIC TECHNOLOGY CO LTD No. 49 Goang Shi RoadKaohsiungTaiwan R.O.C.Contact: Mr Franco LeeTel: +886 7 715 4285Fax: +886 7 715 4401Email: [email protected]: www.gictec.com.twDealer/Distributor

UNIVERSAL PATHS DEVELOPMENTCORPORATION (UPDC)9F-1, 306, Sec. 1NeiHu RoadTaipeiTaiwan R.O.C.Contact: Mr Terry Chung/Ms Ellie ChouTel: +886 2 8751 6055Fax: +886 2 8751 6053Email: [email protected]: www.updc.com.twDealer/Distributor

SOLBERGSCANDINAVIAN ASAUSTRALIA

SOLBERG ASIA PACIFIC PTY LTD PO Box 182 Kingswood NSW 2747Australia Contact: Ted SchaeferTechnical Manager Tel: 61 2 9673 5300 Email: [email protected] Website: www.solbergfoams.com Representative Office

MALAYSIA

RHINOSHIELD INDUSTRIES(M) SDNBHD H-0-5 Ground Floor Plaza DamasNo. 60 Jalan Sri Hartamas 1 Sri Hartamas50480 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Contact: C K LimGeneral manager Tel: +603 62033850 Fax: +603 62032245 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SPERIANRESPIRATORYPROTECTION FRANCEAUSTRALIA

SKILLPRO SERVICES PTY LTDUnit 1, 7 Gardens DriveWillawong Queensland 4110AustraliaContact: Mr Dale HowardDealer/Distributor

SPERIAN PROTECTION AUSTRALIAPTY LTDContact: Joy De GrootLogistics ManagerTel: + 61 3 9586 1503 Mobile: + 61 (0) 412 603 254 Fax: + 61 3 9588 0137Email: [email protected] Representative Office

P.R. CHINA

SAFETAK CO LTD702 Zhubang 2000 Chief Business CenterNo. 99 BalizhuangXiliChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100025, P.R.ChinaTel: 8610 85861122 Fax: 8610 85862399Dealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

ROTTER INTERNATIONAL LTD852 2751 7770Unit A, G/F6-8 Hung To RoadKwun Tong, KowloonHong KongContact: Jacky WongEmail: [email protected]/Distributor

INDIA

B L HEALTH & SAFETY PVT LTDB L House161 JGautam NagarNew Delhi 110 049 IndiaContact: Anil AggarwalManaging DirectorTel: +91 11 3255 7946 Fax: +91 11 4175 0525Mobile: +9198100 10965 Moblie Fax: +9198102 42202Email: [email protected] Website: www.blhealth.comDealer/Distributor

PAKISTAN

MERAJ LTD Plot No 11Sector 15 Korangi Industrial Area 00000 Karachi Pakistan Contact: Waqar Hussain Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

SUN RISE FIRE & SAFETY CO LTDRm2, 14FNo. 398Chishan 2nd Rd.Chanjin Dist.KaohsiungTaiwan 80143R.O.CTel: 886-7-281-5000 Fax: 886-7-282-4666 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

VIETNAM

TRANVU TRADING CO LTD61 Ban Co St.Dist.3Hochiminh cityVietnamContact: Tran Thi Hong PhuongHandphone (for foreign calls): + 84 909 86 86 87Tel: + 84 8 8 32 51 01Fax: + 84 8 8 30 95 86Email: [email protected]@hcm.vnn.vnWebsite: www.tranvufire.comDealer/Distributor

TASK FORCE TIPS INCAUSTRALIA

GAAM EMERGENCY PRODUCTS29 Temple Dr.PO Box 211 ThomastownVictoria 3074AustraliaTel: +61 3 9466 1244Fax: 61 3 9466 4743Email: [email protected]: www.gaam.com.auDealer/Distributor

CHINA

SHANGHAI JINDE INDUSTRYDEVELOPMENT CO LTDRoom 6101 Lane 50Xin Cun RoadShanghai, 200065ChinaTel: +86 21-360-50599Fax: +86 21-360-55599Email: [email protected]/Distributor

HONG KONG

ROTTER INTERNATIONAL LIMITEDUnit A G/F. Hung To Road6-8 Hung To RoadKowloonHong KongTel: 85227517770Fax: 85227562051Email: [email protected]/Distributor

INDIA

FOREMOST TECHNICO PVT LIMITEDM-1, Green Park ExtensionNew Delhi 110016IndiaTel: +91 (11) 2619 6997Fax: +91 (11) 2616 6961Dealer/Distributor

Mumbai Resi./Office: 803, 8th FloorBldg. No. 23 COpp., Jalvayu ViharHiranandani Gardens, PowaiMumbai – 400 076Email: [email protected]: www.tca.co.in

INDONESIA

PT PALMAS ENTRACOJl. Krekot 85Jakarta-PusatIndonesiaTel: +62 (21) 384 1681Fax: +62 (21) 380 2660Email: [email protected]/Distributor

JAPAN

YONE CORPORATION23, Nishinakaai-ChoNishinokyoNakagyo-KuKyoto 604JapanTel: +81 (7) 582-11185Fax: +81 (7) 580-12263Email: [email protected]: www.yone-co.co.jpDealer/Distributor




KOREA (SOUTH)

SHILLA FIRE CO LTD433-11 Non Hon-DongNam Dong-GuInchon City 405-300South KoreaTel: +82-02-3665 9011Fax: +82-02-3663 9113Email: [email protected]: www.firekorea.comDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

CME EDARAN SDN BHDLot 19, Jalan Delima 1/1Subang Hi-Tech industrial ParkBatu Tiga4000 Shah AlamSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysiaTel: +60 (3) 56331188Fax: +60 (3) 56343838Email: [email protected]/Distributor

PAKISTAN

FIRESTOP PVT LIMITED6/B, 1st FloorDinar ChambersP.O. Box # 5786 West Wharf RoadKarachi-74000 Pakistan Tel: 9221-2315675, 2313065 Fax: 9221-2310457, 5831015 Email: [email protected] Website: www.firestopaids.comDealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

ALLIANCE INDUSTRIAL SALESUnit 4 Finlandia Town Homes # 1700 Dian cor. Finlandia Street BrgySan Isidro1234 Makati City Philippines Tel: +63 21 7546 1749 Fax: +63 2 887 7173 Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SINGAPORE

S.K. FIRE PTE LTD8 Tuas Drive 2Singapore 638643SingaporeTel: +65 6862 3155Fax: +65 6862 0273Email: [email protected]: www.skfire.comDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

YONE CORPORATION23, Nishinakaai-ChoNishinokyoNakagyo-KuKyoto 604JapanTel: +81 (7) 582-11185Fax: +81 (7) 580-12263Email: [email protected]: www.yone-co.co.jpDealer/Distributor

THAILAND

ANTI-FIRE, CO LTD316-316/1 Sukhumvit 22 RdKlongtoey KlongtoeyBangkok10110 ThailandTel: 6622596898Fax: 6622582422Email: [email protected]: www.antifire.comDealer/Distributor

TRELLEBORGPROTECTIVEPRODUCTSAUSTRALIA

SAFETY EQUIPMENT AUSTRALIA PTYLTD Private Bag 1001Mona ValeNSW 2103AustraliaContact: William UlyateTel: (+61) 2 9910 7500Fax: (+61) 2 9979 5463Email: [email protected]: www.sea.com.auDealer/Distributor

CHINA

TRELLEBORG AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN(SHANGHAI) CO LTDSuite 1105Floor 11thSection AScience & Technology Building Shanghai Caohejing Hi-Tech Park900, Yishan Road.CN-Shanghai 200233Contact: Sally YuanTel: +86 21 5423 5999Fax: +86 21 5423 4380Email: [email protected]: www.trellchem.comRepresentative Office

INDIA

FRANCIS LESLIE & CO PVT LTD Eucharistic Congress Bldg 15 Convent StreetColabaMumbai – 400 001IndiaContact: Heathcliff VazTel: (+91) 22 22 027 741Fax: (+91) 22 25 542 926Website: www.francisleslie.comDealer/Distributor

JAPAN

GADELIUS K.K.5-2-39 Entsuji Gadelius Blgd. AkasakaMinato-ku107-8302 TokyoJapanContact: Kazuya MiyakawaTel: (+81)3 3224 3415Fax: (+81)3 3224 3435Website: www.gadelius.comDealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

ARGUS-REALCOLD LTDP.O.Box 12-519PenroseAucklandNew ZealandContact: Edwin LingTel: (+64)95265757Fax: (+64)95265755Email: [email protected]: www.argus.co.nzDealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE (REGIONAL SUBSIDIARY)

TRELLEBORG HERCULES PTE LTD4 Jalan PesawatSingapore 619362Contact: Andrew ChinTel: +65 6262 1644Fax: +65 6265 9853 Email: [email protected] Website: www.trellchem.com Representative Office

SOUTH KOREA

SANCHEONG CO LTD185 Songmoon-RiYangji-MyunCheoin-Gu,Yongin-SiGyeonggi-Do449-823 KoreaContact: KIM Hee GonTel: (+82-31) 321-4077Fax: (+82-31) 321-4088Email: [email protected]: www.sancheong.com/introDealer/Distributor

SRI LANKA

HALCHEM LANKA PVT LTDP.O. Box 1962ColomboSri LankaTel: (+94) 11 267 4553Fax: (+94) 11 267 4615Contact person: Mr Cyril HalloluwaDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN R.O.C.

VAN PROTECTEUR CO LTD 3rd FloorNo. 6-1Section-2Chi-Nan Road Taipei 100Taiwan R.O.C.Tel: (+886)2 2356 7522Fax: (+886)2 2356 7523Contact person: Mr Bruce LanDealer/Distributor

Please refer to Trelleborg Hercules Pte Ltd inSingapore for: Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia,Vietnam, Myanmar, Mauritius, Macau,Philippines, Malaysia & Brunei.

TYCO FIRE & SECURITYINDONESIA

TYCO FIRE & SECURITYPt. ODG Wormald IndonesiaJ1. Let Jen. TB. Simatupang no. 150 BTanjung BaratJagakarsaJakarta, 12530Representative Office





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Iveco Magirus Fire Fighting GmbH 26

Lancier Hydraulik Co. KG 71

MSR Dosiertechnik GmbH 14

Pacific Helmets Australia Pty Ltd 62

PBI Performance Products 33

Plastika Akrapovic 39

Securiton AG 37

Sicor Spa 69

Simulation 28 & 29

Solberg Scandinavian 43

Sperian Protection 66

Task Force Tips, Inc. IFC

Texas A & M Emergency Services Training Institute 61

Trelleborg Protective Products 49

Tyco Safety Products – Skum 40

Unifire Power Blowers 51

ASIA PACIFICFIRE MAGAZINEASIA PACIFIC

FIRE MAGAZINE

If paying by credit card please fax details. DO NOT post/mail.Fax: +44 (0) 1935 426926

P. 80 Subs/Ad. index 11/9/08 11:49 AM Page 80

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Always.

continuing symbol of quality, reliability and ingenuity since 1915.defender of life, property and the environment since 1939.participating member of NFPA since 1943.

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APF Issue 27

Documents

Transcript of APF Issue 27