APF Issue 20

REPORTING TO THE ASIA PACIFIC FIRE PROTECTION AND FIRE SERVICE INDUSTRYREPORTING TO THE ASIA PACIFIC FIRE PROTECTION AND FIRE SERVICE INDUSTRY

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE MAGAZINEASIA PACIFIC FIRE MAGAZINE

An MDM PUBLICATIONIssue 20 – December 2006

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ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 1

Picture courtesy of: The University ofNevada, Reno Fire Science Academy inCarlin, Nevada, USA

PublishersMark Seton & David Staddon

Editorial ContributorsClifford Jones, Frank Bateman, Joseph Fernandez, Eng-Huang Tay,Yong-qiang Cao, Yu-zhang Li,Australian Transport Safety Bureau,Robert Moore, Pat O’Connor, Dr. D. D. Triapthi

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December 2006Issue 20

57-61

03 NFPA Foreword

05-13 News,Product Profiles &Viewpoints

15-22 TrainingIndustrial FireFighters – SomePerspectives

25-30 HowSingapore ChangiAirport’s AirportEmergency Serviceprepares itself for theNew Large Aircraft,the Airbus Industrie’sA380

33-38 IndustrialFire Fighting FoamsRoundup

41-44 HighPressure Water Mist –How the TechnologyWorks

46-47 CPC for FireFighters

49-51 RailwayAccidentInvestigationGuidelines EmergencyServices Personnel

53-55 Fire ControlTechniques – TheWhat and How

57-61 StructureCollapse Rescue – AreYou Trained toRespond Effectively?

63 Coal Mine Fires inJharia Coal Fields,India

64-71 Distributor& RepresentativeOffice Listing

72 Advertisers’Index

46-47

41-44

25-30

15-22

5-13

53-55

49-51

Contents

P. 1 Contents 30/11/06 11:44 AM Page 1

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ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 3

FOREWORD

This process brings together volunteers repre-senting various viewpoints and interests toachieve consensus on fire and other life safety

issues. All NFPA codes and standards are developedand periodically reviewed by more than 5,000volunteer committee members with a wide range ofprofessional expertise. NFPA prides itself insupporting a flexible system that depends largely onvolunteers. These volunteers serve on more than225 technical committees and are overseen bythe NFPA Board of Directors, which also appoints a13-person Standards Council to administer thestandards-making activities and regulations.

International members and volunteers have longbeen a part of NFPA’s constituency. Part of NFPA’sstrategy is to broaden international participation inour codes and standards making process. TheNFPA’s Board of Directors already has members fromcountries outside the United States, as do several ofour major technical committees. In the Asia Pacificregion you can find participation from India, China(Hong Kong), Thailand, Singapore, Japan andKorea. NFPA’s process brings together fire and lifesafety professionals with experience doing businessin every part of the world and their input is reflectedin our more than 300 documents. They are dedicatedindividuals, and their devotion to safety around theworld is truly remarkable.

Besides participation from committee members,the NFPA process is exceptional in the opportunities itaffords for public participation in the developmentprocess. The world seems to have become significantlysmaller, thanks to improved communications tech-nology. In this day and age, the Internet has already

provided NFPA with the means for people who can’tattend our meetings or participate on our technicalcommittees to learn more about who we are andhow we operate. They can follow our process as doc-uments are developed. They can submit commentsand proposals in a timely fashion, and they can join acommunity committed to the same safety mission.

NFPA codes and standards are widely used andadopted around the world because they are devel-oped using an open, consensus-based process. Butthe process doesn’t stop with the completion of acode or a standard. The rapid pace of globalresearch and technology creates a need for frequentupdating of information, and NFPA’s system inher-ently provides for such regular updating. All in all,the result is safety oriented codes and standardsthat drastically reflect the general will of society.

Around the world, even where there is not alwaysfull understanding of how NFPA’s process works, thereis clear appreciation that NFPA’s codes and standardsare the product of an honest process committed toachieving consensus on the right answers to fire-safety problems. NFPA is influential in the US andCanada, but in the last decade, we have seen ourinfluence expand to new places. International leadersand experts in fire safety follow what we have to saybecause we bring together knowledgeable people totackle problems in a balanced, open, and transparentprocess. I’d urge you all to participate in this greatprocess. You can start by visiting www.nfpa.org/assets/files/PDF/CodesStandards/CodesStandardsBrochure2005.pdf and learning more about theprocess. I look forward to continue working with youin the years to come!

By Olga Caledonia

Executive DirectorInternationalOperations, NFPA

Foreword NFPA codes and standardsAs we close 2006 and welcome the new year, it seems appropriate to reflect on oneof the most important assets of our organization: NFPA codes and standards and theconsensus process, through which we have continued to produce quality documentsfor more than 110 years. NFPA codes and standards are developed through aconsensus standards development process approved by the United States standarddeveloper – ANSI American National Standards Institute.

P. 3 Foreword 1/1/04 12:09 AM Page 3

SSynchronised Alternating or Simultaneous Flash ofTwo or More lightsLED Colours: Amber - Blue - Greeen - Red - White orDual-Colours (8LED only)Outer Lens Colours: Clear or Blue or Red Flash Patternns: Selectable Patterns includeAlternating Patterns on 8LedsVoltages: 12v (3LED or 8LED) 12-24v (8LLED only)

Surface Mount: Bezel and Bracket Mounts OptionalWarranty: 5 Years

ADVANCED OPTIC LEDS PRODUCE OPTIMALLIGHT OUTPUT

FULLY FLEXIBLE PROGRAMMABLE INBUILTCONTROL OPTIONS

MMODULAR DESIGN – CLEAR OR COLOUREDOUTER LENSES

8 STANDARD LENGTHS - 34" to 67"5 YEARS WARRANTY

XCESS LIGHTBAR

MAGNETIC MOUNT Compact Size: 85mm High x 80mm DiameterHigh Power Magnet: 60kgs Pull Strength forHigh Speed UsePaintwork Protector: Optional Moulded RubberMagnet Cover LED Colours: Amber - Blue - Green -

Red - White or Dual-Colours Outer Lens Colours: Clear or BlueFlash Patterns: Nine Selectabble Patterns Voltages: 12v or 12-24v Warranty: 5 Years

Haztec (APF19) w/p 6/9/06 2:10 pm Page 1

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 5

NEWS

CROWCON’s CheckBox IMH (InstrumentManagement Hub) automates thecalibration and bump testing* of portablegas detectors, reducing operation timeand so reducing costs. The station can testup to 10 Crowcon detectors at once,calibrating, bumping and uploading datafiles as required.

The CheckBox IMH now has addedfunctionality allowing Crowcon’s newestinstruments – the Tetra:3 and theDetective+ – as well as establisheddetectors such as the Triple Plus+, to betested and calibrated.

Tetra:3 is a rugged, lightweight andsmall personal monitor with single-buttonoperation, IP67 enclosure, top mountingdisplay and reliable lithium-ion batterytechnology. It is very easy to use, even witha gloved hand.

The Triple Plus+ has long been anindustry favourite, with over 55,000instruments now in circulation. With thenew Checkbox IMH upgrade, users ofexisting fleets of Triple Plus+ units can nowreduce their maintenance costs and enableautomatic calibration traceability.

The Detective+ is Crowcon’s latesttransportable area gas monitor. Tripodmounted, with optional folding or fixedlegs, the device now has options forinternal pump – complete with watertrap/filter – and infra-red sensors for eitherCO2 or flammable gases. Crowcon’s widerange of toxic and oxygen sensors areavailable and Detective+ units also featurea stackable system to reduce carriage andstorage costs .

By allowing both pumped and non-pumped detectors to be calibrated andtested using the same procedure, with noadditional operator involvement required,the CheckBox IMH greatly simplifies thewhole process. All data is permanentlyrecorded ensuring traceable records andcan be uploaded and saved for futureaccess. Gas lot or batch numbers andexpiry dates can also be entered into theCheckBox IMH records and printed oncertificates.

The station supports up to eight gasinlets. One inlet provides air for zeroing,with the remaining inlets allowing up toseven different calibration gases (or acombination of gas mixes) to be tested.When testing standard four-gas monitors(flammable, oxygen, hydrogen sulphide

and carbon monoxide), the devicesupports the use of quad-mixed calibrationgas, minimising calibration time and gasusage.

The CheckBox IMH optimises gas bottleusage between single and mixed gases byautomatically determining the best gasbottle or combination of bottles to

calibrate each detector. It does this bycomparing the sensor combination to thegas bottles attached to the system.

For more information, please contact:Crowcon Detection SystemsTel: +44 1235 557700Website: www.crowcon.com

New instruments added toCrowcon’s automatic gas testand calibration interface

HELMET INTEGRATED SYSTEMS LTD (HISL) haveupdated their web-site to include a ‘Sales andService Zone’ providing access to an extensiverange of information, currently grouped into aeleven separate information folders

Initial logging on to the web-site opens anumber of pages giving a company profile andquality information, summarising the productrange, and listing exhibition and product newsinformation.

Visitors are invited to register to receive apassword by return, which opens the Sales andService Zone, and the associated detailedinformation folders. The majority of theinformation including literature, photographs,technical specifications, certification documents,distributor contact links etc., can be saved ordownloaded as required.

The HISL range includes Alpha aircrewhelmets, Cromwell fire and rescue helmets,Argus public order helmets, and the Pureflorange of powered air and airline suppliedrespirators.

Information will be added and updated atperiodic intervals, enabling HISL’s customers anddistributors to remain up to date concerningproducts, applications, and new developments.

A ‘Contact Us’ page gives direct access toHISL’s UK sales office, and to their office inNorth Carolina for visitors from the USA,Canada and Central/South America. The pagealso incorporates a feed back documentenabling visitors to comment on product andoperational matters.

For more information, please contact:Helmet Integrated Systems Ltd.Tel: +44 (0) 1776 704421Fax: +44 (0) 1776 706342Email: [email protected]

Helmet Integrated Systems –www.helmets.co.uk

*A bump test applies a gas mixture to adetector to check whether the sensors areworking within acceptable response limits.

News P. 5-12 1/1/04 12:10 AM Page 5

6 ASIA PACIFIC FIRE

NEWS

A new range of mass decontamination showersthat gives the performance of the articulatedmetal frame type but is closer in cost to PVCmodels is announced by PROFESSIONALPROTECTION SYSTEMS. The new range, knownas the Mid-Range, means that PPS can nowoffer the world’s emergency services the largestchoice of mass decontamination products to befound anywhere.

The key feature of the Mid-Range is a robustinflatable frame made from, natural rubberwhich provides a similar rigidity to the metalframe type. This is covered by a yellowremovable reinforced lightweight PVC outercanopy with a lightweight inner liner made froma reinforced PVC material with a PU coating.

According to PPS Managing Director MarkWhitcher PPS recognised a gap in the market fora unit of this type. “People recognise the highperformance values of the articulated metaltype but some find it rather costly. We decidedto design something that came close to it inperformance but had at a lower price. The

Mid-Range is the result” Mid-Range consists of five units. For handling

large numbers of ambulant or non-ambulantcasualties there is a four cell three and four lineshower or a three cell two and three line shower.Both these units provide undress and redresscells as well as decontamination sections.

Smaller units in the range consist of the DPI/Rand the DPI First Response/R that have beendesigned for the decontamination of single

suited PPE users and two suited PPE usersrespectively. The other unit, the DECAS/R is ashower designed to decontaminate casualties.

All of the new Mid-Range can be deployed inunder two minutes and allow for minimumwater usage with low-flow high pressure jets.They also all feature a completely removablecanopy with an integral water system and comewith guy ropes and pegs to assure stability.

Like all PPS products units in this range canbe heavily accessorised to allow production tothe customers own specification.

For more information, please contact:Professional Protection SystemsTel: +44 (0) 1908 272240Website: www.ppsgb.com

New Mass Decon Range opens up newoptions in cost and performance

To be visible in dense smoke is something thatevery firefighter knows is a problem and asafety issue. Now the Swedish companyTEXCON has a solution on that problem. Theidea for this new product “VISIBLE” wasinitiated by the staff at the Fire Fighting Schoolin Uppsala, Sweden.

So with their idea and Texcon’s technicalknowledge Texcon developed a system whichnow have become a reality that really works.

VISIBLE is a Localization-Light-System whichhas a special light source that makes it visual bythe human eye even in dense smoke wherevisual contact are of big importance forfirefighters’ safety.

VISIBLE is due to it’s composition of rightmaterials and technology a trust worthy systemwhich will work as a “tool” for firefighters tokeep track and locate each other in difficultenvironments.

The system is developed to stand up to thestandards for firefighting equipment andendures heat and flames up to 800-900°C for 8-10 seconds and 300°C for min. 4 hrs.

The system operates by 2 AA batteries whichgives a 35 hrs fixed light.

To mount the VISIBLE on the SCBA is veryeasy due to its clip-on system that automatic

grabs the air-tube/tubes and keep it in place.Equipment like this has to be more then just

safe, they have to be easy to use and maintainor they will end up on the shelf some where.VISIBLE fulfill these criteria’s and many more …

Specifications:Name: VISIBLEManufacturer: TEXCON, Sweden.Battery: 2 AA batteries, life time fixed light 35

hrs. Twinkling light 100 hrs.Heat: endures 300° for 4 hrs and 800° – 900°

for 8-10 seconds.Flame temperature °C: 850°C fulfils IEC 335-1.Water: The system is washable and stands

rinsing with water when cleaning.Warranty: 1 year on everything accept the

silicone cover and batteries.Frame: Made of stainless steel.Patent: Swedish patent world wide.Approvals: IMO (A.752 (18) §8)/CE/Light wire

IP67 Visible: Can be seen for up to minimum 5

meters in dense black smoke and minimumfor 200 meters in clear darkness.

Input V: 3VOperating V: <110VIntensity A: <0.05 A per 100 meter.Isolation V: 4000V (IEC 335-1)Storage temp °C: -–40° to 80°Optical wave length nM: 505 nM at 400 Hz.Dynamic nF: 5.3 – 7.5 nF/m

The system is available for both single anddouble air-tank SCBA’s such as MSA,INTERSPIRO, DRÄGER, SCOTT etc…

VISIBLE is distributed in Australia/Asia/Pacificby Xinix Aquatic Co., LtdTel: +66 (0) 38-488627Fax: +66 (0) 38-488626Email: [email protected]: www.xinixaquatic.com

The Sani-Bag+™commode andbedpan linerUse it! Seal it! Toss it!DQE®, INC.introduces theSani-Bag+ aunique productdesigned tosimplify andexpedite themanagement ofhuman waste.Emptying and cleaning a commode orbedpan is viewed as one of the mostunpleasant, time consuming jobs that caregivers are required to do. This task is even

more difficultwhen caring forindividuals in lessthan austereenvironments. Theindividuallywrapped Sani-

Bag+ makes the process sanitary and is areal time-saver.

The Sani-Bag+ biodegradable linercontains a waste treatment powder that gels and treats up to 32ounces of waste,preventing backsplash andspillage. The odorneutralizer controls odorsand allows for overnightor multiple usage. Afteruse, simply roll top of bagtoward the bottom of thebag, close it with theadhesive seal, and dispose of in the samemanner as an adult diaper.

To order the new Sani-Bag+, call DQE at800-355-4628. For more information or tolearn more about DQE and its family ofproducts, visit www.dqeready.com

Be Visible!

News P. 5-12 1/1/04 12:10 AM Page 6

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 7

By J. C. Jones

Department ofEngineeringUniversity of Aberdeen [email protected]

The Manor Hotelfire, Manila,August 2001 An article in the sister periodical1 described a hotel fire in Paris in whichthere was much loss of life. In this piece we consider a hotel fire in thePhilippines which caused 70 deaths. It took place in August 2001 at theManor Hotel in Manila at a time when a Christian convention was takingplace at the hotel. Some facts on the fire gleaned from reports on theWeb follow.

VIEWPOINT

None of the smoke alarms in the six-storeyhotel was functioning and some fire exitswere locked. Emergency lighting and sprin-

kler systems were absent. A hotel employee triedto raise the alarm by firing his pistol, but this wasto no avail. Windows had metal grilles, whichrestricted access of firemen to trapped persons.The hotel was situated in Quezon City, a district ofManila with its own local government. In the pre-vious three years there had been two other fatalfires in that part of Manila, one at a disco and theother in a medical centre, killing respectively 162and 20 persons.

The President of the Philippines personally visit-ed the scene and ordered an investigation. Thiswas headed by a fire marshal who, it later tran-spired, had been warned some time before the fireof the dangers at the Manor Hotel but had notacted. He had previously been appointed to leadan enquiry into a fire at the Philippine Internation-al Convention Centre and had not done so to anysignificant effect.

The ‘Philippine Daily Inquirer’ had this to sayabout the fire:

It is not only in building fire safety that practicesin the Philippines are sub-standard. The countryimports 30000 barrels per day of crude oil andproduces about 20 thousand barrels per day, a fig-ure which it is hoped will rise making the Philip-pines less dependent on imports. Shell and Caltex

are represented in the Philippines and these havewithout doubt maintained very high safety stan-dards. Whether the same could be said of thestate owned Philippine National Oil Company(PNOC) is a matter for debate but evidence to thecontrary is not lacking. In a world economy verymuch driven by oil and gas supply and demandthe Philippines will only raise its quality of life bycarefully developing whatever quantities of theseresources it has and this requires a regime in whichlaw prevails and confidence is strong. Apart fromits inherent tragedy, the Manor Hotel fire and theresponse to it are totally at odds with such aspira-tions.

References1. Jones J.C. ‘Perspective on the Paris Hotel Fire’International Fire Fighter May 2005 p. 20.

APF

After brief, whirlwind moves to showthat something was being done aboutthe problem of potential firetraps, thegovernment officials and owners ofbuildings continued to go on in their

usual, devil-may-care way,unperturbed by the possibility that

their negligence and apathy could killscores of people in the future. Which

was what actually happened lastSaturday [the day of the fire].

In a world economy very much

driven by oil and gas supply

and demand the Philippines

will only raise its quality of life

by carefully developing

whatever quantities of these

resources it has.

P. 7 Manila Viewpoint 1/1/04 3:39 AM Page 7

New BP BookletFeatures AngusFoam Technologyfor LNGApplications

ANGUS FIRE announced today that BP, oneof the world’s largest energy companies,will feature Angus’ specialist fire fightingfoam equipment in a new booklet onextinguishing liquefied natural gas (LNG)fires. Angus Fire is part of UTC Fire &Security, a unit of United TechnologiesCorp. (NYSE:UTX).

The booklet, titled “LNG Fire Protection &Emergency Response,” is set to become theindustry standard on LNG spill and fireprotection. It explains the dangers of LNG aswell as the special fire hazard managementand emergency response measures requiredin the event of an LNG fire.

“Until now the only fire test dataavailable on LNG has been based onoutdated storage and handlingtechniques,” said Mike Willson, ProductManager for Angus Fire. “This new bookletdescribes modern solutions for realisticoperating conditions, and is all the moreimportant because global demand for LNGas an energy resource is growing rapidly.”

The booklet’s recommendations are basedon extensive testing of the effectiveness ofdifferent types of foams and applicationtechniques in a range of realistic LNGemergency scenarios. The tests were carriedout at the new LNG testing and trainingfacility developed and sponsored by BP incollaboration with the Emergency ServicesTraining Institute at Texas A&M University.

The booklet describes how a good qualityhigh expansion foam applied at a controlledrate and expansion ratio is highly effective inreducing vapour levels at LNG spills and inachieving rapid and dramatic reductions inthe heat emissions of LNG fires.

Only specialist high expansion foamgenerators and foam concentrates thathave been proven to withstand the intenseheat of LNG fires should be used, such as

the Angus Fire LNG Turbex generator andExpandol foam that are both featured inthe booklet.

Company experts recently addressed theLNG Technical Committee at the National FireProtection Association World SafetyConference in Orlando and the Society ofInternational Gas Tanker and TerminalOperators (SIGTTO) AGM in Athens. SIGTTOis the world’s leading LNG safety organizationand represents virtually the entire world’s LNGtanker and terminal operators.

Angus Fire is also co-operating withResource Protection International, the

independent fire protection consultancyappointed by BP Group Technology toprepare the new booklet, in establishing anew LNG fire training programme forSIGTTO in Europe.

The new booklet is the seventh in theBP Fire Booklet Series (“blue books”) andis available from BP International.

Media contact:Jonathan BrittainAngus FireTel: +44 (0) 1844 265021Email: [email protected]

8 ASIA PACIFIC FIRE

NEWS

As reported in international press lastyear BRONTO SKYLIFT launches – again– the world’s highest truck mountedrescue and fire fighting platform. The101 m unit is the latest member of thefamous HLA range, now covering theworking heights from 69 to 101 meters.The HLA stands for High LevelArticulated and represents the ultimatein high rise rescue and fire fightingcapability. It goes higher and furtherthan any other rescue and fire fightingvehicle.

The special features of F 101 HLA Thanks to its relative low GVW of only 62tonnes and it being mounted onto a 6-axlecommercial truck chassis (with less than 4meter transport height) instead of a trailer orspecial crane carrier, the unit has excellentmanoeuvrability and drivability, making swiftroad transport possible, but giving access tohigh rise buildings. If required by the customer itis also possible to mount the unit onto 5-axleall-wheel drive crane carrier.

Setting up and operating is fast andconvenient, thanks to features like H-typeoutriggers with only 8 meters total jackingwidth, automatic (all jacks simultaneously)jacking, automatic levelling, full secondarycontrol at the turntable, automatic erection andautomatic drive into transport position. Theintegrated waterway facilitates immediate andefficient extinguishing.

One of the most important features of the

F 101 HLA is without doubt the Bronto SkyliftBronto+ control system, which is geometrybased and (unlike any other control system onthe market) gives exactly identical outreachunder all circumstances, regardless of externalinfl uences: temperature, dynamic forces,friction, etc. Fault fi nding and full remotediagnostic system (Bronto TeleControl) is part ofthe standard delivery.

The Bronto Skylift F 101 HLA gives maximumwork efficiency and return on investment– Best height/weight (GVW) ratio on the market– Fast movements due to a generously

dimensioned hydraulic system– High cage load of 400 kg unrestricted at all

heights

For more information please contact:Bronto SkyliftTel: +358 3 272 7111Website: www.bronto.fi

Bronto Skylift launches a101-meter unit

Main operating dataMax. working height (depending on transportation height) 101 mMax. height to working cage bottom (depending on transportation height) 99 mMax. working outreach 28 mWorking outreach at all heights from ground level to 65 m above ground level, approx. 23 mMax. working reach below the ground level 7.8 mSafe working load (without water discharge) 400 kgMax. nominal water discharge capacity (with adequate supply pressure) 3800 l/minRotation, continuous 360°Transport height 4.0 mTransport length 17.1 mTypical weight with chassis, G.V.W. (standard specification) 62 t

News P. 5-12 1/1/04 12:11 AM Page 8

Sound signalling specialistKLAXON SIGNALS now offers anextensive range of beacons,including compact, generalpurpose and large industrialvariants for fire, security andindustrial use.

The Sonos range of generalpurpose beacons includes the DCSonos – an LED beacon optimisedfor fire applications; the AC Sonos– a xenon beacon available in110V or 230V variants; and the highoutput 5J Sonos beacon, which has beenspecifically designed for use where agreater light output is required, such as inindustrial or dirty applications. All threeproducts utilise a full faced, translucentcase rather than a separate add-onbeacon, giving a much larger lens area andresulting in a greater light spread. They areavailable in deep or shallow base variants,the latter being weatherproof to IP65, andcome with a choice of red, amber, clear,green or blue lenses.

High output 5J beacons and low currentLED beacons can also be added to thecompany’s Nexus products, a range of lowcurrent consumption sounders designedfor industrial, fire and marine use. Thecombination of powerful sounder andhigh output beacon ensures a veryeffective audio-visual signal.

Also available are Klaxon’s Flashguard

beacons, a range of weatherproofproducts which act as ideal visualindicators in a variety of applications. Allunits have a low current consumption anda diffuser for greater visibility and spreadof light. Customers can choose from theLED beacon, which can be powered by110V AC, 230V AC or 11/35V DC supply,the xenon beacon or the industrial beacon.Both the xenon and industrial beacons areavailable in 10J or 24J units and haveFresnel lenses, making them particularlysuitable for larger areas as they produce ahigh intensity, penetrating light in themost adverse of conditions. All threeproducts are available in Standard or UltraLow profiles and come with a choice ofgreen, blue, clear, red or amber lenses.

For more information please visit thecompany’s website atwww.klaxonsignals.com

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 9

NEWS

Klaxon’s beacons coverall bases

TNT announces their new line of AutoExtrication Cutters, the SLC-24 and theSLC-27. These new cutters are designedspecifically with the new car materials anddesigns in mind. Useable cut forces havebeen increased and the weight reduced.These new cutters boast over 118,000 lbsof USEABLE cut force while weighing in atless than 36 pounds. Our new advanceddesign also allows the tool to open andclose in 22% less time than our standardcutter, while maintaining the ultimate invariable control. The SLC-27 blade

opening is 7.75” (196.9mm) and the SLC-24 opens 5.0” (127mm). Both tools arewell balanced for easy operator use andoffer our standard twist control valve. Aswith all TNT products the new cutters arecovered by our comprehensive warranty,which includes coverage for blades and anextensive customer service network.

For more information, please contact: TNT Rescue SystemsTel: +1 920 474 4101 Fax: +1 920 474 4477 Email: [email protected] Website: www.tntrescue.com

New Cutters from TNT RescueSystems, Inc.

Dräger X-am2000A new generation small and light-weightpersonal 1 to 4 gas monitor that detectscombustible gases and vapours, carbonmonoxide, hydrogen sulphide and oxygen.Installed with the new DRÄGER miniaturizedXXS sensor type, better performance in terms oflife expectancy and response time can beexpected.

With an ingress protection rating of 67 fordust and water this instrument is built towithstand harsh environmental conditions withregards to water and dust.

As radios are oftenplaced near the personalair monitor, the devicesneed to perform wellagainst radio frequencyinterferences (RFI). Thisrobust instrument showsno RFI influence within a10 cm distance to anantenna.

Shock-absorbing,rubberized housings area integrated into to thehousing to protect theinstrument againstdamages caused by hitsand falls.

The design of the X-am 2000 ensures thatthe gas can enter from the side and from thetop. Even if the instrument is placed inside thepocket, it can still warn you safely.

To guarantee the proper function of the gasdetector, regular bump tests (or function tests)with span gases are required. As bump testsshould be done by each worker on-site, it ishighly important to look for a fast and easysolution that consumes only a small amount ofgas, such as Dräger’s Bump Test Station.

Workshop solutions such as Dräger’s E-Calare professional solutions for total care service.Function tests, calibrations, reading out thedata-logger, and battery tests can be done withthe simple one-button operation. Furthermore,configurations, data and instrumentmanagement allow you to optimize your ownprocesses.

The workshop software CC-Vision has beenextended to include a registry solution. If thetechnician has to hand out a larger amount ofinstruments each day, then people might haveto wait to get an instrument. To speed up thisprocess and to ease the return procedure,Dräger Safety offers an appropriate registrationtool.

The Dräger X-am 2000 has been designed tomeet all of the personal air monitoringstandards in the market today. Long life sensorsand supporting tools optimize workflows andreduce your cost of ownership while increasingyour safety!

For further information, please visit us atwww.draeger-safety.com/x-am2000SLC-24 cutter

SLC-27 cutter

News P. 5-12 1/1/04 12:11 AM Page 9

10 ASIA PACIFIC FIRE

PRODUCT PROFILE

When used with GBSOLO LTD software andcalibrated for optimum use with GBSOLOLTD patented viewing display goggles the

3600 AS delivers unrivalled clarity, image depthperception and overall sharpness. The SOLO rangeof cameras has utilised L3’s 2000 and 2500AS forthe last three years and see the introduction of the3600AS to be a huge step forward for the overallcamera capability.

The SOLOvision has established itself as theWorld leader for HANDS FREE thermal imagingand the SOLOvision HAND HELD is the ideal HANDHELD with HANDS FREE capabilities but with areduced price tag. This introduction of new tech-nology has also kept both the HAND HELD andFIRE as the lightest cameras in the World, stillweighing ONLY 850g and 750g respectively.

There are development plans in the pipe linewhich will further improve the range of SOLOvi-

sion cameras for the fire fighter. GB SOLO are tak-ing their tried and tested hands free concept andeffectively moving the shell design, camera func-tion and interactive capability beyond any other t.i.camera on the market.

Andrew Smithson, GBSOLO technical develop-ment team leader states that “the next generationof SOLOvision will be more advanced technically,smaller and lighter than the current SOLOvisionand offer further scope with regard to informationgathering and download.”

GB SOLO LTD firmly believe that if you wantyour HANDS FREE to actually do some real firefighting – search & rescue there is no better rangeof products in the market place. Our high profilelist of clients ranging from the White House toNASA indicates this as FACT.

For further details or pricing information pleasefeel free to call or email anytime. APF

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P. 10 GB Solo Prod. Profile 1/1/04 12:13 AM Page 10

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NEWS

Following the recent completion of their newplastics storage warehouse, JSP Foam Productsneeded to find a fire protection technology capableof coping with the detection difficulties posed bythe warehouse environment with high ceiling, openspace and silo pack. “My main concern is that theharsh and dusty conditions in the warehouse willlead to frequent and costly false fire alarms”, MrOikawa Managing Director of JSP Foam Productstold VISION FIRE & SECURITY representatives.

The possibility of extending the flame detectionsystem, already installed in the rest of the facility,was quickly ruled out. Flame detectors respond tothe light emitted by fire and can detect frequenciesanywhere from infrared, through the visiblespectrum, to ultraviolet; the type of fueldetermining the emitted frequency. This type ofdetector would not function adequately, in awarehouse environment, for the following reasons: Even small incipient (smouldering) plastics

fuelled fires generate large amounts of smoke,often long before any flames become visible.This smoke is highly toxic and corrosive,representing a serious health hazard to the 20warehouse employees and significant risk ofdamage to electrical equipment.

The high concentration of dust present may alsoobscure flame.

By the time flames appear there would be somuch smoke that they would be obscured,thereby delaying or totally preventing detection.

The large amount of stored goods would act as abarrier to optical detection of flame; numerousdetectors, in many locations, being necessary toadequately cover the protected area.

Flame detectors could easily be damaged duringnormal operation of the warehouse, forexample, by forklift trucks.

Access to flame detectors, for maintenance andtesting, would be awkward due to the storedgoods.Conventional spot type smoke detection

technologies were also ruled out for the reasonslisted below: The high concentrations of dust within the

warehouse would lead to frequent nuisancealarms.

Smoke may not reach high ceiling detectors as aresult of the abnormal dispersion of smokecaused by the barriers created by the storedgoods.

Air movement, caused by ventilation or theopening and closing of entrances, would alsointerfere with smoke dispersion, diluting it anddirecting it away from detectors, hence,delaying or preventing detection.

Smoke from incipient stage (smouldering),plastics fuelled fires would be unlikely topossess the thermal energy needed to lift it allthe way to the high warehouse ceiling resultingin the development of smoke stratificationlayers which would not be detected.

Their relatively low sensitivity, compoundedwith the above detection problems, would allowa fire to grow and spread further a field beforeits detection. Thus, increasing the risk topersonnel and potential stock damage.

Smoke detectors would be as easy to damageas the flame detectors.

Access for maintenance and testing would bedifficult due to the stored goods.

What was needed was a fire protection solutioncombining the following features: Tolerance to nuisance alarms. High sensitivity for very early smoke detection

to maximise staff safety and minimisestock/equipment damage.

Active air sampling to overcome detectionobstacles.

Ease of access for maintenance. Damage resistance.

It was decided, after a demonstration by a localloss prevention engineering company ProVisionTechnology (Asia Pacific) Pte Ltd in the JSPwarehouse, that the VESDA Aspirating SmokeDetection system could provide all of the above.When Mr Kow, Factory Manager at JSP, really putthe VESDA detector through its paces, by blowinga large amount of dust into the VESDA samplingpipe, he was delighted to discover that nonuisance alarm was issued.

Four VESDA detectors are now installed in theJSP warehouse. Two VESDA LaserPLUS detectorsprotect both levels of the warehouse and twoVESDA LaserFOCUS detectors protect the electricalpanels and other main equipment controls. All ofthese detectors are linked for remote monitoringpurposes.

The occurrence of nuisance alarms was initiallyJSP’s greatest concern. However, even deliberatelyblowing dust into the VESDA sample pipe failed toinduce a false alarm. Not only does the VESDAfiltering system remove large particles, prior totesting the air sample for smoke, its multiple alarmlevels can be programmed to make corrections forhigh background pollution levels. Thus, contrary tocommon belief, the high sensitivity of VESDAdetectors does not make them prone to issuingunnecessary alarms.

What high sensitivity does mean, however, isthat fire events can be detected and dealt withwhile they are still small; before much stockdamage or interruption to the normal operation ofthe warehouse can occur. The electrical panel andother main equipment mounted VESDA detectorsalso improve the speed of detection. “We haveease of mind that the warehouse is adequatelyprotected, by the VESDA system, and remotelymonitored” remarked Ginn Ng, Sales Manager ofProVision Technology.

VESDA systems cope well in the smokedetection challenging warehouse environment.Active sampling of air, via the sampling pipes,draws smoke in rather than waiting for it to enterthe detector by its own method. This counteractsthe effects of smoke dilution caused by airflow,stratification layer development and physicalbarriers to smoke movement.

The fact that the VESDA detectors can bemounted in easily accessible locations, theirsample pipes being run above the storage areas,means that they are both protected from damageand more conveniently placed for maintenance. MrKow the Factory Manager at JSP said, “We haveeasy access for maintenance without anydisruption to the warehouse operations”.

For further information, please contact:Vision Fire & SecurityTel: +61 3 9211 7200 Fax: +61 3 9211 7202 Website: www.vesda.com

JSP Foam Products prevent nuisance firealarms while protecting staff, flammablestock and equipment in their warehouse

News P. 5-12 1/1/04 12:11 AM Page 12

ASIA PACIFIC FIRE 13

By J. C. Jones

Department ofEngineeringUniversity of Aberdeen [email protected]

The hydroxylamineaccident in Japanin 2000Hydroxylamine, chemical structure NH2OH, is used in the manufactureof nylon and of semi-conductors. In concentrated aqueous solution thesubstance is very explosive. On 10th of June 2000 there was anexplosion involving hydroxylamine at a chemical plant situated atGunma, 70 miles north of Tokyo, operated by Nisshin ChemicalCompany. There were four deaths and several serious injuries as well asdestruction of the plant and major damage to buildings beyond it. Thecompany had been making hydroxylamine since 1953, at the site ofthe 2000 accident since 1960. Explosion of hydroxylamine is known tobe catalysed by iron in either of its common oxidation states, +2(ferrous in older terminology) or +3 (ferric in older terminology).

VIEWPOINT

Essential facts of the accident, obtained fromreports on the Web, are these. The explosiontook place in a distillation column. Hydroxy-

lamine entering the column was in the form of anaqueous solution of concentration 80 to 85%.Hydroxylamine enters the distillation process withabout 50 p.p.b. of ferrous ions and leaves it withabout 1 p.p.b. Ferrous ions so removed over aperiod of operation of the column had accumulat-ed and, in the accident under discussion, comeinto contact with hydroxylamine and catalysedreaction of it.

Although the word ‘detonate’ has becomebroadened in common parlance almost to becomesynonymous with ‘explode’, it was used advisedlyin reports of the hydroxylamine accident at Gunma.Detonations occur when explosion is by decom-position so that in effect the oxidant is intra-molecular and ‘pre-mixedness’ is as high as it couldpossibly be. A company* report on the hazards of

hydroxylamine posted on the Web gives thefollowing chemical equation for its decomposition:

NH2OH _ 0.5N2 + 0.5H2 + H2O

and a heat of reaction of 1240 calorie per gram ofhydroxylamine, which converts to 5.2 MJ kg-1.Since the reaction involves no external oxidant aspreviously noted it is probable that 25 to 30% ofthat becomes blast energy, or about 1.5 MJ of

blast energy per kg. Invoking the classical ‘TNTequivalence’ idea, a kg of TNT yields roughly 4 MJof blast energy per kg of TNT, therefore whateverweight of hydroxylamine reacted in the accidentdid damage equivalent to that which would havebeen done by a fraction (1.5/4) ≈ 40% of thatweight of TNT. All of this is consistent with thefact in the hydroxylamine explosion significantbuilding damage occurred a kilometre away.

Only just over a year prior to the accidentdescribed above there was a fatal accident involv-ing hydroxylamine at a newly commissioned plantin Allentown Pennsylvania. There were five deathsand a number of injuries. This too occurred duringa distillation process.

*Other than the Nisshin Chemical Company

APF

The company had been making

hydroxylamine since 1953, at

the site of the 2000 accident

since 1960.

Hydroxylamine entering the

column was in the form of an

aqueous solution of

concentration 80 to 85%.

Hydroxylamine enters the

distillation process with about

50 p.p.b. of ferrous ions and

leaves it with about 1 p.p.b.

P. 13 Nisshin Viewpoint 1/1/04 12:13 AM Page 13

Bacou-Dalloz w/p 10/12/05 10:45 am Page 1


FIREFIGHTER TRAINING

“Nothing happens until somebody sellssomething”Having spent a good part of my life in the salesprofession, I believe this statement to be true. Ialso believe this statement to be true for every-thing in life, especially education and training. Firetraining is an excellent example of convincingsomeone that your product (information, tech-nique, application method, etc.) has value (maketheir life easier, keep them alive, save others, etc.)and that they should purchase it (spend the timeand effort to achieve the learning objective).

“Those who can, do – those who can’t, teach”Without going into why this saying resonates withmany of us, the fact that many believe this state-ment, puts training in a bad light. While mostassociate the saying with traditional educators,unfortunately it carries over into the area of indus-trial training. Some companies do their part toperpetuate the problem by staffing their trainingdepartments with underachievers (some managershave even admitted that they have transferred

people to training that they would like to termi-nate, but couldn’t).

Success is not assured even when managementunderstands how valuable good training is toproperty conservation, the health and safety oftheir employees and environmental conservation.Successful training programs take time and hardwork to develop and even more hard work tosustain.

So, if the above is true, why would anyonewant to be involved in training? For me, it’s a com-bination of things but mostly it’s because I lovedoing what I’m doing. I’m constantly asked whyI’m still working when I could retire. The answer’salways the same, “I’m having too much fun”.

So, just what is a successful trainingprogram?Personally, I am not a ‘touchy-feely’ kind of guy,but, I am human and respond more favorablywhen I’m treated as a professional. I perform atmy best when excellence is expected and appreci-ated. When forming an instructor team, I try to

By Frank Bateman

Kidde FirefightingNational Foam

Pic courtesy of KiddeFirefighting NationalFoam

Training IndustrialFirefighters: Some perspectivesWhen asked to write an article discussing firefighter training, I decided to take apersonal approach. What follows is a lot about why we, at Kidde Fire Fighting,do what we do. I’ve enclosed some examples to expand each area covered.

P. 15-22 Training Industrial 1/1/04 12:14 AM Page 15

enlist the talents of professionals who share mycommitment to training. They must share mybelief that the product we provide is important. It’smore than ‘nice to know’ information. How ourstudents are trained can mean the differencebetween life and death for emergency responders.It can also mean the difference between an orga-nization being viable, or going out of business as aresult of an incident with great loss of life andproperty loss. Folks who consider these statements‘a bit much’ or ‘a little corny’ (boy, did I datemyself with that statement) are usually not goodcandidates for an instructor team.

To be adequately covered, instructor qualifi-cations is really a topic for another article. In myopinion, universally recognized instructor certifica-tion is long overdo and I applaud the efforts of allthose involved in elevating firefighting instructorqualifications to that of other disciplines. It can’tbe overstated, however, that this is only part ofwhat makes a good instructor. For example,except for the military, I can’t think of a professionwhere experience (been there, done that) is moreimportant to the credibility of an instructor than infirefighting. The best instructors use their experi-ences to enhance their training, not to show off,


TRAINING INDUSTRIAL FIREFIGHTERSFIREFIGHTER TRAINING



P. 15-22 Training Industrial 30/11/06 1:59 PM Page 16

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or as a crutch (over reliance on war stories to coverfor lack of preparation).The ability to deal withpeople (students, fellow instructors, etc.) isanother crucial ingredient in the makeup of agood instructor.

Whether the team consists of two, or as many as40 instructors, all must be in concert in theirapproach to achieving teaching goals. Nothingerodes students’ confidence faster than one instruc-tor contradicting another’s information on a subject.

Example: I coordinate two flammable liquidfirefighting courses for Kidde Fire Fighting eachyear at Texas A&M. Our guest instructor cadreincludes the ‘best of the best’ found anywhere inthe world for this type of training. We’re a closeknit team of about 40 fire fighting professionalswith truly amazing resumes. It’s extremely gratify-ing to have expert instructors from all parts of thefirefighting spectrum volunteer their time toconduct state-of-the-art training because theybelieve in our school. Whether it’s an FDNY veter-an Rescue captain, an oil refinery/chemical plantfire chief, a municipal FD B/C who’s also a USARteam leader or a U.S. Coast Guard captain who’san expert in marine firefighting, we’ve got it alland students appreciate it.

Simply stated, if you’re good you’ve got an ego which, properly harnessed, is a resumeenhancement. In most cases, there are different,approaches/philosophies/techniques/methods inteaching a subject that are considered acceptable.In our case, what’s really important is our teamrecognizes that, while their preferred method (onethat might even be used in their plant or depart-ment) is not in use at our school, the one we’reusing is acceptable practice, does not compromisesafety, and provides continuity of approach inachieving the learning objective.

As obvious as it may sound, relevance is the keyto industrial fire training. The risk analysis processis a great tool to identify what the organizationneeds in the way of training. Once we know whatcan go wrong, programs can be developed toprevent or reduce the impact of the occurrence ofsuch an incident. Of course, the type and amountof training should be customized to achieve theprogram’s goals.

In training, as in most areas of business today,‘outsourcing’ is way of life. This cost cutting trendhas had its effects in training. More and more, it’shard to find an organization able to meets itstraining needs in-house. Still, sending personnel toremote training sessions is a costly endeavor inmany ways. Therefore, to maximize the return onthe organization’s investment in training, it makesgood sense to do as much training as possible athome even if it means importing training expertisewhen necessary. Subjects such as mobile apparatus,fixed systems, hazard analysis via plant familiariz-ation tours or fire training props (generally of thetype used for fire extinguisher training), etc., arecandidates for in-house training.

When organizations can’t satisfy training needsat home (inability to create realism for students,etc.), there are offsite venues that can help. Unfor-tunately, when it comes to hands-on fire trainingeven at the best live fire training venues, realism isa relative term. Small inadequate props, inability touse flammable/combustible liquids and/or foam atsome locations may be less costly but thereduction in realism makes them no bargain. Also,beware of the over confidence that sometimesresults from continuously extinguishing small fireswhich present no challenge to firefighters. Nothingannoys me more than a trainer who lets his/herstudents believe that extinguishing a flammableliquid fire containing a ‘thin skinned’ fuel load




P. 15-22 Training Industrial 30/11/06 1:59 PM Page 18


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resting on a water bed using water/foam at too high an applicationrate is the real thing.

There are two popular options for fulfilling offsite fire trainingneeds. First, in larger organizations, it’s sometimes possible to takelarger groups (teams, brigades, etc.) along with their instructors andequipment to a facility with adequate training capability. At the bet-ter facilities, they can select the firefighting props that most closelysimulate the hazards in their plant and rotate teams accordingly. Asecond option is taking advantage of a large variety of structuredclasses provided by others. This option is popular with smaller orga-nizations who don’t have the in-house staff or budget to takeadvantage of option number one. When sending smaller groups tooff-site structured classes, one of the biggest challenges is to selectthose that contain what a department needs with as little of what isnot needed as possible. As costly as this type of training can be, thelast thing anyone wants is disgruntled employees returning from aclass that had little to do with the training they need.

Example: Because the training I conduct varies in type (classroom,live fire evolutions, table top exercises, equipment deployment drills,etc.), and scope (basic, advanced, refresher, etc.) and audience type(public and private fire department, military, maritime industry, fireprotection system designer/engineers, code enforcers, etc.), I’vefound it essential to develop training modules that can easily beadapted to fit just about any group or combination of groups.

This concept fits ideally into our courses at Texas A&M. We intro-duce information from appropriate subject modules in the class-room that is then reinforced, that day, on the fireground. Eachmodule is adapted to our primary target audience (emergencyresponders). For example, when we discuss fixed systems, we focuson what responders can expect (both good and bad) and how todeal with the consequences of system actuation or failure. Our engi-neering seminars have a different target audience and spend a greatdeal of time developing design material that responders usually con-sider as ‘nice to know’.

The Kidde Fire Fighting course curriculum at Texas A&M has con-tinually evolved in order to take full advantage of the facility. Wehave steadily expanded the types of, and increased the time spent,fighting fires. While this has greatly improved the quality of theteaching product, it has also greatly increased the cost of theschool. The A&M course is conducted so that Kidde Fire Fightingcan fulfill its commitment to our customers which is:

Training Mission Statement“All the technology and fine craftsmanship inthe world is valueless if the products of thatendeavor are used incorrectly. Therefore, to

those ready to sacrifice all while saving life andproperty, our commitment is to provide the

finest training possible to the dedicatedprofessionals of the fire service.”

Pic courtesy of Kidde Firefighting National Foam


In the process of living our Mission Statement,Kidde Fire Fighting can only afford to spill so muchred ink. This has left me with few choices – reducefuel consumption and with it, the value of thetraining, or pass the fuel cost on to our customers.Because I simply refuse to lower the quality ofinstruction, I was worried that we would lose cus-tomers. The fact that we are filling both sessionseach year is evidence that choosing quality wasthe right choice!

While some others boast of high numbers ofattendees at their annual session, I’ve chosen toaccommodate our customer demand by conven-ing multiple sessions. Once again, the reason isquality. History has shown that, at Texas A&M,most learning takes place when firefightingevolutions are extinguished with teams of 15-20.With four teams of this size, all participants areoccupied productively during each burn. With afull agenda of both day and night burns, I’ve neverhad a complaint about the lack of size, or numberof burns.

To satisfy the wide variety of firefighting needsof attendees, I have added breakout sessions thatare conducted at the end of the first day.ARFF/roadside type fires, pump operator refresher,Class ‘A’ foams for interior structure fires areexamples of these ‘extra credit’ sessions. Ifstudents find that the breakout sessions don’t suittheir needs, they can leave the firegrounds at5:30pm when their team has completed theregular rotations.

Before I end the description of curricula or




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course agenda, I need to mention my biggest petpeeve. When an organization accepts money fortraining, it should not violate that trust by turningthe sessions into selling presentations. As a result, Ienforce a strict policy that purchased training willbe provided in a ‘No Sell Zone’.

The product of any training is perishable. Withevery passing day, the process of skill erosion takesits toll. Factory workers who perform the samemanipulative skill throughout the workday don’tneed refresher training. Firefighters, especiallyplant fire brigade or volunteer firefighters, mayonly have the opportunity to reinforce skillslearned during training. The training programsneed to be designed to accommodate the needsof firefighters with different levels of experiencewho must perform as a team at an incident.

Example: At every session we conduct, attendeeexperience covers the entire spectrum of years ofservice and fires fought. In the classroom, this isno small challenge because you have to keep the‘old timers’ awake while you’re bringing therookies up to a level where you can cover thematerial needed to conduct live fires. Also, beforewe light the first fire, refresher sessions areconducted in such areas as hose handling, waterand foam application techniques, SCBA donningand doffing. We find that while many willcomplain (especially the ‘old timers’) about thesesessions being a waste of time, they all need it.

Much has already been covered on the impor-tance of venue for hands-on training. Even thelargest facilities with the widest variety of props islimited in what it can provide. The fuels permitted

for firefighting training at the few remaining livefire training schools must be ‘smokeless’. Depend-ing on the fuel used, the fires may or may notsimulate reality.

Example: While there are many locations thatoffer live fire training on flammable/combustibleliquids, we use Texas A&M’s facility in CollegeStation, TX for the following reasons:1 The focus of our school is foam. To properly

reinforce material presented in the classroom,we need liquid hazards for Class ‘B’ fires andordinary combustibles for Class ‘A’ fires. So thevenue we use must permit both types of fires and allow the use of foam duringextinguishment.

2 Prop selection. We like to run four rotations andthe large number of props allows us to reinforcetechniques with different types of fires.

3 Prop variety. At one location, we can extinguishengine room and cargo deck shipboard firesusing distributor nozzles and high expansionfoam, structure fires using Class ‘A’ foam, whileat other props, water is used to capture flowingliquid or LPG fires so that valves can be closed.

Conclusion: Define something more importantthan training! Properly conducted, it could saveyour life, your job and your community. Firefight-ers who attend training in the 21st century aresmart. Don’t insult them with training that wastestheir time. Don’t waste the money of the sponsorby delivering a substandard training product.Those who don’t agree with this, should stay awayfrom training. APF





Draeger (APF19) w/p 6/9/06 10:05 am Page 1


AIRPORT EMERGENCY SERVICE

As most fire and emergency response professionals are aware, funding is not very often available to Airport Rescue and

Fire-Fighting units (ARFF) all over the world. How-ever, any ARFF unit that lacks the necessaryfunding can justify its operational capability andprofessionalism in its ‘software’. These are itsemergency responders, as well as its ability toswiftly execute operational plans and training

needs. No doubt the AES receives sufficient fund-ing when needed, it also ensures that its softwareis not neglected. Thus, scenario-based as well asequipment drills are regularly conducted at theoperational level while the management ensuresthat the AES’ response plans and procedures are inaccordance and relevant with the dynamic aviationenvironment. And together, the AES works jointlywith other related agencies, such as the armed

By JosephFernandez

and En-Huang Tay

How Singapore ChangiAirport’s AirportEmergency Serviceprepares itself for theNew Large Aircraft, theAirbus Industrie’s A380Singapore Changi Airport’s Airport Emergency Service (AES) has been providingthe local airport community with fire-fighting and life rescue services since itsformation back in the old Paya Lebar Airport. Over the years, the AES has beenmodernising itself in tandem with Singapore’s vibrant and competitive aviationindustry. Where annual reviews conducted with the airport’s senior managementjustify the need for ‘heavy’ investment in its emergency response capability, theAES has often been fortunate enough to receive the necessary funding toacquire the needed resources.

P. 25-30 Singapore Changi 1/1/04 12:14 AM Page 25

forces, civil defence, police, as well as otherrelevant ministries in its annual aircraft responseexercises. In short, a collaborative effort willdetermine the overall success in Singapore ChangiAirport’s capability to handle aviation-related inci-dents. Throughout this article, readers will seeconstant resemblance to this ‘success formula’.

AES’ approach to the A380 With the dawn of the new millennium, while the aviation industry has had to grapple with thereverberating effects of terrorism, SingaporeChangi Airport was also preparing itself for thearrival of the Airbus A380. Apart from upgradingits hardware ranging from the widening of its taxi-ways and modifications to Changi’s aerobridges,the airport has also undergone a series of reviewson its present processes ranging from apron oper-ations, engineering facilitations, as well as therecruitment of suitable talent to cater not only forthe arrival of the A380, but also for the growth of

Singapore Changi Airport. The AES is one of thedivisions that has taken part in this preparationand upgrading as well.

Starting with the annual review of the AES’available resources, fleet projections were made todetermine the needed appliances way back in2001. Taking into account the specifications of theA380 from Airbus Industrie, the AES workedtogether with the other divisions within the CivilAviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS) to ensurethat future appliances acquired and manpowerrecruited would fall within the overall frameworkin preparing for the A380. For the AES specifically,the areas of training needs, operational plans andprocedures, logistical acquisition were some of theissues taken into account in its preparationactivities.a Enhancement of Fire Protection Coverage

The Airbus A380 aircraft is classified as aCategory 10 aircraft under the ICAO’s guide-lines. This directly translates to the amount ofextinguishing media (ie, comprising of foam asthe primary agent and dry chemical powder asthe secondary agent) that needs to be carriedon board the airport’s fire fighting appliances,as well as the overall discharge rate capability.Since 2005, The AES has migrated fromFluoroprotein (FP) foam, a level A foam, to FilmForming Fluoroprotein (FFFP) foam, a level Bfoam. Thus, the amount of water carryingcapacity for fire vehicles (for category 10 cover-age) carrying Level B foam would be 32,300litres and must be able to discharge 11,200litres of foam per minute.

b The A380 Emergency Preparedness SeminarTo foster greater understanding amongst thevarious emergency response organizations aswell as foreign ARFF units and develop a betterunderstanding on the uniqueness of the A380,the AES had successfully organized the aboveseminar on 16 February 2006 at the Singapore


HOW CHANGI AIRPORT’S EMERGENCY SERVICE PREPARES ITSELF FOR THE AIRBUS A380AIRPORT EMERGENCY SERVICE


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Aviation Academy. This event was attended byover 100 participants from over 9 countries.

Amongst the topics presented was, “A380Airport Rescue and Fire-Fighting” presented byDr Thilo Stilp from Airbus Industrie, whichgenerally covered the unique fire-fighting char-acteristics of the A380, as well as a first-handsharing experience by Captain S L Leong ofSingapore Airlines, who operated on the A380.The topic on aircraft recovery, especially for theA380 was also covered by Mr Darren Strakerfrom Airbus Industrie.

Apart from speakers in the aviation engineer-ing industry, the airlines as well as suppliers, theAES also fielded 2 topics, covering the proposedenhancement of the mutual aid plan taking intoaccount the A380, as well as a presentation ofthe AES’ unit tactical plan for A380 incidents.

c Acquisition of Fire Vehicles and Sea RescueVesselsThe AES adopts a strategic approach in vehiclepurchasing. Commencing from discussion withvisiting foreign ARFF visitors, expert suppliers aswell as interaction during seminars and confer-ences, officers from AES continuously maintaina ‘look out’ for changing needs in the aviationindustry with regards to ARFF operations. Thepre-decision to purchase a vehicle can be madeas early as 5 years in advance, but still subject tochange depending on the aviation environment.Especially so, if you take into account the com-mon concern of aviation terrorism and ofcourse, the A380.

In previous years, the AES would tend to lookout for ‘conventional’ fire vehicles to replace itsolder fleet of vehicles. However, as the A380requires a category 10 fire protection coverage,the common misconception would be to pur-chase more fire vehicles so that this coveragecan be met. But with the restriction of storage

facility and engine bays for these additionalvehicles, purchasing additional vehicles to makeup for the coverage was out of the question.Hence, a decision was made to replace some ofits ageing vehicles with the ultra large foamtenders, each with a water carrying capacity of12,000 litres, as well as taking advantage of theupgrading of foam to Level B. Thus in mid2006, the AES received four 8 x 8 ultra largefoam tenders from Chinetti, Italy. The AES hasnamed them ‘Tigers’.

As Changi Airport has 2 runways with a firestation to each runway, these 2 fire stations willeach house two Tiger foam tenders. With theaddition of these foam tenders, Changi Airportis now able to provide more than the minimumrequirement for category 10 coverage for eachrunway, taking into account its existing fleet offoam tenders as well.

One of the challenges that the airport fireservice will face in mitigating aircraft emer-gencies involving the Airbus A380, will be thequick access for fire fighters to enter the upperdeck of the aircraft to carry out internal firefighting operations as recommended by theICAO. ICAO also recommends the use of specialequipment for accessing the upper deck tofacilitate emergency evacuation of injured orhandicapped persons. Because of the height of the aircraft’s upper deck passenger cabin, it isdifficult and unsafe to use conventional fireladders for rescuers to gain access to the pas-senger cabin and evacuate injured passengers.As such, the AES has recently acquired twoRosenbauer Emergency Airstairs (one for eachrunway) to assist in passenger evacuation aswell as to facilitate our fire-fighters to gainaccess into the aircraft for internal fire-fightingif need be. These 2 vehicles have the capabilityto extend its stairways up to a maximum height





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of 8.48m, and come with a water tank capacityof 1,000 litres for hosereel operation at the stairdeck.

As the AES has taken the step to onlyincrease the extinguishing media capacity of itsfoam tenders (as compared to increasing thenumber of vehicles), this has provided the divi-sion with manpower savings and at the sametime, having the capability to conduct fire-fight-ing and rescue operations on a new large air-craft. The only increase in manpower staffingwould be for the Emergency Airstairs with onlyone operator each.

Besides the 2 types of vehicles purchasedspecifically for the A380, the AES will con-tinuously be upgrading its fire-fighting fleet to enhance its operational capability in thefuture.

In near future, AES will replace its 12-year oldrescue hovercraft. The new hovercraft will havethe seating capacity of 50 passengers.

d Training Needs EnhancementTo ensure all AES staff are aware of the generalspecifications as well as the fire-fighting tacticsto be deployed for an A380 incident, 2approaches are generally adopted: the softwareand, the hardware approach.

The AES currently makes use of the AircraftVirtual Interior Training Simulator (AVIS) tofamiliarise its staff on the various layouts andcharacteristics of current commercial aircraft aswell as fighter-jets. A recent upgrade was madeto this program to incorporate the features ofthe A380. In addition, while adopting the ITapproach, operational staff are required to passthe annual rating tests on the A380.

Apart from carrying out theoretical training,the AES also regularly carries out live hot firedrills at its life-size aircraft mock-up. To add tothe realistic training for the A380, upgradingworks are currently underway to add an addi-tional deck on the existing mock-up to simulatethe upper deck of the A380. This not onlyallows the operational staff to practise their fire-fighting skills on the mock-up, but also allowsthe fire appliances to practise its tactical deploy-ment and foam discharge skills as well. Not tomention, the newly acquired Emergency

Airstairs can also be practised on the mock-uponce modifications are complete. As before,rating tests will also be conducted, and alloperational staff are required to pass them.

e Joint Training with Mutual Aid Organisationand StakeholdersAs mentioned earlier, a successful aircraftemergency operation can only happen throughgood collaborative efforts amongst the variousdivisions of the CAAS as well as its mutual aidpartners.

Apart from its annual aircraft crash on landand sea exercises, the AES will be conducting ajoint agency table-top exercise in preparation forthe A380 in late October 2006. This will see onceagain the participation of our mutual aid partnersfrom the local police, the armed forces, civildefence, health organizations, as well as otherministries. Through such exercises, the AES willcontinuously review and update its operationplans and procedures as well as its Airport Emer-gency Plan (AEP), which will see its disseminationto all mutual aid groups to enhance emergencyoperations co-ordination not only for the A380,but also for all aviation related incidents.

ConclusionThe A380 poises a whole new set of challengesnot only for the AES and the CAAS, but also to allmembers of mutual aid organizations. Whilst theavailability of financing can certainly do a lot interms of materials, manpower and training needsacquisition, much also depends on the effort ofthe people within the organisation. Having a clearunderstanding and adopting the right attitude inoperational matters in response to this new largeaircraft will certainly fill up the remaining gap,which is much needed in conducting a successfulaircraft emergency operation.

While the A380 has yet to be delivered toSingapore, the AES will continuously be seekingout better and more efficient ways and means toensure its operational readiness can be greatlyenhanced to further meet the challenges of theA380. Where lives are concerned, no one canafford to underestimate the element of risksinvolved nor be complacent with the amount oftraining involved in order to be better prepared. APF





F I R EF I G H T I N GE N T E R P R I S E S

9 Hunting Gate

Hitchin

Hertfordshire

SG4 0TJ

England

T. +44 (0) 845 402 4242

F. +44 (0) 845 402 4201

E. [email protected]

W. www.ffeuk.com

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P. 31 ads 1/1/04 12:15 AM Page 31

Angus Fire, Thame Park Road, Thame, Oxfordshire OX9 3RTTel: +44 (0)1844 265000 Fax: +44 (0)1844 265156 www.angusfire.co.uk

Emergency Hotline +44 (0) 15242 61166

The moment you purchase a foam concentrate from Angus Fire you enter into a partnership with a company that is dedicated to supporting you.

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Foam Ad Revised 13/1/06 9:43 am Page 1

TANKMASTER™ from Angus Fire is thepremier fire fighting foam concentrate forthe world oil industry. A modern high-performance FluoroProtein foam, it wasdeveloped specifically for large-scalehydrocarbon storage tank fire fighting.

Proven performance Tankmaster™ passes the stringentLASTFIRE test with flying colours. This isthe oil industry’s own foam test that simu-lates real-life storage tank fire fightingconditions.

Equipment compatibleTankmaster™ is ideal for use with large-capacity aspirating “Colossus” typemonitors, large-capacity semi-aspirating(also called non-aspirating) monitors, andfixed foam system pouring nozzles. Itpasses LASTFIRE tests in all threecategories. In addition, it has a compre-hensive set of Underwriters LaboratoriesListings for use with storage tank fixedfoam equipment.

MTBETankmaster™ is UL Listed not only onhydrocarbon fuel, but also on the gasolineadditive methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE)and blends of MTBE and gasoline.

Goes the distanceTankmaster™ produces a stable and long-lasting foam blanket that travels longdistances over burning liquid surfaces. Thisis important since the average diameter ofa tank is 60 to 75 metres, with the largestbeing around 110 metres.

Resists intense heatTankmaster™ has a protein-based “skel-etal” structure inside its bubble walls thatprovides exceptional resistance to heat,enabling it to pass through flames andimpact on hot fuel.

Seals against hot edgesTankmaster™ has bubble walls that aretough enough to overcome high fuelvapour pressures around the periphery ofthe burning fuel and seal tightly againsteven the hottest “cherry red” tank shellsand obstructions.

Resists fuel pick-upThe detergent-free formulation of Tank-master™ makes its bubbles inherently fuelrepellant, enabling it to tolerate even themost vigorous mixing with hydrocarbonfuel when applied “over the top” fromground-based monitors. This is crucial inminimising the risk of flashback.

Suppresses vapoursTankmaster™ prevents ghosting andflashover by forming a tough cohesive

foam blanket that stops flammablevapours from percolating through thebubbles.

Protects against re-ignitionThe unique water retention properties ofTankmaster™ mean that it releases waterevenly and efficiently over the wholesurface area of the fuel, cooling the deeplayers of hot fuel and so preventing re-ignition and burnback. This is especiallyimportant when on-scene supplies of foamconcentrate are running low or exhausted.

Long shelf-lifeTankmaster™ does not suffer the storageproblems exhibited by some AlcoholResistant AFFF products. This is because itdoes not contain the viscous “polymer”material that can lead to reduced shelf-lifeand inaccurate proportioning.

Low environmental impactTankmaster™ is based on a natural andrenewable organic protein material. It doesnot contain any of the man-made deter-gent or glycol ether chemicals found inAR-AFFF, and its fluorocarbon content isalso much lower, telomer-based, and

PFOS-free. It is less ecotoxic than AR-AFFF,and its detergent-free formulation meansit does not disrupt the operation of oilseparators.

EconomicalTankmaster™ offers major cost savingsover Alcohol Resistant (AR) grades of AFFFand FFFP. AR foams contain extra ingredientsfor alcohol resistance and film-formation,neither of which are necessary for hydro-carbon storage tank fire fighting.

Quick responseAngus Fire has a proven track-record ofsupplying urgently needed stocks of foamto major incident sites world wide. Wesupport you 24/7 wherever you are based.Simply call our emergency service hotlineon +44 (0) 15242 61166.

The Only Sensible ChoiceThe mainstay of foam technology in the oilindustry today, no other foam combinesexceptional fire fighting performance withvalue for money like Tankmaster™.


INDUSTRIAL FOAMS ROUND UP

Tankmaster™

NIAGARA is an “Alcohol Resistant” (AR)foam that can extinguish a wide variety offlammable liquid fires including hydro-carbons like gasoline and polar solventslike alcohols.

Niagara is also suitable for use througha wide variety of equipment includingnon-aspirating hand-held water nozzles,low expansion foam branchpipes andmonitors, and medium expansion branch-pipes and pourers. The 3-3 grade isinduced at 3% on all hazards.

Easy to HandleOrdinary Alcohol Resistant foams like AR-AFFF contain a “polymer” that canmake them thick and sticky, which in turncan lead to blockages and proportioningproblems. They can also suffer storageproblems if the polymer comes out ofsolution to form a gel. Niagara does notsuffer these problems because it is a “highfluidity” foam that does not contain anypolymer. This means that it is easy to pourfrom drums; it flows freely through pumps,pipe work and vehicle proportioners; andit provides accurate proportioning in allweather conditions.

High PerformanceNiagara is like having three foams in one.As well as being an Alcohol Resistant (AR)foam, its Film-Forming (FF) capability

means that it forms a thin aqueous film onhydrocarbons that races ahead of thefoam blanket to give rapid extinguish-ment. On polar solvents it is fast-actingbecause it does not form a polymer barrier.It is also specially formulated to protect firecrews by preventing sudden re-ignitionand burnback. Its bubbles contain aFluoroProtein (FP) skeleton that makes thefoam highly resistant to heat, and they aredetergent-free and so do not becomecontaminated by the burning fuel. Niagara is manufactured to the higheststandards in accordance with BS EN ISO9001:2000 and is also independentlyListed by UL.

Environmentally ResponsibleNiagara uses the very latest environmentaltechnology. Its main ingredient is naturalprotein that is not ecotoxic and readilybiodegradable. It is free of PFOS, deter-gent and glycol ethers.

For more information, please contact:Angus FireThame Park Road, ThameOxfordshire OX9 3RTEnglandTel: +44 1844 265000Fax: +44 1844 265156Email: [email protected]: www.angusfire.co.uk

Niagara Alcohol Resistant (AR) foam

P. 33-38 Industrial Foam R/U 1/1/04 3:25 AM Page 33

The make-up of flammable fuels is changing asrapidly as the cost of a barrel of oil, yet time-proven fire protection options are still in placeto protect these volatile liquids where they aremanufactured, stored, processed, transported ordispensed. As the world attempts to reduce itsdependence on non-renewable resources, alter-native fuels are taking center stage and thedemand for Class B polar solvent fuels likeethanol will continue to increase.

With over 30 years of experience in foamtechnology; you’ll find the ANSULITE brand onseveral quality alcohol-resistant aqueous film-forming foams (AR-AFFFs). Alcohol-resistantconcentrates are based on AFFF concentrates towhich a water soluble polymer has been added.When these foam agents are applied to a watersoluble fuel, such as ethanol or methyl alcohol,a polymeric membrane is formed between thefoam and the fuel. When an AR-AFFF is applied

to a conventional (water insoluble) hydrocarbonfuel like gasoline, it functions as an AFFF byforming and aqueous film at the fuel/airinterface.

In 1988, ANSUL developed and introducedANSULITE 3x3 Concentrate, the first AR-AFFFcapable of being proportioned at 3% for BOTHhydrocarbon and polar-solvent fuels. Prior to theintroduction of ANSULITE 3x3, a typical alcohol-resistant concentrate required a 6% concen-tration for polar-solvent fuels and 3%concentration for hydrocarbons. This break-through agent was further enhanced whenANSUL scientists developed an exclusive LOWVISCOSITY formula. The end result wasANSULITE 3x3 Low Viscosity AR-AFFFConcentrate and the benefits were numerous… Simple: one agent – one concentration – 3% Low viscosity formula suitable for all types

of proportioning equipment Superior firefighting performance and low

application rates Reduced costs due to smaller tank sizes, pipe

diameters, pumps and motorsToday, ANSUL manufactures a full line of

quality foam concentrates, agent storage tanks,proportioning equipment, discharge devices,and rapid intervention vehicles. Some featuredANSUL foam products… JET-X® Medium and High-Expansion foam

concentrates, nozzles, and generators offerrealistic alternatives to low-expansionproducts… especially in the protection ofLNG applications and aircraft hangars.

ANSUL-A™ Foam Concentrate is specificallydesigned to support the Municipal/FireBrigade market with a product that is highlyeffective for use on Class A combustible firesin structural firefighting and for use throughCompressed Air Foam Systems (CAFS).

ANSULITE® Freeze Protected ARC 3% or 6%Foam Concentrate has an operating temper-ature range from –18°C to 49°C (0°F to120°F).

FLOWMAX® CL Variable Range Proportionerwill proportion and control the mixing offoam concentrate into a water stream over awide range of water flow rates andpressures. Typically paired with an ANSULbladder to turn a conventional sprinklersystem into a highly effective foam-watersprinkler system.

MAGNUM® Rapid Intervention Vehiclecombines maximum speed and mobility withone-two punch of ANSUL twin-agenttechnology to combat flammable liquid fires.

To request more information or to have arepresentative contact you, please visitwww.ansulinfo.com/afp6



ANSULITE® AR-AFFFs Are Timely Solutionsfor Alternative FuelsANSUL® Foam Products Include AFFF’s, HighExpansion, and Class A

100 years of technologyin every bubble Fire protection is too serious a subject to be taken lightly.You don’t buy something as vital as fire fighting foamhoping that it’ll work when and if it has to. You have to besure. Which means selecting high performance foamconcentrates from a specialist source – like Total Walther.

Reliable Total Walther products have been safeguardinglife and property for over 100 years. Our complete rangeof environmentally sustainable, synthetic fire fightingfoams is used worldwide, protecting critical assets inhigh-risk environments.

Part of the global family of Tyco Fire & Security foamagents, Total Walther synthetic foams provide cost-effective, high performance solutions. Don’t play at fireprotection. Choose Total Walther for total peace of mind.

We concentrate on foam so you don’t have to!

Concentrate on foam;we do!

Further information available from:Tyco Safety Products, Industriestrasse 13, D68526 Ladenburg, Germany.

Tel: +49 6203 75 521/2 Fax: +49 6203 75 529E-mail: [email protected]


Since 2000 and 3M’s announcement tophase out their PFOS-based fluorochemicalsbusiness, every year has brought its load ofbad news over the fate of this peculiar classof compounds. But let’s get back to the pastsix years.2000: EPA points out that PFOS and relatedmaterials are Persistent, Bioaccumulative andToxic (PBT). 3M voluntarily stops its manu-facturing. PFOS has been proven to bePersistent and Bioaccumulative worldwide,and has been measured in most livingorganisms, including humans.2001: most foam manufacturers claim thatthey are not concerned about PFOS becausethe fluorochemicals they use are telomer-based products which are safe.2002: EPA raises concerns over PFOA, atelomer-based chemical which is largely usedin industry. PFOA is found in rivers and in fishliver. PFOS is no longer of interest because it isno longer available on the market.2003: PFOA is found in human blood, andclassified as carcinogenic in animals. Thefoam industry claimed – again – that theywere not concerned because they hadstopped using PFOA and had changed to asimilar product based on 6 perfluorinatedcarbons, which would degrade to PFHxA, notPFOA.2004: The 6:2 FtS (H-PFOS) fluorotelomerused in foams is found in groundwater; this6:2 FtS is structurally similar to PFOS.2005: Studies conclude that all perfluoro-chemicals are not degraded in watertreatment facilities, but they end up in water and in sludge.2006: PFHxA is found at significant level inbreast milk in Germany. German politicianspress for a ban of all fluorochemicals. EUdecides to ban PFOS, but does not take intoaccount telomer-based surfactants in theproposed Directive, although fire-fightingfoams are included. This clearly indicates thatthe breast milk scandal has not yet beenaddressed correctly.

Whatever the perfluorochemicals, you willfind that it is Very Persistent, BioAccumula-tive, and potentially Toxic. In spite of this,most foam manufacturers claim that they arenot concerned, even after becoming awareof the results of numerous scientific studies.

Let us now present what is knownnowadays of the fate of PerFluoroSurfactantsused in fire-fighting foams after they havebeen released to the environment.

BIO-EX has been concerned by thispotential tragedy since it was revealed by thescientific community, and has investedconsiderable work in developing fluorine freealternatives.

In 2000, BIO-EX launched a product BIOFOR, dedicated to forest fires, but alsosuitable for urban fires, in order to offer aneco-friendly alternative to fire brigades foreveryday fires.

In 2003, BIO-EX launched ECOPOL, an ARproduct, fully approved to EN Standard1568, for fighting liquid fires.

With these two products, BIO-EX hasprovided fluorine-free alternatives to a largepart of industry.

In recent years, BIO FOR and ECOPOLhave been tested extensively by a largenumber of industrial companies and firebrigades, and have proven successful inmany real fire situations in Europe.

We are all concerned by the presence ofperfluorochemicals, a class of substancesthat are environmentally extremely persistentand widely dispersed. Our blood is con-taminated and women feed our babies withpoisoned milk. We all bear the responsibilityfor deciding to stop this. Now.

more information, please contact:Bio-Ex S.A.S.Tel: +33 474 702 381Fax: +33 474 702 394Email: [email protected]: www.bio-ex.com



Foams and Environment: The never ending story

HeadquartersLiebigstr. 5 · D-22113 HamburgTelephone +49 (0) 40-73 61 68-0Telefax +49 (0) 40-73 61 68-60E-Mail: [email protected] · www.sthamer.com

Branch OfficeKönigsteiner Str. 5 · D-01796 PirnaTelephone +49 (0) 35 01-46 44 84 + 52 40 06Telefax +49 (0) 35 01-46 44 85

FOAMFIGHTS

FIRE

We present a comprehensive range of high-performance and environment compatible fire fighting foam concentrates.

24 HOUR EMERGENCY SERVICE +49 (0 ) 40-736 16 80


As the “Foam Experts” SOLBERGSCANDINAVIAN AS recognises the impor-tance of having the best quality controlprotocols when it comes to making firefighting foams.

Just completing some laboratory teststo see if the manufactured concentrate iswithin the physical specifications, is notsufficient for this company. The smallamounts of some of the raw materialsmake it too risky to rely on these testsalone. They know that although the labresults are within specifications it may bepossible that the foam concentrate failswhen applied to a real fire. To be sure thatthe product will do what it should i.e.extinguish a fire, Solberg Scandinavian hasput into their quality control protocol areal fire test. Using the EN-1568 fire test iscommon practice before any batch offoam concentrate is sent to the customer.Together with the product the customeralso get a Certificate of Analysis where the

results of every fire test can be seen. Thisgives the customer the best guarantee thatthe product which he has bought to attacka fire, can do the job.

Solberg Scandinavian AS uses the samephilosophy with regard to developing alltheir products. For most of the time it isn’tgood enough just to pass an approval test,like EN 1568 or ICAO or any others, theydevelop a product in such a way that if inthe heat of a real situation, things shouldgo wrong, as they often do, Arctic Foamswill always work.

If equipment should fail and inductionsrates fluctuate, for example, from 1% to6%, or if fire fighters are not sufficientlytrained to recognise a problem with mixingthe wrong equipment e.g. using a 250litre/min inductor with a 150 litre/minbranch/nozzle, or if water pressure sud-denly changes affecting application rates,or if any thing else should go wrong ArcticFoam is so reliable and dependable it willalways work.

Solberg Scandinavian are the only com-pany that are prepared to give a certificatethat confirms its foam concentrate willwork even at half critical application rates.No matter if Arctic foam is applied at 2%instead of 3% or 4% instead of 6% it will

still extinguish and secure a class ‘B’ fire. We call this our “Built in Safety”.For the staff at Solberg Scandinavian AS

it doesn’t stop when they pass anapproval, they always strive to ensure thatwhen the heat is on their foam works. Alltheir customers can rest assured that whenusing ARCTIC FOAM products they havethe very best fire fighting foam capabilityregardless of what might be going wrongaround them.

For more information, please contact:Joop RijnboutGeneral sales & Marketing managerSolberg Scandinavian ASTel: +47 563 49700 Fax: +47 563 49701Website: www.arcticfoam.com



Since the early 1900’s, National Foam hasbeen the World leader in developing fire-fighting foam concentrates. As weapproach our 100-year anniversary, wecontinue to create innovative foam prod-ucts that maximize firefighting safety andeffectiveness. As industrial technologiesevolve, so must the foam that protects theindustry. For this reason, National Foamoffers UNIVERSAL GOLD 1%/3% AR-AFFF.Ethanol blended fuels have created a newresponse challenge. Protein, fluoroproteinand AFFF foam concentrates offer inade-quate protection on ethanol and fuel mix-tures containing greater than 10%ethanol.

UNIVERSAL GOLD 1%/3% AR-AFFF hasthe most comprehensive listings thataddress all aspects of storage, blendingand transport of ethanol. It is the mostextensively listed and approved environ-mentally responsible AR-AFFF foam con-centrate available.

National Foam is the only firefightingfoam company that offers you:

• Red Alert – A 24-hour emergency hot-line

• Complete training schools to certify fire-fighters who utilize foam

• Full support to prepare your locationand firefighters for an emergency

• The most experienced technical servicestaff for testing and evaluating yourfoam supplies

• Branches and support facilities aroundthe worldUniversal Gold, the one foam for every

fire, from the #1 company in service.

Contact Information:Kidde Fire Fighting150 Gordon Dr.Exton, PA19341-0695Tel: (610) 363-1400Fax: (610) 524-9073www.kidde-fire.com

Good Quality Control = Good QualityFire Fighting Foam

DAFO FOMTEC ABis a ISO 9001certified manufacturer ofSynthetic and Protein based foams.

Although already offering a comprehensive range ofproducts, technical development remains a highpriority and new product launches are a regularfeature of the business. To constantly bring newproducts to market, DAFO FOMTEC is also commit-ted to an ongoing investment in the upgrading ofits range of approvals.

Among recent innovations is a range of lowviscosity (Newtonian) alcohol resistant foams, bothsynthetic and protein-based. High performancefoams of this type already in use around the worldare Fomtec AFFF ARC 1x1 NV, AFFF ARC 3x3 NVand FFFP ARC 3x3 NV. A new Fluoroprotein 3%effective in MTBE applications is also available andhas now completed its UL approval tests.

We serve all market sectors and can boast aportfolio of prestigious clients all over the world.Customers on all continents enjoy our strongcustomer focus and highly competitive productrange. We do believe that customers should havethe right to a response within 1 day.

A global network of agents, distributors, ware-housing and manufacturing partners provides anefficient logistical infrastructure to support theend-users wherever they are.

We work together with our partners to find theoptimal solution for each project. Being also a man-ufacturer of foam hardware we have the knowledgeand expertise in systems design and equipmentwhich enable us to guide the customer to betterand more cost effective solutions.

Like all major manufacturers we focus on pro-moting high performance products and regardlessof what customer decide on, we always can providea third party approval for the product chosen.

For further information, please contact:Dafo Fomtec ABTel: +46 8 506 405 66Fax: +46 8 506 405 29Email: [email protected]


TYCO’s Sabo Foam-brand Hydral, Apiroland Foamin foam concentrates offering isclaimed to provide the internationalfirefighting industry with an unrivalledselection of class-leading, internationally-approved concentrates for the petrochemi-cals, maritime and industrial markets. Itincludes a broad selection of AFFF[aqueous film forming foam], fluoroproteinand regular protein foam concentratesthat are variously approved to EN 1568-3,ICAO [International Civil Aviation Organi-sation], Underwriters Laboratories and theIMO [International Maritime Organisation].

All are designed to fight both Class A –freely burning material – and Class B –flammable liquid – fires. They can be usedwith all foam-compatible dry chemicalextinguishing powders; their applicationrate is not diminished by the use of saltwater, and they are all rapidly biodegrad-able. All of the Sabo Foam-brand concen-trates can be used with balanced-pressureand in-line balanced-pressure pump pro-portioning equipment; balanced-pressurebladder-tank-type proportioners; around-the-pump proportioners; fixed and portablein-line venturi proportioners, and fixed andhand-line nozzles with fixed induction/pick-up tubes.

The Hydral range extinguishes hydro-carbon fires by direct and indirectapplication, and includes eight 1%, 3%and 6% fluoro-surfactants, hydrocarbontensides and glycolethers based con-centrates. Primary markets include: theoffshore industry, including heli-pads;marine applications, such as deck foamsystems; sprinkler systems; process plants;pumping stations and airports. The twoAFFF concentrates are available in 3% and6% ratios and are certified for airportapplications to ICAO Level B specifications.They are both ideal for the rapid knock-down of large spill fires.

The two 3% and 6% Apirol fluoro-protein foams are also aimed at fightingClass B hydrocarbon fuel fires, such ascrude oil, petrol diesel and aviation fuel,where their accelerated extinguishingcharacteristics – when compared withstandard protein foam concentrates – area major factor in their favour. They are alsoideal for sub-surface and semi-sub-surfacetank liquid storage protection. While both

foams are usually applied at low expan-sion, they also deliver exceptional results atmedium expansion when used to blanketbasins, docks, yards, pump rooms andwater treatment pools.

The 3% and 6% Foamin regular proteinfoam concentrates are ideally suited totank protection, particularly when the foamis applied indirectly. They are also noted for

their very low environmental impact.Tyco has published a series of product

datasheets on the Hydral, Apirol andFoamin concentrates.

They are available by email [email protected], bytelephone on +39 (0)35 205 7011, or by faxon +39 (0)35 454 9005.



Sabo foam offeringsatisfies demand forquality concentrates

...protein fire fighting foamsChoosing the right foam concentrate for your particularapplication can be a bewildering process due to the widevariety of products available in the market. So how can yoube certain to make the right choice? You buy from areputable manufacturer with the experience and expertise todeliver reliable fire protection products to a market thatdemands the best. You can be certain if, when you need aprotein based foam agent, you choose Sabo Foam.

Sabo Foam provides professional fire fighters with a full rangeof protein based fire fighting agents, including durable, film-forming products for use with polar solvent fires. Costeffectiveness is finely balanced with fire fighting performanceto ensure quality is not compromised.

Part of the global family of Tyco Fire & Security foam agents,Sabo Foams are designed to safeguard life and property whenit counts – in a crisis. We concentrate on foam – so you don’thave to.

Concentrate on foam;we do ...

For further information, please contact: Tyco Safety Products,Via Caravaggi, 24040 Levate, Bergamo, Italy.

Tel: +39 035 2057011 Fax: +39 035 4549005E-mail: [email protected]

Web: www.sabofoam.com


TYCO’s Total Walther-brand Towalex foamconcentrates are designed to provide theprofessional firefighter with a selection ofconcentrates from which to choose for ahost of onshore, marine, airport and off-shore applications. In addition to sevenAFFF [aqueous film forming foam] concen-trates, the current line-up includes sixfluroprotein foam concentrates, a freeze-protected, high-expansion synthetic foamconcentrate, and a regular protein foamconcentrate with low environmentalimpact.

The AFFF offering comprises: the EN1568-3 approved Towalex AFFF 1% EN,3% EN and 6% EN; the German DIN stan-dard approved Towalex AFFF 3% DIN;Towalex AFFF 3% EX and 6% EX, and the Underwriters Laboratories approvedTowalex AFFF 3% UL. Towalex MB 15 isthe brand’s freeze-protected, high-expan-sion foam, and Towalex P 6% is its proteinfoam concentrate. The fluroprotein foamconcentrates are: the Towalex FP 3% andFP 6%; the Towalex FP 3% EN and 6% EN,and the Towalex FP 3% EX and the FP 3% UL.

All are suitable for use with balancedpressure and in-line balanced-pressure

pump proportioning equipment; balanced-pressure bladder tank-type proportioners;around-the-pump proportioners; fixed andportable in-line venturi proportioners; andfixed and hand-line nozzles with fixedinduction/pick-up tubes. Typical applica-tions being cited by Tyco include sprinklersystems; oil rig heli-decks; chemical pro-cessing plants; oil and gas storage tanksand pumping stations. The concentratesare also appropriate for use with non-air-aspirating hand nozzles.

Among the many premium-specificationcharacteristics shared by all of the Towalexfoams is their environmental safety andrapid biodegradability. They can be usedwith all foam-compatible dry chemicalextinguishing powders, and sea water canbe utilised without any increase in theapplication rate. The AFFF concentratesextinguish hydrocarbon fires by direct andindirect application. They are cited asbeing particularly suited to sub-surfaceinjection systems, thanks to their resis-tance to the hydrocarbon pick-up effect.Their wetting characteristics also makethem suitable for fighting Class A fires.

The Towalex MB 15 freeze-protected,high-expansion synthetic foam concen-

trate meets the particular demands of firebrigades. When used with high-expansiongenerators, it can totally flood largesspaces and enclosures, swiftly extinguish-ing three-dimensional – horizontal andvertical – fires. If it becomes frozen, it canbe thawed and used without any loss ofperformance. Both it, and the Towalex P6% protein foam concentrate with lowenvironmental impact, which was speciallydeveloped for tank protection, can beused to extinguish hydrocarbon fires.

Tyco has published a series of productdatasheets on the Towalex concentrates.They are available by email [email protected], bytelephone on +49 (0)221 67 850, or by faxon +49 (0)221 67 85 207.



Foam concentrates offeringprovides total solution

TYCO’s Finiflam and Tutogen foam concentrateofferings are being heralded by the company asmeeting the needs of firefighters who areunwilling to compromise on foam quality. TheFiniflam concentrates are designed for marine,airport and offshore installations; heli-decks;sprinkler systems; process plants; storage tanks;pumping stations, and for use with non-air-aspirating hand nozzles. Tutogen concentratesare targeted specifically at fighting Class Bhydrocarbon fires involving crude oil, petroldiesel and aviation fuel.

Finiflam, an AFFF [aqueous film formingfoam] concentrate, is available in six variants:Finiflam A3F 1% EN; Finiflam A3F 3% EN;Finiflam A3F 6% EN; Finiflam A3F 3% EX;Finiflam A3F 6% EX; and Finiflam A3F 3%LU. Allare based on fluoro-surfactants, hydrocarbontensides and glycolethers. The Finiflam ENconcentrates are approved to EN 1568-3, whilethe UL concentrate is Underwriters Laboratoriesapproved. Tutogen is a fluroprotein foamconcentrate that is a combination of fluoro-

chemical surfactants, hydrolyzed proteins andanticorrosion agents. Four options are available:Tutogen FP 3% EN; Tutogen FP 6% EN; TutogenFP 3% EX, and Tutogen FP 3% UL.

Both concentrates are designed to be usedwith a variety of conventional equipment. Thisincludes: balanced-pressure and in-line bal-anced-pressure pump proportioning equipment;balanced-pressure bladder-tank-type proportion-ers; around-the-pump proportioners; fixed andportable in-line venturi proportioners, and fixedand hand-line nozzles with fixed induction/pick-up tubes.

The foam produced by Finiflam concentratesextinguishes hydrocarbon fires by direct and indi-rect application. An aqueous film is formed onthe surface of spills and larger hydrocarbon fires,covering the fuel and preventing hydrocarbonevaporation. Finiflam ensures excellent burn-backresistance, and holes in the foam blanket causedby raindrops or gusts of wind are quickly resealedby the spreading aqueous film. The foams can beused with all foam-compatible dry chemicalextinguishing powders, and sea water can beused without any increase in the application rate.

Tutogen is claimed by Tyco to be the idealfoam for sub-surface injection systems – atechnique pioneered by Skum – due to its resis-tance to the hydrocarbon pick-up effect. It is said

to be ideal for extinguishing medium polarityflammable liquids, such as toluene, xylene,phenol and acryonitril. Its wetting characteristicsalso make it suitable for fighting Class A fires.Among the many advantages claimed for it overconventional protein concentrates are its higherburn-back resistance due to its lower fuel pick-up,faster extinguishing, and improved compatibilitywith sea water. Also, the foam is not damaged byits plunge into the burning fuel, which inevitablyoccurs when the foam is not gently applied, as isthe case with monitors or hand nozzles.

Other Tyco foams include the Total Walther-brand Towalex foam concentrates. In addition toseven AFFF concentrates, the current line-upincludes six fluroprotein foam concentrates, afreeze-protected, high-expansion synthetic foamconcentrate, and a regular protein foam concen-trate with low environmental impact. The compa-ny’s Sabo Foam-brand Hydral, Apirol and Foaminfoam concentrates offering includes a broad selec-tion of AFFF, fluoroprotein and regular proteinfoam concentrates that are variously approved toEN 1568-3, ICAO [International Civil AviationOrganisation], Underwriters Laboratories and theIMO [International Maritime Organisation].

Please contact:Peter KristensonProduct Manager, Foam ProductsTyco Fire & SecurityBox 67444218SE-44218 Kungalv, SwedenTel: +46 70 6444090Email: [email protected]

Industrial foams – newsolutions for old challenges



P. 39 ads 1/1/04 3:45 AM Page 39

FireTrace w/p 8/8/06 10:23 am Page 1


WATER MIST

As a process, fire involves chemical reaction between combustible fuel species and oxygen from the air. The prerequisites of

sustained burning are: Combustible fuel, which can be solid (Class A),

liquid (Class B) or gas-phase Oxygen Heat for ignition Uninterrupted chemical chain reactions

Fire size is characterised by its heat release rate,measured in Watts (W). The order of magnitude insmall smouldering fires (no flames) is 100 kW, aflaming fire that can be approached by a hand-held extinguisher is under 1 MW, and the fire isextensive when it is above 5 MW. As a rule of thumb: 1 m3 of visible flame corresponds to 1 MW fire.

To extinguish a fire, at least one of the four pre-requisites must be removed. Very seldom the fuelitself can be removed, but the three other parame-ters can be affected by different fire fightingagents: Oxygen concentration can be lowered, e.g. by

adding inert (non-reactive) gas into the fire. Heat can be removed, e.g. by wetting the

combustible surfaces.

Chain reactions can be interrupted by adding achemical that reacts with unstable sub-productsof combustion.Fires can be fought by fixed fire fighting systems

and/or manually. Fixed systems are typically requiredto at least control the fire, manual intervention isoften necessary to complete the extinguishmentand prevent re-ignition. The three different fire-fighting terms used are extinguishment,suppression, and control. The meaning of thesewords is different and one should be careful inusing them, so that the system performance wouldnot be unintentionally under- or overestimatedand that the client would not be provided withfalse expectations. The terms can be defined as:

High PressureWater Mist:How the Technology Works

Fire extinguishment Complete elimination of anyflaming or smouldering fire(preventing re-ignition).

Fire suppression A sharp reduction in the heatrelease rate and prevention ofre-growth of the fire.

Fire control Limitation of fire growth andprevention of structuraldamages.

P. 41-44 Water Mist 1/1/04 12:39 AM Page 41

Manual intervention is always required tocomplete the extinguishment in case of applyingsuppression and/or control systems.

Fixed fire fighting systems may be total floodingsystems that protect an entire enclosure by filling itup with the agent, or local application systemsthat protect objects locally.

Water mist as a fire fighting agentWater is the oldest, the most widely used and the most widely available fire fighting agent in theworld. It is non-toxic, environmentally friendly, andin addition: it has superior fire fighting capabilitiesin a wide range of applications as compared toany other agents.

Water has two major fire fighting mechanisms,both related to the evaporation of water: Cooling

When turning into vapour water absorbs moreheat that any other fire fighting agent.

InertingIn evaporation the water volume expands over1700 times displacing oxygen.Evaporation rate of water depends on the free

surface area: water in a bucket evaporates muchmore slowly than the same volume spread as athin layer on the floor. The free surface area canbe increased by splitting the bulk volume intodroplets: the smaller the droplets are, the faster is the evaporation and the more efficient is thecooling and inerting.

Water in the form of mist can have an addi-tional fire fighting mechanism that no other agenthas: Blocking of radiant heat

A dense cloud of small water droplets effectivelyabsorbs and scatters heat radiation.The droplet size has a considerable effect on

the surface area and the number of droplets asillustrated in the following table describing theproperties of one litre of water:

Decreasing the droplet size by a factor of tenincreases the surface area (and evaporation rate)by a factor of ten and the number of droplets by afactor of thousand! Hence, a lot less water isneeded for the same cooling and inerting efficiencythan in conventional water spraying systems. Andadditionally, the surroundings are protectedagainst radiant heat.

Small droplets as such do not guarantee effi-cient fire fighting capabilities: they also need toreach the flames, i.e. they need to penetrate theoutward flows induced by the fire.

The fire fighting capabilities of a water mistsystem are hence defined by(i) drop size distribution,(ii) number of droplets and (iiii) penetration.

The combination of these properties is entirelysystem-specific.

Total flooding vs. local protection withwater mistTotal flooding is possible only in enclosed spaces. Ingeneral, fires are always easier to extinguish inenclosed spaces than in open, and – for water mistspecifically – in enclosed spaces larger fires are easierto extinguish than small fires. Less extinguishingagent per unit volume is also needed in enclosedspaces than in open for the following reasons: In enclosed spaces the extinguishing agent is

contained inside the space around the fire. It


HIGH PRESSURE WATER MISTWATER MIST

Droplet Number of Surface area size (mm) droplets (m2)

10 1.9 x 103 0.6

1 1.9 x 106 6

0.1 1.9 x 109 60

0.01 1.9 x 1012 600

0.1 x 1000 x 10 x


Chemetron w/p 1/1/04 3:55 AM Page 1

does not escape anywhere and, hence, no lossesto the surroundings need to be covered.

In enclosed spaces the fire itself consumes oxygenand helps in the extinguishing process. The largerthe fire is, the more it consumes oxygen and theless additional extinguishing agent is needed.

In enclosed spaces the fire heats up the enclosure.Large fires generate more heat, and the higherthe ambient temperature is, the more watervapour is in the air (up to saturation). At around60°C there is enough water vapour in the air toinert the atmosphere and extinguish the fire. Local protection is applied in large or open

spaces where a full simultaneous coverage of thecomplete area is not possible. In local protectionapplications enclosure effects cannot be accountedfor. In large or open spaces smaller fires are easierto extinguish than large fires. More extinguishingagent per unit volume is also needed in openspaces than in enclosures for the following reasons: In open spaces the extinguishing agent is

continuously lost into the surroundings and thelosses need to be covered by increasing thedischarge rate of the agent.

In open spaces there is an unlimited supply ofoxygen, the fire does not affect the oxygenconcentration.

In open spaces the fire does not affect theambient temperature in the neighbourhood. Ata close distance the temperatures are naturallyhigh but the formed vapour is continuously lostinto the surroundings. Vapour inerting is notpossible in the open space.

In open spaces there are strong, flame-inducedflows outward from the seat of the fire. Thelarger the fire is the stronger are the flows andbetter penetration and higher concentration ofwater mist is needed to overcome the flows

System propertiesAll water mist systems are unique, and their capabil-ities cannot be generalised. There are even severaldifferent types of systems with characteristic proper-ties and hence system-specific installation criteria.

High pressure water mist systems are poweredby constant pressure electric or diesel pumps (pres-sures up to 140 bar) or by pressurised gas cylinders(pressures up to 200 bar). All the drop sizes usuallyfall in the range below 200 µm (see the Note

below). The penetration length may be up to 7 – 8 m horizontally, and even longer distancesmay be reached vertically. The good penetrationalso contributes in spreading the mist throughoutthe space, even past obstacles. High pressurewater mist behaves almost like a gas, whichprovides a superior property: it can replace notonly conventional water spraying systems but alsogaseous extinguishing systems.

High pressure water mist systems have a veryhigh cooling, inerting and radiant heat blockingefficiency. Gas temperatures around the fire dropabruptly within seconds after discharge, and thefire is quickly surrounded by a dense cloud of smalldroplets. The radiant heat is blocked so effectivelythat at a few metres distance from the fire peopledo not feel any heat. The adjacent structures arewell protected, even when the fire is still burning.

Depending on the application, the water mist sys-tems are designed to extinguish (typically flammableliquids) or suppress and control (solid fuels) the fire.

High pressure water mist systems are a majordevelopment in water-based fire protection. Thenumber of areas of application, test standards andperformance criteria, type approvals, and marketacceptance in form of customer references keepgrowing at an increasing rate.

Note: Drop size distributionDrop sizes of a spray cannot be described with onesingle number. A spray always consists of a widerange of different drop sizes, and it can bedescribed in many different ways. An example of ahigh pressure water mist spray is given below.

Three different curves of the same spray areshown: The most widely used curve is the cumula-tive volume curve which is characterised by threenumbers: Dv90 (90 µm), Dv50 (33 µm) and Dv10 (8 µm), i.e. the limiting droplet sizes in such a waythat 90, 50 or 10% of the volume of water is indroplets smaller than that size. The volume fre-quency curve shows e.g. that the largest volumeof water is in droplets of 50 µm of diameter. Thecumulative number curve, on the other hand,shows that 90% of the total number of dropletsare smaller than 10 µm! Already five differentnumbers are given to describe the same spray, andthere are still several others. Comparing drop sizesneeds careful evaluation. APF


HIGH PRESSURE WATER MISTWATER MIST

Cu

mu

lati

ve v

olu

me/

nu

mb

er (

%)

Particle diameter (m)

0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

Cumulative volume

Volume frequency

Cumulative count

Dv10

Dv50

Dv90



866-491-5804 www.notifier.com

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With ONYX FirstVision firefighters can pinpointthe origin and migration of a fire right fromthe building's lobby.

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Using ONYX FirstVision, firefighters and emer-gency responders can make fast, effectiveand well-informed decisions that can reduceproperty loss and save lives. Take your firealarm system to the next level.

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P. 45 ads 1/1/04 12:39 AM Page 45


At present, the fire army takes on the duty of fire protection, fire extin-

guishing, rescuing, treatingemergency and anti-terror inChina. Chemical hazards’ leak-ing incidents are much morethan before following the econ-omy developing. Firefightershave to face to various chemi-cal’s threatening in treatingemergency and rescuing. Her-metic chemical protectiveensemble is to provide protec-tion for firefighters to avoidchemical hazards’ hurting whenthey go into the place where iscontaminated. In order to pre-vent firefighters from chemicalhazard gas’s penetrating Chi-nese fire army equips hermeticchemical protective ensemble. Itcan enwrap the firefighters inthe ensemble completely toavoid touching the chemicalhazards which ingredient is notidentified. Even if hermeticchemical protective ensemble ismade of airproof material usual-ly, gasproof structures are muchimportant for the ensemble toinsure firefighters’ safety.

Gasproof designCompared with other chemical protective ensemble which is not gasproof, there arestructures specially designed at the hermetic chemical protective ensembles’ seam,slide and the joint (between gloves, boots and clothing) to insure the ensemble isairproof in common.

1 SeamThe material of hermetic chemical protective ensemble is multi-ply polymer coatedfabric. Usually its seam can use chemical bond to conglutinate. On one hand the seamon the clothing needs to have high strength, on the other hand the seam needs to begasproof. For some material is inert, the strength of conglutinating seam is very low.Consequently, we use “sewing and plastering strap” method to manufacture theseam of hermetic chemical protective ensemble. It is one kind of seam structure. Firstlyit need to be sewn double stitch between two clothing materials by this way toimprove the seam’s strength. Then we use hot air treatment to make the sewingthread swell to fill the thread holes and plaster two layer of polymer strap on the frontand back of the seam. This structure not only prevents from hazard penetrating

By Yong-qiang Cao

and Yu-zhang Li

Hermetic Chemical Prfor Firefighters’ GaspHermetic chemical protective ensemble’ gasproof design canprevent firefighters from hurting by dangerous gas. This papershows the design about the seam, joint and slide of hermeticchemical protective ensemble which it is gasproof.

Art.-No. 506001

From the Firefighter to the Firefi ghter

Waterproof and breathable by GORE-TEX®,Leg height 28 cm, HAIX®-MSL-System, HAIX®-Climate-System, Chainsawprotection class 1 (20m/sec.),protective toe cap, non-penetrable inlay, reflective stripe, rubber shell sole,Available sizes 36 – 47,Extra large sizes 48 – 50

HAIX®-Schuhe Produktions- und Vertriebs GmbH84048 Mainburg, GermanyTel. +49 (0) 87 51/8625 - 0

www.haix.com

FIRE FLASH®PRO

P. 46-47 Hermetic Chemical 1/1/04 12:40 AM Page 46

through sewing holes, but also insuresthe seam not to break by pulling ofshearing.

2 Accessories jointBecause the gloves and boos are man-ufactured by different company fromensemble and they are not easy toconglutinate on the clothing material,we have to fix the gloves and boots inother method. And must insure thatthe joint at gloves and boots withclothing to be gasproof. It is the struc-ture that gloves connect with clothing.The structure is consisted of two partsmainly. They are fastening loop and steel strip. Firstly, we take fasten loop into theglove and support the glove mouth. Then we cover the sleeve out of the glove. Finally,using steel strip fasten glove, sleeve and the fasten loop. Generally, we will add a rub-ber strap coving the steel strip to prevent it from rotting by hazard. Like the designthat fixed glove on clothing, the joint at boots with trousers is also using fasten loopand steel strip. Their difference is the shape, size of the fasten loop and steel strip.

3 SlideThe slide on hermetic chemical protective ensemble is gasproof too. It is the airproofslide’s structure. The slide consists of inner fastener, outer fastener and two straps.Two straps are made of airproof material and are embedded into inner fastener andouter fastener. The end of the slide is pressurized by rubber. In the figure 3, when slideare shut off, the inner fastener and outer fastener bench two straps into doubleshapes of “Ω” and clamp the strap tightly. Consequently, even if the slide is pulled bygreat strength, it still can insure to be gasproof.

4 Testing of gasproof performanceTesting sample is the whole hermetic chemical protective ensemble including glovesand boots. There are two vent holes on the ensemble to fix the exhausting valves. Weuse pump to fill air into the ensemble through one hole. And there is a water barome-ter connected with the ensemble through the other hole. Before test, we put theensemble flat. Then charge air into the ensemble to make it swell completely. Whenthe pressure reach above 1000 Pa, stop charging and keep that pressure for 10 min.Record the number of the barometer. After 6 min, read the barometer again and notedown reading. Lastly minus two readings obtains the pressure that decrease in theensemble. Pass or fail performance shall be based on the degressive pressure mea-sured. When we test hermetic chemical protective ensemble applied gasproof designdescribed above, testing result shows that mean value of the degressive pressure islower than 300 Pa. Consequently, hermetic chemical protective ensemble’s gasproofperformance can meet the requirement in firefighters’ working completely.

5 SuggestionThere is some suggestion in manufacturing and assembling hermetic chemical protec-tive ensemble proved by the test.1 When testing its gasproof performance, even there is a little air leak at the place ofgasproof structure, the degressive pressure will exceed 300 Pa in 6 min. So thegasproof performance of hermetic chemical protective ensemble must be inspectedafter assembling one by one.2 In manufacturing, when using the double sewing seams like above, the plasteringstrap should be thick enough to avoid hot air treatment breaking the strap.3 Because boots’ material is very rigid, when fixing the boots on the clothing, thereshould be added rubber strap between the boots’ and pant’s mouth to avoid airleaking from that place.

References1. Li Yu-zhang, <The Application of Fire Retardant Fabric in Firefighters’ Protective Ensembles>,[EB/OL]. http:// info.fire.hc360.com/html/001/005/002/003/11466.htm, 2004.4.2.Industrial Technology Research Institute Taiwan, <Selecting Manual for Chemical ProtectiveEnsemble and Gloves>, 1999.

APF


HERMETIC CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE ENSEMBLE

Protective Ensemblesproof Design

Soft nappa leather in the back area of the upper increases the wearing

and climate comfort

Newly developed T-gripEasy opening and closing of the

zip fastener

HAIX®-Schuhe Produktions- und Vertriebs GmbH84048 Mainburg, GermanyTel. +49 (0)87 51/86 25 - 0

www.haix.com

Additional instep and heel fixationby user-friendly TRE FastFix unit.

FLEX ZONE

P. 46-47 Hermetic Chemical 1/1/04 12:40 AM Page 47


iF award

Rewarded with the iF gold award for excellent product design in the category ‘industry and buildings’.

“The design of these tools makes them the lightest, most powerful products combined with the highest safetyfactors on critical parts”.

Reddot award

The G-series was awarded with the Best- of the Best title.

“German design award rewarded to G-series due to fabulous handling and extreme performance”.

The designers society of America

The only IDEA Gold award winner in the category: ‘business and industrial products’.

“Powerful, capable, confident. Exactly the impression you want to project in an emergency”.– Richard Eisermann, founder, Prospect

sponsored by BusinessWeek

G6-SERIES: BEST POWER TO WEIGHT RATIO - MOST POWERFUL HEAVY-DUTY CUTTER - HIGHEST SAFETY FACTORS ON CRITICAL PARTS • EWOTECHNOLOGY: LESS WEIGHT INFLUENCE, BETTER HANDLING, FASTER POSITIONING • ULTIMATEPRESSURE: CONNECT TO ANY WORKING PRESSURE AND OPTIMIZED FOR PERFORMANCE, CONTROL AND SAFETY • ADVANCED BLADE DESIGN:DESIGNED FOR CUTTING THE WIDEST RANGE OF STRUCTURES INCLUDING COMPLEX CAR CONSTRUCTIONS • TESTED TO EN-13204, NFPA-1936, AND MANY MORE IMPORTANT FEATURES

RESQTEC Zumro Asia Sdn Bhd Subang Hi-Tech Industrial Park, E [email protected] T + 603 5621 5298Lot 5, Jalan Delima 1/1, 40 000 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia W www.resqtec.com F + 603 5621 2895

RESQTEC’S G-SERIES: WINNER OF THE THREE MOST PRESTIGIOUS INTERNATIONAL PRODUCT DESIGN AWARDS IN THE WORLD

“To us it is a recognition for the efforts and energy put in by the total team. Rewarded with three golden product design awards proves we have reached our objective for excellent design and engineering.” Axel Maarschalk, CEO RESQTEC Group

G G

Fx

P. 48 ads 1/1/04 12:40 AM Page 48


INVESTIGATION GUIDELINES

At the Accident Site Ensure the safety of persons, animals, and

property (track owner is usually best placed toknow hazards).

Allow police and emergency services access tothe site.

Allow police, emergency services, and thosepersons that may be assisting a coroner toidentify and remove deceased persons.

DON’T move transport vehicles or associatedwreckage unless a dangerous situation makes itnecessary to do so.

Ensure the protection of the environment fromsignificant damage or pollution.

Ensure the definition and security of theaccident site, all scattered wreckage, otherevidence such as track marks, and other infra-structure equipment.

Ensure the management, coordination, andcontrolled access of the accident site.

DO NOT release personal information, such asthe names of the train crew or passengers, tothe public or media.

Photograph, sketch, or record in some way theoriginal state of evidence moved or altered ifthe site must be disturbed.

DO NOT try to restore items of evidence to itsoriginal state unless the ATSB asks you to do so

Ensure compliance with any Protection Orderissued by ATSB.Prior to the arrival of ATSB investigators, record

the observed status of perishable evidence: Security and isolation of locomotive and signal-

ing data recorder information. Signaling infrastructure situation at time of

accident. Marks left on track. Level crossing indications. Weather conditions including wind direction

and speed, temperature, cloud cover.

By the AustralianTransport SafetyBureau

Japanese transportministry investigatorsinspect a derailed trainnear Okayama. The two-carriage train derailed asit travelled through ahilly, forested area, withall 25 passengers andone train driver injured.

Railway AccidentInvestigationGuidelinesEmergencyServices Personnel

P. 49-51 Railway Accident 1/1/04 12:41 AM Page 49

Air brake equipment and gauge readings. Temperature of brakes, wheels and bearings,

track. The position of other trains on adjacent lines. Motor vehicles in the vicinity of a level crossing The positions from which injured persons of the

accident were assisted or deceased personswere removed.

The names, addresses, contact detailsparticularly telephone numbers, preliminaryeyewitness statements, and intended move-ments of any witnesses.

Ensure that data recorders are isolated andprevent valuable data from being lost.

Ensure that data recorders are NOT moved ordownloaded unless arranged by ATSB.

Ensure all secured evidence and other informa-tion is provided to ATSB investigators when theyarrive on site.

DO NOT commence a full or partial site recoveryuntil agreed by the ATSB.

Accident site coordination and securityAn accident site means any of the following sitesassociated with an accident: A site containing the transport vehicle or any of

its wreckage. A site where there is an impact point associated

with the accident if the accident involveddestruction or serious damage to property(Other than the transport vehicle).

A site containing that property or any of itswreckage together with such area around thesite as the ATSB determines to be reasonablynecessary to facilitate the investigation of theaccident and securing the site.

When attending an accident site it is importantto distinguish between control of the site inaccordance with the TSI Act and the ‘hands on’function of site control. The TSI Act and Regula-tions provide the ATSB with the necessary meansto ensure the protection of evidence on and offsite, even when the ATSB is not in attendance.

The Memorandum of Understanding between

the ATSB and the State and Territory RegulatoryAuthorities delegates the ‘hands on’ function ofsite control, in the majority of circumstances, tothe applicable track manager who will act inaccordance with their accredited Safety Manage-ment System.

Once a site has been made safe by theemergency response agencies and/or track manag-er a controlled and agreed basis of access willapply.

The prevention of persons entering an accidentsite is based on common sense, respect forcasualties, protection of valuable and importantequipment and the preservation of evidence inorder to establish the factors that contributed tothe accident and to prevent unnecessary exposureto hazards.

Clear and concise communication between theATSB and the site manager/controller prior to thearrival of the ATSB is vital; therefore, in determin-ing what constitutes the accident site, whatevidence is to be protected and what recoveryoperations (if any) can be started.

Authorization under the TSI Act will be sent bywhatever means is available (for example fax orelectronically) to the site manager/controller. Thiswill allow him/her to secure the site and protectevidence.

For example, a ‘Protection Order’ may be issuedunder the TSI Act for pieces of equipment or partor the entire accident site.

The Protection Order conditions and permissionmust be followed by the site controller. Pleaseregard the exchange of these forms as a routinefunction that will serve the interests of all parties.Again, the importance of clear and concisecommunication between the ATSB and the sitemanager/controller that sets out the known detailsof the situation we are dealing with, cannot beover-emphasized.

In particular, the ATSB regards the preservationof perishable evidence at an accident site as beingof prime importance.

This evidence should not be interfered withexcept in extraordinary circumstances such as


INVESTIGATION GUIDELINES

Once a site has been made safe

by the emergency response

agencies and/or track manager

a controlled and agreed basis

of access will apply.

Ensure all secured evidence

and other information is

provided to ATSB investigators

when they arrive on site.

DO NOT commence a full or

partial site recovery until

agreed by the ATSB.

Clear and concise

communication between

the ATSB and the site

manager/controller prior to

the arrival of the ATSB is vital.

The importance of clear and

concise communication

between the ATSB and the site

manager/controller that sets

out the known details of the

situation we are dealing with,

cannot be over-emphasized.


rendering assistance to persons, animals or making a site safe.Perishable evidence includes data recorder information, signaling equipment and posi-

tion at time of accident, marks left on track and surrounds, wreckage location and so on.Should it be absolutely necessary to alter the state of vital/perishable evidence then everyeffort should be made to record as accurately as possible the original position of thisevidence at the time of the accident.

Unless necessary for the preservation of life or for safety purposes, wreckage should beleft in situ to allow investigators to examine and methodically remove evidence.

Emergency services personnel are often the first at the accident scene.In this instance they will be the initial site controllers/managers until their work is

complete.

During this period it is recommended that the following steps should be taken in orderto preserve and record evidence.

With their permission:1 Define the accident site, all scattered wreckage, and any perishable evidence.2 In conjunction with other emergency services personnel, manage access to the defined

site.3 Record as much perishable evidence as possible. If the site must be disturbed, before

doing so, try to photograph, video, sketch, or record the original state of evidencemoved or altered. DO NOT try to restore items of evidence to its original state unless the ATSB asks you

to do so.4 Record as much perishable evidence as possible, for example:

Signal indications and turnout positions. Level crossing indications. Environmental conditions. Air brake equipment and gauges. Temperature of brakes, wheels and bearings, and track. The position of other trains on adjacent lines. Other motor vehicles in the vicinity of a level crossing.

5 Carefully record, as soon as possible, the positions from which injured persons of theaccident were assisted or deceased persons were removed.

6 Take photographs or sketches beforehand if anything (e.g., removal of deceasedpersons, the weather) is likely to obliterate or alter any marks on the track or onwreckage.

7 Secure the site and any of the transport vehicle’s equipment against loss or furtherdamage.

8 Record the names, addresses; contact details particularly telephone numbers, andintended movements of any witnesses.Make sure that the individual concerned is aware that the information is being

collected for a transport safety investigation and that it will be passed on to the ATSB forthis purpose.

Seek their consent if possible.

The names and addresses of witnesses should be noted and the list passed on to theATSB on their arrival at the accident site.

Preliminary eyewitness statements detailing first reactions can be of value toinvestigators.

Such statements will generally be untainted by reflection, rumor, or exposure to thenews media.

Extracts from “Railway Accident Investigation Guidelines Emergency Services Personnel” by theAustralian Transport Safety Bureau.

APF


RAILWAY ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION GUIDELINES EMERGENCY SERVICES PERSONNEL

Should it be absolutely necessary to alter the state of

vital/perishable evidence then every effort should be

made to record as accurately as possible the original

position of this evidence at the time of the accident.

Make sure that the individual concerned is aware that

the information is being collected for a transport

safety investigation and that it will be passed on to

the ATSB for this purpose.Ph. 630.515.1800 Fax: 630.515.8866

2700 Wisconsin Ave. Downers Grove, IL 60515 USA

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FIRE CONTROL

There are many types of fire control techniquesused in today’s fire service. These techniquesare as different as the periods of firefighter

evolution in which they are used. In this article wewill discuss these periods and the techniques used.

There are 3 distinct phases or periods of firecontrol. These are the pre-fire occurrence phase,the fire occurrence phase and post-fire occurrencephase. As stated earlier the most important periodin fire control is during the pre-fire occurrencephase or prevention phase. Let us examine eachphase and the control techniques associated.

Pre-fire Occurrence PhasePre-fire occurrence is just what it says. It is theperiod prior to the occurrence of a fire ignition.During this period there are many fire control tech-niques that should be established. Without this

phase the fire incident rates in the world would betremendous. The fire control techniques duringthis phase encompass design through planning,detection and maintenance. Here are a few of themost important pre-fire phase controls. Design

The design of what ever is being built is a keyelement in fire control. Buildings and structurescan be designed in ways that will prevent firespread from one compartment or room toanother simply by construction methods.Things such as fire barriers in walls, floors, andceilings are optimal in this aspect.

Using fire proof materials in construction isanother important factor in fire control. Todaythere are many materials being used that willprevent or deter fire spread in buildings andstructures.

By Robert Moore

Texas EngineeringExtension Service (TEEX)

Pic courtesy of TEEX

Fire ControlTechniques:The What and HowIn the fire service one of the key responsibilities of a fire department or responseagency whether Municipal or Industrial based is fire control. Fire control does notonly start once a fire has occurred but should also be a part of fire preventionmeasures taken prior to a fire occurrence. This area of fire control is mostimportant due to the importance of prevention in loss of lives and property. If wecan install control techniques and instill fire prevention knowledge during thepre-fire occurrence phase, then the control techniques needed during a fire willbe much safer, easier and more efficient.

P. 53-55 Fire Control 1/1/04 12:41 AM Page 53

Pre-PlansPre-plans are a fire control technique that isoften overlooked. By pre-planning a structureor industrial facility you will have the knowl-edge and tools to slow or stop flame spreadfaster and safer. Municipal firefighters haveused pre-plans for many years to understandtypes of occupancies, building fire loads, lay-outs, locations of entry and egress, materialstorages, and response routes. All of which arevery important in fire control. The Industrialsector is now utilizing pre-plans to assist themin faster control during fire emergencies. The

Industrial firefighter is interested in the sameinformation as the Municipal firefighter. Theyare also looking more intensely at the fire loaddue to the many different types of chemicals,gasses, and solvents used in their industry.

DetectionThere are many different types of detection avail-able today, smoke detectors, rate of rise heatdetectors, ionizing and non-ionizing, monitored,and non-monitored. No matter what type isused, these are one of the most importantaspects for life safety. As a fire control technique,they are invaluable to response times which arean important key to fire control.

Fire Occurrence PhaseOf course during this phase we already have fireignition and the firefighters have responded andare on the scene. They are in the process of settingup the infamous hose lines to apply water andextinguish the fire. Fire control does not only meanextinguishment. There are techniques that can beincorporated prior to the application of water thatwill help control the fire spread and limit thedestruction while protecting occupants. Ventilation

Not only is the ventilation technique an excel-lent tool for firefighter safety, it can be invalu-able in controlling the fire spread. By creatingan opening above the fire compartment (thearea that is burning) and creating openings inthe lower levels of the unburned areas of astructure this will allow the heat load from thefire to rise and vent out of the structure abovethe fire compartment which will create a draftand assist in containing the fire in one area. Ofcourse if not properly applied the ventilationtechnique can cause the fire to spread tounburned portions of the structure.

Hose Line AttackThe use of water has been a staple in the fireservice. Of course everyone knows that watercan be used to extinguish a fire. Water is alsoan excellent method to control fire spread. Byapplying water to exposed structure the fireservice can prevent fire from extending outsidethe fire compartment that already exists. Thecooling affect of the water will not allow newfuel areas to ignite. As with ventilation, improperuse of the hose line attack can aid in spreadingthe fire to other areas by pushing the fire out-side the existing fire compartment. When usingthe hose line attack, the firefighter shouldalways attack the fire in a direction that willpush the fire towards existing burned areas of astructure. This will prevent fire spread to newfuel areas and hopefully prevent unnecessarywater damage to the rest of the structure.

CAFS (Compressed Air Foam) UnitsFire fighting foams have been used in industrialfire fighting for many years. The Municipal fireservice has primarily used foam in industrialapplications and automobile fires. With theadvent of the CAFS unit the more municipaldepartments are using foam inside burningstructures. The CAFS unit creates a viscous highexpansion foam, using a small amount ofwater. This allows the foam to fill a firecompartment cooling the area and preventingoxygen from getting to the fire thus causingthe fire to die. We all remember the old fire




FIRE CONTROL TECHNIQUESFIRE CONTROL


triangle, heat, fuel, and oxygen – take oneelement away and the fire will go out. TheCAFS unit has allowed firefighter to use foamwithout a large amount of water damage.

Post-fire Occurrence PhaseThe post-fire occurrence phase is the period afterfire extinguishment and the fire department leavesthe scene. Too many times, as firefighters, we getinto big a hurry to leave the fire scene once thefire has been “extinguished”. This is when we getthe classic rekindle or reignition. I personally donot believe there is such a thing as rekindle. If thefire reoccurs then we did not do our job and put itout the first time. Utility Disconnect

When discussing utility disconnect we arereferring to electrical and natural gas. By ensur-ing these are totally disconnected from thestructure it will help ensure that there is not anadded ignition source. These should be discon-nected by the service provider or by qualifiedpersonnel.

OverhaulOverhaul is probably the most important firecontrol technique during the post-fire occur-rence phase. Overhaul starts once the initial firehas been extinguished. Proper overhaul willensure that all fire and smoldering material hasbeen extinguished or removed from thestructure. This will prevent reignition and anunnecessary trip back to the scene.What we have discussed have been basic fire

control techniques. There are many ways to con-trol a fire which brings us to the most importanttechnique of all – Training. Training of firefightersis the essential element in choosing the propertechnique used on the scene. Without propertraining firefighters will possibly create unneces-sary fire spread. Training should start with a goodbasic Recruit Academy and continue for theremainder of their careers. Continuing educationconducted at least annually will allow firefightersto enhance their ability to be more effective whenon scene.

Training Service Providers Regardless of whom you select as a trainingprovider you need to ensure that a few fundamen-tal needs are met. You should start by looking atthe safety aspects of the facility. I am not onlytalking about do they train safely, but what is thecondition of their facility and is it being main-tained in a manner that would promote safety foryour team. The second item to consider is whattype of accreditation, certification, or professionalcreditability does your training provider offer. Youneed to ensure yourself that your training provideris not some “fly by night” outfit that will be heretoday and gone tomorrow. No matter how goodyour training records are there is always that possi-bility you will need to go to your service providerfor records or proof of training. You must askyourself is my service provider going to be inbusiness next year or even ten years from now. Ifyou take these and other related items into consid-eration prior to training you could save yourselfsome potential headaches down the road.

The Brayton Fire Training Field builds upon along legacy of TEEX’s fire training services. In1929, the State Firemen’s and Fire Marshal’s

Association of Texas selected Texas A&M for apermanent fire school, with the first annual schoola year later attracting 196 firefighters from 76Texas cities and towns for two days of drills andground practice. The success of the first schoolprompted the Texas Legislature to officially recog-nize the A&M fire school as an “imperative publicnecessity” in 1931. Under direction of Col. H.R.Brayton, a chemistry professor, the annual firetraining schools quickly outgrew the A&M campusand nearby Hensel Park in College Station. In1960, TEEX took 26 acres of dusty scrub brushwest of the A&M campus and constructed thepresent Brayton Fire Training Field. The 1960s sawunprecedented demand for TEEX’s firefightertraining, particularly for industrial brigades andSpanish-speaking firefighters.

During the 1970s and ’80s, TEEX experiencednew records in annual school enrollment as Braytonquadrupled in size to its current 120 acres. Today,full-scale props ranging from aircraft fuselages to oilrefineries, unsurpassed training and premier instruc-tors combine at the Brayton Fire Training Field toform the world’s largest and most comprehensiveinstitute for emergency response training. Thecombination of the selection of various props andNFPA ProBoard certification classes fits into thecategory of a “qualified” service provider.

SummaryIt is ultimately your decision on how you will plan,respond and recover from an incident. There are amultitude of training providers that can help youto established response protocols and give you thebaseline knowledge that you will need to copewith fire. When selecting fire training serviceproviders it is critical to measure how the trainingwill be carried out and if the service provider canmeet your unique needs. The impact of thistraining could prove to be the difference in youhaving a small controllable incident or making the5 o’clock news. APF



FIRE CONTROL TECHNIQUESFIRE CONTROL

Robert Moore is currentlythe Private Sector ProgramManager for the TexasEngineering ExtensionService (TEEX) – The TexasA&M University System. Priorto TEEX, Robert worked forArco Chemical Company for21 years in fire and safetyand served as the Fire Chief.Robert was one of the 15specialists in the ChannelIndustries Mutual Aid (CIMA)group in Houston whichcovers the Houston shipchannel and adjoiningindustrial area. He is amember of the ASSE and is aCertified Safety Professional(CSP) and holds certificationas a Certified Fire ProtectionSpecialist (CFPS).



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P. 56 ads 1/1/04 12:43 AM Page 56


USAR TRAINING

What is Urban Search And Rescue (USAR)?

Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) originatedfrom ‘collapsed structure rescue training’developed in the United Kingdom during

World War II. In recent years USAR has developedinto a specialised technical search and rescuecapability for the location and rescue of entrappedpeople following a structure collapse. USARinvolves the integrated response of highly

specialised equipment and trained personnel fromdifferent disciplines and agencies.

Structure collapse rescue techniques are notnew and in fact, have been promoted andpractised in Australia for many years. Prior to StateEmergency Services being established throughoutAustralia from 1975, the Civil Defence Organisa-tion was a key provider of structure collapserescue capability.

By Pat O’Connor

Project Officer, State Training Section,Victoria StateEmergency Service,Australia

A Thai rescuer runs infront of a building afterit collapsed in Bangkok,Thailand on January 9,2005. A smouldering six-storey building in theThai capital Bangkokcollapsed on Sunday onto emergency workerswho were trying to putout a fire, according to awitness who filmed theincident.REUTERS/Stringer CS/CP

Structural CollapseRescue: Are you trained to respond effectively? VICSES has recently joined with the Country Fire Authority (CFA) and theMetropolitan Fire Brigade (MFB) to implement a ‘Victorian multi-agency USARtraining project’. This project is intended to enhance the structure collapseresponse capability within Victoria.

Urban Search and Rescue – an integrated multi-agency response capabilityPat O’Connor USAR Project Officer with VICSES’ State Training Section has prepared thisbrief report, which describes Urban Search and Rescue, the objectives of the project and howUSAR relates to VICSES’ role in responding to structure collapse incidents.

This multi-agency project is an important development initiative for all emergency serviceswithin Victoria and should be of interest to all VICSES members.

P. 57-61 Structural Collapse 1/1/04 12:44 AM Page 57

USAR is simply a specialist resource available toan Incident Controller at a structure collapseincident. USAR does not take over management ofthe incident, but blends with local emergencyservices and support agencies under the directionof the Incident Controller, to ensure the mosteffective response is provided.

Do we need a USAR capability inVictoria?Although Australia has been subjected to severalstructure collapse incidents, they have been rela-tively minor compared to incidents that haveoccurred throughout the world. Major structurecollapse incidents in other countries have high-lighted the need for specialist skills and equipmentfor locating, providing initial medical care, andextricating entrapped persons from collapsed struc-tures. It is only a matter of time before Australia isaffected by a major structure collapse incident. Infact, the majority of Australia’s population andmajor cities are in earthquake-prone zones.

In Australia no single agency has the capabilityto cope with a major structure collapse incident.

This fact, together with the increasing threat oftransport incidents, landslides, fires, gas explosionsand acts of terrorism, leaves no doubt that aneffective structure collapse response capability isrequired.

However, USAR is not only relevant to majorstructure collapse incidents. Smaller, less complexstructure collapse incidents can also benefit fromUSAR support. For example, one or two USARteams drawn from local emergency services maybe sufficient to support the response to a smaller,less complex incident.

The diversity of expertise and equipmentrequired for these events can only be achievedthrough the development and implementation ofan integrated multi-agency response capability.USAR provides the framework for this capability.

Interstate and International USARSupportOverseas experience has shown that a major struc-ture collapse incident can quickly overwhelm theresources of a state/territory or country, leading tothe need for coordinated interstate or international


Firemen search forvictims buried underdebris after a buildingcollapsed duringdemolishment inZhengzhou, centralChina's Henan province,January 17, 2006. Theaccident killed oneperson, leaving sixothers injured, localmedia reported. CHINAOUT REUTERS/ChinaDaily

USAR TRAINING


assistance. To ensure that this assistance can beeasily integrated into local emergency manage-ment arrangements, USAR development inAustralia has been structured to conform tointernational USAR standards as used in theUnited States, the United Kingdom, New Zealand,and other countries.

It is essential that the State of Victoria has aneffective USAR response capability and an abilityto provide support to, or to integrate with, inter-state or international USAR support.

Objectives of this projectA key objective of this project is to establish a coreof multi-agency USAR Cat 1 operators throughoutVictoria, able to provide an effective ‘first respon-der’ capability. In addition, this USAR Category 1capability will compliment the existing USARCategory 2 capability within Victoria and ensurethat we are able to effectively integrate withinterstate or international USAR support.

To enable this to be achieved an ‘inter-agencyUSAR Cat 1 training project group’ has beenformed by representatives of VICSES, CFA and

MFB. This group, together with input from eachagency’s operations management sections, hasdetermined the training requirements for a‘Victorian USAR Category 1 Emergency ServicesOperative’, and has developed a multi-agencylearning resource to support USAR Cat 1 trainingin Victoria.

The learning resource is being produced byCFA, however the product will be the result ofVICSES, CFA and MFB representatives workingtogether to produce a best practice learningresource for use by all agencies within Victoria.

Will VICSES support this initiative?Yes. It is considered that VICSES is well placed tosupport the development of this enhanced struc-ture collapse response capability. As VICSES is akey provider of rescue services throughoutVictoria, our experience in rescue and the compe-tencies contained within General Rescue provide


STRUCTURAL COLLAPSE RESCUEUSAR TRAINING


an excellent basis upon which to build a USARCategory 1 capability.

This initiative is considered to be of highimportance from both a State and CommonwealthGovernment perspective, particularly in relation tothe staging of the Commonwealth Games, withevents to be held in Melbourne and some regionalcentres commencing March 2006.

VICSES has committed to this project and willwork with CFA, MFB and other agencies tosupport development of this enhanced capability.

Categories of USAR trainingIn Australia there are three categories of USARtraining.

USAR Category 1Category 1 operator training is primarily aimed atpersonnel who would be the first responders to astructure collapse incident. Category 1 operatorsfocus on the rescue of surface casualties and sup-port the response, resourcing and incident man-agement functions at a structure collapse incident.

Category 1 operators secure the scene, identifyand control hazards, undertake an initial appraisalof a structure collapse incident, identify potentialsurvival points, and prepare for the deployment ofadditional USAR resources.

USAR Category 2In addition to the subjects included in Category 1operator training, Category 2 operator trainingfocuses on more technical and specialised aspectsof rescue. This includes accessing and exploringvoids below the surface where victims may betrapped, breaking and breaching structures, tech-nical search techniques, shoring and tunnelling.

USAR Category 3Category 3 training focuses on task forcecommand and management.

What are the functions of an USARCategory 1 Operator?USAR Category 1 Operator functions include: Identification and use of personal protective

equipment Hazard identification and marking Intelligence gathering Primary surface search and rescue Identification and marking of operational areas

(hot, warm and cold zones) Assessment of collapse patterns following a

structural collapse Prioritising search areas Surface debris removal Interpreting and establishing USAR marking

systems Supporting USAR Category 2 operations.

It is worth noting that following a structurecollapse, the vast majority of survivors are rescuedby bystanders or first responders (those emergencyservices personnel first on scene). This factreinforces the importance of having this USARCategory 1 capability within all key agenciesthroughout Victoria.

Will all VICSES rescue personnel need toundertake USAR training?The discipline known as USAR is very specific interms of task force and team structure, USAR

marking systems and roles and responsibilities ofUSAR operators. Because a structure collapseincident presents specific environmental andsituational risks, it is essential that a significantnumber of rescue personnel undertake thistraining. Failure to identify possible hazards at astructure collapse incident could result in furtherinjury or death of survivors, or injury or death ofrescuers and bystanders.

It is yet to be determined how many VICSESrescue personnel will undertake this training,however there is general agreement that VICSESneeds to have a sufficient number of trainedpersonnel in order to be able to respond effectivelyto an incident anywhere within Victoria.

Who will undertake USAR Category 1training?The Statement of Attainment ‘Participate in a Res-cue’ has been identified as a prerequisite for USARCategory 1 training. As a result, VICSES personnelwho hold General Rescue will be targeted for thistraining program.

Which VICSES units will be targeted forUSAR Category 1 training?In the short term, metropolitan, outer-metropolitanand selected regional units will be targeted forUSAR Category 1 operator training to ensure thatan effective structure collapse response capabilityexists in localities where Commonwealth Gamesevents will be held during 2006.

In the longer term, it is expected that USARCategory 1 operator training will be rolled outacross all regions. As the ‘built environment’ is aprimary determining risk factor, those units locatedin and around urban areas and major rural centresthat contain built structures (multi-storey buildingsand multi-storey car parks for example) will beprimarily selected.

Surrounding units may also be selected if it isconsidered that they are able to support astructure collapse response.

USAR training facilitiesIn order to effectively deliver USAR Category 1Operator training and assessment activities, accessto appropriate training facilities is required. Such afacility typically comprises a rubble pile thatsimulates the surface of a structure collapse site,together with a number of features that assistparticipants to demonstrate competence.

Agreement in principle (yet to be formallyratified) has been reached that VICSES will shareaccess to CFA training facilities. CFA have estab-lished a USAR Cat 1 Operator training facility at theCFA Training College Fiskville. CFA also intend to


USAR TRAINING

Because a structure collapse

incident presents specific

environmental and situational

risks, it is essential that a

significant number of rescue

personnel undertake

this training.


establish USAR Cat 1 Operator training facilities theSouth Eastern Training Ground at Carrum Downsand the Northern Training Ground at Huntley (nearBendigo). It is anticipated that training courses willinitially be conducted at these locations.

Usar Category 1 operator pilot courseAn USAR Category 1 operator pilot course wasconducted at the CFA Training College Fiskville on7th and 8th May 2005, to trial the course and to validate the learning resources, assessmentinstruments and course schedule.

A purpose-built rubble pile has been establishedat the training college using broken concrete slabs,reinforced and un-reinforced masonry and othermaterials, to simulate most aspects of a structurecollapse surface. As USAR Category 1 focuses on‘surface search and rescue’ the practical skillsactivities focus on the use of appropriate PPE,reconnaissance and survey, hazard identificationand control, hazard marking and establishingoperational areas. Search and rescue techniquesfocus on personal mobility on a rubble pile,searching for surface victims, ‘line and hail search’for below-surface victims, casualty handling skillsand victim marking systems.

Personnel from VICSES, CFA, MFB, VictoriaPolice, and Ambulance Service Victoria participatedin the course and were invited to provide feedbackto the inter-agency project group regardingcontent and suitability of the course and anyrecommendations for improvement. Volunteersfrom Knox and Ballarat Units participated in thecourse and a number of VICSES USAR Category 2operators participated as an orientation andreview activity.

Overall the response to the course was veryfavourable, with some recommendations beingmade regarding theory components and modes ofdelivery. At the time of writing, and internaldebrief is to be held followed by a multi-agencydebrief, at which time recommendations from allagencies will be recorded and considered prior tofinal publication of the learning resources.

At this point I wish to acknowledge the supportof the Werribee and Springvale Units for providingresources and support personnel for the pilotcourse, support that was very much appreciated,especially on ‘Mother’s Day’ (sorry about thatguys!).

Implementation of USAR Cat 1 trainingOptions for implementing USAR Cat 1 trainingwithin VICSES have been identified and are beingconsidered. It is expected that both multi-agencyand in-house training will be undertaken. Thecourse is nominally a two-day course, however weare exploring options for delivery based upon

budget considerations and options that will provideminimal inconvenience to participating Volunteers.

Units to be targeted for implementation ofUSAR training will be confirmed by the ManagerState Operations in consultation with the DeputyDirector Operations and Regional Managers. Whenimplementation options have been selected allunits will be advised of the project rollout, andspecific units may be contacted seeking expressionsof interest to undertake this training.

References/further informationFor further information regarding USAR, refer to:Australian Emergency Manual Series; Part III EmergencyManagement Practice; Volume 2 – Specific Issues;Manual 6 ‘Urban Search and Rescue; CapabilityGuidelines for Structural Collapse Response’; EMA 2004.

or:Visit the EMA website; www.ema.gov.au

APF


STRUCTURAL COLLAPSE RESCUEUSAR TRAINING

Overall the response to the

course was very favourable,

with some recommendations

being made regarding theory

components and modes

of delivery.


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NFPA w/p 10/12/05 10:44 am Page 1


COAL MINE FIRES

The emission of toxic gases and coal distillatesfrom these fires are creating environmentalproblem continuously. Toxic gases migrate a

long distance and enter into the dwellings andenclosed surface structures. On the other hand,surface subsidence caused by fire is also damagingthe road, railway lines, office premises and somany other infrastructures. This is a commonfeature of Jharia Coal Field.

In surface fire, heat stored in the strata or over-burden debaries takes very long time to cool itdown in usual process. Since, JCFs being the onlysource of prime coking coal in country; so can’t be

allowed to remain sterilized for a long time.Hence, to achieve the production target from fierymines – a realistic and convenient technique forcooling the extensively hot strata and dealing thesub-surface coal fire has been formulated on thefollowing basis:(i) Surface sealing and compactions, which

includes – covering, leveling and bull dozing toprevent the air access, thus limiting the extentof fire, further and,

(ii) Rapid cooling of hot strata and overburdendebaries using endothermic chemicals andpercolating water from surface ponds. The Central Mining research Institute (CMRI)

conducted a series of experiments to evaluate theeffectiveness of various surface-sealing materials,degree of compactions and efficacy of several

different endothermic chemicals in suppressingfire. This paper illustrates the experimental resultsand provides guidance for dealing fire even in caseof extensively hot strata.

Dealing of fire at South Tisra Colliery Works programme(i) Assessment of the state and extent of fire;

surface thermal profiles were measured usinginfrared heat spy. Temperature varies from 80-350°C and flames were visible at thequarry edges.

(i) Flame suppression and cooling of hot strata;by means of high expansion foam and waterwith or without additives/chemicals.

(iii) Surface sealing and compactions.(iv) Layouts of the water pipelines to get the

required water pressure (>7kg/cm2) for coolingthe hot strata and filling the ponds.

(v) Continuous monitoring of fire area with thehelp of infra red heat spy.

Executions of work programme Flame suppression Surface sealing Compactions Cooling of hot strata by water percolation – a

model approach Amongst several techniques, surface blanketing

and compaction has been found least expensive,relatively simple and most effective method ofdealing sub surface fires in JCFs. In past, surfacesealing was usually carried out by sand, topsoil oroverburden debaries, did not meet the muchsuccess many a time. The main difficulty wasformation of new creaks due to escape of hotgases and percolation of rainwater. APF

By Dr D. D. Triapthi

Scientist, Mine FireLaboratoryCentral MiningResearch Institute

Improvedtechnology fordelineatingshallow depth coalmine fires in JhariaCoal Fields, IndiaFires in Jharia Coal Field (JCF) are causing devastation since last 90 years or so.Indeed, coal seams existing at shallow depth have been mined out unscientificallyin the beginning; caused spontaneous fire in due course. Initially, these fires areinadequately sealed and monitored, so, gradually; they had grown up to thesurface and spread over the region (17.32km2) and affected 41 coalmines.Likewise, fire may apprehend in near future, where, illegal mining is continuing atshallow depth.

Toxic gases migrate a long

distance and enter into the

dwellings and enclosed

surface structures.

P. 63 Coal Mine Fires 1/1/04 12:45 AM Page 63

AMKUS INCAUSTRALIA

DRAEGER PACIFIC Tel: 61-3-9265-5000 Fax: 61-3-9265-5097 Email: [email protected] Contact: Warren LevinDealer/Distributor

CHINA

KINGDAN Tel: 852-2385-0199Fax: 852-2388-5131 Email: [email protected] Contact: Gary WanDealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

SAFETECH LTD Tel: 852-2687-4038Fax: 852-2687-2784 Email: [email protected] Contact: Andy ChanDealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

DELIS TOOLS LTDTel: 64-3-327-4103Fax: 64-3-327-7676 Email: [email protected] Contact: Paul DelisDealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

MEDTRADE LTD Tel: 63-45-888-2131Fax: 63-45-893-0818 Email: [email protected] Contact: Reymond PobleteDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

SUPER PREMIUM CO Tel: 886-2-8226-5855 Fax: 886-2-8226-5856 Email: [email protected] Contact: Will. HungDealer/Distributor

THAILAND

CAMPING EQUIPMENT Tel: 66-2-377-0379Fax: 66-2-374-4108 Email: [email protected] Contact: Yod WatanaDealer/Distributor

PACIFIC TOOL GROUP Tel: 66-2-886-7556Fax: 66-2-886-7585 Email: [email protected] Contact: Dirk BloxhamDealer/Distributor

ANGUS FIREAUSTRALIA

KIDDE AUSTRALIA PTY LTD314 Boundary Road, Dingley Vic 3172Mailing Address:PO Box 682, Braeside Vic 3195 Freecall (Australia): 1800 672 171 Tel: 03 9518 5588 Fax: 03 9518 5577 Email: [email protected] Website: www.angusfire.com.au Representative Office

BANGLADESH

PFH FIRE PROTECTION P O Box 327, Seria 7003, Negara Brunei Darussalam Tel: (00 673) 3 332 519 Fax: (00 673) 3 332 519 Contact: HJH. B.A. Noraliza (General Manager)Dealer/Distributor

CHINA

KIDDE CHINA Product Support & Sales Office, 21/F Tower 2, 88 Container Port Road, Hong Kong Tel: 00 852 2334 2388 Fax: 00 852 2370 8381 Email: [email protected] Contact: Martin Dowson (General Manager)Fax: 03 9518 5577 Email: [email protected] Website: www.angusfire.com.auRepresentative Office

HONG KONG

CENTURION FIRE FIGHTING CO Room A, 13th Floor Go-Up Commercial Building 998, Canton Road, Mongkok, Kowloon Tel: (00 852) 2332 7071 Fax: (00 852) 2332 6145 Email: [email protected] Contact: Johnny Yuen (Manager)Dealer/Distributor

INDIA

VIJAY INDUSTRIES & PROJECTS LTD 35, Chandivali Off Saki Vihar Road Andheri (East), Mumbai 400 072 Tel: +91 22 851 8773Fax: +91 22 852 6067 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.vijayin.com Dealer/Distributor

INDONESIA

PT RANTAI LAUT JI Kemang Raya No. 11, Jakarta Selatan Tel: (00 62) 21 717 90122 Fax: (00 62) 21 717 90607 Website: www.rantai-laut.com Contact: Jimmy Singh Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor

JAPAN

OWEN LTD 2-5-20 Gokou-Nishi Matsudo-Shi Chiba T270-2218 Tel: (00 81) 47 389 5510 Fax: (00 81) 47 385 1763 Email: [email protected] Contact: Mr Masao Oyake (Managing Director)Dealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

INDECO CORPORATION 814 Daewoo, The-O-Plus Building1142-2 Sanbondong GunposiKyunggido Korea 435-040 Tel: (00 82) 31 390 6911/2 Fax: (00 82) 31 390 6913 Email: [email protected] Contact: Thomas Park (President) Mobile: (00 82) 11 726 2248Dealer/Distributor

MACAU

CENTURION FIRE FIGHTING CO Room A, 13th Floor, Go-Up Commercial Building 998, Canton Road, Mongkok, Kowloon Tel: (00 852) 2332 7071 Fax: (00 852) 2332 6145 Email: [email protected] Contact: Johnny Yuen (Manager)Dealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

KINSAJASA SDN BHD 1st Floor, 2298 Pujut 5 Shoplot 98000 Miri, Sarawak, East MalaysiaTel: 6085 665802 or 660423 Fax: 6085 655803 or 655402 Email: [email protected] [email protected]: Roger Ling (Mobile: 6019 855 0360)Dealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

KIDDE AUSTRALIA PTY LTDStreet Address:314 Boundary Road, Dingley Vic 3172Mailing Address:PO Box 682, Braeside Vic 3195 Freecall (Australia): 1800 672 171 Tel: 03 9518 5588Fax: 03 9518 5577 Email: [email protected] Website: www.angusfire.com.au Representative Office

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

KIDDE AUSTRALIA PTY LTDStreet Address:314 Boundary Road, Dingley Vic 3172Mailing Address:PO Box 682 , Braeside Vic 3195 Freecall (Australia): 1800 672 171 Tel: 03 9518 5588 Fax: 03 9518 5577 Email: [email protected] Website: www.angusfire.com.au Representative Office

PHILIPPINES

ALARM SYSTEMS CORP Unit 3205 Summit-1 Office Tower 530 Shaw Road, Mandulayong City Tel: (00 632) 532 0556 Fax: (00 632) 533 6476 Email: [email protected] Contact: Allen LimDealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

KIDDE ASIA FIRE & SECURITY PTE. LTD438 Alexandra Road 17-01 & 04 Alexandra Point, Singapore 119958 Tel: (00 65) 6424 7979Fax: (00 65) 6424 7978 Website: www.kiddeasia.com Contact: Bob Graham (Sales Manager, Fire Fighting Products) Dir Tel: (00 65) 6424 7938 Mobile: (00 65) 9671 1567 Email: [email protected] Representative Office

TAIWAN

SENSOR LTD No. 8-1, Rueiguang Road Neihu Chiu, Taipai, Taiwan 114 Tel: (00 886) 2 8792 9881 Fax: (00 886) 2 8792 9885 Email: [email protected] Website: www.sensorfire.com Contact: Alex Jeng Email: [email protected] Dealer/Distributor


Distributor and Representative Offices

P. 64-71 Dealer/Distributors 1/1/04 3:25 AM Page 64

THAILAND

AB GROUP 42 Soi Ngam Duplee, Sathorn, Bangkok 10120 Tel: (00 66) 2 2871570 Fax: (00 66) 2 2871460 Contact: Phairot Bulpakdi (Managing Director)Dealer/Distributor

ANSULINCORPORATEDINDONESIA

ANSUL INCORPORATEDBangun Tjipta Bldg, Level 3B, Ji Jend GatotSubroto No. 54, Jakarta 10260, Indonesia Tel: 62 21 536 77662Fax: 62 21 536 77663Representative Office

BAUERCOMPRESSORSBRUNEI

BAUER COMPRESSORS ASIA PTE LTD 2 Alexandra Road, #01-03A Delta House Singapore 159919, Singapore Tel: +65 6271 6271Fax: +65 6272 3345 Email: [email protected] Representative Office

CHINA

BAUER KOMPRESSOREN CHINA LTD 707 Block A, M.P. Industrial Centre18 Ka Yip Street, Chai Wan, Hong Kong S.A.R Tel: +852 2595 1898Fax: +852 2595 0878 Email: [email protected] Representative Office

HONG KONG

BAUER ENGINEERING (HK) LTD Unit 13-05/6, 13/F, Tower BRegent Centre, 63 Wo Yi Hop Road Kwai Chung N.T., Hong Kong, China Tel: +852 2151 8211 13 Fax: +852 2418 9139 Email <http://www.bauer-kompressoren.de/sales/bcmail_en.php?id=241>Representative Office

INDIA

MOUNT EVEREST ENGINEERINGCOMPANY A-103 Gokul Arcade, Sahar Road, Vile Parle (East)Mumbai 400 057, India Tel: +91 (22)8202558Fax: +91 (22)8205792 Dealer/Distributor

INDONESIA

PT VICTORY UTAMA LESTARI JAYA Jln, Gatot Subroto Km. 3.5Komplex Rubo Dutamas Block F, No. 6 Tangerang 15138, Jakarta, IndonesiaTel: +62 (21) 552 8424/5Fax: +62 (21) 552 8017 Send an e-mail www.bauer-kompressoren.de/sales/bcmail_en.php?id=120>Dealer/Distributor

JAPAN

BAUER COMPRESSORS CO. LTD10-36 Ryutsu-centerKitakami-shi Iwate-ken, 024-0014 Japan Tel: +81 0197 68 2251 Fax: +81 0197 68 2225 Representative Office

KOREA (SOUTH)

YOUNGIL SUB SEA CO LTD5th Floor, Ilsan Building, 191-1 Poi DongKangnam-Ku Seoul, South Korea Tel: +82 (2)346130003Fax: +82 (2)5294240 Dealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

SK CRYOGENICS SDN BHD No 5, Jalan TP 7/6Sime U.E.P. Industrial ParkSection 26 40400 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Tel: +60 3 5192 4269/70 Fax: +60 3 5192 4235 Dealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

CEBU ERNBRI IMPORT,INC/AQUAVENTURE WHITETIP DIVESUPPLY Ermita Office: Unit 101 Joncor II Bldg, #1362 A.Mabini Street Ermita Manila , Philippines 1000, Philippines Tel: +632 521-0433Fax: +632 522-1165 Website: www.aquaventurewhitetip.comDealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

BAUER COMPRESSORS ASIA PTE. LTD 2 Alexandra Road#01-03A Delta House Singapore 159919, Singapore Tel: +65 6271 6271Fax: +65 6272 3345 Email: [email protected] Representative Office

TAIWAN

MING SHEN ENTERPRISE CO LTD5, PaShih 1 street, DanShui Town, Taipei, Taiwan 25170, Taiwan (Republic of China) Tel: +886 (2) 28095789Fax: +886 (2) 28096189 Email www.bauer-kompressoren.de/sales/bcmail_en.php?id=233>Website: www.3arrow.com.twDealer/Distributor

THAILAND

INTERSOL ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY PTE LTD 160 Rimklongprapa RoadBangsue Bangkok 10800, Thailand Tel: +66 2 9106 445Fax: +66 2 9106 446 Email www.bauer-kompressoren.de/sales/bcmail_en.php?id=235>Dealer/Distributor

BRISTOL UNIFORMSBANGLADESH

MANIK BROTHERSHai Mansion (3rd Floor), 9/3 Motijheel Circular RoadDhaka – 1000, BangladeshTel: +880 2 7100 589Fax: +880 2 7100 386Email: [email protected]: Mr A K BhowmickDealer/Distributor

BRUNEI

DASAPREM (M) SDN BHD10 & 12 Jalan Muara 8/940000 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaTel: +603 550 9060Fax: +603 550 4486Email: [email protected]: www.dasaprem.comContact: Mr Prem R MurthyDealer/Distributor

CHINA

SHENZHEN RUFN INDUSTRIAL CO LTDRM-701 7/F Leaser Tower1st Fuhua Rd, Shenzhen, ChinaTel: +86 755 8399 9581Fax: +86 755 8399 9548Email: [email protected]: Amy JinDealer/Distributor

FIJI

PHILLIPS & SMITH LIMITED10 Akatea Road, Glendene, Auckland, New ZealandTel: +649 818 8048Fax: +649 818 4484Email: [email protected]: www.firemaster.co.nzContact: Mr S HamptonDealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

CHUBB HONG KONG LIMITED3 Hok Yuen Street East, Hung HomKowloon, Hong KongTel: +852 2746 9628Fax: +852 2785 0849Dealer/Distributor

INDIA

FOREMOST MARKETING PVT LTDM-1 Green Park Extn, New Delhi 110016, IndiaTel: +91 11 261 969 82 Fax: +91 11 261 669 61Email: [email protected]: www.foremostsafety.comContact: Mr Vinay KhannaDealer/Distributor

INDONESIA

DASAPREM (M) SDN BHD10 & 12 Jalan Muara 8/9, 40000 Shah AlamSelangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaTel: +603 550 9060Fax: +603 550 4486Email: [email protected]: www.dasaprem.comContact: Mr Prem R MurthyDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

DASAPREM (M) SDN BHD10 & 12 Jalan Muara 8/9, 40000 Shah AlamSelangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaTel: +603 550 9060Fax: +603 550 4486Email: [email protected]: www.dasaprem.comContact: Mr Prem R MurthyDealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

PHILLIPS & SMITH LIMITED10 Akatea Road, Glendene, Auckland, New ZealandTel: +649 818 8048Fax: +649 818 4484Email: [email protected]: www.firemaster.co.nzContact: Mr S HamptonDealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

YEN LEE FIREWELD PTE LIMITED18 Penhas Road, 208182, SingaporeTel: +65 62909890Fax: +65 62961444Email: [email protected]: www.fireweld.com.sgContact: Mr Don TayDealer/Distributor


DISTRIBUTOR AND REPRESENTATIVE OFFICES


TAIWAN

SHENG-TAI FIRE PROTECTIONINDUSTRIAL CO LTDNo 222-2 Sec2, Cheng Tai RdWu-Ku Shiang, Taipei, Hsien, TaiwanTel: +886 22292 1751Fax: +886 22291 1984Email: [email protected]: www.shengtai.com.twContact: Liu Yuan HungDealer/Distributor

CHEMETRON CHINA

CHUBB CHINA1/F Guard Force Centre, 3 Hok Yuen Street East, Hunghom, Kowloon, Hong KongTel: +852-23622632 Dealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

CHUBB HONG KONG1/F, Guard Force Centre, 3 Hok Yuen Street EastHunghom, Kowloons, Hong KongTel: +852-23622632 Dealer/Distributor

INDONESIA

PT DRACOP.O. Box 2, Tambun 17510 Jkt, IndonesiaTel: +62-21-8800058 Dealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

YU-IL#168 Samsung-Dong Samsung Bldg Rm 401 Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, KoreaTel: +011-82-2-565-7121 Dealer/DistributorMACAU

PHILIPPINES

PALMER ASIA INC33 Edsa Bangkal, 1233 Metro, Manila, Philippines Tel: +632 751 7774 Dealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

SEALAND RESOURCESBlock 30 Kallang Place, #06-21 To 24 KallangKallang Basin Industrial Est, SingaporeTel: +65-62968180 Dealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

CHENG AN FIREGUARD IND9/F No. 97 Sec. 2, Nan-Kang Road, Taipei, TaiwanTel: +011-8862-27888349Dealer/Distributor

DRAEGER SAFETYCHINA

BEIJING FORTUNE DRAEGER SAFETYEQUIPMENT CO LTDYu An Lu 22, B Area, Beijing Tianzhu AirportIndustrial Zone, Shunyi District, Beijing, 101300Tel: +86 10 8049 8000Fax: +86 10 8049 8005Email: [email protected]/Distributor

INDONESIA

PT DRAEGERINDO JAYAJl. Benda Raya No.54 DEF-Kemang Jakarta Selatan 12560Tel: +6221 788 41880Fax: +6221 781 0230Email: [email protected]/Distributor

JAPAN

DRAEGER SAFETY JAPAN LTD3-8-1 Tokyo, 2-chome, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135 0047Tel: +81 3 44 615111Fax: +81 3 44 615100Email: [email protected] Office

KOREA (SOUTH)

DRAEGER SAFETY ASIADaejong Bld. #1106, Korea Representative OfficeBang-I-dong, Songpa gu, Seoul, KoreaTel: +82 2 6415 8222Fax: +82 2 6415 8223Email: [email protected] Office

MALAYSIA

DRAEGER SAFETY ASIA PTE LTD14 Jalan PJS 11/18, Sunway Technology Park46150 Petaling Jaya, SelangorTel: +60 3 5635 6460Fax: +60 3 5635 4171Email: [email protected]/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

DRAEGER SAFETY PACIFIC PTE LTDUnit O, No. 150Harris Road, East Tamaki, AucklandTel: +649 273 3160Fax: +649 273 3159Email: [email protected]/Distributor

TAIWAN

DRAEGER SAFETY TAIWAN CO LTD12/F, Kuohwa Building, 868-5 Chungcheng Rd,Chungho City, Taipei county 235, TaiwanTel: +886 (02) 2223-6388Fax: +886 (02) 2223-2258Email: [email protected] Office

THAILAND

DRAEGER SAFETY (THAILAND) LTDChamnan Penjati Business CentreUnit 65/210 25th FloorRama 9 Road, Huay Kwang, Bangkok 10310Tel: +662 6438 701/2Fax: +662 6438 700Email: [email protected] Office

E2V TECHNOLOGIESINDIA

FOREMOST MARKETING PVT LTD M-1, Green Park Extn, New Delhi 1100016, India Tel: 00 91-11-261-96982Fax: 00 91-11-261-66961Email: [email protected]: www.foremostsafety.comDealer/Distributor

JAPAN

CORNES DODWELL LTD (OSAKA) 13-40 Nishihonmachi 1-chome, Nishi-kuOsaka 550-0005, JapanTel: + 81-6-6532-1012Fax: + 81-6-6532-7749 Email: [email protected]: www.cornes-dodwell.co.jpDealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

GODO ENGINEERING CO LTD 1FL. 142-5 Yeonhee-2 Dong Soedaemun-Gu, Seoul, Korea, 120-112 Tel: 822-3141-1236Fax: 822-3141-1270 Email: [email protected]: www.godoeng.comDealer/Distributor

ELKHART BRASSAUSTRALIA

FIRE RESPONSE PTY LTD71 Prince William Dr, P.O. Box 668, Seven Hills2147, AustraliaTel: +61 2 9838 9071Dealer/Distributor

INDONESIA

PT REJECKI UTAMAWisma Geha, 5th Floor, JL Timor 25Jakarta, IndonesiaTel: +62 21 316 2779Dealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

PSL PHILLIPS & SMITH LTDP.O. Box 69-028, Glendene, Auckland, New ZealandTel: +64 9 8184484Dealer/Distributor

THAILAND

GUARDFIRE LIMITED42/2 Teo Hong Bangna Building, Moo 10, Bangna-Trad Road, Bangkok 10260, ThailandTel: +66 2 7467031Dealer/Distributor

FIRE FIGHTINGENTERPRISESAUSTRALIA

AMPAC INDUSTRIES PTY LTD 97 Walters Drive, Osbourne Park Western Australia 6017 Tel: 00 61 892 423 333Fax: 00 61 892 423 334Dealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

HLK SERVICES LTD Room 1111, Tower B, Hung Hom CommercialCentre, 39 Ma Tau Wai Road Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong KongTel: 00 852 23303083Fax: 00 852 23656128Dealer/Distributor

INDIA

NITIN FIRE PROTECTION INDUSTRIESLTD 501, Delta, Technology St., Hirananandani Gardens, Powai, Mumbai -400 076, IndiaTel: 00 91 22 25700392Fax: 00 91 22 25701110Dealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

HI MAX CO LTD Sicox Tower 115-Ho 513-14, Sangdaewon-Dong,Jungwon-Gu,Sungnam-City Kyungki Do, Korea Tel: 00 82 31 769 7698E-Mail [email protected]/Distributor

MALAYSIA

FITTERS ENG.SERVS SDN BHD No.1 Block C, Jalan Dataran Sd1 Pju 9, 52200Bandar Sri, Damansara, Kuala Lumpar, MalaysiaTel: 00 60 3 62767155Fax: 00 60 3 62758712Dealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

AMPAC INDUSTRIES LIMITED P.O. Box 100-149, North Shore Mail Centre Glenfield, Auckland, New Zealand Tel: 00 64 94438072Fax: 00 64 94438073Dealer/Distributor



P. 64-71 Dealer/Distributors 30/11/06 1:57 PM Page 66

SINGAPORE

ACCLAIM SYSTEMS PTE LTD Blk 104 Boon Keng Road, 05-01 Singapore 339775 Tel: 00 656 2990 798Fax: 00 656 299 3735Dealer/Distributor

ALARM SUPPLY PTE LTD 63 Jalan Pemimpin 03-07 Pemimpin Industrial Building Singapore 577219 Tel: 00 656 258 3445Fax: 00 656 258 6428Dealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

HORING LIH IND CO LTD 4F No 18 Lane 327, Chung Shan Road Sec 2 Chung-Ho-City, Taipei Hsien, TaiwanTel: 00886 2224 87599Fax: 00886 2224 07752Email [email protected]/Distributor

THAILAND

F.B. (THAILAND) LTD 75 Soi Rubia, Sukhumvit 42 Road Bangkok 10110, Thailand Tel: 00 66 2 3902445 Fax: 00 66 2 3811197Dealer/Distributor

TEEYA MASTER SYSTS CO LTD 100/101-102 Vongvanji, Building B, 30Th Flr, Rama 9 Road, Huaykhwang Bangkok 10320, Thailand Tel: 00 662 2 6451130Fax: 00 662 2 2488540Dealer/Distributor

GRACE INDUSTRIES,INC.AUSTRALIA

AUSTRALIAN WARNING SYSTEMSPO Box 5040 Hallam, Victoria 3803, AustraliaTel: +61 (0) 3 9796 5880Fax: +61 (0) 3 9796 5885Website: www.warningsystems.com.auDealer/Distributor

BRT FIRE AND RESCUEUnit 4/35 Old Pacific HwyYalala Queensland 4207, PO Box 55 Ormeau Queensland 4208, AustraliaTel: +61 (0) 7 3287 5504Fax: + 61 (0) 7 3287 5505Website: www.brtfireandrescue.com.auDealer/Distributor

CHUBB FIRE AND SAFETY120 Silverwater RdSilverwater, NSW 2180, AustraliaTel: +61 (0) 2 8748 7222Fax: +61 (0) 2 8748 7444Website: www.chubb.com.auDealer/Distributor

DRAEGER SAFETY PACIFIC Axxess Corporate Park, Unit 99, 45 Gilby Rd,Mount Waverly, Victoria 3149, AustraliaTel: +61 (0) 3 9265-5000Fax: +61 (0) 3 9265-5097Website:www.draeger.comDealer/Distributor

JAPAN

TEIKOKU SEN-I CO LTD5-13, 2-Chome, Nohonbashi, Chuo-Ku Tokyo 103-0027, Japan Tel: +81 3 3281 3028Fax: +81 3 3274 6397Email: [email protected]: www.teisen.co.jpDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

VAN PROTECTEUR CO LTDNo. 100, Sec. 2, Rm 207, Chung-Shiao E RdTaipei, TaiwanTel: +886 (02) 2356-7522Fax: +886 (02) 2356-7523Dealer/Distributor

HELMET INTEGRATEDSYSTEMSAUSTRALIA

CHUBB FIRE AUSTRALIA120 Silverwater Road, Silverwater NSW 2118, AustraliaTel: +61 2 8748 7440Email: [email protected]/Distributor

BRUNEI

GLAMCO AVIATION (B) SDN BHDGPO Box 2793Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei BS 8675Tel: +673 2 451757Email: [email protected]/Distributor

CHINA

WUXI FIRETRE SAFETECHNo 8, 2nd Floor, Xian Li Road, WUXI, JiangsuProvince 214021, People’s Republic of ChinaTel: +86 510 275 3771Email: [email protected]/DistributorFIJI

HONG KONG

SAFETECH LIMITEDBlock C Unit 11, 11th Floor, Wah Lock IndustrialCentre, Shan Mai StreetFo Tan Shatin, New Territories, Hong KongDealer/Distributor

INDIA

VIJAY SABRE SAFETY PVT LTDPlot 35 Chandivali Village, Off Saki Vihar Rd, Mumbai 400 072, IndiaTel: +91 22 28475488Email: [email protected]/Distributor

INDONESIA

PT BUMI CERAH AGUNGKomplex Karang, Anyar Permai, Jl Karang AnyarNo 55 /C1-17, Jakarta 10740, IndonesiaTel: +62 21 6246954Email: [email protected]/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

JIN-ASIA CORPORATION889-3 Daedae-Ri, Unghon Myun, Ulzoo-Kun,Ulsan City, South KoreaTel: +82 52 221 9871Email: [email protected]/Distributor

MALAYSIA

DASAPREM (M) SDN BHD10 & 12 Jalan Muara 8/9, 4000 Shah Alam,Selangor, Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaTel: +60 (3) 551 00957Email: [email protected]/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

CHUBB FIRE & SAFETY PRODUCTS3 Fisher Crescent, Mt WellingtonPrivate Bag 9220, Auckland, New ZealandTel: +64 9 270 7234Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SINGAPORE

PROGRESSIVE INDUSTRIALEQUIPMENT COMPANY24 New Industrial Rd #02-08 Pei Fu Building, Singapore 536210Tel: +65 6282 7722Email: [email protected]/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

ALLIANCE INDUSTRIAL SALESUnit 109, Cluster 3, Makati Prime City, 7708 St PaulRoad San Antonio, 1203 Makati City, PhilippinesTel: +632 890 8818Email: [email protected]/Distributor

TAIWAN

SECOROC CORPORATION219 Chung Cheng North RoadSan Chung City, Taipei Hsien, TaiwanTel: +88 2 8985 3838Email: [email protected]/Distributor

THAILAND

CHASE ENTERPRISE (SIAM) CO LTD497 Phrapinklao Road, PO Box 7-67Bangyeekhan, Bangplad, Bangkok 10700, ThailandTel: +66 2 883 2880Email: [email protected]/Distributor

KERR AUSTRALIA

FIRE RESPONSE PTY LTDPO Box 668, New South Wales 1730, Seven Hills, AustraliaContact: Geoff MarchantTel: 0061 02 9838 9044Fax: 0061 02 9838 9071Email: [email protected]/Distributor

HONG KONG

ON MAN SAFETY EQUIPMENT CO6/F Block F1, Hong Kong Industrial Building444-452 Des Voeux Road, West Hong KongContact: Micheal LuiTel: 00852 254 72658Fax: 00852 254 72674Email: [email protected]/Distributor

INDIA

NITIN FIRE PROTECTION INDUSTRIESLIMITED501, Delta, Technology Street, HiranandaniGardens, Powai, Mumbai 400-076, IndiaContact: Vijay ShelarTel: 0091 22 2570 0392Fax: 0091 22 2570 1110Email: [email protected]/Distributor

MALAYSIA

DASAPREM (M) SDN BHD10 & 12 Jalan Muara 8/9, 40 000 Shah AlamSelangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaContact: T.D. MurthyTel: 00603 5510 0957Fax: 00603 5510 4486Email: [email protected]: www.dasaprem.comDealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

PSLPO Box 69-028, 10 Akatea RoadGlendene, Auckland, New ZealandContact: Anne HadfieldTel: 0064 9 818 8048Fax: 0064 9 818 4484Email: [email protected]/Distributor




THAILAND

THE EAST ASIATIC (THAILAND)PUBLIC CO LTD – EAC1168/98-100 Lumpini Tower, 33rd Floor, Rama IV Road, Kwang Thungmahamek, Khet, Sathorn Bangkok 10120, ThailandContact: Patcharaporn S.Tel: 0066 2689 5999Fax: 0066 2689 5888Email: [email protected]/Distributor

KIDDE FIREPROTECTIONAUSTRALIA

KIDDE AUSTRALIA PTY LTDStreet Address:314 Boundary Road, Dingley Vic 3172Mailing Address:PO Box 682, Braeside Vic 3195 Freecall (Australia): 1800 672 171 Tel: 03 9518 5588 Fax: 03 9518 5577 Email: [email protected] Website: www.angusfire.com.au Representative Office

BRUNEI

KIDDE ASIA FIRE & SECURITY PTE LTD438 Alexandra Road 17-01 & 04 Alexandra Point, Singapore 119958 Tel: (00 65) 6424 7979Fax: (00 65) 6424 7978 Website: http://www.kiddeasia.com Contacts: Matthew Grierson: [email protected] Graham: [email protected] Tan: [email protected] Office

CHINA

KIDDE CHINA Product Support & Sales Office, 21/F Tower 2, 88 Container Port Road, Hong Kong Tel: 00 852 2334 2388Fax: 00 852 2370 8381 Email: [email protected] Contact: Martin Dowson (General Manager)[email protected] Office

HONG KONG

KIDDE CHINA Product Support & Sales Office, 21/F Tower 2, 88 Container Port Road, Hong Kong Tel: 00 852 2334 2388Fax: 00 852 2370 8381 Email: [email protected] Contact: Martin Dowson (General Manager)[email protected] Office

INDIA

KIDDE INDIAVijay Industries & Projects Ltd 35, Chandivali, Off Saki Vihar Road Andheri (East), Mumbai 400 072 Tel: +91 22 851 8773Fax: +91 22 852 6067 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.vijayin.com Representative Office

INDONESIA

KIDDE ASIA FIRE & SECURITY PTE LTD438 Alexandra Road 17-01 & 04 Alexandra Point, Singapore 119958 Tel: (00 65) 6424 7979Fax: (00 65) 6424 7978 Website: www.kiddeasia.com Contacts: Matthew Grierson: [email protected] Graham: [email protected] Tan: [email protected] Office

JAPAN


KOREA (SOUTH)


MACAU

KIDDE CHINA Product Support & Sales Office, 21/F Tower 2, 88 Container Port Road, Hong Kong Tel: 00 852 2334 2388 Fax: 00 852 2370 8381 Email: [email protected] Contact: Martin Dowson (General Manager)[email protected] Office

MALAYSIA


NEW ZEALAND

KIDDE AUSTRALIA PTY LTDStreet Address:314 Boundary Road, Dingley Vic 3172Mailing Address:PO Box 682, Braeside Vic 3195 Freecall (Australia): 1800 672 171 Tel: 03 9518 5588Fax: 03 9518 5577 Email: [email protected] Website: www.angusfire.com.au Representative Office

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

KIDDE AUSTRALIA PTY LTDStreet Address:314 Boundary Road, Dingley Vic 3172Mailing Address:PO Box 682, Braeside Vic 3195 Freecall (Australia): 1800 672 171 Tel: 03 9518 5588 Fax: 03 9518 5577 Email: [email protected] Website: www.angusfire.com.au Representative Office

PHILIPPINES

KIDDE ASIA FIRE & SECURITY PTE LTD438 Alexandra Road, 17-01 & 04 Alexandra Point Singapore 119958 Tel: (00 65) 6424 7979Fax: (00 65) 6424 7978 Website: www.kiddeasia.com Contacts: Matthew Grierson: [email protected] Graham: [email protected] Tan: [email protected] Office

SINGAPORE


TAIWAN

KIDDE CHINA Product Support & Sales Office 21/F Tower 2, 88 Container Port Road, Hong Kong Tel: 00 852 2334 2388Fax: 00 852 2370 8381 Email: [email protected] Contact: Martin Dowson (General Manager)[email protected] Office

THAILAND

KIDDE ASIA FIRE & SECURITY PTE LTD438 Alexandra Road, 17-01 & 04 Alexandra Point, Singapore 119958 Tel: (00 65) 6424 7979Fax: (00 65) 6424 7978 Website: www.kiddeasia.com Contacts: Matthew Grierson: [email protected] Graham: [email protected] Tan: [email protected] Office

KIDDE FIREFIGHTING NATIONALFOAMINDONESIA

PT BUDIMAS PUNDINUSAPutra Kalimantan Building, 3rd Floor, Jl. Jend Gatot Subroto Kav. 12-13, Jakarta 12930, IndonesiaDealer/Distributor

JAPAN

NIPPON FIRE PROTECHSea Fort Square Center Bldg., 3-12, Higashi-Shinagawa, Tokyo 140, JapanDealer/Distributor

KOREA

GTN ENTERPRISE#202, Changil Bldg., 682-7, Yeoksam-Dong,Kangnam-Ku, Seoul, KoreaDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

HATTI JAGGUHDealer/Distributor

CME EDARAN SDN BHDLot 19, Jalan Delima 1/1, Subang Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Batu Tiga, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaDealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

IRVINE CONSTRUCTION CORP437 A. Juan St. San Juan, Metro Manila,PhilippinesDealer/Distributor

EQUIPMENT ENGINEERS INCNo. 12 Manggahan Street, Bgy. Bagumbayan,Quezon City, PhilippinesDealer/Distributor




SINGAPORE

UNICORN INTERNATIONALDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

CHENG DEH FIRE PROTECTIONINDUSTRIAL CORP.691-2, Section 1, Nei Hu Road, Taipei, Taiwan ROCDealer/Distributor

THAILAND

BUSCONS INT'L81/4 Arunamarin Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok,10777, ThailandDealer/Distributor

NOTIFIER/INERTIAFIRE SYSTEMSAUSTRALIA

NOTIFIER/INERTIA FIRE SYSTEMSSydney, AustraliaTel: 61-2-9899-4155Fax: 61-2-9899-4156Additional Locations: Brisbane, QueenslandMelbourne, VictoriaRepresentative Office

CHINA

NOTIFIER CHINAShanghai, ChinaTel: 86-21-5027-2119Fax: 86-21-5027-3119Representative Office

HONG KONG

NOTIFIER HONG KONGKowloon, Hong KongTel: 852-2730-9090Fax: 852-2736-6590Representative Office

INDIA

NOTIFIER INDIAMumbai, IndiaTel: 852-2730-9090Fax: 852-2736-6590Dealer/Distributor Additional Locations in India: New Delhi, Chennai,Bangalore, Calcutta, Gurgaon

SINGAPORE

NOTIFIER SINGAPORETel: 65-6271-5503Fax: 65-6271-9961Dealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

NOTIFIER TAIWANTaipei, TaiwanTel: 886-2-2245-7248Fax: 886-2-2245-0927Representative Office

PPS LTD.AUSTRALIA

PETER MURPHY OPEC Systems Pty Ltd, 3/4 Aquatic Drive, FrenchsForest, New South Wales 2086, Australia Tel: +61 2 9453 9077Fax: +61 2 9975 7808 Website: www.opecsystems.com.au Dealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

ANDY CHAN Safetech Limited, Block C Unit 11-1217/F, Wah Lok Industrial CentreShan Mei Street, FO Tan, Shatin N.T., Hong Kong Tel: +852 2687 4038 Fax: +852 2684 2784 Website: www.safetech.com.hk Dealer/Distributor

JAPAN

JUN TAKAHASHI Cornes Dodwell & Company LimitedF-Nissei Ebisu Building, 16-3, Higashi 3-chomeShibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-845, Japan Tel: +81-3-5774-9971Fax: +813-5774-9980 Website: www.cornes.co.jp Dealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

KOAN NAMKUNG Godo Enginerring Ltd, 3F, 219-2, Buam-dong, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 110-817, Korea Tel: 822-396-1522Fax: 822-396-1524 Website: www.godoeng.com Dealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

MAZLAN OMAR TMR Alam Sdn Bhd, G-9 Impian KotaJalan Kampung Attap, 50460 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Tel: +60 3227 35200 Fax: +60 3227 35171 Dealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

RICHARD LUKOMSKI Wholesafe, 6 Main Street, PO Box 40Foxton 5555, New Zealand Tel: +64 6363 7311 Email: [email protected] Website: www.acourt.co.nz Dealer/Distributor

OPEC SYSTEMS PTY LTD Peter Murphy, 3 – 4 Aquatic Drive, Frenchs Forest, New South Wales 2086, AustraliaTel: +612 9453 9077Fax: +612 9975 7808Website: www.opecsystems.com.auDealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

JOSEPH CHOO W H Brennan & Co Pte Ltd47 Loyang Way, Singapore 508739 Tel: +654 9511Fax: +6545246 Website: www.whbrennan.com Dealer/Distributor

MR DANIEL CHEAH Force 21 Equipment PTE Ltd, 61 Kaki Bukit Ave, 1, Shun LI Ind Park, 02-24 S (417943), Singapore Tel: +65 6848 4424Fax: +65 6848 4434 Dealer/Distributor

FORCE 21 EQUIPMENT PTE LIMITEDMr Daniel Cheah61 Kaki Buki Ave 1, Shun LI Ind Park02-24 S (417943), SingaporeTel: 0065 6848 4424Fax: 0065 6848 4434Dealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

NELVEN CO LIMITED14F-6 No 76 Sec 1, Fu-Shing S Road, Taipei, Taiwan Tel: +886 22721 9770 Fax: +886 28773 2047 Website: www.nelven.com.twDealer/Distributor

RESQTEC AUSTRALIA

DELTA FIRE AUSTRALASIA PTY LTDP.O Box 2149, Mansfield, Queensland4122, AustraliaTel: +617 3277 6063Fax: +617 3277 6036Email: [email protected]: Mr Bob GrieveDealer/Distributor

BANGLADESH

MANIK BROTHERSHai Mansion (3rd Floor), 9/3 Motijheel CircularRoad, Dhaka – 1000, BangladeshTel: +880-2-710-0589/+880-2-710-0827Fax: +880-2-710-1331Contact: Mr A. K. BhowmickDealer/Distributor

CHINA

TUNG SHING TRADE DEVELOPMENTCO LTDRoom 1601, Yishang Building, No. 11, MalianRoad, Guang Wai 100055 BeijingTel: +86 10 6339 5834Fax: +86 10 6328 8649Email: [email protected]: Mr Joseph Yip/Mr Roy TsoiDealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

TUNG SHING TRADE DEVE’L CO LTDSuit 906, 9/F, ICBC Tower, 3 Garden Road,Central Hong KongTel: (852) 2578 6088Fax: (852) 2887 6993Email: [email protected]: Mr Joseph Yip/Mr Roy TsoiDealer/Distributor

INDIA

AIR DRIVE EQUIPMENTS CO PVT LTDAman Chambers, 113, New Queens’ RoadP.O. Box 3695, 400 004 Mumbai, IndiaTel: +91 2223678689Fax: +91 2223675229/+9 2223639163Email: [email protected]: Mr Vinod BhojaniaDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

RESQTEC ZUMRO ASIA SDN BHDLot 5 Jln Delima 1/1, Subang Hi-Tech IndustrialPark, 40 000 Shah Alam, MalaysiaTel: 603-5621-5298Email: [email protected] Office

INDONESIA

PT LAVINTA BUANA SAKTI Komplek Rukan Puri KencanaBlock K7 No. 3e, Jakarta 11610, Indonesia Tel: +6-2215823570Fax: +6-2215826676Email: [email protected]: Ms G. Any Nurcahyanti, SeDealer/Distributor

RESQTEC ZUMRO ASIA SDN BHDLot 5 Jln Delima 1/1, Subang Hi-Tech Industrial Park40 000 Shah Alam, MalaysiaTel: 603-5621-5298Email: [email protected] Office

JAPAN

Z-PRODUCE COMPANY 6-3-17, Tanimachi Chuo – Ku542-0012 Osaka City, Japan Tel: +816-6-768-9700Fax: +816-6-762-4837/+886-3-322-3908Email: [email protected]: Mr Satoru HayashiDealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

DAE RYUK TECH CO(4 X 4 KOREA), #BA-1212 Chung-AngCirculation Complex1258 Kuro-Dong, Kuro-Gu, Seoul 152-721, KoreaTel: +82-2-2625 5060Fax: +82-2-2625 5535Email: [email protected]: Mr Sung Dong, KimDealer/Distributor




MALAYSIA


MYANMAR


PAKISTAN

HASEEN HABIB CORPORATION (PVT)LTD27, Nicholson Rd, Lahore 54000, PakistanTel: (042) 636 7222Fax: (042) 636 8855/(042) 637 4041Email: [email protected]: Mr Ata-ur-Rahman BarryDealer/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

BOSTON HOME INC SUPPLY168, Apo St, Sta. Mesa, HeightsQuezon City, Philipines 1100Tel: +632-4123726Fax: +632-4150130Email: [email protected]: Bernard TiongsonDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

BOSS MOTOR CO LTDNo.10, Alley 8, Lane 227, 4 Sec., Chang Hsing Rd.,Lu Chu Shiang, Taoyuan (338) Taiwan. R.O.C.Tel: +886-3-3118199Fax: +886-3-322-3908Email: [email protected]: Mr F. T. ChenDealer/Distributor

THAILAND

ROYAL EN-TECH CO LTD88, Phichai Road Dusit, Bangkok 10300Tel: +662-6691191-3/+662-2436215-7Fax: +662-2411839/+662-2430105Email: [email protected]: Mr Somphop Kongdej-Adisak/Mr PhichitThinsantisukDealer/Distributor

VIETNAM

HIEPHOA EQUIPMENT OFENVIRONMENT AND TRADING CO LTD11, Nguyen Chi Thanh, Dong Da Dist.,Hanoi. VietnamTel: +84 4 7731961Fax: +84 4 7731962/+84 4 7734553Email: [email protected]/[email protected]: Ms Minh Phuong/Mr TrungDealer/Distributor

SEARCH SYSTEMSAUSTRALIA

INLINE SYSTEMS P/L8 Prosperity ParadeWarriewood, NSW 2102, AustraliaTel: 61-2-9999-2696Fax: 61-2-9979-8703Email: [email protected]/Distributor for Search Systems

INDIA

UNICARE EMERGENCY EQUIPMENTLeslico House, 2nd Floor, Prof. V.S. Agashe Road,Dader West, Mumbai 400 028, IndiaTel: 91-22-2-422-1880Fax: 91-22-2-430-6044Email: [email protected]/Distributor for Search Systems

JAPAN

TEISEN – TEIKOKU SEN-I CO LTD5-13, 2 Chome, Nihonnbashi Chuo-KuTokyo 103-0027, JapanTel: 33-281-3033Fax: 33-281-0260Email: [email protected]/Distributor for Search Systems

SECURITON AGAUSTRALIA

AUSTRALIAN FIRE ENTERPRISES (AFE)Mr Mike Donegan, P.O Box 7027Mannering Park, NSW 2259, AustraliaTel: 61 2 43 592 244Fax: 61 2 43 593 301Email: [email protected]/Distributor

CHINA

SECURITON AG, ALARM ANDSECURITY SYSTEMSAlpenstrasse 20, CH-3052 Zollikofen/BerneTel: +41 31 910 13 21Fax: +41 31 910 16 16Email: [email protected]: www.securiton.chContact: Claudia FlueckigerRepresentative Office

SHENZHEN YAOHUAJI CHINA CO LTD Mr Raymond Ng, RM.F, 20th Floor Yong – HuiBuilding, Guo-Qi Building, Shenzhen Tel: +86 755 8212 9863Fax: +86 755 8212 9909 Email: [email protected] Website: www.ywk.com.hkDealer/Distributor

HONG KONG

YIU WAH (KOGARAH) CO LTDMr Raymond Ng, Room 901, 9th Floor, No 113 Argyle Street, Mongkok, Kowloon, Hong KongTel: +852 2781 1384Fax: +852 2782 6652Email: [email protected]: www.ywk.com.hkDealer/Distributor

INDIA

VIMAL FIRE CONTROLS PVT LTDMr Vijay Doshi19/20 Vardhaman Service Industrial Estate, L.B.S. Marg, IN-400083 Vikhroii (West) Mumbai, IndiaTel: +91 22 2578 3335Fax: +91 22 2578 3338Email: [email protected]/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

ROYAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYCORPORATIONMr J.S. Chung, Royal Building, 3rd Floor840-5 Yeoksam-Dong, Kangnam-KuSeoul, KoreaTel: +82 2 567 8881Fax: +82 2 567 8831Email: [email protected]: www.ritco.co.krDealer/Distributor

MALAYSIA

FITTERS HOLDING BHDMr Richard WongLot 2221, Kg. Jaya Industrial AreaMY-47000 Sg. Buloh Selangor, MalaysiaTel: +60 3 6157 6199Fax: +60 3 6157 0801Email: [email protected]: www.fittersgroup.comDealer/Distributor

SECURITON AG, REPRESENTATIVEOFFICE ASIAMr Lewis ChongNo. 19A, Lorong Rahim Kajai 13Taman Tun Dr. IsmailMY-60000 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaTel: +60 3 7725 1699Fax: +60 3 7725 1677Email: [email protected]: www.securiton.chRepresentative Office

TAIWAN

ATLAS TECHNOLOGY CORPORATIONMr David Liu, 22F, No 1 Bausheng Road, Yunghe City, Taipei, Taiwan 234, R.O.C.Tel: +886 2 223 20 556Fax: +886 2 223 16 657Email: [email protected]: www.atlasgroup.com.twDealer/Distributor

GICTEC INTERNATIONAL COMPUTINGCO LTD Mr Franco Lee, No. 49 Goang Shi Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan R.O.C.Tel: +886 7 715 4285Fax: +886 7 715 4401Email: [email protected]: www.gictec.com.twDealer/Distributor

UNIVERSAL PATH DEVELOPMENTCORPORATION (UPDC)Mr Terry Chung, 9F-1, 306, Sec. 1NeiHu Road, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C.Tel: +886 2 8751 6055 Fax: +886 2 8751 6053Email: [email protected]: www.updc.com.twDealer/Distributor

TASK FORCE TIPS, INC.AUSTRALIA

GAAM EMERGENCY PRODUCTS29 Temple Dr., PO Box 211 ThomastownVictoria, 3074, AustraliaTel: +61 3 9466 1244Fax: 61 3 9466 4743Email: [email protected]: www.gaam.com.auDealer/Distributor

CHINA

SHANGHAI JINDE INDUSTRYDEVELOPMENT CO LTDRoom 610, 1 Lane 50, Xin Cun RoadShanghai, 200065, ChinaTel: +86 21-360-50599 Fax: +86 21-360-55599Email: [email protected]/Distributor

HONG KONG

UNIVERSAL CARS LIMITEDUCL House, 374-380 Castle Peak RoadTsuen Wan, N.T., Hong KongTel: +852 2414 0231Fax: +852 2413 6063Email: [email protected]: www.mitsubishi-motors.com.hkDealer/Distributor

INDIA

FOREMOST TECHNICO PVT LIMITEDM-1, Green Park ExtensionNew Delhi 110016, IndiaTel: +91 (11) 2619 6997Fax: +91 (11) 2616 6961Dealer/Distributor




Mumbai Resi./Office: 803, 8th Floor, Bldg. No. 23 C, Opp. Jalvayu Vihar, Hiranandani Gardens, Powai,Mumbai – 400 076Email: [email protected]: www.tca.co.in

INDONESIA

PT PALMAS ENTRACOJl. Krekot 85, Jakarta-Pusat, IndonesiaTel: +62 (21) 384 1681Fax: +62 (21) 380 2660Email: [email protected]/Distributor

JAPAN

YONE CORPORATION23, Nishinakaai-ChoNishinokyo, Nakagyo-Ku, Kyoto 604, JapanTel: +81 (7) 582-11185Fax: +81 (7) 580-12263Email: [email protected]: www.yone-co.co.jpDealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

SHILLA FIRE CO LTD433-11 Non Hon-DongNam Dong-Gu, Inchon City 405-300South KoreaTel: +82-02-3665 9011Fax: +82-02-3663 9113Email: [email protected]: www.firekorea.comDealer/Distributor

MACAU

CME EDARAN SDN BHDLot 19, Jalan Delima 1/1Subang Hi-Tech industrial Park, Batu Tiga, 4000Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaTel: +60 (3) 56331188Fax: +60 (3) 56343838Email: [email protected]/Distributor

PHILIPPINES

ALLIANCE INDUSTRIAL SALESUnit 109 Cluster 3Makati Prime City, 7708 St. Paul Rd.Brgy San Antonio, Makati City, PhilippinesTel: +63 (2) 897-2037Fax: +63 (2) 896-0083Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SINGAPORE

S.K. FIRE PTE LTD8 Tuas Drive 2, Singapore 638643, SingaporeTel: +65 6862 3155Fax: +65 6862 0273Email: [email protected]: www.skfire.comDealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

YONE CORPORATION23, Nishinakaai-Cho, NishinokyoNakagyo-Ku, Kyoto 604, JapanTel: +81 (7) 582-11185 Fax¨ +81 (7) 580-12263Email: [email protected]: www.yone-co.co.jpDealer/Distributor

THAILAND

SEAT PATTAYA CO LTD138/74, 18th Floor, Jewellery Centre, Nares Road, Siphraya, Bangrak, Bangkok 10500, ThailandTel: +66 (2) 267 3273Fax: +66 (2) 267-3280Email: [email protected]/Distributor

TYCO FIRE &SECURITYINDONESIA

TYCO FIRE & SECURITYPt. ODG Wormald IndonesiaJ1. Let Jen. TB. Simatupang no. 150 BTanjung Barat, Jagakarsa, Jakarta, 12530Representative Office

VETROTECH JAPAN

SAINT-GOBAIN HANGLAS (JAPAN) K.K.Mr Sadahiro Inada, 6F/L Saint-Gobain Bldg3-7, Kojimachi, Chiyoda-Ku, J-Tokyo 102-0083Tel: +81 3 5275 08 63Fax: +81 3 5275 0913Email: [email protected] Website: www.vetrotech.comRepresentative Office

KOREA (SOUTH)

HANKUK PROCESSED GLASS INCMr Jung Soo Park585-14, Gajwa-Dong, Incheon, 404-250, Seo-GuSeoul/South KoreaTel: +82 32 580 04 07Fax: +82 32 579 04 30Email: [email protected]: www.hanglas.co.krDealer/Distributor

NEW ZEALAND

ADAMS STEELGUARD LTDMr Graeme Knowles137 Sunnybrae Rd., Glenfield, Auckland, New ZealandTel: 649-443-2722Fax: 649-443-7877Email: [email protected]: www.steelguard.co.nzDealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

SAINT-GOBAIN (SINGAPORE) PTE LTDMr Elsen Chan, 15 Beach Road, #04-01 Beach Centre, Singapore 189677Tel: +65 63372276Fax: +65 63372247Email: [email protected] Website: www.saint-gobain.com Dealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

INEX BUILDING MATERIALS &INSTALLATION CO LTDMr William Chen4F. No. 219, Sec. 1, Tunhwa S. Rd., Taipei, TaiwanTel: 886-2-2740 3475Fax: 886-2-2740 3479Email: [email protected]: www.inex.twmail.netDealer/Distributor

WATEROUS COMPANYAUSTRALIA

PUMPS DOWN UNDER T/AWATEROUS AUSTRALIA Mr. Barry Coe, 22 Longmorn Crescent Carrara, Queensland 4211, Australia Tel: +61 0 7 552 28930Fax: +61 0 7 552 2830Email: [email protected] Office

INDONESIA

PT ASTANITA SUKSES APINDOMr. Endy JI. Balet A/6, Kelapa GadingJakarta Utara 14240, IndonesiaTel: +62 21 4584 1590Fax: +62 21 4584 1591Email: [email protected]/Distributor

MALAYSIA

Q&Q TECH SUPPLYMr. Abd Tarmidzi MoisManaging DirectorLot 2148, Jalan 3/10Bandar Baru SG. Buloh4700 SG. BulohSelangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaTel: +60 (0) 3 6156 8373Fax: +60 (0) 3 6156 8373Email: [email protected]/Distributor

SINGAPORE

FABRISTEELMr. Marcus Yap, Manager, 9 Tuas Avenue 10Singapore 639133Tel: +65 6861 5988Fax: +65 6861 5988Email: [email protected]/Distributor

WOLF SAFETY LAMPAUSTRALIA

WHYTE-HALL (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTDUnit 2, 81-83 Station RoadSeven Hills, NSW 2147, Australia Contact: Matthew MacRaeEmail: [email protected] Tel: +612 9838 4420Fax: +612 9838 4460Website: www.whyte-hall.comDealer/Distributor

JAPAN

PLUS ALPHA CORPORATION5-9-12-608 Magamoto Minami-KuSaitama City, Saitama, 336-0033 JapanContact: Mr R HashimotoEmail: [email protected]: +81 48 865 7784Fax: +81 48 865 7784Dealer/Distributor

KOREA (SOUTH)

DAE MYUNG CORP368-1 Gupyeong-Dong Saha-Gu, Pusan, Korea Contact: Mr Jung Won LeeEmail: [email protected]: +82 51 261 0035Fax: +82 51 264 0081Dealer/Distributor

SINGAPORE

WINDSOR MARINE PTE LTD28 Joo Koon Circle, Singapore 629057Contact Mr Michael LimEmail: [email protected]: +65 6349 1930Fax: +65 6778 6882Dealer/Distributor

TAIWAN

POLICO INTERNATIONAL CORP3F, No. 43 Fuguo Road (Shin-Lin), Taipei, TaiwanContact: Mr C.T. HuangTel: +8862 8866 1003Fax: +88862 8866 5479Email: [email protected]/Distributor





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MDM Publishing Ltd.

Amkus, Inc 51

Angus Fire – A Kidde Company 32

Ansul, Inc. OBC

Bacou-Dalloz Protective Apparel 14

Bauer Compressors Asia Pte Ltd. 19

Bio-Ex 39

Bristol Uniforms Ltd. 29

Chemetron Fire Systems 43

Dafo Fomtec 39

Draeger Safety Asia Pte Ltd. 24

Dr. Sthamer Hamburg 35

Du Pont Fluoroproducts 27

E2V Technologies 21

Elkhart Brass Mfg Co Inc 52

Fire Fighting Enterprises 31

Firetrace International 40

GB Solo 11

Grace Industries 44

Haix Schuhe 46-47

Haztec International Ltd. 04

Helmet Integrated Systems Ltd. 20

Honeywell Fire Systems 44

Kidde Fire Fighting – National Foam 17

Lancier Hydraulik Co. KG 48

NFPA 62

OCV Fire Protection Control Valves 02

Plastika Akrapovic Buzet 23

PPS Ltd. 39

Resqtec Zumro Asia Sdn Bhd 48

Search Systems, Inc. 59 & 61

Securiton AG 31

Task Force Tips, Inc. IFC

Texas A & M Emergency Services Training Institute 56

Tyco Safety Products – Sabo Foam 37

Tyco Safety Products – TWFL 34

Vetrotech Saint Gobain International AG IBC

Wolf Safety Lamp Company 29

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– Close to you in your everyday life –

Architect: Benoist architectes

VETROTECH SAINT-GOBAINHONG KONG LtdUnit 901, 9/F, Austin TowerNo. 152 Austin RoadTsimshatsui, Kowloon, Hong KongPhone +852 2878 1883Fax +852 2878 7333www.vetrotech.com

KENZO – LVMH, ParisArchitect: Ory

TRENDS IN FIRE-RATEDGLASS DESIGNAs a specialists in fi re rated glass products, Vetrotech Saint-Gobain is recognized worldwide as an industry leader. Working with Vetrotech Saint-Gobain you will benefi t from the Saint-Gobain group’sglobal network of research and development facilities, producing the industry’s broadest range of clear fi re rated glass and heat absorbing laminates.

Architecture today demands fi re glass solutions that fulfi l both the high demands of design and multifunctional usage, which has been achieved by the Vetrotech Saint-Gobain products. They can easily be combined with all Saint-Gobain products, from ornamental glass like Masterglass etched and printed glass, to fl oor applications.In combination with the Saint-Gobain Glass Comfort, Design, Vision, System and Protect product families, they open up new creative possibilities as well as high levels of safety.

Forum Point-P, Paris 17 ème, SGG CONTRAFLAM®

FUEL STORAGE/HANDLING OFFSHORE/MARINE AVIATION MANUFACTURING

For that matter, advanced ANSUL Firefighting Foams protect flammable liquids wherever they are

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High- Expansion, flouroprotein and protein — is the result of extensive research, development and testing

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ANSUL Firefighting Foams. No matter how you spell it, it comes out P-R-O-T-E-C-T-I-O-N.

JUST A FEW OF THE PLACES ANSUL® FOAM MAKES PERFECT SENSE.

www.ansulinfo.com/apf6

AD No 2006-4-Ox.qxd 28/11/06 3:00 pm Page 1

APF Issue 20

Documents

Transcript of APF Issue 20