GMAT

Practice test 3MATHS

1. If a basketball team scores an average (arithmetic mean) of points per game for games and then scores points in its next game, what is the team’s average score for the games?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

y

2- Q(3;2)

1-

O x – 1 1 2 3 – 1- P

2. In the figure above, the point on segment PQ that is twice as far from P as from Q is

(A) ( 3 ; 1 )(B) ( 2 ; 1 )(C) ( 2 ; – 1 )(D) ( 1.5 ; 1.5 )(E) ( 1 ; 0 )

3. In a certain group of people, the average (arithmetic mean) I.Q. of the males is 128 and that of the females is 136. What is the average I.Q. of the people in the group?

(1) The group contains twice as many females as males.

(2) The group contains 10 more females than males.

4. If is an integer, is an integer?

(1) The average (arithmetic mean) of and is not an integer.

(2)

5. In 10 years Kyle will be as old as Cindy is now. Thirty years ago Cindy was twice Kyle’s age. How old is Kyle?

(A) 20(B) 30(C) 40(D) 50(E) 60

6. If the number of calculators sold per week varies with the price in dollars according to the equation

, what would be the total weekly revenue from the sale of $10 calculators?

(A) $100(B) $300(C) $1,000(D) $2,800(E) $3,000

7. Bill has enough money to buy 9 bottles of water. If each bottle costs 2 cents less, Bill could buy one more bottle. How much money does Bill have to spend on water?

(A) $20(B) $2.00(C) $1.80(D) $0.18(E) $0.20

8. A rectangular sheet metal was folded along its width so that the edges meet to form a cylindrical tube, with the length of the sheet metal as the height of the tube. If the radius of each

circular end was inches, what was

the width, in inches, of the rectangular sheet metal?

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(A) 12(B) 16(C) 20(D) 24(E) 28

9. What was the amount of money donated to a certain charity?

(1) Of the amount donated, 40 percent came from corporate donations.

(2) Of the amount donated, $1.5 million came from noncorporate donations.

10. A hiker walked for two days. On the second day the hiker walked two hours longer and at an average speed 1 mile per hour faster than he did on day 1. If during the two days, he walked a total of 64 miles and spent a total of 18 hours walking, what was the average speed on the first day?

(A) 2 MPH(B) 3 MPH(C) 4 MPH(D) 5 MPH(E) 6 MPH

11. When the integer k is divided by 12, the remainder is 3. Which of the following when divided by 12 will have a remainder of 6 ?

I. 2kII. 6kIII. 4k + 6

(A) I only(B) II only(C) III only(D) I and II only(E) I, II, and III

12. During the second quarter of 1984, a total of 2,976,000 domestic cars were sold. If this was 24 percent greater than the number sold during the first quarter of 1984, how many cars were sold during the first quarter?

(A) 714,240(B) 2,261,760(C) 2,400,000(D) 3,690,240(E) 3,915,790

13. The perimeter of a rectangular garden is 360 feet. What is the length of the garden?

(1) The length of the garden is twice the width.

(2) The difference between the length and width of the garden is 60 feet.

d14. If , what is the value of ?

(1)

(2)c15. A 3-member rowing team is to be

selected from 4 men and 5 women. In how many different ways can the 3-member team be formed subject to the requirement that the team has at least one woman in it?

(A) 20(B) 80(C) 100(D) 400(E) 528

16. If Jill’s average (arithmetic mean) score for three games of bowling was 168, what was her lowest score?

(1) Jill’s highest score was 204.(2) The sum of Jill’s two highest

scores was 364.b17. If u > t , r > q , s > t , and t > r, then

which of the following conditions must be true?

I. u > sII. s > qIII. u > rIV. t > q

(A) I, II, III, and IV(B) II, III, and IV only(C) III and IV only(D) I and II only(E) IV only

18. If x > 3 and y > –1, then

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(A) x < 3y(B) –x < 3y(C) xy < –3(D) –x > 3y(E) x > 3y

19. Tom reads at an average rate of 300 pages per hour, while Jan reads at an average rate of 400 pages per hour. If Tom starts reading a novel at 4:30, and Jan begins reading an identical copy of the same book at 5:20, at what time will they be reading the same page?

(A) 9:30(B) 9:00(C) 8:40(D) 7:50(E) 7:00

20. A train travels 15 miles per ton of coal when it is unloaded. When the train is fully loaded, it travels 80% as far on a ton of coal as it does when unloaded. If the train is fully loaded, how many tons will the train use to travel 80 miles?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

21. Which of the following describes all values of for which ?

(A)(B)(C)(D) or (E)

22. Four hours from now, the population of a colony of bacteria will reach

. If the population of the

23. colony doubles every 4 hours, what was the population 12 hours ago?(A)

(B)

(C) 1.6

(D)

(E)

24. Grain is sold in 16-pound and 40-pound boxes. If 50 boxes of grain were sold and the total weight of the grain sold was less than 1200 pounds, what is the greatest possible number of 40-pound boxes that could have been sold?

(A) 33(B) 25(C) 17(D) 16.5(E) 16

25. Starting from Town S, Fred rode his bicycle 8 miles due east, 3 miles due south, 2 miles due west, and 11 miles due north, finally stopping at Town T. If the entire region is flat, what is the straight-line distance, in miles, between Towns S and T?

(A) 10(B)

(C)(D) 14(A) 24

26. At a certain pizzeria, of the pizzas

sold in one week were mushroom and

of the remaining pizzas sold were

pepperoni. If of the pizzas sold were pepperoni, how many were mushroom?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

27. What is the value of ?

3

(1)(2)

28. If is an integer, is odd?

(1) is not an even integer.

(2) is an even integer.

X

Y O Z

29. What is the circumference of the circle above with center O ?

(1) The perimeter of is .

(2) The length of arc is .

30. How many positive integers less than 20 are either a multiple of 2, an odd multiple of 9, or the sum of a positive multiple of 2 and a positive multiple of 9?

(A) 19(B) 18(C) 17(D) 16(E) 15

31. In a certain telephone poll, 600 people were asked whether they were in favor of, against, or undecided on a certain bill debated in the legislature. How many people polled were in favor of the bill?

(1) The number of people who were in favor of the bill was 200 more than the number of people who were against it.

(2) Two hundred people were undecided, which was twice as many as the number who were against it.

32. If 4 is one solution of the equation , in which is a

constant, what is the other solution?

(A) – 7(B) – 4(C) – 3(D) 1(E) 6

33. The probability is that a certain coin

will turn up heads on any given toss. If the coin is to be tossed three times, what is the probability that, on at least one of the tosses, the coin will turn up tails?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

34. In Jefferson School, 300 students study French or Spanish or both. If 100 of these students do not study French, how many of these students study both French and Spanish?

(1) Of the 300 students, 60 do not study Spanish.

(2) A total of 240 of the students study Spanish.

35. Is the value of closer to 50 than to 75?

(1)(2)

36. In the equation , is a

variable and is a constant. What is the value of ?

(1) is a factor of .(2) 4 is s root of the equation

.

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37. An asset has an initial value of

dollars, and depreciates by of its

value at the beginning of the year each year. Which of the following represents the undepreciated value of the asset at the end of year 3?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

38. John took a test that has 60 questions numbered from 1 to 60. How many of the questions did he answer correctly?

(1) The number of questions he answered correctly in the first half of the test was 7 more than the number he answered correctly in the second half of the test.

(2) He answered of the odd-

numbered questions correctly

and of the even-numbered

questions correctly.

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GMAT III

Historians have long thought that America was, from the beginning, profoundly influenced by the Lockean notion of liberty, with its strong emphasis on individual rights and self-interest. Yet in his recent book, historian J. G. Pocock argues that early American culture was actually rooted in the writings of Machiavelli, not Locke. The implications of this substitution are important: if Pocock’s argument is right, then Americans may not be as deeply individualistic and capitalistic as many believe. Pocock argues that out of the writings of antiquity Machiavelli created a body of political thinking called “classical republicanism”. This body of thought revived the ancient belief that a human being was by nature a citizen who achieved moral fulfillment by participating in a self-governing republic. Liberty was interpreted as a condition that is realized when people are virtuous and are willing to sacrifice their individual interests for the sake of the community. To be completely virtuous, people had to be independent and free of the petty interests of the marketplace. The greatest enemy of virtue was commerce. This classical republican tradition is said by Pocock to have shaped the ideology of America during the eighteenth century. Many events in early American history can be reinterpreted in light of Pocock’s analysis. Jefferson is no longer seen as a progressive reader of Locke leading America into its individualistic future; instead Jefferson is understood as a figure obsessed with virtue and corruption and fearful of new commercial developments. Influenced by Pocock, some historians have even argued that a communitarian and precapitalist mentality was pervasive among the eighteenth century farmers of America. Yet Pocock’s thesis and the reinterpretation of the history of eighteenth century America engendered by it are of dubious validity. If Americans did believe in the ideals of classical virtue that stressed civic duty and made the whole community greater than its discrete parts, then why did the colonists lack a sense of obligation to support the greater good of the British Empire? If indeed America has not always been the society of individual rights and self-interest that it is today, how and when did it become so? Classical republicanism is elitist, and it certainly had little to offer the important new social groups of artisans and shopkeepers that emerged in America during the eighteenth century. These middle-class radicals, for whom John Wilkes and Thomas Paine were spokesmen, had none of the independence from the market that the landed gentry had. They were less concerned with virtue and community than they were with equality and private rights. They hated political privilege and wanted freedom from an elite dominated state. In short, the United States was created not in a mood of classical anxiety over virtue and corruption, but in a mood of liberal optimism over individual profits and prosperity.

1. Which of the following best states the author’s main point?

a) Classical republicanism could not have been the ideological basis of eighteenth century America.

b) Classical republicanism is an elitist theory that was rejected by eighteenth-century artisans and shopkeepers.

c) Pocock understates the importance of the contributions Machiavelli made to the formation of early American culture.

d) Pocock fails to capture the great extent to which eighteenth century Americans were committed to a sense of civic duty.

e) Pocock’s account of Jefferson is incompatible with Jefferson’s commitment to a Locklean notion of liberty.

2. According to the author, eighteenth century American artisans and shopkeepers had little reason to

a) support the political efforts of Thomas Jeffersonb) reject the ideals of classical virtuec) embrace the principles of classical republicanismd) renounce the political objectives of the British Empiree) worry about increasing profits and maintaining general prosperity

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3. The author mentions which of the following as a fact that weakens Pocock’s argument about the ideology of eighteenth century America?

a) Jefferson’s obsession with virtue and corruption and his fear of commercial development

b) The precapitalist mentality that was pervasive among farmers in early Americac) The political decline of artisans and shopkeepers in eighteenth century America d) The colonists’ lack of commitment to support the general welfare of the British Empiree) The existence of political privilege in early American society

4. The passage suggests that, if classical republicanism had been the ideology of eighteenth century America, which of the following would have resulted?

a) People would have been motivated to open small businesses and expand commercial activity.

b) Citizens and politicians would not have been encouraged to agitate for increased individual rights.

c) People would have been convinced that by pursuing their own interests they were contributing to the good of the group.

d) The political and social privileges enjoyed by the landed gentry would have been destroyed.

e) A mood of optimism among people over individual profits and prosperity would have been created.

5. According to the passage, Pocock’s theory suggests that many eighteenth century Americans believed that increasing commercial activity would

a) force the landed gentry to relinquish their vast holdingsb) enrich the nation and increase individual rightsc) cause some people to forfeit their liberty and virtued) create a mood of optimism about national prosperitye) strengthen the political appeal of middle-class radicals

6. The author is primarily concerned with

a) refuting a proposed thesis about eighteenth century America b) analyzing a long-established interpretation of American historyc) criticizing a set of deeply held beliefs about early American ideologyd) reconciling opposing interpretations of eighteenth century American ideologye) defending a novel reading of the ideology of eighteenth century America

7. In an effort to reduce their inventories, Italian vintners have cut prices; their wines have been priced to sell, and they are.

a) have been priced to sell, and they are.b) are priced to sell, and they have.c) are priced to sell, and they do.d) are being priced to sell, and they have.e) had been priced to sell, and they have.

8. New hardy varieties of rice show promise of producing high yields without the costly requirements of irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer by earlier high-yielding varieties.

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a) requirements of irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer by earlier high-yielding varieties.

b) requirements by earlier high-yielding varieties of application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation.

c) requirements for application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation of earlier high-yielding varieties.

d) application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation that was required by earlier high-yielding varieties.

e) irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer that were required by earlier high-yielding varieties.

9. In 1985 in the country of Alissia, farmers brought to the market a broccoli crop that was one-and-a-half times as large as the 1985 broccoli crop in its neighbor country, Barbera. Yet total quantities of broccoli available for sale to consumers in Alissia were smaller than were total quantities in Barbera in 1985.

Which of the following, if true in 1985, most to an explanation of why there was less broccoli available for sale to consumers in Alissia than in Barbera?

a) Barbera’s farmers produced much more cabbage than did Alissia’s farmers. b) Barbera’s farmers produced fewer heads of broccoli per acre than did Alissia’s

farmers.c) Alissia exported a much higher proportion of its broccoli crop than did Barbera. d) Broccoli was much more popular among consumers in Alissia than in Barbera. e) Alissia had more land suitable for growing broccoli than did Barbera.

10. The winds that howl across the Great Plains not only blow away valuable top sol, thereby reducing the potential crop yield of a tract of land, and also damage or destroy young plants.

a) and also damage or destroyb) as well as damaging or destroyingc) but they also cause damage or destroyd) but also damage or destroye) but also causing damage or destroying

11. More than thirty years ago Dr. Barbara McClintock, the Nobel Prize winner, reported that genes can “jump”, as pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to another.

a) as pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to another.b) like pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to another.c) as pearls do that move mysteriously from one necklace to others.d) like pearls do that move mysteriously from one necklace to others.e) as do pearls do that move mysteriously from one necklace to some other one.

12. The fossil record shows that the climate of North America warmed and dried at the end of the Pleistocene period. Most species of large mammals then living on the continent became extinct, but the smaller mammalian species survived.

Which of the following, if true, provides the best basis for an explanation of the contrast described above between species of large mammals and species of small mammals?

a) Individual large mammals can, in general, travel further than small mammals and so are more able to migrate in search of a hospitable environment.

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b) The same pattern of comparative success in smaller, as opposed to larger, species that is observed in mammals is also found in bird species of the same period.

c) The fossil record from the end of the Pleistocene period is as clear for small mammals as it is for large mammals.

d) Larger mammals have greater food and space requirements than smaller mammals and are thus less able to withstand environmental change.

e) Many more of the species of larger mammals than of the species of smaller mammals living in North America in that period had originated in climates that were warmer than was that of North America before the end of the Pleistocene period.

13. Bonuses at DSR Industries cannot be awarded unless profits exceed a ten percent return on stockholders’ investments in the company. Higher profits mean higher bonuses. Therefore, bonuses in a year of general economic recession will be considerably lower than bonuses in a year of peak profits at DRS:

The conclusion above depends on the assumption that

a) the firm will have relatively low profits in recession yearsb) the amount represented by a ten percent return on stockholders’ investments in the

company will increase from year to yearc) profits rarely exceed a ten percent return on stockholders’ investments in the companyd) profits in excess of a ten percent return on stockholders’ investments in the company

are all distributed in the form of bonusese) bonuses at DSR never drop to zero

14. Unlike Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, and other expatriates, William Carlos Williams insisted that poets honor their own regions and employ specifically American rhythms.

a) Unlike Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, and other expatriates, William Carlos Williams insisted

b) Although Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, and other expatriates did not, William Carlos Williams’ insistence was

c) Contrary to Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, and other expatriates, it was William Carlos Williams who insisted

d) As opposed to what Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, and other expatriates did, William Carlos Williams was to insist

e) While Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, and other expatriates did not, William Carlos Williams was insistent

15. Stable interest rates on long-term bonds are the financial market’s vote of confidence in the Federal Reserve keeping in control of inflation.

a) in the Federal Reserve keeping in control of inflation.b) that the Federal Reserve will keep inflation under control.c) for the Federal Reserve, that it would keep control of inflation.d) that inflation will be kept control of by the Federal Reserve.e) that inflation would be kept control of by the Federal Reserve.

16. The United States government employs a much larger proportion of women in trade negotiations than any government.

a) a much larger proportion of women in trade negotiations than anyb) a much larger proportion of women in trade negotiations than does any otherc) much larger proportions of women in trade negotiations than has any d) proportions of women in trade negotiations that are much larger than any e) proportions of women in trade negotiations that are much larger than any other

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17. The forbidden city of Beijing, from which the emperors ruled by heavenly mandate, was a site which a commoner or foreigner could not enter without any permission, on pain of death.

a) which a commoner or foreigner could not enter without any permission,b) which a commoner or foreigner could enter without any permission onlyc) which no commoner or foreigner could enter without permission,d) which, without permission, neither commoner or foreigner could only enter,e) which, to enter without permission, neither commoner or foreigner could do,

18. For the safety conscious Swedish market, a United States manufacturer of desktop computers developed a special display screen that produces a much weaker electromagnetic field surrounding the user than do ordinary screens. Despite an advantage in this respect over its competitors, the manufacturer is introducing the screen into the United States market without advertising it as a safety improvement.

Which of the following, if true, provides a rationale for the manufacturer’s approach to advertising the screen in the United States?

a) Many more desktop computers are sold each year in the United States market than are sold in the Swedish market.

b) The manufacturer does not want its competitors to become aware of the means by which the company has achieved this advance in technology.

c) Most business and scientific purchasers of desktop computers expect to replace such equipment eventually as better technology becomes available on the market.

d) An emphasis on the comparative safety of the new screen would call into question the safety of the many screens the manufacturer has already sold in the United States.

e) Concern has been expressed in the United States over the health effects of the large electromagnetic fields surrounding electric powerlines.

19. Having been forbidden by Church law to marry, it was not unusual for a priest during the Middle Ages to sire a family.

a) Having been forbidden by Church law to marry, it was not unusual for a priest during the Middle Ages to sire a family.

b) Forbidden by Church law to marry, it was not unusual for a priest during the Middle Ages to sire a family.

c) Although they were forbidden by Church law to marry, it was not unusual for a priest during the Middle Ages to sire a family.

d) Although a priest was forbidden by Church law to marry, it was not unusual for him during the Middle Ages to sire a family.

e) Although they were forbidden by Church law to marry, it was not unusual for priests during the Middle Ages to sire families.

20. Many thoroughbred handicappers believe that a horse’s chance of winning a race depends not so much on the final times of his previous races but instead on his class, an unquantifiable factor that is the horse’s determination to win.

a) but insteadb) rather thanc) so much asd) thane) as

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21. Three hundred years ago, famine was a periodic experience which came so regular that people accepted periods of extreme hunger as normal.

a) regular that people accepted periods of extreme hunger as normal.b) regularly that people accepted periods of extreme hunger as normal.c) regularly that people normally accepted periods of extreme hunger.d) regularly as people accepted periods of extreme hunger as normal.e) regularly since people accepted periods of extreme hunger as normal.

22. Any tax relief received by the solar industry would not benefit the homeowner who installs a solar-energy system. Even though homeowners would pay a lower price for solar-energy system installations because of this tax relief, with the government paying the balance, government revenues come from the public.

The argument above is based on which of the following assumptions?

a) The tax relief would cause the homeowner to lose, through taxes or reduced government benefits or both, an amount at least equal to the reduction in the price of that homeowner’s solar-energy system installation.

b) The tax relief that would be received by solar-energy industries would not be offered at the same time as any tax relief for other industries.

c) Advertisements of the solar-energy industry, by failing to identify the source of government revenues explicitly to the public, mask the advantage the industry receives from the public.

d) Homeowners generally believe that they benefit from any tax relief offered to the solar-energy industry.

e) Tax relief would encourage solar industries to sell solar-energy systems at higher prices.

23. Less than 50% of a tropical country’s wildlands remains intact. Efforts are under way to restore biological diversity in that country by restoring some destroyed wild habitats and extending some relatively intact portions of forests. However, opponents argue that these efforts are not needed because there is still plenty of wildland left.

Which of the following, if true, most significantly weakens the argument of the opponents of

conservation efforts?

a) As much, if not more, effort is required to restore a wild habitat as to preserve an intact habitat.

b) The opponents of restoration efforts are, for the most part, members of the wealthier classes in their own villages and cities.

c) Existing conservation laws have been very effective in preserving biological diversity within the wildlands that remain intact.

d) For many tropical species native to that country, the tropical wildlands that are still relatively intact do not provide appropriate habitats for reproduction.

e) If a suitable population of plants and animals is introduced and is permitted to disperse and grow, tropical habitats can most certainly be restored.

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24. Exports of United States wood pulp will rise considerably this year. The reason for the rise is that the falling value of the dollar will make it cheaper for paper manufacturers in Japan and Western Europe to buy American wood pulp than to get it from any other source.

Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?

a) Factory output of paper products in Japan and Western Europe will increase sharply during this year.

b) The quality of the wood pulp produced in the United States would be adequate for the purposes of Japanese and Western European paper manufacturers.

c) Paper manufacturers in Japan and Western Europe would prefer to use wood pulp produced in the United States if cost were not a factor.

d) Demand for paper products made in Japan and Western Europe will not increase sharply during this year.

e) Production of wood pulp by United States companies will not increase sharply during this year.

It is an unfortunate fact that most North Americans know little about American Indian culture

and history. Scholars have studied such matters, but they have not succeeded in broadcasting

their conclusions widely. Thus, it is still not widely known that American Indians have epics, that

they performed plays long before Europeans arrived, and that they practiced politics and carried

on trade.

One way to gain a fuller appreciation of this rich culture is to examine American Indian poetry,

for poetry is in all cultures the most central and articulate of the arts. It is especially important

that we study American Indian poetry as this poetry can create a context that gives cohesive

expression to the crafts, the artifacts, and the isolated facts that many Americans have

managed to notice willy-nilly. Even a survey of American Indian poetry reveals a range of poetic

thought and technique that defies easy generalization. Jarold Ramsey hazards a summary,

however, which serves at least to give the uninitiated reader some sense of what American

Indian poetry is like. Overall, he writes, it represents “an oral, formulaic, traditional, and

anonymous art form,” whose approach is to emphasize the “mythic and sacred” components of

reality. It “flourished through public performances ... by skilled recitalists whose audiences

already knew the individual stories” and valued the performers for their “ability to exploit their

material dramatically and to combine them (their stories) in longer cycles” rather than for their

“plot invention.” Because this poetry belongs to highly ethnocentric tribal peoples, whose

cultures “we still do not know much about,” it “is likely to seem all the more terse, even cryptic.”

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American Indian poetry has another feature that Ramsey ignores: it is always functional.

Whether sung, chanted or recited; whether performed ceremonially, as entertainment, or as part

of a task such as curing a patient or grinding corn; or whether recited individually or by a group,

it is always fully woven into the fabric of ordinary life.

For complicated reasons, American Indian poetry has basically been ignored by non-Indian

cultures. Kenneth Lincoln writes that the failure to hear American Indian voices results “partly ...

from the tragedies of tribal dislocation, partly from mistranslation, partly from misconceptions

about literature, partly from cultural indifference.” Brian Swann suggests an additional

explanation. Tribal poetry is oral, whereas Europeans arrived in the New World with a deeply

ingrained belief in the primacy of the written word. As a result, European settlers found it hard to

imagine that poetry could exist without written texts and thus that the American Indians had

achieved something parallel to what Europeans called literature long before Europeans arrived.

As a consequence, Europeans did not fully respond to the rich vitality of American Indian poetry.

25. According to the passage, American Indian cultures have produced all of the following forms of artistic expression EXCEPT

a) Craftsb) Dramasc) Songsd) Written poemse) Oral epics

26. According to Jarold Ramsey, American Indian poetry is an art form characterized by its

a) unusual depictions of landscapesb) integration with everyday affairsc) universal accessibilityd) highly original plotse) adaptability to public performance

27. According to Kenneth Lincoln, one of the reasons that non-Indians have had little knowledge of American Indian poetry is that American Indian poems

a) have been poorly translatedb) have not yet attracted the scholarly attention they deservec) can be appreciated only when presented orally

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d) are difficult to understand without a background in comparative mythologye) are too stylistically complex

28. According to the passage, it would be unusual for American Indian poetry to be

a) attributed to specific authorsb) sung by a group of performersc) chanted while workingd) sung during a sacred ceremonye) performed in a dramatic manner

29. The tone of lines 12 to 16 suggests that the author believes that most Americans’ knowledge of American Indian culture can best be characterized as

a) spotty and contradictoryb) stereotyped and limitedc) confused and inaccurated) unsystematic and superficiale) vague and biased

30. The primary purpose of the passage is to

a) explain an omission in scholarly research and propose ways to remedy itb) criticize a scholarly explanation and present a new hypothesisc) describe a traditional art form and explain why it once flourishedd) analyze some scholarly work and connect it with a current problem e) characterize an art form and suggest why it has received little attention

31. Citing evidence that the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere has increased more than seven percent in the last thirty years, many scientists have expressed a fear of destroying forests and continued use of fossil fuels will cause an irreversible shift in Earth’s climate patterns.

a) many scientists have expressed a fear of destroying forests and continued use ofb) many scientists have expressed a fear that destruction of forests and continued use ofc) many scientists have expressed a fear that destruction of forests and continually usingd) a fear that many scientists have expressed is that destroying forests and continually

usinge) a fear that many scientists have expressed is that destruction of forests and continual

using of using

32. A company’s personnel director surveyed employees about their satisfaction with the company’s system for awarding employee performance ratings. The survey data indicated that employees who received high ratings were very satisfied with the system. The

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personnel director concluded from these data that the company’s best-performing employees liked the system.

The personnel director’s conclusion assumes which of the following?

a) No other performance rating system is as good as the current system. b) The company’s best-performing employees received high ratings. c) Employees who received low ratings were dissatisfied with the system.d) Employees who receive high ratings from a performance-rating system will like that

system.e) The company’s best-performing employees were motivated to perform well by the

knowledge that they would receive performance ratings.

33. In Argonia the average rate drivers pay for car accident insurance is regulated to allow insurance companies to make reasonable profit. Under the regulations, the rate any individual driver pays never depends on the actual distance driven by that driver each year. Therefore, Argonians who drive less than average partially subsidize the insurance of those who drive more than average.

The conclusion above would be properly drawn if it were also true that in Argonia

a) the average accident insurance rate for all drivers rises whenever a substantial number of new drivers buy insurance

b) the average cost to insurance companies of insuring drivers who drive less than the annual average is less than the average cost of insuring drivers who drive more than the annual average

c) the lower the age of a driver, the higher the insurance rate paid by that driverd) insurance company profits would rise substantially if drivers were classified in terms of

the actual number of miles they drive each yeare) drivers who have caused insurance companies to pay costly claims generally pay

insurance rates that are equal to or lower than those paid by other drivers

34. In theory, international civil servants at the United Nations are prohibited from continuing to draw salaries from their own governments; in practice, however, some governments merely substitute living allowances for their employees’ paychecks, assigned by them to the United Nations.

a) for their employees’ paychecks, assigned by themb) for the paychecks of their employees who have been assigned c) for the paychecks of their employees, having been assigned d) in place of their employees’ paychecks, for those of them assigned e) in place of the paychecks of their employees to have been assigned by them

35. Working shorter workweeks causes managers to feel less stress than does working longer workweeks. In addition, greater perceived control over one’s work life reduces stress levels. It can be concluded, therefore, that shorter workweeks cause managers to feel they have more control over their work life.

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The argument made above uses which of the following questionable techniques?

a) Associating two conditions as cause and effect on the basis of their being causally associated with the same phenomenon

b) Taking for granted that two factors that have a certain effect individually produce that effect more strongly when both act together

c) Assuming what it set out to proved) Using an irrelevant point in order to draw a conclusione) Basing a conclusion on preconceived views about the needs of managers

36. In Holland, a larger percentage of the gross national product is spent on defense of their coasts from rising seas than is spent on military defense in the United States.

a) In Holland, a larger percentage of the gross national product is spent on defense of their coasts from rising seas than is spent on military defense in the United States.

b) In Holland they spend a larger percentage of the gross national product on defending their coasts from rising seas than the United States does on military defense.

c) A larger percentage of Holland’s gross national product is spent on defending their coasts from rising seas than the United States spends on military defense.

d) Holland spends a larger percentage of its gross national product defending its coasts from rising seas than the military defense spending of the United States.

e) Holland spends a larger percentage of its gross national product on defending its coasts from rising seas than the United States does on military defense.

37. Canadian scientists have calculated that one human being should be struck every nine years by a meteorite, while each year sixteen buildings can be expected to sustain damage from such objects.

a) one human being should be struck every nine years by a meteoriteb) a human being should be struck by a meteorite once in every nine years c) a meteorite will strike one human being once in every nine years d) every nine years a human being will be struck by a meteoritee) every nine years a human being should be struck by a meteorite

Many United States companies have, unfortunately, made the search for legal protection from import competition into a major line of work. Since 1980 the United States International Trade Commission (ITC) has received about 280 complaints alleging damage from imports that benefit from subsidies by foreign governments. Another 340 charge that foreign companies “dumped” their products in the United States at “less than fair value”. Even when no unfair practices are alleged, the simple claim that an industry has been injured by imports is sufficient grounds to seek relief. Contrary to general impression, this quest for import relief has hurt more companies than it has helped. As corporations begin to function globally, they develop an intricate web of marketing, production, and research relationships. The complexity of these relationships makes it unlikely that a system of import relief laws will meet the strategic needs of all the units under the same parent company. Internationalization increases the danger that foreign companies will use import relief laws against the very companies the laws were designed to protect. Suppose a United States owned company establishes an overseas plant to manufacture a product while its competitor makes the same product in the United States. If the competitor can prove injury from the imports – and that the United States company received a subsidy from a foreign government to build its plant abroad – the United States company’s products will be uncompetitive in the United States, since they would be subject to duties.

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Perhaps the most brazen case occurred when ITC investigated allegations that Canadian companies were injuring the United States salt industry by dumping rock salt, used to de-ice roads. The bizarre aspect of the complaint was that a foreign conglomerate with United States operations was crying for help against a United States company with foreign operations. The “United States” company claiming injury was a subsidiary of a Dutch conglomerate, while the “Canadian” companies included a subsidiary of a Chicago firm that was the second-largest domestic producer of rock salt.

38. The last paragraph performs which of the following functions in the passage?

a) It summarizes the discussion thus far and suggests additional areas for research.b) It presents a recommendation based on the evidence presented earlier.c) It discusses an exceptional case in which the results expected by the author of the

passage were not obtained.d) It introduces an additional area of concern not mentioned earlier.e) It cites a specific case that illustrates a problem presented more generally in the

previous paragraph.

39. According to the passage, companies have the general impression that International Trade Commission import relief practices have

a) caused unpredictable fluctuations in volumes of imports and exportsb) achieved their desired effect only under unusual circumstancesc) actually helped companies that have requested import reliefd) been opposed by the business communitye) had less impact on international companies than the business community expected

40. According to the passage, the International Trade Commission is involved in which of the following?

a) Investigating allegations of unfair import competitionb) Granting subsidies to companies in the United States that have been injured by import

competitionc) Recommending legislation to ensure fair competition among international businessesd) Identifying international corporations that wish to build plants in the United States e) Assisting corporations in the United States that wish to compete globally

41. The passage is chiefly concerned with

a) arguing against the increased internationalization of United States corporationsb) warning that the application of laws affecting trade frequently has unintended

consequencesc) demonstrating that foreign-based firms receive more subsidies from their governments

than United States firms receive from United States governmentd) advocating the use of trade restrictions for “dumped” products but not for other importse) recommending a uniform method for handling claims of unfair trade practices

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ANSWER KEY GMAT III

VERBAL1. A2. C3. D4. B5. C6. A7. C8. E9. C10. D11. B12. D13. A14. A15. B16. B17. C18. D19. E20. E21. B22. A23. D24. B25. D26. E27. A28. A29. D30. E31. B32. B33. B34. B35. A36. E37. D38. E39. C40. A41. B

MATHS1. A2. B3. A4. C5. C6. C7. C8. D9. C10. B11. E12. C13. D14. C15. B16. B17. B18. B19. D20. D21. E22. B23. E24. A25. B26. C27. B28. D29. E30. B31. A32. D33. D34. A35. D36. A37. B