World War II
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Transcript of World War II
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World War IIOutcome: Causes of World War II
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Causes of World War II1. Underlying Causes of World War II
a. Nationalism (Review from WWI): Extreme pride in one’s nationality or country
b. Imperialism (Review from WWI): Taking of land/property c. Militarism (Review from WWI): Building weapons or a
strong military
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Causes of World War II1. Underlying Causes of World War II
d. Fascism: a political philosophy, movement, or regime that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition
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Causes of World War IIe. Totalitarian Dictatorships: Leaders who control all
aspects of societyi. Each dictator took advantage of economic problems by:
1. Promising simple solutions to their nation’s problems2. Rebuilding national pride (often using propaganda)3. Providing scapegoats (targets for anger & blame)4. Absorbing power, taking away individual rights, and crushing
opposition (1 party; 1 ruler)
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Adolf Hitler in Germany
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Causes of World War II2. Fascist Germany
a. Dictator: Adolf Hitler (Der Fuhrer or The leader)i. Nazism is German Fascism
b. Goals:i. Nationalism:
1. Wanted to rebuild Germany2. Preached Vengeance against (4 hates)
a. Democracies (a weak & undisciplined form of gov’t)b. Communism (a threat to Nazi growth)c. November Criminals who signed the WWI Armisticed. Jews (the source of all evil & problems in Germany)
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Causes of World War II2. Fascist Germany
ii. Imperialism: 1. A desire to unite all people of German ancestry (Blood &
language)2. “Lebensraum” (a desire for more living space) needed to build
his empire he called The Third Reichiii. Militarism:
1. Defied the Treaty of Versailles & rebuild the army2. Created the “Nazi War Machine”3. Built #1 military in the world
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Benito Mussolini of Italy
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Causes of World War II3. Fascist Italy
a. Dictator: Benito Mussolini (Il Duce = The Leader)b. Goals:
i. Nationalism:1. Wished to rebuild the ancient Holy Roman Empire
ii. Imperialism:1. Felt betrayed by the Allies at the Treaty of Versailles Conference
due to a promise of land for joining the Allies that was not kept
2. Wanted to control lands around the Mediterranean Sea; 3. “Mare Nostrum” = Our Sea
iii. Militarism:1. Formed the Rome-Berlin Axis (alliance) with Germany in 1936
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Hideki Tojo & Emperor Hirohito
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Causes of World War II4. Japan
a. Dictators: i. Hideki Tojo: Military Leader & Prime Ministerii. Emperor Hirohito: Political & Spiritual figurehead
b. Goalsi. Nationalism:
1. Japan wanted to be #1 in Asia 2. Goal: Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere: name for power in
Asiaii. Imperialism:
1. To be #1 in Asia, they needed oil and raw materials2. Wanted China’s land (and others) to obtain oil and raw materials
iii. Militarism:1. Built up the strongest military regime in Asia2. Soldier’s motto: “Death before Dishonor”
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Causes of World War II5. Others
a. Spain: Franco’s fascists won the Spanish Civil Warb. Soviet Union: Joseph Stalin took control of the communist
nation
Germany, Italy, & Japan became known as the Axis Powers once the war began. AKA the Bad Guys!
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Francisco Franco of Spain
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Joseph Stalin in The Soviet Union
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Causes of World War IIe. Poor Decisions were made by the powerful
democraciesi. France & Great Britain adopted a policy of appeasementii. The League of Nations would prove ineffective; lacked a
militaryiii. U.S.: Isolationism & Depression kept our focus on U.S. concerns; once
aggression began we claimed to be neutral
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Causes of World War IIEquation:
Nationalism + Imperialism + Militarism = Aggression
Extreme Aggression = War!