World War II. Buildup to World War II Germany Italy Japan.
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World War II The Rise of Fascism
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Transcript of World War II. Buildup to World War II Germany Italy Japan.
World War
II
World War
IIThe Rise of
Fascism
Buildup to World War II
Germany Italy Japan
Japan• Japan lacked natural
resources for industry
• 1929 – The Great Depression devastated Japan.
• Economic disaster fed the discontent of military officials.
• Ultranationalists condemned politicians for stopping overseas expansion.
• Nationalists demanded renewed expansion to gain raw materials.
Japan’s Expanding Empire to 1934
5
Hideki Tojo: Japanese
Prime Minister
• Believed in the racial superiority of the Japanese people.
• ultra-nationalistic & militaristic. • Wanted to expand the Japanese
empire throughout the Pacific Rim.
• Believed Japan was invincible.
• By 1937 Civilian government was forced to accept military domination.
• To please the ultranationalists, it:• cracked down on socialists• ended most democratic freedoms• revived ancient warrior values• built a cult around the emperor• spread nationalist message in schools• renewed efforts at expansion
• 1931, Japan invaded Manchuria, adding it to the growing Japanese empire.
• 1937, Japanese troops invaded eastern China• After the city of Nanking surrendered, the Japanese killed
hundreds of thousands of soldiers and civilians in what came to be known as the “Rape of Nanking.”
5
The Rape of Nanking4
Italy1922 - Fascists imposed totalitarian rule promoted economic modernization,
Fascists advocated complete state authority
Italy fared better than most western nations during the Depression
Aggressive foreign policy, establishing colonies in East Africa
Benito Mussolini (Italy)• Preached a
government called Fascism – includes intense patriotism & nationalism
• Very much linked to racism and cultural superiority
• Wanted to restore the glory of Rome
1921 - Entered Parliament after having been defeated in 1919
1922 - Became premier of Italy
1925 - Mussolini declared Italy a fascist dictatorship and took control over society, politics, and economics, as well as the military.
Benito Mussolini
• 1935 – Italy invaded Ethiopia in Africa• Mussolini wanted new areas to expand
his empire in Africa
Italy Invades Ethiopia
GermanyThe Treaty of Versailles left Germany deeply in debt and caused serious governmentinstability in the 1920s.
Bad economic times made it easy for the Nazi party to gain power.
Back
1923 - Hitler attempted to take control of a struggling Germany through the “Beer Hall Putsch.” He failed and was arrested. In jail he wrote “Mein Kampf” exposing his political ideology. He was considered harmless and was released in 1924.
1932 - Defeated von Hindenburg in national election. Hitler was the Chancellor of Germany.
1934 - Hitler declares himself the “Fuhrer of Germany taking dictatorial power.
Adolf Hitler
1932 – Adolph Hitler assumes power in Germany
A very charismatic speaker
Brought Germany out of the Depression with a huge work program and militarization
Adolf Hitler
Hitler believed in the military superiority of Germany. His fighting techniques, such as blitzkrieg, threatened to overthrow Europe in less than a year.
Adolf Hitler
