Landuse Planning. What Is Landuse Planning?What Is Landuse Planning? –Landuse Planning - a process...

Landuse Planning Landuse Planning

Landuse PlanningLanduse Planning

• What Is Landuse Planning?What Is Landuse Planning?– Landuse Planning - a process for Landuse Planning - a process for

deciding the best present and future deciding the best present and future use of each parcel of land in an areause of each parcel of land in an area


• Who Does Landuse Planning?Who Does Landuse Planning?– Corporate officersCorporate officers– Government agentsGovernment agents– Leaders of institutionsLeaders of institutions– Planning commissionsPlanning commissions– MilitaryMilitary– Professional plannersProfessional planners


• What Is a Landuse Plan?What Is a Landuse Plan?– A policy decisionA formalized concept A policy decisionA formalized concept

of what a company, city, or of what a company, city, or neighborhood intends for itself and thus neighborhood intends for itself and thus will strive to becomewill strive to become

– An articulation of planning goals - the An articulation of planning goals - the driving force behind landuse planning driving force behind landuse planning


• Landuse Planning RealmsLanduse Planning Realms– Three Planning RealmsThree Planning Realms• Decision-Making PlanningDecision-Making Planning• Technical PlanningTechnical Planning• Landscape DesignLandscape Design


• Landuse Planning RealmsLanduse Planning Realms– Three Planning RealmsThree Planning Realms• Decision-Making PlanningDecision-Making Planning

– Carried out by planning commissions and Carried out by planning commissions and corporate boardscorporate boards

– Developing methods and means for arriving at Developing methods and means for arriving at planning decisionsplanning decisions


• Landuse Planning RealmsLanduse Planning Realms– Three Planning RealmsThree Planning Realms• Technical PlanningTechnical Planning

– Environmental inventoriesEnvironmental inventories• SoilSoil• VegetationVegetation• EngineeringEngineering• Environmental impact assessmentEnvironmental impact assessment


• Landuse Planning RealmsLanduse Planning Realms– Three Planning RealmsThree Planning Realms• Technical PlanningTechnical Planning

– Who does technical planning?Who does technical planning?• GeographersGeographers• EconomistsEconomists• EngineersEngineers• ScientistsScientists• ArchitectsArchitects


• Landuse Planning RealmsLanduse Planning Realms– Three Planning RealmsThree Planning Realms• Landscape DesignLandscape Design

– The laying out of the configuration of the uses, The laying out of the configuration of the uses, features, and facilities that are to be built, features, and facilities that are to be built, changed, or preserved by virtue of the decision-changed, or preserved by virtue of the decision-makers’ decisionsmakers’ decisions


• Areas of ActivityAreas of Activity– Environmental InventoryEnvironmental Inventory– Site AssessmentSite Assessment– Land Capability AssessmentLand Capability Assessment– Hazard AssessmentHazard Assessment– Risk Management PlanningRisk Management Planning


• Areas of ActivityAreas of Activity– Restoration PlanningRestoration Planning– Site SelectionSite Selection– Feasibility StudiesFeasibility Studies– Facilities PlanningFacilities Planning– Master PlanningMaster Planning


• Areas of ActivityAreas of Activity– Environmental InventoryEnvironmental Inventory• Goal - to provide a catalog and description Goal - to provide a catalog and description

of features and resources of a study areaof features and resources of a study area• Underlying Philosophy - to understand what Underlying Philosophy - to understand what

exists in an area before planning exists in an area before planning alternatives can be devisedalternatives can be devised


• Areas of ActivityAreas of Activity– Environmental Inventory Environmental Inventory • ComponentsComponents

– Water featuresWater features– SlopesSlopes– FloodplainsFloodplains– Soil Soil – VegetationVegetation– Archeological artifactsArcheological artifacts– Rare and endangered speciesRare and endangered species


• Areas of Activity in Landuse Areas of Activity in Landuse PlanningPlanning– Site AssessmentSite Assessment• A prepurchase environmental profile of a A prepurchase environmental profile of a

site highlighting whatever conditions might site highlighting whatever conditions might be important to land value or purchase be important to land value or purchase agreementsagreements


• Areas of Activity in Landuse Areas of Activity in Landuse PlanningPlanning– Site AssessmentSite Assessment• ComponentsComponents

– Phase I AssessmentPhase I Assessment– Phase II AssessmentPhase II Assessment


• Areas of Activity in Landuse Areas of Activity in Landuse PlanningPlanning– Land Capability AssessmentLand Capability Assessment• Goal - to determine what types of use and Goal - to determine what types of use and

how much use the land can accommodate how much use the land can accommodate without degradationwithout degradation


• Areas of Activity in Landuse Areas of Activity in Landuse PlanningPlanning– Hazard AssessmentHazard Assessment• Goal - to identify dangerous zones in the Goal - to identify dangerous zones in the

environment where landuse is or would be environment where landuse is or would be in jeopardy of damage and destructionin jeopardy of damage and destruction– FloodsFloods– EarthquakesEarthquakes


• Areas of Activity in Landuse Areas of Activity in Landuse PlanningPlanning– Risk Management PlanningRisk Management Planning• Goal - to build strategies and contingency Goal - to build strategies and contingency

plans to cope with hazards and provide plans to cope with hazards and provide emergency relief servicesemergency relief services


• Areas of Activity in Landuse Areas of Activity in Landuse PlanningPlanning– Restoration PlanningRestoration Planning• Goal - to address environments such as Goal - to address environments such as

wetlands, stream channels, and shorelines wetlands, stream channels, and shorelines that have been degraded by landuse that have been degraded by landuse activitesactivites– Wetland mitigationWetland mitigation– Waste disposal sitesWaste disposal sites


• Areas of Activity in Landuse Areas of Activity in Landuse PlanningPlanning– Site SelectionSite Selection• Goal - to find an appropriate site for a Goal - to find an appropriate site for a

particular landuseparticular landuse– Environmental factorsEnvironmental factors– Economic factorsEconomic factors


• Areas of Activity in Landuse Areas of Activity in Landuse PlanningPlanning– Feasibility StudyFeasibility Study• Goal - to determine the most appropriate Goal - to determine the most appropriate

landuse for a sitelanduse for a site


• Areas of Activity in Landuse Areas of Activity in Landuse PlanningPlanning– Facility PlanningFacility Planning• Goal - site, plan, and design installations Goal - site, plan, and design installations

that are depenent on structural and that are depenent on structural and mechanical systemsmechanical systems– Sewage treatment plantsSewage treatment plants– AirportsAirports


• Areas of Activity in Landuse Areas of Activity in Landuse PlanningPlanning– Master PlanningMaster Planning• Goal - to present a comprehensive Goal - to present a comprehensive

framework to guide landuse changesframework to guide landuse changes– Economic developmentEconomic development– Environmental conditionsEnvironmental conditions– DemographicsDemographics– TransportationTransportation


• Areas of Activity in Landuse Areas of Activity in Landuse PlanningPlanning– Master PlanningMaster Planning• Components of Master PlanComponents of Master Plan

– Proposed landusesProposed landuses– Physical plan showing recommended locations Physical plan showing recommended locations

and configurations of proposed landusesand configurations of proposed landuses– Methodology for implementing the master plan Methodology for implementing the master plan

that identifies funding sources that identifies funding sources


• Methods of Landuse ControlMethods of Landuse Control– Local GovernmentsLocal Governments• Zoning - process in which various parcels Zoning - process in which various parcels

of land are designated for a certain useof land are designated for a certain use


• Methods of Landuse ControlMethods of Landuse Control– Local GovernmentsLocal Governments• ZoningZoning

– Zoning CategoriesZoning Categories• CommercialCommercial• ResidentialResidential• IndustrialIndustrial• FloodplainsFloodplains• Forest PreservesForest Preserves


• Methods of Landuse ControlMethods of Landuse Control– Local GovernmentsLocal Governments• ZoningZoning

– IssuesIssues• Influenced by developers because local Influenced by developers because local

governments rely on property taxesgovernments rely on property taxes• Favors high-priced housing and factoriesFavors high-priced housing and factories• Can be too strict and discourage use of Can be too strict and discourage use of

innovative uses to solving urban problemsinnovative uses to solving urban problems


• Methods of Landuse ControlMethods of Landuse Control– Local GovernmentsLocal Governments• Permit RestrictionsPermit Restrictions

– Building permitsBuilding permits– Sewer hookupsSewer hookups– Road constructionRoad construction


• Methods of Landuse ControlMethods of Landuse Control– State and Federal GovernmentsState and Federal Governments• Conservation Easement - tax breaks to Conservation Easement - tax breaks to

landowners who agree to use land only for landowners who agree to use land only for specified purposes (e.g. agriculture)specified purposes (e.g. agriculture)


• Methods of Landuse ControlMethods of Landuse Control– State and Federal GovernmentsState and Federal Governments• Taxation - tax land based on its use as Taxation - tax land based on its use as

agricultural land or forestland rather than its agricultural land or forestland rather than its fair market value based on its economically fair market value based on its economically highest potential use. highest potential use. – Prevents farmers and other landowners from Prevents farmers and other landowners from

being forced to sell land to pay their tax billsbeing forced to sell land to pay their tax bills


• Methods of Landuse ControlMethods of Landuse Control– State and Federal GovernmentsState and Federal Governments• Land Trust - money designated to purchase Land Trust - money designated to purchase

ecologically valuable land; this land is then ecologically valuable land; this land is then off-limits to developmentoff-limits to development

• Land Development Rights - restrict the way Land Development Rights - restrict the way land can be usedland can be used


• Methods of Landuse ControlMethods of Landuse Control– State and Federal GovernmentsState and Federal Governments• Environmental Impact AnalysisEnvironmental Impact Analysis• SubsidiesSubsidies

Landuse Planning. What Is Landuse Planning?What Is Landuse Planning? –Landuse Planning - a process...

Documents

Transcript of Landuse Planning. What Is Landuse Planning?What Is Landuse Planning? –Landuse Planning - a process...