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CRUISE SHIPS
By Andrea Cavallucci 2015
An Overview
• Introduction
• Origins
• Main fleets
• Itineraries
• Market volumes
• Vocabulary
• Departments
• Cruise segments
• Onboard services
• Purser’s Office
Day 1 Day 2
Agenda
Day 1
Introduction
What sets cruise ships apart from land based vacation destinations?
MISSION STRUCTURE POSITIONING
PRODUCT HR LOGISTICS
HESS MAINTENANCE WEATHER
Mission
The ship is as much a destination as the ports of call visited during the cruise.
To create a memorable vacation experience onboard the ship while visiting the world.
Hotels aim at offering memorable stays and great services, however they are not, in general, the destination (spa resorts are exceptions).
Structure
Static vs Moving
Built on land vs floating on the water
24/7 manned operation
Positioning
Static vs Navigating around the globe
Product
The variety of onboard services, catering and entertainment
options is unique and unmatched
Human Resources
Crew stay onboard between 3 and 9 months at a time.
Teams, of crew from several nationalities, change continuously.
Living conditions onboard, 24/7 on call status.
Logistics
Passengers
Crew
Provisions
Technical spares
Hotel stores
Fuel
Water
Waste
HESS
HEALTH - ENVIRONMENT - SAFETY - SECURITY
A strong commitment and 4 goals managed jointly by the ship’s crew and the shoreside personnel.
Maintenance
99% of repairs are done onboard, by ship’s technicians
Every 3 years ships are taken
out of service for 10 days or
more to be serviced in dry dock
Weather
Weather conditions can
impact the ship’s itinerary
at any time
Modern weather forecast
technology helps prevent
issues
Origins
1837 1844
Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Company is born
Trips from Britain to the Iberian peninsula
Start of passenger service, from England to
Gilbraltar, Malta and Athens
1888
SS Ravenna First ship to be
built with a steel superstructure
1889
SS Valletta First ship with electric light
1900
Completion of the German ship
Prinzessin Victoria Luise, first ship to be
conceived from luxury cruises
1950
Transatlantic voyages
1908
LUSITANIA e MAURITANIA, first ships to feature an elaborate ventilation
system
1819
SS Savannah First steam ship
to cross the Atlantic Ocean
Mail service
1819 - 1950
Queen Elizabeth 2
Celebrities and entertainment.
Single class
TV series “The Love Boat”
New services and features
are introduced
Launch of M/v Oasis of the Seas and M/v Allure of
the Seas are
The ship becomes a
holiday destination, no longer a means of transportation
1969 70’s Dal 1980 2009 / 201050’s & 60’s
Beginning of aviation jets era Decline of transatlantic ships
1950 - 2015
2015
Quantum of the Seas
Main Fleets
25
22
18
15
14
12
11
11
10
7
7
6
6
4
3
Ships <> 300
Total tonnage <> 20 millions
Average tonnage <> 65,000
Itineraries
Mediterraneo Caraibi Canada e New England
Alaska
Antartide
HawaiiTahiti e Pacifico
del sud
Traversata atlantica
Canale di Panama
World Cruise
Giappone
Sud America
Africa
Mar Nero
Nord Europa
AustralasiaScandinavia e
Russia
Just a few examples
World Cruise
Caribbean
Mediterranean
Asia
33334444445
79
1113
25
Turnaround Ports
In USA
Ports of call
Turnaround ports
Seattle, WA
San Francisco, CA
Los Angeles, CA
Long Beach, CA
San Diego, CA
Honolulu
HAWAII
ALASKA
Seward
Juneau
Ketchikan
Skagway
Sitka
Boston
New York, NYBayonne, NJ
Baltimore, MDPhiladelphia, PA
Charleston, SC
Miami, FL
Fort Lauderdale, FLTampa, FL
Jacksonville, FL
Port Canaveral, FL
Norfolk, VA
New Orleans, LA
Mobile, ALGalveston, TX
Santa Barbara, CA
Catalina Island, CA
Anchorage
Houston, TX
HiloKona
KahuluiNawiliwili
Trieste
Savona
In Italy
Ports of call
Turnaround ports
Genoa
La Spezia
Venice
Ravenna
Livorno
Ancona
Bari
Brindisi
Palermo Messina
Naples Salerno
Capri
Civitavecchia
Portofino
Olbia
Giardini Naxos
Portovenere
Great Britain / Ireland 1.730.000
Germany 1.690.000
Italy 870.000
Spain 480.000
France 440.000
Other European Countries 1.110.000
Number of passengers in 2013:
Market Volumes
USA 10,920,000
Europe
6,400,000
Canada
770,000
Rest of the World
3,090,000
21,180,000
Market VolumesM
illio
ns
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
United St
ates
United K
ingdom
Germ
anyIta
ly
Australia
CanadaBr
azil
China
France
Spain
0,480,520,730,730,770,830,871,691,73
10,92
Millions of Passengers per country in 2013
Average pax capacity per ship2,000
(70.000 t / 35)
Total pax capacity600,000
(2,000 pax * 300 ships)
Number of cruises per ship per year
36.5
(365 days / 10 average days per cruise)
Total number of passengers in a year
21,900,000
(600,000 pax * 36.5 no. cruises)
Average number of crew members per ship
800 (2,000 pax / 2.5)
Total number of crew members
240,000 (800 crew * 300 ships)
Total crew members, including crew on leave
600,000 (240.000 * 2.5)
Day 2
Nautical Vocabulary
The word ‘POSH’ originates in the days before air conditioning. Britons travelling on a vessel to India would favour a cabin on the shaded side of the ship, away from the glare and heat of the sun. Thus travelling from UK to India a north facing port cabin cost more than a south facing starboard one. The opposite applied on the return journey. So only the richest could book a cabin that was PORT OUT S TA R B O A R D H O M E . T h i s b e c a m e shortened to ‘posh’.
POSH
English Italian Comment
Aft Poppa The back of the ship
Alleyway Corridoio Corridor
Amidships Centro nave Center part of the ship
Berth Attracco / Ormeggio Docking spot
Berth Cuccetta / letto Allocated bed / cabin
Bow (or Stern) Prora The front of the ship
Bridge PlanciaThe control and navigation center of the
ship
Bulkhead Paratia Structural wall in the interior of the ship
English Italian Comment
Bunk Cuccetta Bed
Davit DavitSteel structure that hoist lifeboats over the
side of the ship
Decks Ponti Floors of the ship
Dock Banchina A place to moor the ship
Draft PescaggioDepth of water (it is measured from the waterline to the lowest part of the ship,
usually the keel)
Drill Esercitazione Emergency drill
Forward Prua Front end of the ship
English Italian Comment
Fathom BraccioMeasurement of water depth (One fathom
equals six feet)
Galley Cucina Ship’s kitchen
Gangway PasserellaEntrance / exit area of the ship used while
docked
Home port Porto di appartenenzaPort where the ship returns to to start a new
cruise
Hull ScafoOutside shell of the ship from the main deck
down to the keel
Keel ChigliaChief structure of the ship that extends lengthwise
along the center of the ship's bottom-the ship's backbone
Knot NodoMeasurement of the ship's speed. One knot
is one nautical mile per hour
Liferaft Zattera di salvataggioA small boat, typically inflatable, for use in
an emergency at sea
English Italian Comment
Latitude LatitudineDistance north or south of the equator
expressed in degrees
League LigaUnit of measurement equal to 3.45 nautical
miles
Leeward SottoventoSide of an island or ship that is sheltered from
the wind
Lines (mooring) Cime di attraccoRopes used to tie up the ship while it is at the
dock
Longitude Longitudine Distance east or west of the prime meridian expressed in degrees
Manning Armamento Crew assigned to a vessel for its operation
Master ComandanteThe Officer in charge of the ship, the
Captain
Mess Mensa The dining area allocated to the crew
English Italian Comment
Moor Ormeggiare To hold the ship in place with lines at a berth
Muster Station Punto di adunataA meeting place onboard the ship that usually refers
to the area where one would go to get into the lifeboats in case of an emergency
Nautical mile Miglia nauticaUnit of measurement equal to one-sixtieth of a
degree of the earth's circumference; measured in the U.S. as 6,080.2 feet or internationally as 6,076.1 feet
Pitch BeccheggioThe forward and backward rise and fall of
the ship as it moves
Port Sinistra nave The left side of the ship when facing the bow
Porthole Oblò A round window on a ship
Purser Commissario di bordoThe officer onboard who serves as a
financial or administrative manager for guest services
English Italian Comment
Roll Rollio The side-to-side movement of the ship
Stabilizer StabilizzatoreA retractable arm located below the waterline
mid-ship, which can be extended to help reduce the ship's roll in rougher sea conditions
Starboard Tribordo Right side of the ship when facing the bow
Tender ScialuppaA small boat used to transport passengers from the
ship to the shore. Tenders are used when the harbor is not deep enough for the ship to dock
Wind (apparent) Vento apparente The apparent-wind is the wind direction and speed which is felt while the boat/ship is moving.
Wind (true) Vento reale o atmosferico The true-wind is the apparent wind felt when the boat/ship is not moving, for example at anchor.
Windward SopravventoThe side of the ship against which the wind is
blowing
Understanding how a cruise ship is operated.
A look at the various departments running the vessel.
2 GROUPS 1 TEAM
Shoreside (HEAD OFFICE)
Shipboard (SHIP’S TEAM)
Executive Management
MARKETING OPERATIONS
LEGAL
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SALES
PUBLIC RELATIONS
HUMAN RESOURCES
FINANCE
Shoreside
MASTER (Captain)
REVENUE AREAS TECHNICAL
DECK
F&B
ENTERTAINMENT
MEDICAL
PURSER
HOUSEKEEPING
Shipboard
Ship’s Team
Master
Statf Captain Chief Engineer Hotel Director
Deck Engine Hotel
BridgeEngine Control
RoomPurser’s Office Tour Desk
Print Shop Housekeeping Hotel Store Incinerator
Provision Rooms Art Gallery Main Laundry Medical Center
Swimming Poolsd Photo Gallery Spa Engine Workshop
Casino Youth Center Theaters Buffet
Galleys Boutiques Broadcast Center Tailor Workshop
Mooring Stations Bars Crew Office Osmosis Plant
Sr./1st Officer
Captain Staff Captain
Sr./2nd Officer 2nd Officer Security Officer
3rd Officer
Commodore
Deck Department
4th Officer Deck Cadet
Deck Department
Environmental Officer
Environmental Officer
2nd Engineer Officer (with Class 1)
1st Engineer; Sr/1st Ventilation Officer; 1st Electronics Officer; 1st
Electro-Technical Officer
3rd Engineer Officer; 3rd Ventilation Officer; 3rd
Electro-Technical Officer; 3rd Electronics Officer
Chief Technical Officer
4th Ventilation Officer; 4th Electro-Technical
Officer; 4th Electronics Officer; 4th Engineer
Officer
Staff Engineer Officer Staff Electro-Technical
Officer
2nd Engineer Officer; 2nd Ventilation Officer; 2nd
Electro-Technical Officer; 2nd Electronics
Officer
Electro-Technical Cadet; Engineering Cadet
Technical Officers
Staff Purser Passenger Services Director
Senior Assistant Purser
First Purser
Assistant Purser Jr. Assistant Purser
Hotel Director
Hotel Officers
Doctor Sr. Doctor Sr. Nurse
Nurse
Medical Officer
EmbarkationCheck-In
Check-OutCruise Disembarkation
1 2 Emergency Drill3
4 5 6
Cruise Segments
Onboard Services
“The Theory of Everything”Onboard a modern cruise ship there’s something for every taste, for everyone, for every day of the cruise. And everything is seamlessly
coordinated and conducted.
Strategy
A compelling argument which is hard to beat.
Purser’s Services
Front DeskLoyatly Program
DeskShore Excursions
Desk
Food & Beverage
Traditional Restaurants
Fast Food Outlets
Specialty Restaurants
Buffets
Tasting EventsBars
Entertainment
Production Shows
Dance Classes
Comedy Acts Movies
Talk Shows
Games
and Much More…
Participation Shows
Acrobacy Shows
Boutiques
Fine Jewelry
Parfumerie Logo Apparel
Fashion Jewelry Watches Shop
Clothing
Electronics Alcohol & Tobacco
Food & Sundries
Seminars Table Sales Events
Photo Gallery
Embarkation Photos
Portrait Stations Photos
High End Portrait Photos
Events Photos Gangway Photos
Canvas Prints
Jpegs Photo Retail Cruise DVD’s
Casino
Tables
Tournaments Lessons
Slot Machines Bingo
Hair Dressing
Fitness Classes Sauna
Massages Acupuncture
Steam Rooms
Beauty Tretments Seminars
Salon & Spa
Auctions
Unveilings Parties
LecturesArt
Demonstrations
Art Gallery
Purser’s Office
Hotel Director
Chief PurserF&B Director Executive Housekeeper
Cruise Director Doctor
Front Office Crew Office
Front Desk Administration Finance
Shore Excursions