Cruise Ships - An Overview

CRUISE SHIPS

By Andrea Cavallucci 2015

An Overview

• Introduction

• Origins

• Main fleets

• Itineraries

• Market volumes

• Vocabulary

• Departments

• Cruise segments

• Onboard services

• Hotel Operations

Day 1 Day 2

Agenda

Introduction

What sets cruise ships apart from land based vacation destinations?

MISSION STRUCTURE POSITIONING

PRODUCT HR LOGISTICS

HESS MAINTENANCE WEATHER

Mission

The ship is as much the destination as the ports of call visited during the cruise.

To create a memorable vacation experience onboard the ship while travelling the world over.

Hotels aim at offering memorable stays and great services, however they are not, in general, the destination (spa resorts are exceptions).

Structure

Static vs Moving

Built on land vs floating on the water

24/7 manned operation

Position

Static vs Moving around the globe

Product

The variety of onboard services, catering and entertainment

options is unique and unmatched

Human Resources

Crew stay onboard between 3 and 10 months at a time.

Teams, of crew from several nationalities, change continuously.

Living conditions onboard, 24/7 on call status.

Logistics

Passengers

Crew

Provisions

Technical spares

Hotel stores

Fuel

Water

Waste

HESS

HEALTH - ENVIRONMENT - SAFETY - SECURITY

A strong commitment and 4 goals managed jointly by the ship’s crew and the shoreside personnel.

Maintenance

99% of repairs are done onboard by ship’s technicians

Every 3 years ships are taken out

of service for 10 days or more to

be serviced in a dry-dock

Weather

Weather conditions can

impact the ship’s itinerary

at any time

Modern weather forecast

technology helps avoid

extreme weather encounters

Origins

1837 1844

Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Company is born

Trips from Britain to the Iberian peninsula

Start of passenger service, from England to

Gilbraltar, Malta and Athens

1888

SS Ravenna First ship to be

built with a steel superstructure

1889

SS Valletta First ship with electric light

1900

Completion of the German ship

Prinzessin Victoria Luise, first ship to be

conceived from luxury cruises

1950

Transatlantic voyages

1908

LUSITANIA e MAURITANIA, first ships to feature an elaborate ventilation

system

1819

SS Savannah First steam ship

to cross the Atlantic Ocean

Mail service

1819 - 1950

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinzessin_Victoria_Luise

Queen Elizabeth 2

Celebrities and entertainment.

Single class

TV series “The Love Boat”

New services and features

are introduced

Launch of M/v Oasis of the Seas

and M/v Allure of the Seas are

The ship becomes a

holiday destination, no longer a means of transportation

1969 70’s Dal 1980 2009 / 201050’s & 60’s

Beginning of aviation jets era Decline of transatlantic ships

1950 - 2015

2015

Quantum of the Seas

Main Fleets

25

22

18

15

14

12

11

11

10

7

7

6

6

4

3

Ships <> 300

Total tonnage <> 20 millions

Average tonnage <> 65,000

Itineraries

Mediterraneo Caraibi Canada e New England

Alaska

Antartide

HawaiiTahiti e Pacifico

del sud

Traversata atlantica

Canale di Panama

World Cruise

Giappone

Sud America

Africa

Mar Nero

Nord Europa

AustralasiaScandinavia e

Russia

Just a few examples

World Cruise

Caribbean

Mediterranean

33334444445

79

1113

25

Turnaround Ports

U.S.A.

Transit ports

Turnaround ports

Seattle, WA

San Francisco, CA

Los Angeles, CA

Long Beach, CA

San Diego, CA

Honolulu

HAWAII

ALASKA

Seward

Juneau

Ketchikan

Skagway

Sitka

Boston

New York, NYBayonne, NJ

Baltimore, MDPhiladelphia, PA

Charleston, SC

Miami, FL

Fort Lauderdale, FLTampa, FL

Jacksonville, FL

Port Canaveral, FL

Norfolk, VA

New Orleans, LA

Mobile, ALGalveston, TX

Santa Barbara, CA

Catalina Island, CA

Anchorage

Houston, TX

HiloKona

KahuluiNawiliwili

Trieste

Savona

Italy

Transits ports

Turnaround ports

Genoa

La Spezia

Venice

Ravenna

Livorno

Ancona

Bari

Brindisi

Palermo Messina

Naples Salerno

Capri

Civitavecchia

Portofino

Olbia

Giardini Naxos

Portovenere

China

Transit ports

Turnaround ports

DALIAN

SHANGHAI

TIANJIN

BEIJING

HONG KONG

MACAU

HAINAN

XIAMEN

HAIKOU

Japan

Transit ports

Turnaround ports

TOKIO

NAGOYA

OSAKA

HIROSHIMA

HAKATA / FUKUOKA

YOKOHAMA

KOBE

NAGASAKI

KAGOSHIMA

NAHA/OKINAWA

SAKAIMINATO

YONAGUNI

AOMORI

HAKODATE

Great Britain / Ireland 1.730.000

Germany 1.690.000

Italy 870.000

Spain 480.000

France 440.000

Other European Countries 1.110.000

Number of passengers in 2013:

Market Volumes

USA 10,920,000

Europe

6,400,000

Canada

770,000

Rest of the World

3,090,000

21,180,000

Market VolumesM

illio

ns

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

United St

ates

United K

ingdom

Germ

anyIta

ly

Australia

CanadaBr

azil

China

France

Spain

0,480,520,730,730,770,830,871,691,73

10,92

Millions of Passengers per country in 2013

Average pax capacity per ship2,000

(70.000 t / 35)

Total pax capacity600,000

(2,000 pax * 300 ships)

Number of cruises per ship per year

36.5

(365 days / 10 average days per cruise)

Total number of passengers in a year

21,900,000

(600,000 pax * 36.5 no. cruises)

Average number of crew members per ship

800 (2,000 pax / 2.5)

Total number of crew members

240,000 (800 crew * 300 ships)

Total crew members, including crew on leave

600,000 (240.000 * 2.5)

Nautical Vocabulary

The word ‘POSH’ originates in the days before air conditioning. Britons travelling on a vessel to India would favour a cabin on the shaded side of the ship, away from the glare and heat of the sun. Thus travelling from UK to India a north facing port cabin cost more than a south facing starboard one. The opposite applied on the return journey. So only the richest could book a cabin that was PORT OUT S TA R B O A R D H O M E . T h i s b e c a m e shortened to ‘posh’.

POSH

English Italian Comment

Aft Poppa The back of the ship

Alleyway Corridoio Corridor

Amidships Centro nave Center part of the ship

Berth Attracco / Ormeggio Docking spot

Berth Cuccetta / letto Allocated bed / cabin

Bow (or Stern) Prora The front of the ship

Bridge PlanciaThe control and navigation center of the

ship

Bulkhead Paratia Structural wall in the interior of the ship


Bunk Cuccetta Bed

Davit DavitSteel structure that hoist lifeboats over the

side of the ship

Decks Ponti Floors of the ship

Dock Banchina A place to moor the ship

Draft PescaggioDepth of water (it is measured from the waterline to the lowest part of the ship,

usually the keel)

Drill Esercitazione Emergency drill

Forward Prua Front end of the ship


Fathom BraccioMeasurement of water depth (One fathom

equals six feet)

Galley Cucina Ship’s kitchen

Gangway PasserellaEntrance / exit area of the ship used while

docked

Home port Porto di appartenenzaPort where the ship returns to to start a new

cruise

Hull ScafoOutside shell of the ship from the main deck

down to the keel

Keel ChigliaChief structure of the ship that extends lengthwise

along the center of the ship's bottom-the ship's backbone

Knot NodoMeasurement of the ship's speed. One knot

is one nautical mile per hour

Liferaft Zattera di salvataggioA small boat, typically inflatable, for use in

an emergency at sea


Latitude LatitudineDistance north or south of the equator

expressed in degrees

League LigaUnit of measurement equal to 3.45 nautical

miles

Leeward SottoventoSide of an island or ship that is sheltered from

the wind

Lines (mooring) Cime di attraccoRopes used to tie up the ship while it is at the

dock

Longitude Longitudine Distance east or west of the prime meridian expressed in degrees

Manning Armamento Crew assigned to a vessel for its operation

Master ComandanteThe Officer in charge of the ship, the

Captain

Mess Mensa The dining area allocated to the crew


Moor Ormeggiare To hold the ship in place with lines at a berth

Muster Station Punto di adunataA meeting place onboard the ship that usually refers

to the area where one would go to get into the lifeboats in case of an emergency

Nautical mile Miglia nauticaUnit of measurement equal to one-sixtieth of a

degree of the earth's circumference; measured in the U.S. as 6,080.2 feet or internationally as 6,076.1 feet

Pitch BeccheggioThe forward and backward rise and fall of

the ship as it moves

Port Sinistra nave The left side of the ship when facing the bow

Porthole Oblò A round window on a ship

Purser Commissario di bordoThe officer onboard who serves as a

financial or administrative manager for guest services


Roll Rollio The side-to-side movement of the ship

Stabilizer StabilizzatoreA retractable arm located below the waterline

mid-ship, which can be extended to help reduce the ship's roll in rougher sea conditions

Starboard Tribordo Right side of the ship when facing the bow

Tender ScialuppaA small boat used to transport passengers from the

ship to the shore. Tenders are used when the harbor is not deep enough for the ship to dock

Wind (apparent) Vento apparente The apparent-wind is the wind direction and speed which is felt while the boat/ship is moving.

Wind (true) Vento reale o atmosferico The true-wind is the apparent wind felt when the boat/ship is not moving, for example at anchor.

Windward SopravventoThe side of the ship against which the wind is

blowing

Understanding how a cruise ship is operated.

A look at the various departments running the vessel.

2 GROUPS 1 TEAM

Shoreside (HEAD OFFICE)

Shipboard (SHIP’S TEAM)

Executive Management

MARKETING OPERATIONS

LEGAL

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SALES

PUBLIC RELATIONS

HUMAN RESOURCES

FINANCE

Shoreside

MASTER (Captain)

REVENUE AREAS TECHNICAL

DECK

F&B

ENTERTAINMENT

MEDICAL

PURSER

HOUSEKEEPING

Shipboard

Ship’s Team

Master

Statf Captain Chief Engineer Hotel Director

Deck Engine Hotel

BridgeEngine Control

RoomPurser’s Office Tour Desk

Print Shop Housekeeping Hotel Store Incinerator

Provision Rooms Art Gallery Main Laundry Medical Center

Swimming Poolsd Photo Gallery Spa Engine Workshop

Casino Youth Center Theaters Buffet

Galleys Boutiques Broadcast Center Tailor Workshop

Mooring Stations Bars Crew Office Osmosis Plant

Sr./1st Officer

Captain Staff Captain

Sr./2nd Officer 2nd Officer Security Officer

3rd Officer

Commodore

Deck Department

4th Officer Deck Cadet

Deck Department

Environmental Officer

Environmental Officer

2nd Engineer Officer (with Class 1)

1st Engineer; Sr/1st Ventilation Officer; 1st Electronics Officer; 1st

Electro-Technical Officer

3rd Engineer Officer; 3rd Ventilation Officer; 3rd

Electro-Technical Officer; 3rd Electronics Officer

Chief Technical Officer

4th Ventilation Officer; 4th Electro-Technical

Officer; 4th Electronics Officer; 4th Engineer

Officer

Staff Engineer Officer Staff Electro-Technical

Officer

2nd Engineer Officer; 2nd Ventilation Officer; 2nd

Electro-Technical Officer; 2nd Electronics

Officer

Electro-Technical Cadet; Engineering Cadet

Technical Officers

Staff Purser Passenger Services Director

Senior Assistant Purser

First Purser

Assistant Purser Jr. Assistant Purser

Hotel Director

Hotel Officers

Doctor Sr. Doctor Sr. Nurse

Nurse

Medical Officer

EmbarkationCheck-In

Check-OutCruise Disembarkation

1 2 Emergency Drill3

4 5 6

Cruise Segments

Onboard Services

“The Theory of Everything”Onboard a modern cruise ship there’s something for every taste, for everyone, for every day of the cruise. And everything is seamlessly

coordinated and conducted.

Strategy

A compelling argument which is hard to beat.

Purser’s Services

Front DeskLoyatly Program

DeskShore Excursions

Desk

Food & Beverage

Traditional Restaurants

Fast Food Outlets

Specialty Restaurants

Buffets

Tasting EventsBars

Entertainment

Production Shows

Dance Classes

Comedy Acts Movies

Talk Shows

Games

and Much More…

Participation Shows

Acrobacy Shows

Boutiques

Fine Jewelry

Parfumerie Logo Apparel

Fashion Jewelry Watches Shop

Clothing

Electronics Alcohol & Tobacco

Food & Sundries

Seminars Table Sales Events

Photo Gallery

Embarkation Photos

Portrait Stations Photos

High End Portrait Photos

Events Photos Gangway Photos

Canvas Prints

Jpegs Photo Retail Cruise DVD’s

Casino

Tables

Tournaments Lessons

Slot Machines Bingo

Hair Dressing

Fitness Classes Sauna

Massages Acupuncture

Steam Rooms

Beauty Tretments Seminars

Salon & Spa

Auctions

Unveilings Parties

LecturesArt

Demonstrations

Art Gallery

Hotel Operations

Hotel Director

AdministrationDirector

F&B DirectorExecutive

Housekeeper Cruise Director

F&B Manager Provision MasterMaitre d’HotelBar Manager Executive Chef Inventory Controller

SanitationOfficer

Auditor

Hotel Operations

Hotel Director

Housekeeping Supervisors

Laundry MasterPublic Areas Supervisors

Open Deck Supervisor

Linenkeeper Tailor



Housekeeper Cruise Director Auditor

Hotel Operations

Hotel Director

Guest Relations Manager

Crew Office Manager

Clearance Officer

Finance Manager

Onboard Revenue Managers

• Casino• Shops• Photo Services• Spa & Beauty Salon• Art Gallery• Future Cruise Consultant

Printer




Loyalty Program Manager

• Night Auditor

Hotel Operations

Hotel Director

Deputy Cruise Director

Line CaptainDJ / Show Host Production Manager

Music Director




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