MEDICAL CARE & SAFETY ONBOARD CRUISE SHIPS Larger cruise ships, new safety challenges.

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MEDICAL CARE & SAFETY ONBOARD CRUISE SHIPS Larger Larger cruise cruise ships, new safety challenges ships, new safety challenges

Transcript of MEDICAL CARE & SAFETY ONBOARD CRUISE SHIPS Larger cruise ships, new safety challenges.

Page 2: MEDICAL CARE & SAFETY ONBOARD CRUISE SHIPS Larger cruise ships, new safety challenges.

Cruises have Cruises have become one of become one of fastest growing fastest growing segments of the segments of the travel industry travel industry during the past during the past

25 years 25 years averaging 8.4% averaging 8.4%

per year. per year.

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When people take a cruise, theyWhen people take a cruise, they

think ofthink of spending a nice dream spending a nice dream vacations, honeymoon, not the vacations, honeymoon, not the

need for health services. Although need for health services. Although cruise ships should not be cruise ships should not be

considered a floating hospital or a considered a floating hospital or a comprehensive medical provider, comprehensive medical provider, the cruise lines understand that the cruise lines understand that some people may have health some people may have health

needs during a cruise.needs during a cruise.

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• Thus, they are committed to providing Thus, they are committed to providing excellent first response and emergency excellent first response and emergency care to passengers until they can be care to passengers until they can be transferred to a shoreside medical transferred to a shoreside medical facility. facility.

• The medical department onboard The medical department onboard provides medical treatment for provides medical treatment for passengers and crew during clinic passengers and crew during clinic hours, and other times for emergencies hours, and other times for emergencies and medical needs.and medical needs.

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• The physician also makes decisions regarding The physician also makes decisions regarding admission of passengers and crew members to admission of passengers and crew members to the ship's infirmary, and on whether or not a the ship's infirmary, and on whether or not a crew member or passenger should disembark crew member or passenger should disembark for medical care on land. for medical care on land.

• Most cruise ship doctors are hired as Most cruise ship doctors are hired as independent contractors. licensed, trained in independent contractors. licensed, trained in emergency medicine and family practice, and a emergency medicine and family practice, and a majority of them must currently be in active majority of them must currently be in active practice when not serving on the shippractice when not serving on the ship

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• All medical staff onboard is certified in All medical staff onboard is certified in Advanced Cardiac Life Support and at least Advanced Cardiac Life Support and at least one doctor on every ship is also certified in one doctor on every ship is also certified in Advanced Trauma Life Support.Advanced Trauma Life Support.

• Number of medical staff onboard depends Number of medical staff onboard depends upon size of the vessel and ranges from one upon size of the vessel and ranges from one doctor and two nurses to two doctors and five doctor and two nurses to two doctors and five nurses It is not uncommon for cruise ships to nurses It is not uncommon for cruise ships to conduct "random" drug tests or crew cabin conduct "random" drug tests or crew cabin inspections.inspections.

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• The medical facilities guidelines The medical facilities guidelines were developed in conjunction with were developed in conjunction with American College of Emergency American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) requirements. Physicians (ACEP) requirements. Member lines of the International Member lines of the International Council of Cruise Lines have agreed Council of Cruise Lines have agreed to meet or exceed these to meet or exceed these requirementsrequirements

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The medical guidelines were put in place toThe medical guidelines were put in place to provide :provide :

EEmergency medical care for passengers and mergency medical care for passengers and crew; crew;

TThe capability to stabilize patients and initiate he capability to stabilize patients and initiate reasonable diagnostic and therapeutic reasonable diagnostic and therapeutic intervention; intervention;

TThe evacuation of seriously ill or injuredhe evacuation of seriously ill or injured patients when deemed necessary by a patients when deemed necessary by a shipboard physicianshipboard physician

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• The ACEP guidelines specify the type and The ACEP guidelines specify the type and quantity of medicines and equipment that quantity of medicines and equipment that must be available on board, such as X-ray, must be available on board, such as X-ray, (AED)defibrillators, EKG, wheelchairs and (AED)defibrillators, EKG, wheelchairs and portable oxygen. portable oxygen. • The average cruise ship has more than The average cruise ship has more than

4,000 smoke detectors and six firefighting 4,000 smoke detectors and six firefighting teams on board. The average response time teams on board. The average response time in an emergency is a matter of minutes, as in an emergency is a matter of minutes, as trained emergency crews and fire teams are trained emergency crews and fire teams are stationed on boardstationed on board..

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PreventionPrevention

Amendments to SOLAS Amendments to SOLAS and the STCW and the STCW

Conventions and Conventions and supporting guidelines supporting guidelines

that focus on fire that focus on fire prevention, navigation prevention, navigation

safety, training and safety, training and contingency planningcontingency planning

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Improved survivabilityImproved survivability

Amendments to SOLAS Amendments to SOLAS chapters II-1 and II-2 chapters II-1 and II-2 and supporting and supporting guidelines that focus on guidelines that focus on essential system essential system redundancy, redundancy, management of management of emergencies and casualty emergencies and casualty mitigation.mitigation.

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Regulatory flexibilityRegulatory flexibility

Amendments to Amendments to SOLAS chapters II-1 SOLAS chapters II-1

and III and supporting and III and supporting guidelines that focus guidelines that focus

on promoting, through on promoting, through rigorous evaluation rigorous evaluation

and approval and approval procedures, the procedures, the

regulatory approval of regulatory approval of new safety new safety

technologies and technologies and arrangements. arrangements.

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Operations in areas remote from Operations in areas remote from SAR facilities SAR facilities

Action taken to develop Action taken to develop amendments to SOLAS chapter amendments to SOLAS chapter III that will focus on reducing the III that will focus on reducing the time it takes to recover persons time it takes to recover persons from survival craft and the water; from survival craft and the water; supporting guidelines approved supporting guidelines approved on external support from SAR on external support from SAR Authorities, as well as guidance Authorities, as well as guidance to assist seafarers taking part into assist seafarers taking part in SARSAR operations.operations.

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Health safety and medical careHealth safety and medical care

Supporting guidelines that focus on Supporting guidelines that focus on establishing medical safety programmes and establishing medical safety programmes and

a revised Guide on Cold Water Survival a revised Guide on Cold Water Survival

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The advanced age of the average cruise ship The advanced age of the average cruise ship passenger and the isolation of the cruise passenger and the isolation of the cruise

environment create a need for high quality environment create a need for high quality medical facilities and staff onboard cruise ships. medical facilities and staff onboard cruise ships.

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TThe regulatory framework should place he regulatory framework should place moremore emphasis on the prevention of a emphasis on the prevention of a

casualty from occurring in the first place. casualty from occurring in the first place.

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FFutuuturre large passenger ships should be e large passenger ships should be designed for improved survivability so that, in designed for improved survivability so that, in

the event of a casualty, persons can stay the event of a casualty, persons can stay safely on board as the ship proceeds to port. safely on board as the ship proceeds to port.

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TThe regulatory framework should permit he regulatory framework should permit alternative designs and arrangements in lieu alternative designs and arrangements in lieu of the prescriptive regulations, provided that of the prescriptive regulations, provided that

at least an equivalent level of safety is at least an equivalent level of safety is achieved. achieved.

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LLarge passenger ships arge passenger ships should be crewed, should be crewed, equipped and have equipped and have

arrangements to ensure arrangements to ensure the safety of persons on the safety of persons on

board for survival in board for survival in the area of operation, the area of operation, taking into account taking into account

climatic conditions and climatic conditions and the availability of SAR the availability of SAR

functions. functions. Pantan Resort -Trogir CroatiaPantan Resort -Trogir Croatia

Sinergy of Nature & HistorySinergy of Nature & History

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LLarge passenger arge passenger ships should be ships should be

crewed and crewed and equipped to ensure equipped to ensure the health safety, the health safety, medical care and medical care and

security of persons security of persons on board until on board until

more specialized more specialized assistance is assistance is

available available

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All cruise ships must meet All cruise ships must meet safety standards set by the safety standards set by the

International Maritime International Maritime Organization enforced Organization enforced

through the International through the International Convention for Safety of Convention for Safety of

Life at Sea (SOLAS). Life at Sea (SOLAS). Ships operating from U.S. Ships operating from U.S.

ports also are subject to ports also are subject to U.S. federal and state U.S. federal and state regulations as well as regulations as well as

periodic safety periodic safety inspections by the U.S. inspections by the U.S.

Coast Guard. Coast Guard.

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According to FBI According to FBI statistics, being on a statistics, being on a

cruise ship is safer than cruise ship is safer than being virtually anywhere being virtually anywhere

in the U.S. in terms of in the U.S. in terms of crimes of any type. crimes of any type.

Serious crime on cruiseSerious crime on cruise ships is extremely low. ships is extremely low.

Crime statistics released Crime statistics released by the International by the International

Council of Cruise Lines Council of Cruise Lines found that 206 complaints found that 206 complaints for passengers and crew for passengers and crew were made between 2003 were made between 2003

and 2005 in a period and 2005 in a period when 31milion people when 31milion people took cruise holidays. took cruise holidays.

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All cruise ships visiting U.S. All cruise ships visiting U.S. ports are subject to periodic ports are subject to periodic

health inspections health inspections conducted by officers of the conducted by officers of the Vessel Sanitation Program Vessel Sanitation Program

(VSP), a segment of the (VSP), a segment of the U.S. Department of Health, U.S. Department of Health, Centers for Disease Control Centers for Disease Control

and Prevention (CDC). and Prevention (CDC). Ships are inspected twice a Ships are inspected twice a

year to ensure that they year to ensure that they meet the sanitation criteria meet the sanitation criteria

established by VSP. established by VSP.

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Two of the most Two of the most prevalent diseases prevalent diseases

that spread through that spread through cruise ship cruise ship

populations are populations are Influenza and Influenza and

Noroviruses. Annual Noroviruses. Annual influenza vaccination influenza vaccination

is the primary is the primary method for method for

preventing influenza preventing influenza and its complications. and its complications.

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Any cruise ship Any cruise ship gastroenteritis gastroenteritis

outbreaks with <outbreaks with < 3% 3% of passengers of passengers

reporting ill should be reporting ill should be considered for considered for investigation. investigation.

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Future of the medical care Future of the medical care onboard cruise ships is the onboard cruise ships is the telemedicine system utilizes telemedicine system utilizes the satellite network as its the satellite network as its communication element. communication element. With an certified doctors With an certified doctors

and nurses onboard, and nurses onboard, telemedicine also makes the telemedicine also makes the

specialist resources of specialist resources of various land-based at one various land-based at one

of their affiliated Clinics or of their affiliated Clinics or hospital experts available hospital experts available

24 hours a day.24 hours a day.

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It is an unfortunate fact that It is an unfortunate fact that some people have their some people have their dream cruise vacation dream cruise vacation

marred by an accident or marred by an accident or injury. Cruise ships are injury. Cruise ships are

essentially floating hotels and essentially floating hotels and are susceptible to the same are susceptible to the same types of accidents as other types of accidents as other buildings, and also have buildings, and also have

many unique danger areas. many unique danger areas.

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Some of passengers or Some of passengers or crew members are just crew members are just ''fortune hunter'' and ''fortune hunter'' and

try to take legal try to take legal advantage of these advantage of these facts. The author of facts. The author of

this article lost his first this article lost his first job pointing for job pointing for

impropriate, unsafe impropriate, unsafe asbestos removals asbestos removals

onboard. onboard.

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TThe modern cruise giants have the he modern cruise giants have the power and speed to dodge the power and speed to dodge the weather, they are particularly weather, they are particularly

vulnerable to fire. Every passenger is vulnerable to fire. Every passenger is a potential ignition source a potential ignition source

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A A cruise offers all the things most people want in a cruise offers all the things most people want in a vacation vacation -- romance, excitement, relaxation, adventure, romance, excitement, relaxation, adventure,

escape, discovery, luxury. escape, discovery, luxury.

Mr.Gordan Baraka & Adria Mare Team

Thank you!

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E-MAILE-MAIL

[email protected]@hotmail.com

PRESENTED BYPRESENTED BY

dr.Mladen Pavićdr.Mladen Pavić M.D.M.D.