Anti Psi Cot

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F U N D A C I NR A M N A R E C E S

Simposio InternacionalNanomateriales y Funcionalidad

International SymposiumNanomaterials and Functionality

Valencia, 25-26 de mayo de 2010May 25-26, 2010

RESMENES DE LAS PONENCIASABSTRACTS


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Simposio Internacional: Nanomateriales y FuncionalidadInternational Symposium: Nanomaterials and Functionality

F U N D A C I N R A M N A R E C E S

ndice / Index

1. Diseo de nanopartculas metlicas plasmnicas para la deteccin y el

marcaje. Luis M. Liz-Marzn

2. Sntesis de catalizadores y slidos funcionales mediante diseo a escala

nanomtrica. Ferdi Schth

3. Rutas basadas en qumica integradora para la sntesis de materiales

funcionales nanoestructurados. Clment Snchez

4. Activacin de enlaces mltiples C-C con catalizadores homogneos y

heterogneos. Dean Toste

5. Nanociencia aplicada a celdas solares. Fernando Briones Fernndez-Pola

6. Polmeros de coordinacin porosos y blandos. Susumu Kitawaga

7. Sistemas silceos funcionales para la liberacin controlada de agentes

teraputicos y el diseo de tejidos. Mara Vallet- Reg

8. Fullerenos para electrnica orgnica. Nazario Martn Len

9. Interrelacin entre metalodendrmeros y nanopartculas en reconocimiento

molecular, electrnica y catlisis. Didier Astruc

10. Nuevas terapias del cncer basadas en nanopartculas. Omid C. Farokzhad

11. Uniones nanocristalinas y celdas solares mesoscpicas. James Durrant


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Diseo de nanopartculas metlicas plasmnicas para la deteccin y el

marcaje.Luis M. Liz-Marzn

Departmento de Qumica Fsica, and Unidad Asociada CSIC-Universidade de Vigo,36310 Vigo, Spain

E-mail: [email protected]

Las nanopartculas metlicas presentan propiedades pticas interesantesrelacionadas con resonancias de plasmn superficial localizado (LSPR), que danlugar a picos de absorcin y dispersin bien definidos en el visible y el IR cercano.

Dichas resonancias se pueden ajustar a travs del tamao y la forma de las

nanopartculas, pero tambin son muy sensibles a cambios dielctricos en lascercanas de la superficie de las partculas. Por lo tanto, las nanopartculasmetlicas se han propuesto como candidatos ideales para aplicaciones enbiosensores. Adems, las resonancias de plasmon superficial se caracterizan porgrandes aumentos del campo electric en la superficie de las partculas, que sonresponsables de la llamada dispersin Raman aumentada en superficies (SERS).

El SERS ha hecho de la espectroscopa Raman una tcnica analtica muypotente que permite realizar anlisis qumico o bioqumico ultrasensible, ya que lassecciones eficaces de dispersin Raman se pueden incrementar hasta 10 rdenesde magnitud,[1] por lo que se pueden detectar cantidades muy pequeas de

analito. En esta comunicacin se presentan varios ejemplos de nuevas estrategiaspara el uso de nanoestructuras coloidales basadas en oro y/o plata con distintasmorfologas, como sustratos para la deteccin ultrasensible de una gran variedadde analitos, como metabolitos de drogas o contaminantes medioambientales comdioxinas o DDT, lo cual requiere el diseo de nuevos sistemas para atraparlos enproximidad suficiente a las nanoestructuras metlicas.[2-4].

Por otra parte, se presenta tambin el desarrollo de sistemas coloidalesmultifunctionales basados en nanopartculas de oro confinadas en cpsulas deslice como una solucin nica para la fabricacin de esferas codificadas en SERS.Estas esferas se pueden integrar en ensayos de deteccin basados en

interacciones de reconocimiento especfico receptor-ligando (anticuerpo-antgeno uoligonucletidos complementarios), ya que la magnificacin de la seal vibracionalque se alcanza en SERS puede conducir a una disminucin significativa del tiempode lectura y el tamao de partculas, en comparacin con otras esferas codificadasms habituales.[5,6]

[1] L. Rodrguez-Lorenzo, R.A. lvarez-Puebla, I. Pastoriza-Santos, S. Mazzucco, O. Stphan, M. Kociak, L.M. Liz-Marzn,

F.J. Garca de Abajo, J. Am. Chem. Soc.2009, 131, 4616.


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[2] R. A. lvarez-Puebla; R. Contreras-Cceres; I. Pastoriza-Santos; J. Prez-Juste; L. M. Liz-Marzn Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.

2009, 48, 138.

[3] S. Abalde-Cela, S. Ho, B. Rodrguez-Gonzlez, M.A. Correa-Duarte, R.A. lvarez-Puebla, L.M. Liz-Marzn, N.A. Kotov

Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.2009, 48, 5236.

[4] P. Aldeanueva-Potel, E. Faoucher, R.A. Alvarez-Puebla, L.M. Liz-Marzn, M. Brust Anal. Chem.2009, 81, 9233.

[5] M. Sanles-Sobrido, W. Exner, L. Rodrguez-Lorenzo, B. Rodrguez-Gonzlez, M.A. Correa-Duarte, R.A. lvarez-Puebla,

L.M. Liz-Marzn, J. Am. Chem. Soc.2009, 131, 2699.[6] C. Fernndez-Lpez, C. Mateo-Mateo, R.A. lvarez-Puebla, J. Prez-Juste, I. Pastoriza-Santos, L.M. Liz-Marzn,Langmuir2009, 25, 13894.

*Todos los derechos de propiedad intelectual son del autor. Queda prohibida la reproduccin total o parcial de la obra sinautorizacin expresa del autor. FUNDACIN RAMN ARECES. Todos los derechos reservados.

*All intellectual property rights belong to the author. Total or partial reproduction of the work without express permission of theauthor is forbidden. FUNDACIN RAMN ARECES. All rights reserved.

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Sntesis de catalizadores y slidos funcionales mediante diseo a escala

nanomtricaNanoscale design for the synthesis of catalysts and functional solids

Ferdi Schth,MPI fr Kohlenforschung

Recent advances in the control of structures on the length scale ofnanometers by targeted synthesis, self-assembly and replication have openednovel opportunities for the generation of functional nanocomposites by design.Solid catalysts are high on the target list for such efforts, but also materials for otherapplications can be created by such approaches. The presentation will highlight

some recent examples. By a combination of nanoparticle synthesis and variousnanocasting methods, different types of magnetically separable catalysts can beproduced. Similar methods allow the creation of highly thermally stable catalysts bycontrolled incorporation of nanoparticles into protecting shells. Porousfunctionalized polymers are highly interesting catalysts for the liquid phaseconversion of biomass-derived molecules. Also such systems are accessible bycasting techniques on the nanoscale. However, nanoscale-designed porousmaterials find applications beyond catalysis. A high performance carbon adsorbenthas been developed which was scaled up to the 10 kg scale and which is now inpilot tests in a large scale application.



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Rutas basadas en qumica integradora para la sntesis de materialesfuncionales nanoestructurados

Clment SnchezLaboratoire de Chimie de la Matire Condense de Paris, CNRS, Universit Pierre et Marie Curie.Collge de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, Btiment D. 75231, Paris, France.

[email protected]

Los materiales hbridos orgnico-inorgnicos pueden ser definidos, de formageneral, como materiales sintticos con componentes orgnicos e inorgnicosmezclados ntimamente (o a nivel molecular). Pueden ser sistemas homogneosderivados de monmeros y componentes miscibles, o sistemas heterogneos, con

separacin de fases, donde al menos uno de los dominios de los componentestiene una dimensin de unos pocos nanmetros. La investigacin sobrenanocompuestos hbridos ha experimentado un crecimiento explosivo desde ladcada de 1980, con la expansin de los procesos de qumica inorgnica suave.Las condiciones de sntesis suaves proporcionadas por el mtodo sol-gel, talescomo: precursores organometlicos, bajas temperaturas de procesado y laversatilidad del estado coloidal, permiten la mezcla de las especies orgnicas einorgnicas a escala nanomtrica en prcticamente cualquier proporcin. Estascaractersticas, y el avance de la qumica organometlica y de polmeros y el

procesado sol-gel, hacen posible un alto grado de control sobre la composicin yestructura (incluyendo nanoestructura) de estos materiales, que presentan lasrelaciones estructura-propiedad variables. Esto, a su vez, permite adaptar y ajustarpropiedades (mecnicas, pticas, electrnicas, trmicas, qumicas...) en rangosmuy amplios, y disear sistemas para aplicaciones especficas. Los materialeshbridos se pueden procesar en forma de geles, monolitos, pelculas delgadas,fibras, partculas o polvo. La variedad aparentemente ilimitada, el control sobre laestructura y propiedades, y la flexibilidad de composicin de estos materiales, lesconfiere un gran potencial. De hecho, los materiales hbridos ya estn siendo

comercializados. Una de las singularidades de estos materiales es que suspropiedades dependen no slo de la naturaleza qumica de los constituyentesorgnicos e inorgnicos, sino tambin del grado de sinergia entre ellos. Por lotanto, la interfase entre los distintos dominios es de suma importancia. De hecho,un punto clave en la sntesis es el control de esta interfase, la interfase hbrida.

Los materiales hbridos se pueden clasificar en dos tipos dependiendo de lanaturaleza de las uniones y las interacciones existentes en la interfase hbrida. Loshbridos de Clase Iincluyen todos los sistemas donde no existen enlaces
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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covalentes o iono-covalentes entre los componentes orgnicos e inorgnicos. Por

lo tanto, slo estn presentes fuerzas de Van der Waals, puentes de hidrgeno ointeracciones electrostticas. Por el contrario, en los hbridos de Clase II, al menosalgunas partes de los componentes inorgnicos y orgnicos estn vinculados atravs de enlaces covalentes o iono-covalentes fuertes. Los hbridos tambinpueden caracterizarse por el tipo y tamao de los precursores orgnicos einorgnicos. Los precursores pueden ser dos monmeros separados o polmeros,o pueden estar unidos covalentemente. En general, la separacin de fases entrelos componentes orgnicos e inorgnicos se producir debido a la insolubilidadmutua. Sin embargo, es posible obtener hbridos homogneos o monofsicos

eligiendo monmeros bifuncionales que presenten componentes orgnicos einorgnicos, o combinando ambos tipos de componentes en fases en las que unode ellos est en gran exceso.

En esta conferencia se presentan algunas de las rutas y estrategiasgenerales que se pueden utilizar para obtener materiales hbridos orgnico-inorgnicos a medida. La figura ilustra las vas qumicas empleadas parapreparar materiales hbridos: desde dispersiones mutuas de dominios polimricos

obtenidas por la combinacin de tcnicas sol-gel y de polimerizacin (ruta A),hasta el ensamblado de nano bloques de construction bien definidos (nanobuildingblocks, NBB) a travs de separadores o por polimerizacin de NBB funcionales(Ruta B), pasando por sistemas de porosidad organizada en los que se combina laqumica sol-gel y las tcnicas de auto-ensamblaje (Ruta C). Los materiales conestructuras jerrquicas y formas complejas pueden obtenerse igualmente por"estrategias integrativas", es decir, mediante la combinacin de la segregacin defases, las interacciones selectivas y morfosntesis para el tndem sol-gel/auto-ensamblado (Ruta D). Se pueden crear, as, nuevas fases, compuestos o

dispersiones que exhiben propiedades originales (almacenamiento qumico,sensores, liberacin controlada...) de gran repercusin en la tecnologa del sigloXXI. La construccin qumica de integracin y el diseo de materiales conarquitecturas ordenadas de largo alcance (ms all del tamao nanmetro) siguesiendo un importante reto en el nuevo campo de la Qumica de la MateriaOrganizada.


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Algunos artculos de revisin en dicho campo del Grupo de Materiales

hbridos del LCMCP:*Design, Synthesis, and Properties of Inorganic and Hybrid Thin Films HavingPeriodically Organized Nanoporosity. C. Sanchez, C. Boissire, D. Grosso, C.Laberty and L. Nicole. Chem. Mater., 2008, 20, 682*Applications of hybrid organicinorganic nanocomposites, C. Sanchez, M.Popall, B. Julian, P. Belleville. J. Mater. Chem., 2005, 15, 3559*Inorganic and Hybrid Nanofibrous Materials Templated with Organogelators,M. Llusar and C. Sanchez. Chem. Mater. 2008,20, 782*Bio-Inspired Synthetic Pathways and Beyond: Integrative ChemistryE. Prouzet, S. Ravaine, C. Sanchez and R. Backov. New J. Chem., 2008, 32, 1284

*Photonic and nanobiophotonic properties of luminescent lanthanide-dopedhybrid organic-inorganic materials,P. Escribano, B. Julin-Lpez, J. Planelles,E. Cordoncillo, B. Viana and C. Sanchez. J. Mater. Chem., 2008, 18, 23*Biomimetism and bioinspiration as tools for the design of innovativematerials and systemsC. Sanchez, M.M. Giraud Guille, H. Arribart. Nature Materials, 2005, 4, 277*Mesostructured Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Thin FilmsL. Nicole, C. Boissire, D. Grosso, A. Quach and C. Sanchez. J. Mater. Chem.,2005, 15, 3598*Mechanical properties of hybrid organic-inorganic materials, F. Mammeri, E.Le Bourhis, L. Rozes, C. Sanchez, J. Mater. Chem., 2005, 15, 3787.*Titanium-oxo clusters, versatile nanobuilding blocks for the design ofadvanced hybrid materials, L. Rozes, N. Steunou, G. Fornasieri, C. Sanchez.Monatshefte fr Chemie, 2006, 137, 501-528*Chemical Strategies to Design Textured Materials: From Microporous andMesoporous Oxides to Nanonetworks and Hierarchical Structures, G. J. A. A.Soler-Illia, C. Sanchez, B. Lebeau and J. Patarin. Chem. Rev., 2002, 102, 4093*Designed Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposites from FunctionalNanobuilding BlocksC. Sanchez, G. J. A. A. Soler-Illia, F. Ribot, T. Lalot, C. R. Mayer and V. Cabuil.Chem. Mater., 2001, 13, 3061*Optical Properties of Functional Hybrid Organic-Inorganic NanocompositesC. Sanchez, B. Lebeau, F. Chaput and J. P. Boilot. Adv. Mater., 2003, 15, 1969*Design of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Materials Synthesized Via Sol-GelChemistry


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C. Sanchez and F. Ribot. New J. Chem., 1994, 18, 1007

*Chimie Douce: a land of opportunities for the controlled designed construction of functionalinorganic and hybrid inorganic-organic nanostructured materials. C. Sanchez, C. Boissire,

D.Grosso, C. Laberty and L. Nicole. C. R. Acad. Sci. Chim.,

2010.

*Todos los derechos de propiedad intelectual son del autor. Queda prohibida la reproduccin total o 0parcial de la obra sinautorizacin expresa del autor. FUNDACIN RAMN ARECES. Todos los derechos reservados.


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Activacin de enlaces mltiples C-C con catalizadores homogneos yheterogneos

Activation of C-C Multiple Bonds with Homogeneous and Heterogeneous MetalCatalysts

Dean TosteDepartment of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley

Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USAe-mail: [email protected]

This lecture will focus on the use of electrophilic late transition metalcatalysts for the activation of C-C multiple bonds. The initial studies wereconducted with homogenous catalysts, primarily derived from cationic Au(I)complexes, for activation of alkynes and allenes. These cationic complexes are

capable of promoting addition and rearrangement reactions of these functionalgroups. Attempts to develop heterogenous variants of these catalysts lead to theuse of Pt-nanoparticples as precursors for heterogenous electrophilic catalysts.Studies on the in situgeneration and reactivity of electrophilic platinum catalystsfrom stabilized Pt-nanoparticles will be presented.

*Todos los derechos de propiedad intelectual son del autor. Queda prohibida la reproduccin total o parcial de la obra sin

autorizacin expresa del autor. FUNDACIN RAMN ARECES. Todos los derechos reservados.


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Nanociencia aplicada a celdas solaresNanotechnoly for advanced photovoltaic solar cells

Fernando Briones Fernndez-PolaInstituto de Microelectrnica de Madrid- CSIC

After a brief introduction on the potential of solar energy harvestingtechnologies to help achieving a future globally sustainable energy supply, apresentation will follow on the specific photovoltaic systems where semiconductorquantum nanostructures are the base of high efficiency photon/electric energyconversion. MBE technology is the most advanced and versatile technique tocreate highly perfect single-crystalline semiconductor heterostructures with superbcontrol of dimensions, composition and doping in the nanoscale, due to theavailability of a variety of in-situ control and characterization techniques. We will

describe how MBE is applied in the author`s laboratory to create model structures,incorporating self-assembled Quantum Dots, Quantum Wires in the InAs/GaAs orInAs/InP systems, and nano-photonics and tunnel junctions, that should allow totest new ideas, to study the physics of novel devices and to obtain realisticestimations on the feasibility of advanced designs for high efficiency solar cells.We conclude that in the next future, similarly to what has been happening in themicroelectronics field, a remarkable photovoltaic cell sophistication and efficiency

will be compatible with large scale, low cost, world wide implementation.



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Polmeros de coordinacin porosos y blandosSoft Porous Coordination Polymers

Susumu KitagawaiCeMs. Kyoto University. Kyoto. Japn.

Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, and Department of Synthetic Chemistry and

Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan,

ERATO Kitagawa Integrated Pores Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST),

Kyoto Research Park Bldg #3, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8815, Japan

[email protected]

The recent advent of porous coordination polymers (PCPs) or Metal OrganicFrameworks (MOFs) as new functional microporous materials, have attracted theattention of chemists and physicists due to not only scientific but also applicationinterest in the creation of unprecedented regular nano-sized spaces and in the

finding of novel phenomena.1-4 We have found flexible porous frameworks, whichrespond to specific guests, dissimilar to the conventional porous materials.5 Wecall this new material as soft porous crystal (SPC). Soft porous crystals herein aredefined as solids possessing both highly ordered network and structuraltransformability. Soft porous crystals fulfill the following conditions:1)crystallinematerials, having long-range structural ordering. 2)solid materials with softness,which can be rephrased as a reversible transformability, possessing bistable ormulti-stable states. 3)porous material with permanent porosity, without anirreversible structural collapse accompanying with a guest removal and with areproducible guest adsorption property, at least in one state. Note that the term ofpermanent porosity is that at least one crystal phase possesses space to beoccupied with guest molecules. SPCs provide us with various unique functions onconfinement and recognition of guest molecules, and responsiveness to chemicaland/or physical stimuli. They also afford the efficient reaction vessels, which allowcontrolled living radical polymerization as well as stereoregulated polymerization ofsubstituted acetylenes.6,7 Very recently, we have provided bidrirectional chemo-switching SPC with the aid of spin crossover properties8 and a highly protonconductive aluminum PCP having one-dimensional imidazole Aggregate at hightemperature.9

1.S. Kitagawa, et.al.,Angew. Chem. Int. Ed,, 2004, 43, 2334 (Reviews). 2. R.Kitaura, et.al., Science, 2002, 298,

2358. 3. S.Kitagawa,Nature, 2006,441,584. 4. R. Matsuda, et.al.,Nature, 2005, 436, 238. 5. S.Horike,et.al.,Nature Chemistry , 2009,1,695. (Reviews). 6. T.Uemura, et.al., Chem.Asian J. 2006. 1. 36. (FocusReview). 7. T.Uemura et.al., Chem.Soc.Rev.2009, 38, 1228. 8. M.Ohba, et.al.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009,48, 4767. 9. S. Bureekaew, et.al.,Nature Mater., 2009, 8,831.



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Sistemas silceos funcionales para la liberacin controlada de agentesteraputicos y el diseo de tejidos

Mara Vallet- RegDepartamento de Qumica Inorgnica y Bioinorgnica. Facultad de Farmacia. UniversidadComplutense de Madrid. 28040-Spain,Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red. Bioingeniera,

Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain

En los ltimos aos se ha puesto de manifiesto el inters de matricesmesoporosas ordenadas de slice en aplicaciones biomdicas.

Este inters est directamente relacionado con la composicin qumica de lasuperficie de estas matrices y con sus propiedades texturales.

En la composicin qumica de la superficie existen numerosos grupossilanol, responsables en gran medida de la bioactividad de estas matrices. Estapropiedad hace que estos materiales sean aptos, en principio, para regeneracinde tejidos seos. Adicionalmente la presencia de estos grupos silanol permite lafuncionalizacin de su superficie con una gran variedad de grupos funcionales,abriendo un abanico de inmensas posibilidades dentro del mundo biotecnolgico.

Estas matrices estn sintetizadas a partir de surfactantes, que funcionandoa modo de plantillas, y tras ser eliminados una vez cumplida su funcin de agentesdirectores de la estructura, permiten obtener una gran diversidad de materiales

mesoporosos con distintas estructuras. Los poros de estas matrices se puedencargar con molculas orgnicas, que posteriormente se pueden liberar de formacontrolada.

La combinacin de ambas propiedades, bioactividad y sistemas deliberacin controlada, hace de estas matrices materiales con enorme potencialpara aplicaciones biomdicas.

La liberacin controlada de molculas biolgicamente activas desdematrices mesoporosas ordenadas de slice y la aplicacin de estas matrices enregeneracin de tejidos seos son dos aspectos a desarrollar en esta conferencia.

M. Vallet-Reg, F. Balas, D. Arcos. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 46, 7548-7558, 2007.M. Vallet-Reg, F. Balas, M. Colilla, M. Manzano. Prog. Sol. Stat. Chem. 36, 163-191, 2008.M. Vallet-Reg. J. Internal Medicine. 267, 22-43, 2010.M. Vallet-Reg, M. Manzano,J.M. Gonzlez-Calbet and E. Okunishid. Chem. Commun. 46,2956-2958,2010.



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Fullerenos para electrnica orgnicaFullerenes for organic electronics

Nazario Martn LenDepartamento de Qumica Orgnica, Facultad de Qumica, Universidad Complutense, E-28040Madrid, Spain IMDEA-Nanociencia. Cantoblanco. Madrid, Spain.

(Tel., +34 91 3944227; e-mail:[email protected]), http://www.ucm.es/info/fullerene

Fullerenes are electron accepting carbon allotropes which have beensuccessfully used as materials of interest in the so called organic electronics. Inparticular, we have used fullerenes in organic photovoltaics (PV), by blending witha variety of semiconducting polymeric materials. The former PV devices werebased on the concept of mixing an electron donor polymer (p-type component) andthe fullerene derivative as the acceptor (n-type component) in two layer (p/n)

photovoltaic cells, in which the electronic interaction was limited to the interfacebetween both materials. A further improvement resulted from the concept of bulkheterojunction solar cells, which drastically enhanced the interaction between thetwo components and, therefore, the efficiency of electron transfer and thephotovoltaic device.

In this lecture, the state of the art in fullerene-based fully organic PV deviceswill be presented,1 followed by those results from our group directed to thepreparation of alternative fullerenes in the search for better materials andefficiencies.2 The ordering of fullerenes on solid surfaces will be also presented. 3Finally, the last approaches to new fullerene-based materials as alternatives to the

classic systems will be also discussed.4

1 J. L. Delgado, S. Filippone, M. A. Herranz, P. A. Bouit, N. Martn, Chem. Commun. 2010, in press.1 J. L. Delgado, E. Espldora, M. Liedtke, A. Sperlich, D. Rauh, A. Baumann, C. Deibel, V. Dyakonov, N. Martn, Chem. Eur. J. 2009, 15,13474 13482.1 a) R. Otero, D. cija, G. Fernndez, J. M. Gallego, L. Snchez, N. Martn, R. Miranda, Nano Lett. 2007, 7, 2602; b) D. cija, R. Otero,L. Snchez, J. M. Gallego, Y. Wang, M. Alcam, F. Martn; N. Martn, R. Miranda, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 7844.1 J. R. Pinzn, M. E. Plonska-Brzezinska, C. M. Cardona, A. J. Athans, S. Shankara, D. M. Guldi, M. A. Herranz, N. Martn, T. Torres, L.Echegoyen,Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 4173 4176.



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Interrelacin entre metalodendrmeros y nanopartculas en reconocimientomolecular, electrnica y catlisis

Interplay between metallodendrimers and nanoparticles for molecular electronics,sensing and catalysis

Didier AstrucISM, UMR CNRS N 5255, University Bordeaux I, 33405 TALENCE Cedex, FRANCE

e-mail: [email protected]

In the first part of the lecture, we will illustrate the access and potential ofmretallodendrimers1 as templating agents and sensors including molecularelectronic devices.2

In the second part, we will emphasize the interplay between dendrimers andAuNPs,3 and PdNPs4 for sensing (such as ATP in solution or on modifiedelectrodes) and catalysis and in particular the u e of dendrimer-stabilizednanoparticles in green catalysis.5

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References

1. D. Astruc, E. Boisselier, C. Ornelas, Chem. Rev. 2010, 110,2. C. Ornelas, J. Ruiz, C. Belin, D. Astruc J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2009, 131, 590-601; A. Wang, C. Ornelas, D. Astruc,

P. Hapiot J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 66526653; A. K. Diallo, J.-C. Daran, F. Varret, J. Ruiz, D. Astruc Angew.Chem., Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 3141-3145.

3. E. Boisselier, A. K. Diallo, L. Salmon, C. Ornelas, J. Ruiz, Didier Astruc J. Am. Chem. Soc.2010, 132, 000.4. D. Astruc, F. Lu, J. Ruiz Aranzaes Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005,44, 7852-7872. C. Ornelas, J. Ruiz Aranzaes, E.

Cloutet, S. Alves, D. Astruc Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2007, 46,872-877. A. K . Diallo, C. Ornelas, L. Salmon, J.Ruiz, D. Astruc Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 2007, 46, 8644-8648.

5. D. Astruc, C. Ornelas, J. Ruiz Acc. Chem. Res., 2008, 41, 841-856.



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Nuevas terapias del cncer basadas en nanopartculasMedicinal nanoengineering: multifunctional polymeric nanoparticles for medical

applicationsOmid C. Farokzhad

Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials, Department of AnesthesiologyBrigham and Womens Hospital and Harvard Medical School

75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115Fax: +617-730-2801 E-mail address:[email protected]

A variety of organic and inorganic materials have been utilized to generatenanoparticles for drug delivery applications, including polymeric nanoparticles,dendrimers, nanoshells, liposomes, nucleic acid based nanoparticles, magneticnanoparticles, and virus nanoparticles. The two most commonly used systems are

polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes [1, 2]. Controlled release polymertechnology has impacted virtually every branch of medicine, includingophthalmology, pulmonary, pain medicine, endocrinology, cardiology, orthopedics,immunology, neurology and dentistry, with several of these systems in clinicalpractice today such as Atridox, Lupron Depot, Gliadel, Zoladex, Trelstart Depot,Risperidol Consta and Sandostatin LAR. The annual worldwide market of controlledrelease polymer systems which extends beyond drug delivery is now estimated at$100 billion and these systems are used by over 100 million people each year.Polymeric nanoparticles can deliver drugs in the optimum dosage over time, thusincreasing the efficacy of the drug, maximizing patient compliance and enhancingthe ability to use highly toxic, poorly soluble, or relatively unstable drugs. These

systems can also be used to co-deliver two or more drugs for combination therapy[3]. The surface engineering of these nanoparticles may yield them stealth toprolong their residence in blood [4] and the functionalization of these particles withtargeting ligands can differentially target their delivery or update by a subset of cells[5], further increasing their specificity and efficacy [6]. The successful clinicaltranslation of therapeutic nanoparticles requires optimization of many distinctparameters including: variation in the composition of the carrier system, drugloading efficiency, surface hydrophilicity, surface charge, particle size, density ofpossible ligands for targeting, etc., resulting in a large number of potential variablesfor optimization which is impractical to achieve using a low throughput approach.More recently combinatorial approaches have been developed to precisely

engineer nanoparticles and screen multiple nanoparticle characteristicssimultaneously with the goal of identifying formulations with the desired physicaland biochemical properties for each specific application [7]. The goal of this talk isto summarize the key components required for creating effective targetednanoparticle conjugates. The structure and properties of various targeting ligands,as well as the development and evaluation of therapeutic and imaging conjugatesthat take advantage of the unique properties of these of these ligands will bediscussed.

References1. Langer, R., Drug delivery and targeting. Nature,1998. 392(6679 Suppl): p. 5-10.2. Brannon-Peppas, L. and J.O. Blanchette, Nanoparticle and targeted systems for cancer therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev,

2004. 56(11): p. 1649-59.
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3. Zhang, L., et al., Co-delivery of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs from nanoparticle-aptamer bioconjugates.ChemMedChem, 2007. 2(9): p. 1268-71.4. Gref, R., et al., Biodegradable long-circulating polymeric nanospheres. Science,1994. 263(5153): p. 1600-3.5. Farokhzad, O.C., et al., Nanoparticle-aptamer bioconjugates: a new approach for targeting prostate cancer cells. CancerRes, 2004. 64(21): p. 7668-72.6. Farokhzad, O.C., et al., Targeted nanoparticle-aptamer bioconjugates for cancer chemotherapy in vivo. Proc Natl Acad SciU S A, 2006. 103(16): p. 6315-20.7. Gu, F., et al., Precise engineering of targeted nanoparticles by using self-assembled biointegrated block copolymers. ProcNatl Acad Sci U S A, 2008. 105(7): p. 2586-91.


*All intellectual property rights belong to the author. Total or partial reproduction of the work without express permission of the

author is forbidden. FUNDACIN RAMN ARECES. All rights reserved.

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Uniones nanocristalinas y celdas solares mesoscpicasNanostructures for solar energy conversion

James DurrantCentre for Plastic Electronics, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London SW7 2AZ,[email protected]

The reaction centres of photosynthetic organisms are undoubtedly the mostsophisticated examples of photochemical energy conversion systems. They haveinspired chemists to synthesize artificial photosynthetic systems, such as moleculardonor / acceptor systems and light harvesting arrays capable of emulating at leastkey elements of their function. In parallel with these advances in artificialhotosynthesis, attention has increasingly turned to the possibility of fabricatingphotovoltaic solar cells based upon molecular or polymer light absorbers. Molecular

based solar cells offer the potential for efficient solar energy conversion using lowcost materials and fabrication techniques1. Significant progress is now being madetowards the commercial production of such devices for specific market applications.However at present the efficiencies and durabilities of molecular and polymerbased devices remain modest in comparison to silicon based solar cells, and muchresearch and development work remains to be undertaken before such devices caneffectively compete with silicon devices for large scale solar energy conversion.

In this talk, I will be some of the recent work we have been undertaking atImperial College towards both solar photovoltaic1,2 and solar to fuel3 energyconversion systems. My lecture will focus upon the light driven charge separation

process which underlies the function of such systems. I will make clear parallelswith the charge separation process in photosynthesis. Issues I will aim to coverinclude a comparison of the parameters influencing charge photogeneration in dyesensitised, nanocrystalline and polymer based solar cells, a comparison betweencharge photogeneration for molecular donor / acceptor structures in solution and inthe solid state, the impact of interfacial dynamics upon photovoltaic deviceperformance and the coupling of charge separation to fuel generation on metaloxide nanostructures.

1. Clarke TM, Durrant JR, Charge Photogeneration in Organic Solar Cells., Chem Rev, 2010, ACS ASAP.

2. O'Regan BC, Durrant JR, Kinetic and energetic paradigms for dye-sensitized solar cells: moving from the

ideal to the real., Acc Chem Res, 2009, Vol:42, 1799-1808.

3. Tang J, Durrant JR, Klug DR, Mechanism of photocatalytic water splitting in TiO2. Reaction of water withphotoholes, importance of charge carrier dynamics, and evidence for four-hole chemistry., J Am Chem Soc,2008, Vol:130, 13885-13891.



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