The Age of Jackson(1824-1845)

I. The Corrupt Bargain of 1824

1. John Q. Adams

2. Henry Clay

3. William Crawford

4. Andrew Jackson

5. Jackson won the most votes but not the majority

6. Adams becomes pres.

7. “Corrupt Bargain”—Pres. Adams appointed Clay as Sec. of State

II. 1828 Presidential Election

1. Jackson’s supporters claimed Adams stole the 1824 election

2. Jackson won the election

3. Democratic party became the 1st real political party

4. Dem. supported Jackson

III. Jackson as President

1. 1828—planter & slaveholder

2. 1st president from the west

3. Achieved fame from fighting the Indians

4. Congressman/Senator from TN

5. Territorial Gov. of FL

6. Common People-personally popular

Jackson as President (cont’d)

7. Spoils System—appoint campaign supporters with gov. positions

1. "to the victor belong the spoils of the enemy."

8. “Kitchen Cabinet”—Friends of AJ; unofficial cabinet

9. Rotated officials—discourage complacency & get fresh opinions

IV. Death of the Bank of the United States

1. Gov. needs to stay out of economic affairs!

2. BUS set to expire 1832

3. Clay favored the BUSCongress passes a rechartering bill

4. Jackson vetoes.

Death of the Bank of the United States (cont’d)

5. Federal funds put in state banks

6. Pet Banks

7. National Rep.(“Whigs” in 1836) supported Clay

8. Founded to oppose Andrew Jackson

9. Second Party System reborn

Death of the Bank of the United States (cont’d)

10. Specie Circular—federal payments coin (specie) gold/silver

11. Panic of 1837

V. Jackson Exercises Veto Power

1. Champion of states’ rights; as long as the union not in danger

2. Vetoes more bills than anybody before

3. Maysville Road Bill

4. Vetoed by AJ

5. No fed. funds for infrastructure improvements in one state

6. AJ. increase the power of the presidency

VI. South’s Anger over Tariffs

1. Tariff on 1828-- protect N.E. from foreign competitors

2. “The Southern Carolina Exposition”—John C. Calhoun

3. “Tariff of Abominations”

4. Southern states declare the tariff null & void if the fed. gov. refused to lower the duty requirement

South’s Anger over Tariffs (cont’d)

5. Nullification!!

6. Robert Y. Hayne (SC) proposed nullification

7. Daniel Webster(NE) anti-nullification

8. Tariff of 18321. Lower tariff 45% to 35%

9. SC nullified the tariff

South’s Anger over Tariffs (cont’d)

10. Force Bill—Gave pres. power to use military force to collect tariffs

11. Tariff of 1833—lowered tariffs even more

12. Crisis averted

VII. Manifest Destiny

1. 1845

2. God’s Will!! The U.S. expand from sea to shining sea (and everywhere in between)

3. Market revolution

4. Advancements in trans.

5. Nationalism

Manifest Destiny (cont’d)

6. 1840—1,000s move into TX

7. Oregon Trail

8. Up to 6 months

9. Women’s roles change

VIII. Trouble With Territories

1. Era of Expansion

2. 1836-Pres. Martin Van Buren

3. 1840-Pres. William Henry Harrison

MVB WHH

Trouble With Territories (cont’d)

4. 1840-Van Buren (D) up for re-election vs.

5. William Henry Harrison (W)

6. “Tippecanoe and Tyler, Too”

7. WHH easily winsdies 4 weeks into his termJohn Tyler becomes pres.

IX. Boundary Issues

1. ME, OR, TX2. 1838-Aroostook River Valley3. War again?4. Webster-AshburtonTreaty 18385. Divide the contestedTerritory; settle the northernboundary of MN

Boundary Issues (cont’d)

Boundary Issues (cont’d)

6. Britain had a fur trading business

7. U.S. said 1st there to settle

8. Some want the border at 54°40´ parallel

Boundary Issues (cont’d)

9. 1844-James K. Polk (D)

10.“Fifty-Four forty or fight!”11. Negotiations:

1. Boundary at 49th parallel

2. Britain gets Vancouver Island

3. Britain gets rights to the Columbia River

Sam Houston vs. Antonio Lopez De Santa Ana

X. Texas Joins the Union

1. 1821-TX region of independent Mex.

2. 1830s-whites & slaves outnumber Mexicans.

3. Mex. Bans slavery; residents must be Catholic

4. 1834-Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana

5. Sam Houston—Leads the TX in a revolt; says TX independent republic of Mex.

Texas Joins the Union (cont’d)

6. Santa Anna attacks the Alamo; kills the Americans

7. Houston retaliatesdefeats Mex.Santa Anna gives TX independence

8. Lone Star Republic9. Houston asks to become a state10.Jackson & Van Buren say no11.Polk says yes; TX admitted 1845