Pp t 0000041

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Nursing 292Review Trivia Game

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RulesO The class is divided into 2 teams

O A coin toss will determine which team gets to answer the first question.

O The facilitator will ask the class a question

O The teams will both be given an opportunity to discuss

for up to 30 seconds before answering.O One person will answer for the group. If correct, the

team earns 1 point. If not, the other team has anopportunity to steal the point by answering the questioncorrectly. If they are also unable to give a correctanswer, nobody earns the point.

O The second team then gets their own question toanswer. Questions will be alternated in this manner untilthe time has expired or all questions have beenanswered. The team with the most points at the end of the game wins.

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Define ethnocentrism.O Belief that your own way of life is superior

to other ways of life. Can be conscious or

unconscious.

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OWhat is the social learningtheory?

O To change behavior, utilize effective role

models who are perceived to be

rewarded, and work with the socialsituation and the learner’s internal self -

regulating mechanisms

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What is the psychodynamictheory?O To change behavior, work to make

unconscious motivations conscious, build

ego-strength, and resolve emotionalconflicts

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OName three non-traditionalteaching methods.

O Gaming

O Simulation

O Role-PlayingO Role-Modeling

O Self-Instruction Activities

Computer-Assisted InstructionO Distance Learning

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Who is the primaryaudience for an evaluation?O The person or group requesting the

evaluation.

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What effect does anxiety haveon learning?O Best time for teaching is during moderate

anxiety. Too high or low is a poor teaching

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OWhat are the 5 types of

evaluations in the RSA Model?O Process

O Content

O OutcomeO Impact

O Total Program

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OWhat are the four types of

readiness to learn?P = Physical readiness

E = Emotional readiness

E = Experiential readiness

K = Knowledge readiness

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OWhat is the difference between

an evaluation and an

assessment?O Assessment: a process to gather,

summarize, interpret, and use data todecide a direction for action.

O Evaluation: a process to gather,

summarize, interpret, and use data to

determine the extent to which an actionwas successful.

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OWhat are four of Gardner’s 8

types of intelligence?O Linguistic, spatial, bodily kinesthetic,

interpersonal, musical, logical-

mathematical, intrapersonal.

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O What is the difference between

developmental age andchronological age?

O Chronological age is the person’s actual age.It is not a good predictor of learning ability.Developmental age refers to the person’s

level of physical, cognitive, and psychosocialdevelopment. At any given age, there can bea wide variation in physical, cognitive, andpsychosocial variables. Developmental stageacknowledges that human growth and

development are sequential, but not alwaysspecifically age-related.

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Define learning.O a change in behavior (knowledge, skills,

and attitudes) that can occur at any time

or in any place as a result of exposure to

environmental stimuli

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O What are four reasons for levels

of low literacy in this country?O A rise in the number of immigrants

O The aging of our population

O The increasing complexity of information

O The added number of people living in poverty

O Changes in policies and funding for public

education

O Disparity of opportunity between minority

versus non-minority populations

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OWhat is Pavlovian conditioning?O Learning occurs as the organism

responds to stimulus conditions and formsassociations. A neutral stimulus is pairedwith an unconditioned stimulus –unconditioned response connection untilthe neutral stimulus becomes aconditioned stimulus that elicits theconditioned response.

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What are the five main ethicalprinciples we are concerned

about in nursing?O Autonomy, veracity, nonmalefeacance,

confidentiality, beneficence.

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What are the two gender differences in brain structure?O Women have more neurons in the

temporal lob, responsible for

understanding language, melodies, andspeech tone and a larger corpus

callosum, which yields greater

communication between the two

hemispheres.

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OWhat agency defines thenurse’s scope of practice to

teach?O State Nurse Practice Acts- universally

includes teaching within the scope of

nursing practice (legally mandated- all

states identify education as a legal duty &

responsibility of a nurse)

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O What are two differences between

evaluation and evaluation research?Evaluation Evaluation Research

Audience specific to single

person, group, institution, or

location

Audience generic

Conducted to make decisions in

specific setting

Conducted to generate new

knowledge and/or expand

existing knowledge

Focused on needs of primary

audience

Focused on sample

representativeness,

generalizability of findings

Time constrained by urgency of

decisions to be made

Time constrained by study

funding

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OWhat are the differencesbetween barriers and obstacles

to education?O Barriers to education are those factors

impeding the nurse’s ability to optimally

deliver educational services. Obstacles to

learning are those factors that negatively

impact on the learner’s ability to attend to

and process information.

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O Compare/contrast the educationprocess with the nursing process.

Nursing Process Education Process

Appraise physical andpsychosocial needs of client Assess learning needs,readiness, and learning style

Care plan based on mutual

goals setting to meet

individual needs

Teaching plan based on

behavioral outcomes to meet

behavioral needs

Nursing care interventions

using standard procedures

Teaching using instructional

methods and tools

Determine physical and

psychosocial outcomes

Determine behavior changes in

knowledge, attitudes, and skills

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What is a motivationalaxiom? Name 2.O Motivational axioms are rules that set the

stage for motivation

1. Moderate anxiety is optimum for learning

2. Learner readiness

3. Setting realistic goals

4. Learner satisfaction/success

5. Uncertainty reduction or maintenance

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O Define functional illiteracy,illiteracy, and low literacy.

O Functional Illiteracy: the inability of adults toread, write, and comprehend informationbelow the 5th-grade level of difficulty in order to use information as it is intended for

effective functioning in today’s society. O Illiteracy: the total inability of adults to read,

write, and comprehend information

O Low Literacy: the ability of adults to read,write, and comprehend information betweenthe 5th- to 8th-grade level of difficulty. Alsosynonymous with the terms marginally literate or marginally illiterate.

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Define motivation to learn.O Motivation to learn is a willingness on the

part of the learner to embrace learning,

with readiness to learn as evidence of

motivation.

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What are the 6 culturalphenomena?O Communication

O Personal space

O Social organization

O Time

O Environmental control

O Biological variations

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OWhat are the goals of nurses aseducators?

O to increase the competence and

confidence of patients to manage their

own self-care and of staff to deliver high-quality care

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OWhat is the difference betweendeontological and teleological

ethical decision making?O Deontological-respect for individual rights.

Teleological-greatest good for the greatestnumber.

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O What are five signs of illiteracy we canassess for?

O reacting to complex learning situations by withdrawal or avoidance

O using the excuse of being too busy, not interested, too tired, or not feeling well enough to read instructional materials

O claiming they lost, forgot, or broke their glassesO surrounding themselves with books, magazines, and

newspapers to give the impression that they are able to readO insisting on reading the information at home or with a spouse or

friend presentO asking someone to read information for themO becoming nervous when asked to readO acting confused or talking out of context about the topic of

conversation

O showing signs of frustration when attempting to read

having difficulty following directionsO listening and watching attentively to try to memorize information

O failing to ask questions

O revealing a discrepancy between what they hear and what iswritten

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O How is malpractice different from

negligence?O Negligence: the doing or nondoing of an act,

pursuant to a duty, that a reasonable person

in the same circumstances would or would not

do, with these actions or nonactions leading toinjury of another person or his/her property.

Malpractice: refers to a limited class of

negligent activities that fall within the scope of

performance by those pursuing a particular

profession involving highly skilled andtechnical services.

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OWhat are the five perspectivesof cognitive theory?

O Gestalt Perspective, Information-

Processing Perspective, CognitiveDevelopment Perspective, Social

Constructivist Perspective, Social

Cognition Perspective

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OName 2 reasons why we

involve family in patienteducation.

O Family is the most important variableinfluencing patient outcomes.

O JCAHO accreditation standards warrant familyparticipation.

O It is important to choose the most appropriatecaregiver to receive information. Dependingon developmental stage, the patient may notbe able to understand information.

O Culturally competent nursing requires us toconsider the patient’s preferences regardinginvolving family in decision-making and care.

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OWhat are four factors that can

facilitate, shape, or blockmotivation to learn?

O Cognitive variables: capacity to learn, ready tolearn, self determined, constructive attitude

O Affective variables: expressed constructive

emotional stateO Physiological variables: capacity to perform

required behavior

O Experiential variables: previous successes

O Environmental variables: appropriate environment,strong support

O Educator –learner relationship system: predictspositive relationship

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OWhat two factors do most

readability formulas look at?O Formulas evaluate readability levels

using the average length of

sentences and the number of multisyllabic words in a passage.

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O Name 4 teaching strategies aimed atincreasing motivation and compliancein low literacy groups.

O Establish a trusting relationship.

O Use the smallest amount of information to achievebehavioral objectives.

O Make points of information vivid and explicit.O Teach one step at a time.O Give learners the chance to restate information in

their own words and to demonstrate procedures.O Keep motivation high by using praise and rewards.O Build in coordination of information and procedures

by using techniques of tailoring and cuing.O Use repetition to reinforce information.

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O Name 3 modes of communication

that Deaf clients rely on?O American Sign Language (ASL)- most common

O lip reading- most common along with ASL

written materials- most reliable way to communicatecritical information

O verbalization by client- listen without interruptions

O sound augmentation- hearing aides, stethoscope in reverse

O telecommunication devices for the deaf (TDD)television decoders for closed caption

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OWhat is the poverty circle?O Low education level results in occupations

with lower levels of pay, prestige, and

intellectual demand; families living at this

level become part of the cycle that does

not allow one to easily change a pattern of life.

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OWhat are two categories of disabilities?

O Developmental or acquired. Also will

accept cognitive, physical, or sensory ORphysical and mental.

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OWhat are two types of eye

diseases result in blindness or loss of peripheral vision?

O macular degeneration- decrease central vision

Cataracts-hazy vision overall

O Glaucoma- loss of peripheral vision

O diabetic retinopathy- produces blinding areas

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OWhat are the characteristics of

goals and objectives?

Goals Objectives

global specificbroad singular

long-term short-term

multi-dimensional

unidimensional

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O Describe three different types of communication disorders that involve speechand at least one teaching strategy for each.

O Dysarthria & Expressive aphasiaO Allow person time to respond.

O Ask questions that need only short replies

O Use alternative methods of communication.

O Do not simplify message because the client’scomprehension is not affected.

O Receptive aphasiaO Speak slowly using a normal tone and short

sentences.

O Have only one person speak at a time.

O Stand where the client can see your face Checkto be sure each message is understood

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OWhat are two purposes of

writing clear and concisebehavioral objectives?

O Provides basis for selection and design of instructional content, methods, andmaterials.

O Provides learner with means to organizeefforts toward accomplishing objectives.

O Allows for determination as to the extent

that objectives have been accomplished.

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O What 4 items should be included

in a well-written behavioralobjective?

1. Performance—describes what the learner is expected to be able to do

2. Condition—describes the situation under which behavior will be observed

3. Criterion—describes how well or with whataccuracy the learner must be able to perform

4. Learner - describes who is being taught

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O What are five guidelines for printed materials?O Accurate, up-to-date content

O Logical organization of content—need to know prioritiesO Discuss ―what,‖ ―how,‖ ―when‖ succinctly, and Follow the KISS

O Avoid medical jargon. Define in lay terms.

O Write two to four grades below average grade level completedby target audience.

O Use adequate spacing.O Keep words and sentences short. Use conversational style. Use

active voice.

O Use second person ―you.‖

O Most important information goes first.

O Do not use all-capital letters.

O Use advance organizers.O Emphasize key points with end review.

*Consider:Nature of the audienceLiteracy level requiredLinguistic variety

availableBrevity and clarityLayout and appearanceOpportunity for repetitionConcreteness andfamiliarity

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OWhat five criteria would you use

to evaluate health information

sites on the world wide web?O Accuracy

O DesignO Authors/Sponsors

O Currency

O Authority

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OName 5 of the 7 points within

the e-Health Code of Ethics?O Candor

O Honesty

O Quality

O Informed Consent

O Privacy

O Professionalism

O Responsible partneringO Accountability

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ODefine instructionalmaterials.

O Resources and tools used as

vehicles to stimulate the learner’ssenses

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OWhat is the Digital divide?O The gap between those individuals who

have access to information technology

resources and those who do not

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OName three traditional

teaching methods.O Lecture

O Group Discussion

O One-to-One Instruction

O Demonstration

O Return Demonstration

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OWhat is the first step in

planning an evaluation?O Determine the focus of the evaluation.

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O Name each of the 3 learning

domains and one teaching method

most suited to each domain.O Cognitive-Lecture, one-to-one instruction,

computer-assisted instruction

O Affective-group discussion, role-playing, role-

modeling, simulation gaming, questioning

O Psychomotor-demonstration, return

demonstration, simulation, gaming, self-

instruction

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Describe two differenttypes of feedback.O Intrinsic feedback- generated from

within self

O Augmented feedback- provided bythe teacher; share with learners anopinion or conveying a messagethrough body language

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In what two cases would onedo a pilot test?O In large scale, resource intensive or

expensive evaluations (outcomes, impact,

and total program) to assess feasibility of conducting the full evaluation as planned.

O Must conduct when a new instrument is

used for data collection purposes to

assess reliability, validity of instruments.

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OWhat are operational

definitions?O Definition of terms to be used within an

evaluation, completed before data

collection begins. Specific to the study

being conducted.O Ex: For the purposes of this study, we will

define medication compliance as filling

100% of newly prescribed medications

within 24 hours after hospital discharge.

Pp t 0000041

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