Zero emission buildings & knowledge transfers

ZEB center vision & objective: eliminate GHG emissions caused by buildings

– developing competitive products and solutions for– existing and new residential and commercial/public buildings – related to their production, operation and demolition.

Inter-/nationally no clear and agreed definition of ZEB– Balance between energy export and import over time must be zero (or

positive)– The best form of clean and renewable energy is the energy not used

Sartori, Graabak & Dokka (2010)

Building industry: “the 40 % sector”. – 40 % of all use of materials and products are related to buildings – Buildings account for about 40 % of all primary energy use and

contribute to significant GHG emissions

# 1 Reduce energy demandHelen J Gansmo, NTNU

Mind the gap!

• The realization gap - the gap between availability of solutions and their implementation - is starting to close.

• The reliability gap - the gap between the building's potential performance and its actual performance in daily use – is still a challenge. – Focus on closing gaps between building and users, between design

and operation

Existing buildings towards ZEBsIn developed economies, at least half of the buildings that will be in use in 2050 have already been built.

More than 80% of total energyconsumption is consumed during the operation phase

Training, tools & technologyJohnson Controls increased the energy efficiency of the Empire State Building, NY, by 20 per cent within one year, saving $2.4 million in the process.

“To ensure that an integrated sustainability programme works effectively, you need to have the right building technology and, in addition, people who have the proper tools and the necessary expertise to act accordingly.”

– Clay Nesler, Vice President, Global Energy and Sustainability at Johnson Controls, at Euro FM, Prague, May 2013.

Robust technology

User organisation Professional users

Case studiesCase Description Users Energy management

Student housing

4600 bedsits, 15 locations20% of student population.New passiv houses – 1950sAim: cheap rent & sustainable housing

Students: 0.5 – 5 years(average 1.5 years)

Techno fixes.Excludes “in between actors”, relies on end-users

University 22 000 students5 000 employees7 campuses, 100 laboratory facilities550 000 sq. m heated area2-100 years old buildingsEl & district heating: 100 GW

Faculty, students, researchers:

Daytime

Involves “in between actors” internally and externally. Visual control, local knowledge + central operation system

Health resortshort term rehab stays (heart, cancer, lung, obesity)

8 300 sq m. Narrow, long, low buildingBuilt 2002Temp range -40 to +30 °CDistrict heating: 1.1 GWElectricity: 1 GW

Guests:

3 days to 5 weeks

Same as above

Student housing

Frequently new

occupants

Short occupancy

In between actors

EXCLUDED from priv. premises

Rely on techno

fixes

Potential: Prepare students

for energy efficient

lives

Technology not fool

proof

University

Devoted & dedicated operators

Project design &

identification of

possibilities

Potential: Include

more local actors more

Central op. systems + observation & local knowledge

Building knowledge & responsibility to keep FM

out

Integrated solutions & low-cost tinkering

Health rehab

Rely on techno fixes

Continuously new occupants

In between actors

EXPECTED in private premises

Potential: Learn from larger org.s

& professional

FM

ShortER occupancy

Need fresh knowledge

Rely on in between actors

In/formal meeting spaces?

Janitors

Housekeeping

Receptionists

Feeling of ownership/ responsibility &local knowledge(IN-HOUSE FM)

In-house energy operators

End-users

Stimulating knowledge sharing &

innovations

Building B

Building C

Building D

Knowledge of EXTERNAL FM

Building A

Building E

Design

Design

Action research

Moving towards zero emission buildings through - a mix of technological and social measures- new meetings between different actors & organisations

Helen J Gansmo, NTNU