Unit 5 The New Nation The New Nation What causes a society to grow?
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Transcript of Unit 5 The New Nation The New Nation What causes a society to grow?
Unit 5 The New NationThe New NationThe New Nation
What causes a society to grow?
Lessons
Lesson 1Planning a GovernmentLesson 2United States ConstitutionLesson 3The Louisiana PurchaseLesson 4The War of 1812Lesson 5The Industrial Revolution
Planning a New Government
Lesson 1
VocabularyArticles of
Confederation
legislature
What problems did the government face after the Revolution?
Planning a New GovernmentSA 29 The Articles of Confederation were the first plan of government for the U.S. A confederation is a loose alliance of states.They failed because each state was independent.The national government could NOT • print their own money. • collect taxes.• pay soldiers or lawmakers.
What was the importance of the Northwest Ordinance?•It said that an area became a territory when its population reached 5,000.•A territory could apply for statehood when the population reached 60,000.
Planning a New Government
MC 1 Shay’s Rebellion showed the Articles of Confederation had failed.
The new government could not protect farmers from losing their lands.
It also could not afford to send troops to stop the uprising.
Planning a New Government
What was the Three-Fifths Compromise and why was it proposed?
MC 3 It was an agreement among the delegates that every five enslaved people counted as three free people.
Planning a New Government
The Great CompromiseProposed by Roger Sherman
FILL A legislature with a House of Representatives based on a state’s population - Large (heavily populated) states were satisfied.
FILL A Senate with two senators from each state – Small (less populated) states were satisfied.
FILL THE PRESIDENT CANNOT MAKE A LAW. HE CAN ONLY SUGGEST A LAW. HE HAS ALMOST NO POWER IN OUR COUNTRY.
2 parts of Congress•House of
Representatives•Senate
The Capitol in Washington D.C.
Planning a New Government
James Madison and other delegates came up with the Electoral College.
MC 4 In the Electoral College, the number of electoral votes for each state was based on the number of the state’s Congressional representatives.
EXAMPLE:Indiana House of Representatives =
9Indiana Senators = +2TOTAL =
11
California House of Representatives =53
California Senators = +2TOTAL =
55
United States ConstitutionLesson 2
Vocabularyfederal system
Supreme Court
ratify
bill of rights
amendment
Why is the Constitution a powerful document?
United States Constitution
We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
MC 5 The duty of the government is to defend the people.
United States Constitution
Branch Who Job
LEGISLATIVE
Congress makes laws for the countryDecides how to spend the government’s
money
EXECUTIVE
President
Meets with leaders of other countriesLeads military
carries out laws
JUDICIAL
Supreme Court and federal courts
Makes sure our laws follow the Constitution
DO NOT COPY
United States ConstitutionFirst three articles explain how the U.S. government is organized.
Article 1 – establishes a legislature called Congress made up of a Senate and a House of Representatives power to make laws
Article 2 – creates the office of the President leader of the executive branch power to enforce laws
Article 3 – establishes a Supreme Court The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. FILL
They have the power to decide whether any law works against the Constitution.
All of this info on what each branch does is found in the Constitution.
United States Constitution
•FILL We have a federal system. A federal system is an agreement to share powers between state and national governments.
•SA This system is known as checks and balances. We have this system so one branch does not gain too much power, and each branch can check or stop another branch. This information is found in The Constitution.
MC 6 EXAMPLES:- Congress votes to approve a bill, and the President signs it.
- The President vetoes a bill, and Congress overrides it.
- Congress and the President pass a bill that becomes a law, and the Supreme Court decides if the law is constitutional.
(TEST QUESTION)
United States ConstitutionAt the end of the U.S. Constitution we have a Bill of Rights. The Bill of Rights consist of ten amendments written by James Madison. FILL An amendment is a change to the U.S. Constitution.
MC 7 The purpose of the Bill of Rights is to protect the freedom of citizens.
After the addition of the Bill of Rights, all original thirteen states ratified the Constitution. FILL To ratify means to officially approve something.
Our U.S. Constitution has 17 additional amendments.
United States ConstitutionFor once, all Americans agreed that the new nation under the new Constitution should be lead by one man: MC 9 the Father of the Country, George Washington, the 1st president.
MC 8 Alexander Hamilton wrote articles in support of the Constitution.
The Louisiana Purchase
Lesson 3
Vocabulary
pioneer
Embargo Act of 1807
How did the expansion of the United States affect North America?
The Louisiana Purchase
SA 32 Pioneers are the first people to enter a region.
MC 12 The Embargo Act of 1807 closed all American ports and hurt the American economy instead of Great Britain and France.
SA 31 Daniel Boone and John Findley found a passage through the Appalachian Mountains and widened it so wagons could go through.
The Louisiana Purchase
Effects of the Louisiana Purchase:
•It doubled the size of the U.S. for pennies an acre.
•Americans gained access to a major port.
•The land had abundant natural resources.
The Louisiana Purchase
Lewis & Clark:
•Were sent by President Jefferson to GO WEST find a land route to the Pacific Ocean and see what natural resources were available.
•They left St. Louis and headed west.
•SA 33 Sacagawea traveled with them as a guide and interpreter.
The War of 1812
Lesson 4VocabularyWar Hawks
Era of Good Feelings
Adams-Onís Treaty
Monroe Doctrine
How did the War of 1812 affect Americans?
MC 15 Tecumseh united several Western groups to protect Native American lands.
The War of 1812FILL War Hawks supported the War of 1812, and they wanted to protect American sailors from British impressment.
SA 34 The British burned Washington D.C. to punish Americans for burning York.
The War of 1812SA 35 At Fort McHenry in Francis Scott Key was inspired to write “The Star-Spangled Banner.”
MC 14 In 1814 the Treaty of Ghent was signed ending the war/fighting, BUT neither side won.
MC 13 AFTER THE WAR and because of slow-traveling news, the Americans fought the British in New Orleans and CRUSHED them under the leadership of Andrew Jackson who became a national hero.*
The War of 1812
FILL In the Adams-Onis Treaty Spain sold Florida to the United States.
MC 16 & FILL The Monroe Doctrine said Europe and the U.S. should not interfere with each other. The U.S. hoped this would keep them out of European wars.
FILL After the War of 1812, Americans felt more united. This was known as the Era of Good Feelings.
The Industrial RevolutionLesson 5
VocabularyIndustrial
Revolutioncotton gininterchangeable
partreapersteam engine
How did the Industrial Revolution change people’s lives?
The Industrial Revolution
MC 17 The Northeast was a major manufacturing region in the U.S. in the 1800s.
The Industrial RevolutionSA 36 interchangeable parts – pieces made in standard sizes meant products could be made faster and at a lower cost
•MC 20 The Erie Canal is a system of locks to raise and lower the water level.•After it was built, New York City became the largest port in the country.
The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was a time when new machines and new ideas changed the way people worked, traveled, and lived.
1. A reaper is a machine with a sharp blade to cut grain.
2. As a result of the reaper, fewer farmers were needed and many people in farming areas moved to the cities.
1. The cotton gin was a machine that removed seed from cotton.
2. MC 19This made cotton the most important cash crop in the South. $$$$$$
1. The “iron horse” was a steam-powered train.
2. Railroads became the main form of transportation.
ReviewWhat were some important inventions during the Industrial Revolution?
– removed seed from cotton and made cotton the most important cash crop in the South
– made the process of cloth making much faster and large textile mills employed many people
– pieces made in standard sizes meant products could be made faster and at a lower cost
– made farming easier and fewer farmers were needed
– produced more power than horses and could pull heavier loads
– connected Lake Erie to the Hudson River with a series of locks to raise and lower the water level
– railroads became the main form of transportation
Cotton Gin
Power loom
Interchangeable parts
Mechanical plow and reaper
Steam engine
Erie Canal
Iron Horse
Review
What is manifest destiny?
Manifest destiny is the belief that the United States had a right to expand its borders and claim new lands.
What was the Trail of Tears?
The Trail of Tears was the 800-mile westward march of the Cherokee people to the Indian Territory; 4,000 people died along the way.
Maps
Click on a map to enlarge the view.