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Table of Contents

Al-Qur’an: Suratul Qiyaamah 16-25 ....................................................... 3

Adab: Conflict resolution الناس بين اإلصالح ...................................... 8

At-Tahzeeb: Arrogance and Pride والغرور العجب ..................................... 16

At-Tahreek: Ali& Fatimah (Their Struggles and death) ........................ 23

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Al-Qur’an: Suratul Qiyaamah 16-25

أعوذ باهلل من الشيطان الرجيم

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Translation

16. Move not your tongue with it, [O Muhammad],

to hasten with recitation of the Qur'an.

17. Indeed, upon Us is its collection [in your heart]

and [to make possible] its recitation.

18. So when We have recited it [through Gabriel],

then follow its recitation.

19. Then upon Us is its clarification [to you].

20. No! But you love the immediate

21. And leave the Hereafter.

22. [Some] faces, that Day, will be radiant,

23. Looking at their Lord.

24. And [some] faces, that Day, will be contorted,

25. Expecting that there will be done to them

[something] backbreaking.

Sahih Int’l translation

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Title

The title given for these verses 16-25 by Dr. Wahbatu Zuhaili in his

Tafseer al-Muneer was:

( اآلخرة في الناس وحال القرآن حفظ على وسلم عليه هللا صلى النبي حرص ) THE KEENNESS OF THE PROPHET ON THE PRESERVATION OF THE QUR’AN AND THE

CONDITION OF THE PEOPLE ON THE LAST DAY.

Cause of revelation

Imam Bukhari and others recorded that Ibn Abbas (RA) said: The

prophet (sallalahu alayhi wasallam) will hasten to repeat the Qur’an

while Jibril was revealing it due to his wish to preserve it in his heart.

Then Allah revealed verse 16 of this surah.

Explanation:

1. Allah taught His messenger how to deal with the revelation

when angel Jubril is transmitting it.

2. Allah has entrusted Jubril with the transmission of the Qur’an

and He has made him the teacher for His last prophet and

messenger. The prophet feared that he may forget some part

of the revelation as its volume increases with time. So, he will

repeat immediately as Jubril recites before the conclusion. This

is not a proper decorum for a student; so Allah admonished

the prophet away from this act while attending to the concern

of His prophet by assuring him of His preservation.

3. There is a clear lesson in this for a good student of knowledge.

The proper procedure for absorbing the knowledge from a

teacher will be to first understand the message with precision

before recording or taking notes on it. Surely, success tips of

variety were contained in the Qur’an.

4. It is important to note the high level of concern that the

prophet attached to the message he was commissioned to

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deliver. A Muslim must take lesson from this; every job is a

trust; there is no vacuum in nature; your presence is a reason

for another person’s absence. Those who were absent because

of your presence may do it better; it is treacherous if you

choose not to deliver your best. Allah has chosen the prophet

out of His grace and his concern for the preservation of the

ultimate source of the message is a proper appreciation of the

mercy of Allah on him. May the peace and blessings of Allah be

on the messenger of Allah.

5. Humans by nature tend to hasten. Hastiness is a detestable,

satanic and counter-productive character or culture. A

narrated tradition in the sunnah corroborates this verse to

condemn it.

يطان إل في خمس , إطعام »قال حاتم: كان ي قال العجلة من الشالطعام إذا حضر الضيف وتجهيز الميت إذا مات , وت زويج البكر إذا

وبة من ين إذا وجب , والت نب إذا أذنب أدركت , وقضاء الد «الذ

Hastiness is from shaytan except with five: (1) Serving food

when the guest is present (2) Burying the dead (3) Marrying

out the virgin when she has reached puberty (4) Paying off the

debt (5) Repentance

Source: قات األصفياءحلية األولياء وطب (vol 8 pg. 78)

6. Allah promised the prophet 3 things:

(1) The collection of the Qur’an in his heart.

(2) The preservation of the Qur’an.

(3) The explanation of the Qur’an.

7. There were differences on the best source of explanation to a

book. Some argued that the book will explain itself better;

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some opined that the author will be the best explainer; while

some placed the judgment on the reader.

The best explanations to a work will be from the author of the

work. This is one of what makes the Qur’an uniquely efficient

and encyclopedic. Some parts of the Qur’an explained another

while the sunnah which is another type of revelation explains

further. Islam has the best explanations to its fundamentals.

All praises and thanks to Allah.

8. The later verses also described some events of the Day of

Resurrection.

9. Staring at Allah on the Day of Judgment is an added enjoyment

for those that deserve it. The most fortunate among the

beneficiaries will be those who will be given the opportunity to

see his Lord (Allah) in the morning and the evening (twice a

day).

Life lessons

1. Allah promised to explain the content of the Qur’an. These

explanations include: The Limits, The Permitted, The

Prohibited, The Promises (of rewards) and The Threats (of

punishments).

2. Hastiness is generally despicable even in religious matters.

3. The disbelief of man in The Promises and The Threats was due

to his weakness of nature to seek what is quick and

immediately available. So, a Muslim must seek the contrary

and flee to Allah while the of disbelievers flee to the deception

of satan.

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Adab: Conflict resolution الناساإلصالح بين

“Verily, after me there will be

conflicts of affairs, so if you are able

to end them in peace, then do so.”

- Prophet Muhammad

(Musnad Ahmad, Number 697)

Preamble

Verses calling to conflict resolution of different types across the pages

of the Qur’an were clear indications of the significance of this act. The

nobility of the act is further stressed in the sunnah of the prophet. The

following paragraphs will try to present the virtues and brief

understanding of the concept including tips for successful arbitration.

Meaning

It is the act of arbitration between two quarrelling parties in order to

reconcile their differences and restore normalcy.

Brief overview and understanding

Conflicts between humankind are inevitable due to the free will and

ability Allah has granted man to act in contrary to the norms and the

existence of two opposites in creation. The inevitability and frequent

occurrence of conflicts in different dimensions across the globe

especially in modern time has led to the inclusion of courses like

“Conflict Management” in the world education curricula.

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Furthermore, the relationship between two quarreling parties plays a

significant role in the arbitration process. The closer the relationship

the easier it is to resolve the conflict. For example, conflicts between

family members will be easier to resolve than among ordinary friends.

Arbitrators should be aware of these facts.

Reconciliation and arbitration in the Qur’an

No good is there in much of their private conversation, except

for those who enjoin charity or that which is right or

conciliation between people. And whoever does that seeking

means to the approval of Allah - then We are going to give him a

great reward.

Surat An-Nisaa 114

And if a woman fears from her husband contempt or evasion,

there is no sin upon them if they make terms of settlement

between them - and settlement is best. And present in [human]

souls is stinginess. But if you do good and fear Allah - then

indeed Allah is ever, with what you do, Acquainted.

Surat An-Nisaa 128

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They ask you, [O Muhammad], about the bounties [of war]. Say,

"The [decision concerning] bounties is for Allah and the

Messenger." So fear Allah and amend that which is between you

and obey Allah and His Messenger, if you should be believers.

Surat-ul-Anfal 1

The believers are but brothers, so make settlement between your

brothers. And fear Allah that you may receive mercy.

Surat-ul-Hujuraat 10

Conflict resolution in the sunnah

رداء، عن النبي صلى اهلل عليو وسلم قال: أل أن بئكم بدرجة »عن أبي الديام والصدقة؟ صلح ذات »قالوا: ب لى، قال: « أفضل من الصلة والص

صحيح قال الشيخ األلباني[ : «]ة الب ين، وفساد ذات الب ين ىي الحالق

Abu Darda narrated that the prophet said: Should I inform you of what

is more meritorious than (superogatory) solats and fasting and

sadaqah? They said yes, he said resolving conflict between people;

conflict between people is destruction.

:sourceاألدب المفرد1/142

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قال رسول اهلل صلى اهلل عليو وسلم: " كل سلمى من الناس عليو صدقة كل ي وم مس "، قال: " ت عدل ب ين الث ن ين صدقة، وتعين الرجل في د ابتو تحملو تطلع الش

ها صدقة "، وقال: " الكلمة الطيبة صدقة "، وقال: " كل ها أو ت رفع لو متاعو علي علي خطوة تمشيها إلى الصلة صدقة، وتميط األذى عن الطريق صدقة "

"Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (PBUH) said, "There is a

(compulsory) Sadaqa (charity) to be given for every joint of the human

body (as a sign of gratitude to Allah) every day the sun rises. To judge

justly between two persons is regarded as Sadaqa, and to help a man

concerning his riding animal by helping him to ride it or by lifting his

luggage on to it, is also regarded as Sadaqa, and (saying) a good word

is also Sadaqa, and every step taken on one's way to offer the

compulsory prayer (in the mosque) is also Sadaqa and to remove a

harmful thing from the way is also Sadaqa.""

Source: Sahih Bukhari Book of Jihad no. 198

Qualities of a good arbitrator

A good arbitrator will be ready to sacrifice: (1) His time (2) tolerate

insult on his honour and nobility

Reward for an arbitrator

Reward for every word uttered during the process of arbitration is

equal to manumission of slave. Imam Al-Awzaai reports that one who

endevour to undertake the noble task of arbitration will be rewarded

with freedom from hell

Tactics in arbitration

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In Islam, all forms of lies or untrue information were condemned.

Permission is conditionally granted in only few specific areas. The

inclusion of conflict resolution among these exceptions is a clear

indication of high importance that Islam attaches to the issue.

Arbitrators were allowed some kind of diplomatic lies as a

necessary tool to get the job done. This method is allowed only

after other ordinary means have been exhausted.

Pride and unwillingness to humble oneself plays an important

role in long discord between any two warring parties. Depending

on how severe the discord was, the arbitrator may move from

one end to the other and convey message and promises which

never were. For example, an arbitrator may go to one party

saying: “I have talked to your brother and he has ended the

discord, the final resolution to make peace now lies with you” in

an attempt to secure some confidence in him and make him

reconsider his stand.

اب ليس " . " خيرا خيرا،أويق ول فينمي الناس، بين ي صلح الذي الكذ

Narrated Um Kulthum bint `Uqba:

That she heard Allah's Messenger (SAW) saying, "He who makes

peace between the people by inventing good information or saying

good things, is not a liar."

(Sahih al-Bukhari 2692)

It will be too late after death

One man was found weeping bitterly at the grave of his brother, he

was advised by the people to make dua for his brother instead. He

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informed them that he had deserted his brother due to some discord

between them for more than ten years whilst he was alive until he

died. Now he is dead and there is no more opportunity to end the

conflict.

Lesson: The opportunity you have to end discord and conflict ends

with death. Make peace now with all of your warring parties before

death approaches.

Peace preventers

Be aware of some forces and people who may come across your way

to increase you in pride and discourage your humbleness to make

peace and accept righteousness. The following verses of the Qur’an

were about Waleed bn Mugeerah.

10. And do not obey every worthless habitual swearer

11. [And] scorner, going about with malicious gossip -

12. A preventer of good, transgressing and sinful,

13. Cruel, moreover, and an illegitimate pretender.

Surat Al-Qalam 10-13

Etiquettes for the arbitrator

A good arbitrator must observe the following in the cause of his

arbitration

(1) Sincerity: It is especially important for an arbitrator to be

sincere. This is not only a determinant of reward but also a

significant internal force required to ensure a successful

arbitration.

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(2) Justice must be maintained: An arbitrator must be neutral,

just and balanced. All forms of sentiments are not allowed.

Both sides must be allowed to express themselves and present

their case by themselves. Any sense of foolishness that we may

perceive from the presentation of any party should not force

us to jump to conclusion and judge without proper procedure.

O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm for

Allah, witnesses in justice, and do not let the hatred of a people

prevent you from being just. Be just; that is nearer to

righteousness. And fear Allah; indeed, Allah is acquainted with

what you do.

Surat Al-Maidah 8

And if two factions among the believers should fight, then make settlement

between the two. But if one of them oppresses the other, then fight against

the one that oppresses until it returns to the ordinance of Allah. And if it

returns, then make settlement between them in justice and act justly. Indeed,

Allah loves those who act justly.

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(Surat Al-Hujuraat: 9)

(3) Based on the Shariah: After understudying the cause of

conflict, the knowledge of the Shariah peculiar to that case will

be required to successfully resolve the conflict. The arbitrator

must understand the area of Islamic jurisprudence that can

resolve the issue. He may seek help from scholars in the field if

he isn’t one.

(4) No hastiness: There is need to rush through reconciliation.

(5) Find a suitable place and convenient time for both parties

(6) Use soft words

Etiquettes for the warring parties

Conflict will be easier to resolve if the warring parties maintain the

following etiquettes.

(1) They should welcome and appreciate the efforts of the

arbitrator. This will give the arbitrators some sense of

acceptability.

(2) Fortify themselves with constant reminder of death.

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At-Tahzeeb: Arrogance and Pride جب والغرورالع

Arrogance

"Whoever has an atom’s weight of arrogance in his/her heart will not enter paradise."

- Prophet Muhammad (Sahih Muslim no. 91)

Preamble

Arrogance is one of the most dangerous inner diseases of the heart.

Those inner diseases reside in the hearts but their destructive effects

are reflected in the behavior and conduct of the affected person.

Arrogance is capable of preventing his owner from entering paradise.

The heart can be filled with arrogance or can have only up to a small

atom’s weight of arrogance.

Its ruling

Arrogance and people of arrogance were condemned in several pages

of the Qur’an as well as in the sunnah of the prophet. It is also a type

of shirk (associating partner with Allah) because the arrogant has

attributed his skills, abilities and achievements to himself and disbelief

in the original source of success from Allah. It is Haram (forbidden).

A condemned character

Allah will deal with anyone or people who demonstrate arrogance no

matter their status. The sahabah were of the highest quality and status

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among the believers. When some group among them demonstrated

some arrogance, Allah left them with their situation. This was and still

remains a clear warning and lesson to any believer that Allah does not

tolerate arrogance in the least bit.

Allah has already given you victory in many regions and [even] on the

day of Hunayn, when your great number pleased you, but it did not

avail you at all, and the earth was confining for you with its vastness;

then you turned back, fleeing.

(Surat At-Tawbah: 25)

Either a believer or a disbeliever, any person or group who

demonstrates arrogance will suffer defeat and failure. The following

verse was about the Jews of Medina.

It is He who expelled the ones who disbelieved among the People of the

Scripture from their homes at the first gathering. You did not think they

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would leave, and they thought that their fortresses would protect them

from Allah ; but [the decree of] Allah came upon them from where they

had not expected, and He cast terror into their hearts [so] they

destroyed their houses by their [own] hands and the hands of the

believers. So take warning, O people of vision.

(Surat-ul-Hashr: 2)

Some manifestations of arrogance

1. Self-glorification: This is when man looks into his/her glorious

achievements in life then takes pride in them. This is

condemnable since all abilities materialize only by the Will of

Allah.

2. To look down on other people ( لعجب المذموما ): This is an

extension of self-glorification to include looking down on

others and attributing every success to one’s skills and

abilities. This is worst type of arrogance.

3. Not accepting other people’s opinion: This is arrogant because

it involves the person relying on the superiority of his intellect

and considering his opinion infallible by rejecting other

people’s contributions. Believers should be aware of this when

attending a meeting.

4. Boastfulness on the nobility of family lineage: No matter the

nobility of one’s family, it will be arrogant to take pride in it.

Each person will be responsible for his personality.

Then is one to whom the evil of his deed has been made attractive so

he considers it good [like one rightly guided]? For indeed, Allah sends

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astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills. So do not let yourself

perish over them in regret. Indeed, Allah is Knowing of what they do.

Surat Al-Faatir 8

Remedies

1. Believe Allah as the ultimate source of all success.

2. Look and reflect on giant creatures in nature to appreciate

how insignificant humans are if not honoured by Allah.

Pride

Definition

It is to rejoice in one’s righteousness and underestimate the

destruction contained in disobedience or to accept the deception of

shaytan that the righteous obligations one has fulfilled will be enough

to erase any disobedience.

A misplaced order

Some people have accepted the deception of shaytan and tried to

justify their pride with the following verse:

And establish prayer at the two ends of the day and at the approach of

the night. Indeed, good deeds do away with misdeeds. That is a

reminder for those who remember.

Surat Hud 114

The flaw in this misinterpretation is a clear misplaced order.

Righteousness or good deeds that will erase misdeeds will come after

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the misdeed. Any good deeds that were planned ahead to neutralize

any misdeeds after it will be of no benefit. Furthermore, only minor

misdeeds can be erased with good deeds.

Those who avoid the major sins and immoralities, only

[committing]slight ones. Indeed, your Lord is vast in forgiveness. He

was most knowing of you when He produced you from the earth and

when you were fetuses in the wombs of your mothers. So do not claim

yourselves to be pure; He is most knowing of who fears Him.

(Surah An-Najm: 32)

Victims of pride

The following groups should be aware that they are the first targets for

shaytan’s arrow of pride.

1. Scholars

2. Devoted worshippers

3. Ascetics

4. People with abundant wealth

Shaytan’s delusions of Scholars

Scholars of the religion should be wary of the pitfall of shaytan and

seek Allah’s assistance from falling into any of the following categories:

1. Those who rejoice in their high level and standard of

knowledge and their disposal of that knowledge to their

satisfaction. They consider themselves in an esteemed position

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as placed by the people. They do not bother to implement the

knowledge upon themselves.

2. Those who take pride in their large audience.

3. Those who consider their knowledge as being capable of

placing them on an extra-ordinary level, therefore take the

injunctions of Allah with laxity. They satisfy themselves with

the reward in their teachings of guidance to others. They will

not observe the obligations of Allah as due.

Shaytan’s delusions of Worshippers

1. Those who forsake the obligatory and occupy themselves with

nawafil (superogatory acts of worship)

عن أبي ىري رة، قال: قال رسول اللو صلى اهلل عليو وسلم: " إن اللو آذن تو بالحرب، وما ت قرب إلي عبدي بشيء من عادى لي وليا ف قد قال:

وافل حتى ا اف ت رضت عليو، وما ي زال عبدي ي ت قرب إلي بالن أحب إلي ممالذي ي بصر بو، أحبو، فإذا أحببتو: كنت سمعو الذي يسمع بو، وبصره

ويده التي ي بطش بها، ورجلو التي يمشي بها، وإن سألني ألعطي نو، ولئن است عاذني ألعيذنو، وما ت رددت عن شيء أنا فاعلو ت رددي عن ن فس

وت وأنا أكره مساءتو "المؤمن، يكره الم

"Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (PBUH) said, "Allah said, 'I

will declare war against whoever shows hostility to a pious worshipper

of Mine. And the most beloved things with which My slave comes

nearer to Me, is what I have made obligatory upon him; and My slave

keeps on coming closer to Me through performing Nawafil (praying or

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doing extra deeds besides what is obligatory) till I love him, so I become

his sense of hearing with which he hears, and his sense of sight with

which he sees, and his hand with which he grips, and his leg with which

he walks; and if he asks Me, I will give him, and if he asks My protection

(Refuge), I will protect him; (i.e. give him My Refuge) and I do not

hesitate to do anything as I hesitate to take the soul of the believer, for

he hates death, and I hate to disappoint him.""

Shaytan’s delusion of the Ascetics

Those whom shaytan has deluded to rejoice in denying themselves the

good things of this world with the belief that they are superior to every

other people who haven’t done same.

Shaytan’s delusion on the wealthy ones

Those who fall prey of this delusion will take pride in the added

advantage they have from spending in the cause of Allah and choose to

worship in less of the poor, considering the rewards from their

spending to cover up the rest.

Conclusion

Ibn Mas’ud was reported to have said: two things will destroy anyone who possesses them: pessimism and pride.

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At-Tahreek: Ali& Fatimah (Their Struggles and death)

Ali (radiyallahu anhu)

Preamble

The struggle of Ali for Islam is evident in the story of how he embraced

Islam, his sacrifice in the cause of Dawah and perseverance in the face

of confrontations in addition to his strong love for knowledge. His

struggle against anti-Islamic forces can be seen in his bravery and

strong hatred he had for the enemies of Islam.

The story of Ali’s Islam

صلى اللو -روى ابن إسحاق أن على بن أبى طالب رضي اهلل عنو جاء إلى النبي يان، فقال على: ما بعد إسلم خديجة رضي اهلل عنها، فوجدىما يصل -عليو وسلم

دين اهلل الذي اصطفاه : »-صلى اللو عليو وسلم -ىذا يا محمد؟ فقال النبي « لنفسو، وبعث بو رسلو، فأدعوك إلى اهلل وحد وإلى عبادتو، وتكفر باللت والعزى

فقال لو على: ىذا أمر لم أسمع بو من قبل اليوم، فلست بقاض أمرا حتى أحدث أبا أن يفشى عليو سره، قبل أن -صلى اللو عليو وسلم -ب، فكره رسول اهلل طال

، فمكث على تلك الليلة، ثم إن «يا على إذا لم تسلم فاكتم»يستعلن أمره، فقال لو: صلى اللو عليو وسلم -اهلل أوقع في قلب على اإلسلم، فأصبح غاديا إلى رسول اهلل

صلى اللو عليو -ى جاءه فقال: ما عرضت على يا محمد؟ فقال لو رسول اهلل ، حت-: تشهد أن ل إلو إل اهلل وحده ل شريك لو، وتكفر باللت والعزى، وتبرأ من -وسلم

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األنداد، ففعل على وأسلم، ومكث على يأتيو على خوف من أبى طالب، وكتم على إسلمو ولم يظهر بو

Ibn Ishaq recorded that Ali ibn Abi Talib came to the prophet after

Khadija had accepted Islam, he found them both observing solat, he

asked: On what is this? Oh Muhammad. The prophet replied: The

religion of Allah which He has chosen for Himself and sent His

messengers with, so therefore, I’m calling you to the belief and worship

of Allah and to disbelieve and forsake al-Laat and al-Uzzah (the two

main idols of Makkah). Ali replied: This is a matter which I have never

heard about before today, I will not decide until after I have informed

Abi Talib (my father). The prophet hated that he (Ali) should inform

others about his secret matter before he was commanded to proclaim

it, so he told him: if you will not accept then keep it secret. Ali spent the

night contemplating on the invitation until Allah made him appreciate

the message and accept it. In the morning he went to the prophet and

asked: what is that that you have called me to? The prophet replied:

that you testify that none is worthy of worship except Allah and to

disbelieve in al-Laat and al-Uzzah and don’t set up intermediaries

between yourself and the worship of Allah. Ali accepted Islam and kept

it secret from Abi Talib (his father).

Source: ( 4/ 3البداية والنهاية) by Ibn Kathir His struggles

He represented the prophet in Makkah when he left for

Hijrah: The prophet instructed him to stay behind and return

back the belongings of the Quraysh entrusted with him to their

rightful owners.

His perseverance with the confrontation of the Quraysh after

the departure of the prophet: After the departure of the

prophet to Madinah, the Quraysh enquired from Ali about the

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whereabouts of the prophet but he refused to give any

information on that, and was beaten up. This is one indication

of his loyalty to the prophet.

His endeavor on the Hijrah: Since he was charged to return

the belongings to their rightful owners, he was among the last

to make the Hijrah. His solitary journey across the desert ass

rife with bad experiences.

Struggle on knowledge: His struggle on knowledge is evident

in his statement: “There is no verse in the Qur’an except that I

knew when and why it was revealed.”

His bravery

He participated in all battles except Tabuk because the prophet

charged him with the administration of Madinah

His death

His death was by the hand of a khaariji who had developed some

discord against him from a battle he had fought against them.

Quote from Ali

“Anyone who reads and understands the Qur’an but ends up in hell is

surely among those who took the verses of Allah as jokes”

Fatimah bint rosulullah

Preamble

Her struggles and perseverance can be seen in her life with her father

throughout the mission of his messengership and her husband Ali ibn

Abi Talib.

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During the days of boycott

Fatimah was still a youngster during the 3 years of boycott when the

Quraysh had cut off trade and denied the early Muslim the right of

citizenship. Anyone who renounces his/her Islam will be exempted

from the boycott. Fatimah was among those who remained steadfast

on faith and remained loyal with the religion of Islam. This is one clear

indication of her internal resolution to struggle against falsehood until

the truth was established.

Mother of her father

She was nicknamed as “ بأم أبيها” – mother of her father due to her

relentless care and struggle for the success of her father’s mission.

Perseverance with her husband

The prophet married her to his cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib at the time of

financial hardship yet she persevered and managed with her husband

with the little available. She struggled against any satanic internal

forces and thoughts.

Her death

While the prophet was on his terminal illness, he called Fatimah and

confided two statements in her. The first statement caused her to cry

and the second caused her to smile.

(1) I’ve been informed that I will not recover from this illness.

(2) You will be the first among my family to join me.

She died few months after the death of the prophet. May Allah be

pleased with Ali and Fatimah.

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