The 7th meeting of the WMO/THORPEX Data Assimilation and Observing System (DAOS) Working Group Montreal, Canada, 15-16th August 2014

Update on Satellite Observations

Roger Saunders and Chris Velden

• Current Status

• Future Geostationary

• Future Polar

• Update on AMVs

Current Status Operational geostationary satellites –

USA: GOES-13 (East), -15 (West), GOES-14 spare

EUMETSAT: METEOSAT-10 (0 Deg.) & -7 (Indian Ocean); & -9 (R/S), Super R/S experiments with -8 at 2.5 min intervals for limited periods.

India/ISRO: Kalpana & INSAT-3D

CMA:FY-2E & F; KMA:COMS; Russia:Electro-L N1; JMA:MTSAT-2

Operational polar satellites –

• Suomi-NPP data being used operationally in NWP centres (ATMS, CrIS

rads) with good impacts.

• METOP-A/B IASI and AMSU-A/MHS data being assimilated. GCOM-W1 (Japan) AMSR-2 proving a good replacement for AMSR-E• FY-3C (China) New MW channels at 118GHz. Monitoring shows data are good

quality

• ASCAT and Oceansat-2 providing scatt-derived winds.• Cosmic constellation providing GPS-RO bending angles (1 satellite died)

© Crown copyright Met Office

Scatterometer use in Met Office Global NWP

Instrument Assimilated from Product Status

ASCAT-A/B Nov 2007 (Metop-A)

April 2013 (Metop-B)

OSI-SAF Level 2 BUFR 25-km wind product produced by KNMI

Operational

WindSat Nov 2008 Native EDR files received from NRL and processed in-house to produce a level 2 BUFR product at approx 50 km resolution.

Operational

OSCAT Jan 2013 to Feb 2014 OSI-SAF Level 2 BUFR 50-km wind product produced by KNMI

Failed

Pre loss of OSCAT Data coverage now

Future Geostationary Satellites• EUMETSAT Meteosat Third Generation Imager/ Sounder

• Launch in 2017/20, six satellites in series, 3 axis stabilised• High spectral IR Sounder (IRS): 700-1210 and 1600-2175cm-1

• 16 channel VIS+IR Imager (FCI): 10min scan, 2km fov• Lightning Imager (LI)• UVNS Sounder for atmospheric chemistry (Sentinel-4)• FCI and LI on first MTG sat; IRS and UVNS on second

• NESDIS GOES-R Series• -R launch slipped to 2016 (West), -S launch in 2017 (East)• Advanced Imager• Lightning Mapper (some tech issues)• Space Weather instrument suite• http://www.goes-r.gov/ for more details

• JMA Himawari-8 launch Sep 2014 (with ABI instruments), operational 2015; -9 launch in 2016

• CMA FY-4 series (IR Sounder, MW Sounder): 2015-2020 launches

• KMA COMS-Next for geostationary environmental monitoring (~2018)

• ISRO INSAT-3D operational, AMVs available

• Russia HydroMet – Electro-L N2 launch in Dec 14

Future Polar Satellites

• ESA: Aeolus Doppler wind lidar ‘launch-ready’ in 2016.

• JPSS: JPSS-1 2Q 2017 launch in PM orbit followed by JPSS-2.

• GPM-core: Launched to replace aging TRMM for precip (see later)

• NASA: RapidScat on ISS for scatt winds, 2014

• COSMIC-2 GPS-RO (6 low-inclination satellites approved, high-inclination awaiting funding from US side)

• Canada: PCW, Status?

• EUMETSAT:-Second Generation polar orbiter close to approval.

• CMA: FY-3D (2015), FY-3E (2017, early morning orbit?), FY-3F (2019)

• JMA: GCOM-C (2014?)

GEO AMVs

• NESDIS: GOES hourly AMV dissemination from May 14• EUMETSAT: Meteosat-10 low level AMVs improved• JMA: Rapid scan AMVs expected when Himawari-8 goes

operational (focused around Japan)• INSAT-3D: AMVs now available• CMA: FY-2E AMVs available

• UW-CIMSS/SSEC:

Reprocessing of GOES AMVs

(back to 1995); Delivery in 2014

for use in reanalyses

Polar AMVs Product SuiteMODIS• Aqua and Terra separately• Aqua and Terra combined• Direct broadcast (DB) at

– McMurdo, Antarctica (Terra, Aqua)

– Tromsø, Norway (Terra)

– Sodankylä, Finland (Terra)

– Fairbanks, Alaska (MODIS discontinued)

EW

AVHRR• Global Area Coverage (GAC) for NOAA-

15, -18, -19• Metop-A, -B• HRPT (High Resolution Picture

Transmission = direct readout) at – Barrow, Alaska, NOAA-18, -19

– Rothera, Antarctica, NOAA-18, -19

• Historical GAC winds, 1982-2012. Two satellites throughout most of the time series.

Operational

Operational

Operational

LEO-GEO• Combination of may geostationary

and polar-orbiting imagers• Fills the 60-70 degree latitude gap• Quasi-operational (CIMSS)

EW

VIIRS• S-NPP (GOES-R algorithm)• Direct broadcast at Fairbanks

(heritage algorithm)

Notes:1. NOAA-17 was decommissioned on 10

April 2013. AVHRR unusable since March 2010.

2. NOAA-16 was decommissioned on 9 June 2014.

Operational

Complete

GPM Constellation ConceptGPM Core Observatory

(NASA/JAXA, 2014 )DPR (Ku & Ka band)

GMI (10-183 GHz)65o Inclination

407 km altitude5 km best footprint

0.2 – 110 mm/hr and snow

Suomi NPP (NASA/NOAA)

MetOp B/C (EUMETSAT)

JPSS-1 (NOAA)

DMSP F17/F18/F19/F20(DOD)

GCOM-W1 (JAXA)

NOAA 18/19 (NOAA)

Megha-Tropiques (CNES/ISRO)

Next-Generation Unified Global Precipitation Products Using GPM Core Observatory as ReferencePrecipitation rates everywhere in the world every three hours 8

TRMM(NASA/JAXA)

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These are the first publically released images from GPM. The images show precipitation falling inside a March 10 extratropical cyclone over the northwest Pacific Ocean, approximately 1,000 miles east of Japan.

GPM Core: First Light Images Released March 25th 2014

Below: 3D view of precipitation rate inside the extra-tropical cyclone as viewed by the DPR. Vertical resolution is 250 m, horizontal resolution is ~5 km.

www.nasa.gov/gpm Above: Image from GMI showing rain rates across a 885 kilometer swath of an extra-tropical cyclone observed on March 10, 2014. In the northwest part of the storm, the blue areas indicate falling snow.

GPM Microwave Imager (GMI) retrievals

Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar data

President Obama viewing GPM data 4/24

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GPM Core Observatory: New Scientific Capabilities

© Crown copyright Met Office

FSO: data for April-July 2013total impact, by observation type

© Crown copyright Met Office

The cost-benefit chain

observing system

impact per cost

servicesApplication Areas users

indirect users of obs

M$ cost

M$ benefit

benefit per impact

direct users of obs

© Crown copyright Met Office

The 7th meeting of the WMO/THORPEX Data Assimilation and Observing System (DAOS) Working Group Montreal, Canada, 15-16th August 2014

Questions?

• Current Status

• Future Geostationary

• Future Polar

• Update on AMVs