Zebraï¬sh endoderm formation is regulated by combinatorial Nodal
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION · 3 10 4 10 2 10 3 10 4 102 103 ... commitment, panel II) or of Cdx2 (a...
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WWW.NATURE.COM/NATURE | 1 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:10.1038/nature11463 %Sox17(+) Number of Sox17(+) cells X 1000 %Sox17(+) #Sox17(+) d2 d4 d6 d8 d10 d12 d14 d18 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 25 20 15 10 5 0 Supplementary Figure 1: Expression of Sox17-GFP is transient during directed differentiation, with the peak at day six. Definitive endoderm (Sox17(+) cells) was generated from mES cells containing a Sox17-GFP reporter using growth factors (ActivinA and Wnt3A) for six days. Progenitors are the definitive endoderm stage can thus be captured using GFP expression. Data are shown for cells differentiated on gelatin.
Transcript of SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION · 3 10 4 10 2 10 3 10 4 102 103 ... commitment, panel II) or of Cdx2 (a...
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SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATIONdoi:10.1038/nature11463
%S
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Supplementary Figure 1: Expression of Sox17-GFP is transient during directed differentiation, with the peak at day six. Definitive endoderm (Sox17(+) cells) was generated from mES cells containing a Sox17-GFP reporter using growth factors (ActivinA and Wnt3A) for six days. Progenitors are the definitive endoderm stage can thus be captured using GFP expression. Data are shown for cells differentiated on gelatin.
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Supplementary Figure 3: No significant differences are found in the initial attachment of endoderm to mesenchyme versus controls. FACS-purified Sox17-GFP(+) cells were plated onto various surfaces and then their numbers were quantitated one day later.
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Supplementary Figure 4: Mes1 and Mes2 do not prevent apoptosis. A. Quantitation of immunofluorescence staining for cleaved caspase 3, a marker of cells undergoing apoptosis, revealed that Sox17-GFP(+) cells expanded on mesenchyme do not undergo increased apoptosis. Error bars were calculated using standard deviation. B. Representative images showing Sox17-GFP/cleaved caspase 3 immunofluorescence.
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Supplementary Figure 5: Growth factor and chemical inhibitor screens. A. Growth factor screen. FACS-purified, mouse Sox17-GFP(+) cells were cultured on either ECM or on iMEF (to provide a cellular context). A panel of candidate signaling factors were screened for the ability to expand endoderm at two different concentrations. The number of Sox17-GFP(+) cells was quantitated by FACS after 6 days of treatment, and is represented as fold-change over basal medium alone. Some factors had a marginal effect, 1.5- to 2-fold more Sox17-GFP(+) cells compared to basal medium alone. Even after 6 days of treatment with Keratinocyte Growth Factor (KGF) or Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4), only a 3-fold increase was seen (about 40% of the effect provided by co-culture mediated expansion), with no additive effect observed when used in combination. B. Chemical compound screen. Human endoderm was cultured with Mes2, and starting the next day a panel of 41 chemical inhibitors were added to see if the co-culture- mediated expansion could be abrogated. Chemicals were added at 1 uM and 10 uM over the course of 6 days. At day 6, cells were fixed, stained for Sox17 and FoxA2, and imaged and analyzed using high-throughput imaging machinery and software. Since some compounds may be toxic to endoderm, to mesenchyme, or to both, we quantitated both the total cell number as well as the number of cells that were positive for both Sox17 and FoxA2. As negative and positive controls, cells were cultured on ECM in the presence of DMSO, and on mesenchyme in the presence of DMSO, respectively.
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Supplementary Figure 6: Long-term expansion of mouse endoderm with successive FACS sorting yields expansion of approximately 2,000-fold more cells on Mes1 and Mes2. After seven passages, lasting 42 days, we observed a 2,000-fold expansion of purified mouse endoderm progenitors when the Sox17(+) cells were purified by FACS at each successive passage. The percentage of Sox17(+) cells at each stage remained steady (between 77% and 87%, data not shown.) In contrast to Sox17(+) cells passaged on mesenchyme, cells cultured on ECM alone were progressively lost within 5 passages (asterisk). As FACS sorting can be harsh to cells, we observed significant loss at each passage.
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Supplementary Figure 7: A scatter plot showing the average signal of all genes expressed by unpassaged endoderm (P0, y axis) versus those expressed by endoderm after 6 passages on mesenchyme Mes1 or Mes2 (P6, x axis). Sorted mouse endoderm that was unpassaged (P0) or passaged for 6 times on Mes1 or Mes2 (P6) was compared by global gene expression analysis. The concordance is quite high between P0 endoderm and P6 endoderm on Mes1 (R2 = 0.92), and similarly between P0 and P6 on Mes2 (R2 = 0.96). Red lines indicate the level for 2-fold differences between genes. As a reference, our lab previously reported that the R2 value for FACS-purified Sox17(+) cells from E7.75 mouse embryos vs. untreated mES cells was 0.55. 1
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Supplementary Figure 8: Characterization of endoderm expanded by mesenchymal signals. A. Expression of endodermal markers. I. The majority (>95%) of Sox17(+) cells also express the transcription factor FoxA2. In contrast, the expression of Sox2 (which marks lung lineage commitment, panel II) or of Cdx2 (a marker of gut endoderm, panel III) are rare; the incidence is 3% and 4% of cells, respectively, and this does not markedly increase during mesenchyme-mediated expansion. The quantification of Cdx2 and Sox2 is shown as the percentage of Sox17(+) cells. B. Endoderm cultured in the presence of Mes1 or Mes2 does not spontaneously differentiate into Pdx1(+) pancreatic progenitors. After six days of expansion 3.5% (on Mes1) and 6.8% (Mes2) of all cells express Pdx1 compared to 3.1% of cells cultured on ECM The percentage of total cells is shown.
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Pdx1 Ngn3
c-peptide c-peptide/nuclei
Supplementary Figure 9: Mouse endoderm passaged 6 times (P6) on Mes2 can be further differentiated to pancreatic progenitors (Pdx1(+)), endocrine progenitors (Ngn3(+)), and c-peptide-expressing cells.
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Supplementary Figure 10: Immunofluorescence of unpassaged or passaged cells, at each pancreatic stage, shows the expression of expected markers before injection into the kidney capsule. Cells were differentiated and expanded in vitro, then stained to ensure proper differentiation before transplantation. Endoderm (P0 and P7) was stained for Sox17, pancreatic progenitors (P0 and P7) were stained for Pdx1, and endocrine progenitors (P0 and P5) were stained for Ngn3 and for c-peptide. Even at the latest stage (endocrine progenitors), few cells express c-peptide before injection and maturation in vivo. Images were taken at 10X magnification.
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Supplementary Figure 11: Human c-peptide is detectable in the plasma of animals that have received transplants containing both unpassaged and passaged endoderm, pancreatic progenitors, and endocrine progenitors. Graph depicts a summary of each stage of progenitors that was injected, and what percentage of animals receiving those cells showed detectable human c-peptide by ultrasensitive ELISA (where detectable was defined as greater than 15 pmol/L). No c-peptide was detected in animals that received negative controls (in which PBS alone, or mesenchyme alone were injected). As a positive control for engraftment, survival, and function, human islets were also injected.
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Primary Mesenchymal Cell LinesDevelopmental Stage
Species Organ of Origin
M es1 E 18 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es2 A dult M ouse P ancreas (is le t fraction)M es3 A dult Hum an P ancreas (is le t fraction)M es4 E 13 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es5 E 12 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es6 A dult Hum an P ancreas (is le t fraction)M es7 A dult Hum an P ancreas (is le t fraction)M es8 E 14 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es9 A dult Hum an P ancreas (ac ina r fraction)M es10 E 15 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es11 E 16 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es12 E 17 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es13 E 17 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es14 E 17 .5 M ouse IntestineM es15 E 17 .5 M ouse L ive rM es16 P 0 M ouse S p leen
Control Cell Lines Description Species Organ of OriginC 1: E ndo bE nd .3 M ouse B ra inC 2 : E ndo M S 1 V E GF M ouse P ancreas (is le t)
C 3 : E p ith
804G (ra t ca rc inom a ce ll line ) Ra t B ladder
C 4 : F ib ro
Norm a l Hum an D erm a l F ib rob lasts (NHD F ) Hum an S kin
C 5 : M E F
M ouse em bryonic fib rob lasts (M E F ) M ouse E 12 .5 em bryo
Extracellular Matrices Description Species Organ of Origin
E C M 1
C ond itioned m ed ium from 804G ce ll line (ra t ca rc inom a) Ra t B ladder
E C M 2 Ge la tinE C M 3 Lam inin
Supplementary Table 1: A list of cells and ECM used in the screen. 16 primary mesenchymal lines were derived from mouse and human tissue. Mesenchyme from mouse was dissected from embryonic (days 12.5 through 18.5 after fertilization), neonatal (Postnatal day 0 (P0)) or adult mouse tissues. Mesenchyme from normal human adult donors was derived from the islet or acinar fractions alone.
Primary Mesenchymal Cell LinesDevelopmental Stage
Species Organ of Origin
M es1 E 18 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es2 A dult M ouse P ancreas (is le t fraction)M es3 A dult Hum an P ancreas (is le t fraction)M es4 E 13 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es5 E 12 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es6 A dult Hum an P ancreas (is le t fraction)M es7 A dult Hum an P ancreas (is le t fraction)M es8 E 14 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es9 A dult Hum an P ancreas (ac ina r fraction)M es10 E 15 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es11 E 16 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es12 E 17 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es13 E 17 .5 M ouse P ancreasM es14 E 17 .5 M ouse IntestineM es15 E 17 .5 M ouse L ive rM es16 P 0 M ouse S p leen
Control Cell Lines Description Species Organ of OriginC 1: E ndo bE nd .3 M ouse B ra inC 2 : E ndo M S 1 V E GF M ouse P ancreas (is le t)
C 3 : E p ith
804G (ra t ca rc inom a ce ll line ) Ra t B ladder
C 4 : F ib ro
Norm a l Hum an D erm a l F ib rob lasts (NHD F ) Hum an S kin
C 5 : M E F
M ouse em bryonic fib rob lasts (M E F ) M ouse E 12 .5 em bryo
Extracellular Matrices Description Species Organ of Origin
E C M 1
C ond itioned m ed ium from 804G ce ll line (ra t ca rc inom a) Ra t B ladder
E C M 2 Ge la tinE C M 3 Lam inin
Supplementary Table 1: A list of cells and ECM used in the screen. 16 primary mesenchymal lines were derived from mouse and human tissue. Mesenchyme from mouse was dissected from embryonic (days 12.5 through 18.5 after fertilization), neonatal (Postnatal day 0 (P0)) or adult mouse tissues. Mesenchyme from normal human adult donors was derived from the islet or acinar fractions alone.
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Supplementary Table 2: Summary of human ES-derived pancreatic cells injected into animals
GroupInternal
ID# Source Age Material injectedCautery?
vol (ul) injected
method injection
Included in GTT
(Fig. 4c)?
T0 c-peptide (pmol/L) (Fig. 4d)
T45 c-peptide (pmol/L) (Fig. 4d)
Control 1 738 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe2 721 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe3 746 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 50 syringe4 762 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 50 syringe5 740 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 50 syringe6 768 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 50 syringe7 715 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe8 716 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only N 30 syringe Yes 5.8 9.89 717 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe10 718 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe Yes 0.7 6.811 719 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe Yes 1.6 0.412 724 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe13 725 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe14 726 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe15 728 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe16 736 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe17 737 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe Yes 0.6 1.618 739 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe19 982 Harlan ~7 wks saline Y 50 syringe Yes 3.8 0.920 983 Harlan ~7 wks saline Y 50 syringe Yes 2.5 2.021 991 Harlan ~7 wks saline Y 50 syringe Yes 4.4 8.022 700 Charles River ~7 wks saline Y 30 pipetteman23 701 Charles River ~7 wks saline Y 30 pipetteman24 702 Charles River ~7 wks saline N 30 pipetteman25 703 Charles River ~7 wks saline N 30 pipetteman
Endo P0 1 704 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 Y 30 pipetteman2 705 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 Y 30 pipetteman3 706 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 Y 30 pipetteman
Supplementary Table 2: Summary of human ES-derived pancreatic cells injected into animals
GroupInternal
ID# Source Age Material injectedCautery?
vol (ul) injected
method injection
Included in GTT
(Fig. 4c)?
T0 c-peptide (pmol/L) (Fig. 4d)
T45 c-peptide (pmol/L) (Fig. 4d)
Control 1 738 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe2 721 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe3 746 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 50 syringe4 762 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 50 syringe5 740 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 50 syringe6 768 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 50 syringe7 715 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe8 716 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only N 30 syringe Yes 5.8 9.89 717 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe10 718 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe Yes 0.7 6.811 719 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe Yes 1.6 0.412 724 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe13 725 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe14 726 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe15 728 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe16 736 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe17 737 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe Yes 0.6 1.618 739 Charles River ~7 wks mesenchyme only Y 30 syringe19 982 Harlan ~7 wks saline Y 50 syringe Yes 3.8 0.920 983 Harlan ~7 wks saline Y 50 syringe Yes 2.5 2.021 991 Harlan ~7 wks saline Y 50 syringe Yes 4.4 8.022 700 Charles River ~7 wks saline Y 30 pipetteman23 701 Charles River ~7 wks saline Y 30 pipetteman24 702 Charles River ~7 wks saline N 30 pipetteman25 703 Charles River ~7 wks saline N 30 pipetteman
Endo P0 1 704 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 Y 30 pipetteman2 705 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 Y 30 pipetteman3 706 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 Y 30 pipetteman
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4 707 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 Y 30 pipetteman5 709 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 Y 30 pipetteman6 710 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 Y 30 pipetteman7 711 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 Y 30 pipetteman8 712 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 Y 30 pipetteman9 713 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 Y 30 pipetteman10 784 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 N 50 syringe11 786 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 N 50 syringe12 787 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 N 50 syringe13 789 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 N 50 syringe14 790 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 N 50 syringe15 797 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 N 50 syringe16 798 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P0 N 50 syringe
Endo P3 1 744 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P3 N 60 syringe2 753 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P3 N 60 syringe3 785 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P3 N 60 syringe4 791 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P3 N 60 syringe5 792 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P3 N 60 syringe6 793 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P3 N 60 syringe7 794 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P3 N 60 syringe8 795 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P3 N 60 syringe9 796 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P3 N 60 syringe
Pdx1 P5 1 807 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P5 N 50 syringe2 892 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P5 N 50 syringe3 894 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P5 N 50 syringe4 811 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P5 N 50 syringe5 812 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P5 N 50 syringe6 813 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P5 N 50 syringe7 814 Harlan ~ 7 wks hES-endoderm P5 N 50 syringe
Endo P6 1 903 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe2 904 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe3 905 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe4 906 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe5 907 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe6 908 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe7 909 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe8 808 Harlan ~ wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe9 911 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe10 912 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe11 913 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe12 914 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe13 917 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe14 919 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe15 920 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe16 921 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe17 922 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe18 923 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe19 928 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe20 929 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe21 930 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe
Endo P7 1 932 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe2 933 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe3 934 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe4 935 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe5 936 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe6 937 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe7 938 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe8 939 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe9 941 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe
Ngn3 P0 1 931 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P0 N 50 syringe2 unmarked Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P0 N 50 syringe3 unmarked 2 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P0 N 50 syringe4 unmarked 4 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P0 N 50 syringe5 unmarked 6 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P0 N 50 syringe6 unmarked 8 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P0 N 50 syringe
Ngn3 P5 1 962 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe2 963 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe3 964 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe4 967 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe5 969 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe6 970 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe7 975 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe
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8 808 Harlan ~ wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe9 911 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe10 912 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe11 913 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe12 914 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe13 917 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe14 919 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe15 920 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe16 921 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe17 922 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe18 923 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe19 928 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe20 929 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe21 930 Charles River ~7 wks hES-endoderm P6 N 50 syringe
Endo P7 1 932 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe2 933 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe3 934 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe4 935 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe5 936 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe6 937 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe7 938 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe8 939 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe9 941 Harlan ~7 wks hES-endoderm P7 N 50 syringe
Ngn3 P0 1 931 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P0 N 50 syringe2 unmarked Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P0 N 50 syringe3 unmarked 2 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P0 N 50 syringe4 unmarked 4 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P0 N 50 syringe5 unmarked 6 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P0 N 50 syringe6 unmarked 8 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P0 N 50 syringe
Ngn3 P5 1 962 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe2 963 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe3 964 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe4 967 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe5 969 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe6 970 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe7 975 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringe
8 unmarked 7 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Ngn3 P5 N 50 syringePdx1 P0 1 984 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe
2 985 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe3 986 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe Yes4 987 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe5 988 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe Yes6 989 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe Yes 48.0 169.07 990 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe8 992 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe Yes9 993 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe Yes 51.5 249.710 994 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe11 995 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe12 996 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe Yes 64.4 149.613 949 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe14 950 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe15 952 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe16 953 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe17 943 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe18 954 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe19 955 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P0 N 50 syringe
Pdx1 P4 1 942 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P4 N 50 syringe Yes 79.3 285.42 944 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P4 N 50 syringe Yes3 945 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P4 N 50 syringe Yes 63.3 240.04 946 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P4 N 50 syringe5 947 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P4 N 50 syringe Yes6 948 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P4 N 50 syringe Yes
Pdx1 P6 1 977 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P6 N 50 syringe2 979 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P6 N 50 syringe3 980 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P6 N 50 syringe4 981 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P6 N 50 syringe
Pdx1 P7 1 957 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P7 N 50 syringe Yes 116.2 228.52 961 Harlan ~7 wks hES-Pdx1 P7 N 50 syringe Yes
Islets1 741 Charles River ~7 wks human islets from donor 1 Y 50 syringe2 743 Charles River ~7 wks human islets from donor 1 Y 50 syringe3 745 Charles River ~7 wks human islets from donor 1 Y 50 syringe4 747 Charles River ~7 wks human islets from donor 1 Y 50 syringe
5 751 Charles River ~7 wks human islets from donor 1 Y 50 syringe6 754 Charles River ~7 wks human islets from donor 1 Y 50 syringe Yes7 756 Charles River ~7 wks human islets from donor 1 Y 50 syringe8 757 Charles River ~7 wks human islets from donor 1 Y 50 syringe9 764 Charles River ~7 wks human islets from donor 1 Y 50 syringe10 767 Charles River ~7 wks human islets from donor 1 Y 50 syringe11 800 Harlan ~7 wks human islets from donor 2 N 60 syringe12 802 Harlan ~7 wks human islets from donor 2 N 60 syringe Yes 28.0 264.913 804 Harlan ~7 wks human islets from donor 2 N 60 syringe14 805 Harlan ~7 wks human islets from donor 2 N 60 syringe15 806 Harlan ~7 wks human islets from donor 2 N 60 syringe16 815 Harlan ~7 wks human islets from donor 3 N 50 syringe Yes 93.4 226.817 820 Harlan ~7 wks human islets from donor 3 N 50 syringe Yes 261.2 401.618 972 Harlan ~ 7 wks human islets from donor 3 N 50 syringe Yes 198.2 544.319 unmarked #5 Harlan ~ 7 wks human islets from donor 3 N 50 syringe Yes 107.1 466.9
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
1 4 | W W W. N A T U R E . C O M / N A T U R E
RESEARCH
REFERENCES
1. Borowiak, M. et al. Small molecules efficiently direct endodermal differentiation of mouse and human embryonic stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 4, 348-58 (2009).
