ST WOOLOS CONSERVATION AREACONSERVATION AREA APPRAISALAPRIL 2018 - CONSULTATION DRAFT

Issue 01April 2018Consultation Draft

Prepared by Purcell® on behalf of Newport City Council.

www.purcelluk.com

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1.0 INTRODUCTION 041.1 St Woolos Conservation Area 041.2 DefinitionofaConservationArea 041.3 PurposeandScopeoftheConservation

Area Appraisal 06

2.0 PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT 072.1 UKandWelshLegislation 072.2 Local Policy 072.3 Guidance 082.4 Consultation 08

3.0 CHARACTER 093.1 Historical Development 093.2 Archaeology 143.3 Topography 143.4 Views 143.5 Configuration&DirectionofMovement 183.6 ArchitecturalCharacter 183.7 Spaces&PublicRealm 25

4.0 APPRAISAL 294.1 StatementofSpecialInterest 294.2 AuditofHeritageAssets 294.3 Issues&Opportunities 32

5.0 MANAGEMENTPLAN 355.1 ReviewingtheBoundary 355.2 ControlMeasuresBroughtAboutby

ConservationAreaDesignation 375.3 Conservation&DesignGuidance 375.4 Aims&Objectives 41

FURTHERINFORMATION 42

ARCHITECTURAL GLOSSARY 44

CONTACT DETAILS 45

APPENDIX A: LIST OF HERITAGE ASSETS 46

ST WOOLOS CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISALCONTENTS

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 ST WOOLOS CONSERVATION AREA1.1.1 TheStWoolosConservationAreawasdesignatedon28August1985;itisoneof15ConservationAreasunderthejurisdictionofNewport City Council.

1.1.2 TheStWoolosConservationArearecognisesNewport’searliestsettlement,whichgrewuparoundtheCathedral.ThekeydefiningfeaturesoftheConservationAreaareitsdistinctivetopography,withinwhichtheCathedralisamajorlandmark,andthevarietyofdifferentbuildingstylesthathavedevelopedalongStowHillasaresultofthe19th-centuryindustryboominNewport.

ASUMMARYOFTHEPROPOSED2018CHANGES:

• TheboundaryhasbeenextendedtothenorthandanareaformerlyintheCityCentreConservationAreahasnowbeentransferredtotheStWoolosConservation Area.

• Therehavebeenminorextensionstotheboundaryatthesouth-westcorner.

• ThemoderndevelopmentontheeastsideofCliftonPlacehasbeenremovedfromtheConservationArea.

1.2 DEFINITION OF A CONSERVATION AREA1.2.1 AConservationAreaisdefinedas‘an area of special architectural or historic interest the character of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance.’01

1.2.2 ConservationAreasrecognisetheuniquequalityofanareaasawhole.Itisnotjustthecontributionofindividualbuildingsandmonuments,butalsothatofotherfeatures,including(butnotlimitedto)topography,streetfurniture,openspacesandlandscaping.Theseallcontributetothecharacterandappearanceofanarea,resultinginadistinctivesenseofplace.

1.2.3 Theextenttowhichabuilding,orgroupofbuildings/structures,positivelyshapethecharacterofaConservationAreaisfoundednotjustfromtheirstreet-facingelevations,butalsofromtheintegrityoftheirhistoricfabric,overallscaleandmassing,detailingandmaterials.Rearandsideelevationscanalsobeimportant.

01 Section69(1),Planning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990.

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PLAN 1: ST WOOLOS CONSERVATIONAREA,2018

St Woolos Conservation Area (Proposed2018Boundary)

This plan is not to scale

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.3 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL1.3.1 ItisarequirementunderthePlanning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990thatallLocalPlanningAuthorities‘formulateandpublishproposalsforthepreservationandenhancement’ofConservationAreaswithintheirjurisdiction,andthatthesedocumentsareperiodicallyreviewed.01

1.3.2 TheboundaryoftheStWoolosConservationAreahasnotbeensubjecttoanyreviewsinceitwasoriginallydesignated.Itisimportantthatlocalauthoritiesmaintainanup-to-datestrategyforthepositivemanagementofConservationAreas.ThesepublicdocumentsdefineandrecordthespecialinterestofaConservationArea,andsetoutaplanofactionforitson-goingprotectionandenhancement.

1.3.3 Overtime,ConservationAreasevolveandthecharacteristicswhichunderpintheirspecialinterestmaydecreaseintheirintegrityasaresultofgradualalteration.ItisthereforeimportanttoreviewandtakestockofthecharacterofaConservationAreaatintervalstoensuredesignationisstillsuitableandthatthepropermanagementofchangeisstillinplace.

1.3.4 Often,ConservationAreaboundarieshavehistoricallybeendrawntootightlyorincludeperipheralareaswhichdonotcontributetoanunderstandingofcharacter.Consequently,itisimportanttoreviewtheboundaryandinclude/excludebuildingsandspaceswhichdo/notmeetConservationAreadesignation.

01 Section71(1),Planning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990.

1.3.5 ThisConservationAreaAppraisalseeksto:

• RecordandanalysethecharacterandspecialinterestoftheStWoolosConservationArea;

• Recognisethedesignatedandnon-designatedheritageassetswithintheConservationArea;

• IdentifyriskswhichthreatenthespecialinterestoftheConservationArea;

• IdentifyopportunitiestoenhancetheConservationArea;and

• Setoutamanagementplanwithguidanceandpoliciesforthepositivemanagement,preservationandenhancementoftheConservation Area.

1.3.6 Althoughthisdocumentisintendedtobecomprehensive,theomissionofanybuilding,structure,featureorspacedoesnotimplythatsaidelementisnotsignificantordoesnotpositivelycontributetothecharacterandspecialinterestoftheConservationArea.Theprotocolssetoutinsection5(ManagementPlan)areapplicableineveryinstance.

1.3.7 TheassessmentswhichprovidethebaselineinformationforthisConservationAreaAppraisalhavebeencarriedoutusingpublicly-accessibleresourcesandthroughon-siteanalysisfromthepublicthoroughfareswithintheConservationArea.

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2.0 PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT

2.1 UK AND WELSH LEGISLATION2.1.1 Conservation Areas were introduced in theUnitedKingdomundertheCivicAmenitiesAct1967.TheyarenowgovernedunderthePlanning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990.

2.1.2 TheHistoricEnvironment(Wales)Act2016waspassedbytheNationalAssemblyforWalesin2016andamendsthe1990ActsothatitisspecifictoWalesanditshistoricenvironment.Theaimsofthe2016Actare:

• ToaffordmoreeffectiveprotectiontoListedBuildingsandscheduledmonuments;

• Toimprovethesustainablemanagementofthehistoricenvironment;and

• Tointroducegreatertransparencyandaccountabilityintodecisionstakenregardingthehistoricenvironment.01

2.1.3 FurtherguidanceiseffectedthroughPlanningPolicyWales,Chapter6TheHistoricEnvironment(Edition9,November2016)andaseriesofaccompanyingTechnicalAdviceNotes,whichfilterthroughintodevelopmentplansatalocallegislativelevel.

2.2 LOCAL POLICY2.2.1 NewportCityCouncil’sLocalDevelopmentPlan2011-2026wasformallyadoptedaspolicyinJanuary2015,settingoutobjectives,aswellasstrategicandtopic-specificpoliciestoguidethedevelopmentoftheCity.

SP9concernstheconservationofthenatural,historicandbuiltenvironment:

The conservation, enhancement and management of recognised sites within the natural, historic and built environment will be sought in all proposals.

01 Cadw,http://cadw.gov.wales/historicenvironment/policy/historicenvironmentbill/provisions/

2.2.2 CE 7 concerns Conservation Areas:Development within or adjacent to Conservation Areas will be required to:

i Be designed to preserve or enhance the character of appearance of the Conservation Area, having regard to the Conservation Area appraisal where appropriate.

ii Avoid the removal of existing historic features, including traditional shopfronts and joinery.

iii Use materials which are traditional, or appropriate to their context.

iv Complement or reflect the architectural qualities of nearby buildings which make a positive contribution to the character of the area.

v Pay special attention to the settings of buildings, and avoid the loss of any existing domestic gardens and open spaces which contribute to the character of the area.

vi Avoid adverse impact on any significant views, within, towards or outwards from the Conservation Area.

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2.0 PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT

2.4 CONSULTATION2.4.1 ItisastatutoryrequirementunderthePlanning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990forLocalAuthoritiestoformulateandpublishproposalsforthepreservationandenhancementofConservationAreaswithintheirjurisdiction,andforthatguidancetobesubjecttopublicreview.02

2.4.2 ThisdraftStWoolosConservationAreaAppraisalwillbesubjecttoaperiodofpublicconsultationduringwhichtimecommentsmaybesubmittedtotheCouncil.ItisimportantthatthefinalAppraisalthatisformallyadoptedasSupplementaryPlanningGuidance(SPG)isrelevantandusefultothepublic,aswellastheLocalAuthority.Therefore,itisimportantthattheNewportcommunityhavetheirsay.

02 Section71,Planning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990.

2.3 GUIDANCE2.3.1 CadwistheWelshGovernment’sserviceresponsibleforthemanagementofthehistoricenvironment.Inadditiontothelegislativerequirementsofthisdocument,theConservationAreaAppraisalhasbeenpreparedinlinewithbest-practiceguidancepublishedbyCadw,particularly:

• ConservationPrinciplesfortheSustainableManagementoftheHistoricEnvironmentinWales,(March2011).

• ManagingConservationAreasinWales,(May2017).

• ManagingHistoricCharacterinWales,(May2017).

• ManagingListedBuildingsatRiskinWales,(May2017).

• ManagingChangetoListedBuildingsinWales,(May2017).

• SettingofHistoricAssetsinWales,(May2017).

2.3.2 FulldetailsareprovidedintheFurtherInformationsectionattheendofthisdocument.

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3.0 CHARACTER

3.1 HISTORICALDEVELOPMENTKey Dates Timeline

400sTheearliestsettlementatNewportwasestablishedaroundStWoolos.

c.500ThechurchatStWooloswasfoundedbyGwynllyw,LordofGwynllwg(looselytranslatedandcorruptedintoEnglishasWoolos).

c.800Thechurchwasre-built.

c.1080Thechurchwasre-builtagain.

1402Thechurchsuffereddamageduringarebellionandwaslaterrepaired,withsubstantialadditionalnewfeaturesincludingthetower,entranceporchandaisles.

c.mid-late 1700sStowHillbecameaturnpikeroad,recognisingitsimportanceasatraderoute.

1807CommercialStreetwasestablishedtotheeastofStWoolos,decreasingtrafficonStow Hill.

1839ChartistrebelssurgeddownStowHillduringtheuprisingwhichculminatedinabloodybattleoutsidetheWestgateHotel.

1848VictoriaPlacewaslaidoutandotherdevelopmentsstartedaroundtherelativelyruralareaaroundthethenchurch.

1862TheretainingwallwasbuiltalongStowHill.

1949StWooloswasawardedfullCathedralstatus.TheformercemeterytothenorthoftheCathedralwastransformedintoapublicparkaroundthesameperiod.

2002Newport was awarded City status as part ofQueenElizabethII’sGoldenJubileecelebrations.

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3.1.1 Maps3.1.2 TheearliestplantoshowtheStWoolosareadatesfromtheperiodinwhichthetown’sdevelopmentwasmostlyconcentratedtothenorth,aroundtheCastleandHighStreet.ThefootprintoftheCathedral(thenachurch)isclearlyvisibleatthebottomleft-handcorneroftheplan,withneighbouringfieldstothenorthandprobablyverylittledevelopmenttothesouthasthemapdoesnotcontinuemuchfurther.StowHillisclearlydepictedasthemainthoroughfarebetweenthechurchandthetowncentre,lineswithbuildingsoneitherside,graduallybecomingmoredenselycompactedfurthernorth.ThereisanindicationofaminorroutealongroughlythesamecourseasthedrivedowntoKingsHill,althoughtherearenobuildingsshown.

The Town and Borough of Newport, 1750

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3.1.3 Alittleover80yearslater,themaindevelopmentinNewportwastheestablishmentofCommercialStreettotheeastofStWoolos,directingashiftinNewport’sexpansiondirectlysouthtowardsthenewdocksatPillgwenlly.BuildingsalongStowHilltowardstheCathedralisstillclearlyevident,withurbanexpansionstartingtoshowtothewestandsouth.

Plan of Newport, 1835

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gardens,andtheassociatedpublicamenitiesfortheincreasingpopulation.Thisincludedanumberofchapels(particularlytothenorth-eastoftheCathedral,aroundHillStreet)andpublicopenspaces.

3.1.4 Inthelatterhalfofthe19thcentury,therewasahugedevelopmentboomacrossNewport.StWooloswasnowsurroundingbyhouses,creatingacharacteristicurbangrainofrowsofterraceswithback(andoftenfront)

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3.1.5 VerylittlechangewascarriedoutinStWoolosinmid-20thcenturyandthedistinctiveurbangrainevidentinthelate19thcenturyremainsmuchthesametoday.Thenewearly20th-centuryprimaryschoolandalmshousesonStowHillareindicativeofamovetowardscivic improvements..

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3.4 VIEWS3.4.1 ThedistinctivetopographyacrosstheConservationAreamakesasignificantcontributiontotheviewsinto,acrossandoutfromStWoolos,manyofwhichterminateatorincorporatelandmarksacrosstheCity.Majorviews include:

• ViewslookingnorthwardsdownStowHillwiththeChartistTowerinthebackground;

• ViewslookingsouthwardsupStowHilltowardstheCathedral;

• ViewsoutfromacrosstheraisedwalkwaysaroundtheCathedral;

• ViewsoutacrossnorthNewportandbeyondfromStWoolosRoad,CliftonPlaceandthepark;and

• ViewseastwardstowardstheRiverUsk,docksandtransporterbridgefromVicarageHillandtheaccessroutetoKingsHill(offthesouthsideofStowHill).

3.4.2 Thevariedstreetandpavementlevelsoffermultipleimportantlocalviews,especiallythoselookingacrossStowHillfromitselevatedwalkwaysandviewsalonglocalstreetscapes.TheviewthroughVictoriaPlacetowardstheformerUnitedReformedChurch(nowtheIslamicSocietyofWalesMosque)isespeciallynotable.

3.2 ARCHAEOLOGY3.2.1 TheStWoolosConservationAreapartiallyoverlapswiththetowncentreArchaeologicallySensitiveArea,whichhighlightstheimportanceofpotentialbelow-groundfeaturesalongtheriverfrontandaroundtheCity’shistoricroutes.StowHillisahistoricallyimportantthoroughfareasthemedievalarterialrouteintothemedievaltownfromthesouthand,later,asabusyturnpikeroadassociatedwiththehighlevelsoftradingactivitybeforethedocksmovedsouthinthe19thcentury.ThereisalsoarchaeologicalpotentialrelatedtotheuseofpartsoftheConservationAreaasburialgroundsandalsowherebuildingshistoricallystoodbuthavesincebeendemolished.

3.2.2 FullarchaeologicalrecordscanbeaccessedthroughtheGlamorgan-GwentArchaeologicalTrustandArchwilio(seeFurtherInformation).

3.3 TOPOGRAPHY3.3.1 ThetopographicallandscapeofNewporthasbeenhewnbytheflowoftheRiverUsk,resultinginabedrockgeologyofsedimentarydepositsfrommillenniaoffloodingandthemovementofwatersouthwardstowardstheSevernEstuary.

3.3.2 TheStWoolosConservationAreahasaverydistinctivetopography,characterisedbythesteepinclineupStowHilltowardstheCathedralatitsapex.TheretainingstonewallonthewestsideofStowHillisindicativeofhowtheroadhadhistoricallybeenlevelledintothehill,resultinginamuchhigherbuildinglineonitswestside.Thelandscapethenslopesdownsharplytotheeastandsouth,backtowardstheriver.VicarageLane,HillStreetandParkSquareareespeciallysteepthoroughfares.

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Photograph 1: Looking down Stow Hill from the raised Cathedral walkway

Photograph 2: Looking towards the docks and transported bridge from the access drive to Palace House

Photograph 3: Looking down Charles Street towards Commercial Street

Photograph 4: Looking through Victoria Place to the chapel at the corner with Victoria Road, from the elevation west pavement on Stow Hill

Photograph 5: A clear view of the transporter bridge from Vicarage Hill

Photograph 6: Looking out across north Newport from the park

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Photograph 7: Looking across north Newport and beyond from St Woolos Road

Photograph 9: Looking north down Stow Hill

Photograph 8: Looking east down Park Square

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PLAN 2: VIEWS

St Woolos Conservation Area (Proposed2018Boundary)

Majorlongrangeview Significanctlocalviews Important 360° viewpoint

This plan is not to scale

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3.6.2 AcharacteristicthemeistheinfluenceofNewport’sinfluxofwealthinthe19thandearly20thcenturies,whichinstigatedaperiodofornateandhigh-qualityarchitecturaldesign.ThisismoreobviousintheCityCentreConservationAreaandspillsintotheStWoolosConservationAreabuttoalesserdegree.Thebuildingsaregenerallyresidentialincharacter,interspersedwithmajorpublicbuildings(suchastheprimaryschoolandchapels).

3.6.3 ThescaleofbuildingacrosstheConservationAreaistypicallydomestic,withterracedhousesgenerallytwoorthreestoreysinheightconcentratedalongStowHillandatthenorthendoftheConservationArea.Atthesouthend,thebuildingsaretypicallylarger,detachedandsetwithinmoregenerousplots;forexample,theDeaneryandvillasonParkSquare.

3.5 CONFIGURATION&DIRECTIONOFMOVEMENT3.5.1 TheConservationAreaiscentredalongthespineformedbyStowHill,beforebranchingouttobecomewideratitssouthernend.StowHillisabusythoroughfareforvehiculartraffic,especiallyatthejunctionwithVictoriaPlace,wheretrafficfiltersofffromCommercialStreet,leavingthenorthendoftheStWoolosandCityCentre Conservation Areas mainly pedestrianisedwithlimitedvehiculartraffic.

3.5.2 MovementintheStWoolosConservationAreagenerallymovesalongStowHillandaroundtheCathedral,offwhichareseverallocalaccess-onlyroutes.TherearestronglinkswiththeadjacentCityCentreConservationAreaandmovementup/downCommercialStreet,whichrunsparallelwithaportionofStowHillandislinkedviaseveralinterjoiningsecondarythoroughfares(forexample,CharlesStreetandHillStreet).

3.5.3 StowHillisanearlythoroughfarewhichillustrateshowthemedievaltownneartheCastlewaslinkedwiththeearliersettlementaroundtheCathedral,eventuallybecominglinkedasaresultofdevelopmentspreadingfromboth.TheslightcurveanddistinctivetopographyofStowHillisaclearsignofhowitevolvedthroughuse,ratherthanasanexerciseintownplanning(aswasthecasewithCommercialStreet).

3.6 ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER3.6.1 ThearchitecturethroughouttheStWoolosConservationAreavariesgreatly:fromthemajorlandmarkCathedraltodomesticterraces.ThevarietyofstylesisillustrativeofthechangingroleofStowHill,historicallyaprimaryrouteinto/outfromthemedievaltowncentre,intoamoregenteelresidentialareainthelate19thandearly20thcenturies.

Photograph 10: The Deanery, set back from Stow Hill with a generous surrounding plot

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3.6.4 Thereisastrongclassicalinfluenceinmuchofthearchitecture,varyingfromsimplebuildingsinapolitestyle(i.e.designedtolookpleasantly proportioned and not in a local vernacularstyle),tomoreheavilyclassiciseddesigns.AclassicalstyleisespeciallyevidentonVictoriaPlace,withbothsidesofthestreetmirroringtheotherandornamentedwithdelicateironbalconies,rusticatedgroundfloorand Ionic door surrounds.

Photograph 11: A simple polite building on Stow Hill, with balanced proportions and little ornamentation

Photograph 12: The classical detailing on Victoria Place

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3.6.5 CliftonPlaceisanotherexampleofpolitearchitecturaldesign,althoughthebuildingswhichmakeuptheterraceonthewestsideofthestreetvaryandformpairsorgroups.Thisincludestypicalclassicalfeaturessuchascantedbaywindows,pedimentedlintelsandhip-roofedporches.TheterracealsoincludesapairinaGothicRevivalstylewithgabledfronts,trefoil-archedwindowsandpinnacles.

3.6.6 TheVictoriaAlmshousesat100StowHillareuniquewiththeConservationAreainboththeirconfigurationandscale.ComprisingonestoreyandpositionedinaU-shape,theycontrastthetallerandmoretightly-compactterracedbuildingswhichareprevalentalongStowHillandatthenorthendoftheConservation Area.

3.6.7 TherearefivenotablelandmarkbuildingswithintheConservationArea,eachassertingadistinctivearchitecturalprominencewithintheirrespectivestreetscapes:

• StWoolosCathedral(amajorlandmarkwithintheConservationArea,generally);

• TheIslamicCentreforWales(formerUnitedReformedChurch),VictoriaRoad;

• FormerMountZionChapel,HillStreet;

• StWoolosPrimarySchool,StowHill;and

• HavelockStreetPresbyterianChurch.

Photograph 13: Former Mount Zion Chapel Photograph 14: St Woolos Cathedral

Photograph 15: St Woolos Primary School Photograph 16: The Islamic Centre for Wales

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3.6.8 Architectural Character by Street

3.6.9 Charles Street: MorecommercialincharacterthanelsewhereintheConservationArea,withavarietyofclassically-inspiredelevationdesignswithsomemorehighly-decorativesculptedfeatures.

Photograph 17: Charles Street

3.6.10 Clifton Place: Paired/groupedterracedbuildings(groundtosecondfloorwithbasement)inaclassicalorGothic-Revivalstyle,withgenerousfrontgardens.

Photograph 18: Clifton Place

3.6.11 Clifton Road:Two-storeyterraceswithfront-facinggables.ThosetotheeastoftheCathedralbeingmoreornatewithscrolledlintels.Togetherwiththegable-frontedbuildingsatthesouthendofStowHill,thesebuildingsalllookontotheCathedral,formingaprecinct-likeconfiguration.

Photograph 19: Clifton Road

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3.6.12 Hill Street: Moremodestpoliteterracedbuildingsfrontingdirectlyontothenorthsideofthestreet,withlittleornamentationandprominentgable-endchimneystacks.

Photograph 20: Hill Street

3.6.13 Park Square: Individual or paired villas setwithinfairlygenerousplotswithfrontboundarywalls,concentratedonthesouthandwestsides,withmoremodestterracedhousesonthenorthsidewithgroundfloorbaywindows.

Photograph 21: Park Square

3.6.14 Stow Hill: Varietyoflate19th/early20th-centuryarchitecturalstyles,rangingfromunornamentedpoliteterracestogranderbuildingswithrichclassicalornamentation.

Photograph 22: Stow Hill

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3.6.15 Vicarage Hill: Modestearly20th-centuryhouseswithcantedbays.

Photograph 23: Vicarage Hill

3.6.16 Victoria Place:Stronglyclassicalmirroredterraceswithstuccoedelevations,ornamentalrailingsandfirstfloorbalconies.

Photograph 24: Victoria Place

3.6.17 Victoria Road: DominatedbytheIslamicCentreforWales,withapairofpolite,semi-detachedbuildingsopposite,withstuccoedelevationsandboundarywallwithrailings.

Photograph 25: Victoria Road

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3.6.18 CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES & MATERIALS3.6.19 AsaresultofthevaryingarchitecturalstylesthroughouttheConservationArea,thereareanumberofdifferentfeaturesandmaterialsused,thecombinationofwhichisgenerallyindividualtoeachbuildingorgroup.

3.6.20 Bothyellowandredbrickareevident,especiallyonCliftonRoad.StWoolosPrimarySchoolisnotableforitsprominentuseofredbrickwithcontrastingashlardressings.

3.6.21 StuccoisespeciallycommononParkSquareandonthelargerdomesticbuildingsonStowHill.Externalpaintinginavarietyoflightcolours is also commonplace.

3.6.22 Pennant stone is present to a lesser extentforthehistoricallydomesticbuildingsthroughouttheConservationArea,butistheprincipalmaterialfortheCathedral,includingthedominantretainingwallsarounditsislandsite,andforthewallsalongStowHill.ItisalsoacommonmaterialforthelowfrontboundarywallsalongCliftonPlaceandforgatepiers.

3.6.23 Thefrequentuseofironrailingsforfrontboundarytreatmentsisillustrativeofthe19th-centurygenteelcharacteroftheStowHillarea,indicatingthatitwasahistoricallyprosperousneighbourhood.ThosealongtheStowHillandCathedralpavementsareespeciallyprominentfeatures.

3.6.24 Classicalfeaturesarepresenttovaryingdegreesandinclude:pedimentedlintels,dentilled/corbelledcornices,columnsand rustication.

3.6.25 Roofsaretypicallyhippedorpitched,withslateor,toalesserextent,tiles.

3.6.26 AsistypicalacrossmuchofNewportCityCentre,manyofthecommercialandpublicbuildingsaresupplementedwithrichornamentation,typicallycarvedinsandstone.

Photograph 26: The classical detailing on Victoria Place

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Photograph 27: Pennant stone and railings around the Cathedral island

Photograph 28: Carved detailing on Charles Street

3.7 SPACES&PUBLICREALM3.7.1 ThereareanumberofnotableopenspacesthroughouttheStWoolosConservationArea,someintentionallydesignedassuchandsomecreatedasaresultofbuildingsbeingdemolished,whichleavesinterestingsecondaryelevationsmoreclearlyexposed.Thoseareaswhichhavebeenusedasburialgroundsorwereformerlyoccupiedbybuildingshavehighpotentialforbelow-groundarchaeology.Theplantingwithinandaroundtheboundariesoftheseopenspaces,especiallytheCathedralislandsite,addarichgreen-nessthathelpsbreakupandsoftenthebuiltenvironment.

3.7.2 TheopenareaatthecentreofParkSquareisadesignedmunicipallandscape,withplantingandseatingareas,andalsoprovidesvisualamenityforthehousesaroundParkSquare,lookingontotheparkarea.TheformercemeteryonthenorthsideofCliftonRoad,oppositetheCathedral,islikelytohavealwaysbeenanopenspace(itislabelledasChurchFieldona1750plan)butwasre-landscapedasaparkaftertheSecondWorldWarandnowhasamunicipalcharacterwithbrickterracingandlittleobviousconnectionwiththeCathedralopposite,exceptforitscloseproximity.TheenclosedspacesurroundingtheCathedralemphasisesitshistoryastheoriginalsettlementinNewport,asisexplainedbyacommemorativeplaqueontheislandwall.

3.7.3 TheConservationAreahasahighproportionofcarparks,typicallyestablishedwherebuildingshavebeendemolishedandnotreplaced:thatatthenorthendofStowHillwashistoricallythesiteoftheschoolwhichgaveSchoolLaneitsname;thecarparkbetweenthetwochapelsonHillStreetwaspreviouslyoccupiedbyaseriesofterracedhousestomatchtheoppositesiteofthestreet;andthecarparkonthenorthsideofVictoriaPlacewashistoricallythesiteofseveralterracedhouses

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arealsoevident,indicatingthataprogrammeofpublicrealmimprovementshasbeencarriedouthereinrecentyears.Atypicallylate20th-centuryschemeofinterlockingbricksettsformstheterraceswithintheparkoffCliftonRoad,givingadatedmunicipalcharacter.

andcivicbuildings.AtthenorthendofStowHill,thereareclearsignsoftheformerbuildingwhichstoodhere,whereastheHillStreetcarparkhasbeenmoreheavilylandscapedintoamunicipal-styleareawithnodiscerniblecluesofits previous use.

3.7.4 TheopenspacebetweenHillStreetandCharlesStreetcomprisesthehistoricburialgroundsassociatedwiththeformerchapelswhichbackedontothiscentralarea,asindicatedbyitsnameChapelPark.ThehistoryofthisspaceisalsoemphasisedbythegravestoneswhichhavebeenpositionedagainstthewallsofthebuildingflankingtheentrancetotheparkoffTalbotLane.

3.7.5 ThroughouttheConservationAreaareanumberofinterestinghistoricfeatures,typicallydatingfromthelate19thandearly20thcenturies,whentherewasanotableboomindevelopment and civic amenities across Newport.TheseincludeapostboxfromthereignofGeorgeV(1910-36);alate19th-centuryelectricitytransformeronParkSquare,installedaspartoftheprogrammetoprovideelectriclighting;andawaterfountainoutsidethelychgateentrancetotheCathedral.Therearealsonotablemodernfeatures,particularlysculptural,whichcommemoratetheChartists’marchupStowHilltotheCityCentre.TheseareallillustrativeofNewport’ssocialhistoryandhowtheCityhasevolved.

3.7.6 Pennantstoneisacharacteristicsurfacetreatmentforpavements,wherethereareoftendrainagegulliesalongtheedgetochannelwaterrunoff.ThesearealsoevidentonVicarageHill,requiringathresholdstepoverfromthegatesontothealley.AroundthesouthendofStowHillandaroundtheCathedral,setts

Photograph 29: Chapel car park, Stow Hill – named after the former building on this site and re-landscaped in a municipal style

Photograph 30: Gravestones behind the foliage at the entrance to Chapel Park

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Photograph 31: A post box from the reign of King George V (1910-36) Photograph 32: British Women’s Temperance Association Drinking Fountain, installed in 1913

Photograph 33: Sculptures on the Stow Hill wall of St Woolos Primary School

Photograph 34: Boots sculpture inside the entrance to the Cathedral from the north side

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Photograph 35: Electricity transformer from 1891 on Park Square

Photograph 36: The pennant stone pavement on Stow Hill, with a water run-off channel

Photograph 37: The piecemeal surface on Vicarage Hill, with a brick drainage channel on the left

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4.0 APPRAISAL

4.1 STATEMENTOFSPECIALINTEREST4.1.1 TheStWoolosConservationAreaishighlysignificantasthelocationoftheearliestsettlementincentralNewportbeforeitmigratednorthwardstowardstheriver.StowHillisahighlysignificantthoroughfareformingthemainaxisthroughtheConservationArealinkingtheCathedralwiththeCastleandRiverUsk.ThishasremainedanimportantrouteintotheCitythroughouthistory,augmentedbyitsroleinjourneytakenbytheChartistrebelsastheymarcheduptoWestgatein1839.

4.1.2 ByvirtueofitslocationatthecrestofStowHill,thetopographyoftheConservationAreaisaparticularlydefiningandimportantfeature,allowingbothaseriesoflocalviewswithinitsboundariesandalsoimportantvistasoutwards.Long-rangeviewsouttowardsthevalleysnorth-westoftheCityemphasiseitslinkswiththeminingindustryacrossSouthWalesthatinstigatedthedevelopmentandbusinessboominthe19thcenturywhichisclearlyvisibleinmid-rangeviewstotheeast,towardsCommercialStreetandtheriverdocks.

4.2.3 ThecontrastbetweenthegroupsofterracedhousesandlandmarkbuildingsischaracteristicoftheConservationArea,andresultsinadistinctiveandvariedsetofstreetscapes.TheCathedralisacentrepoint–physicallyandhistorically–withacollectionofimportantbuildingslocatedatintervalsacrosstheConservationArea.Togetherwiththecharacteristictopographyandarchitecturalvariety,thesediversestreetscapeshaveahighaestheticvalue.

4.2.4 The19thcenturyisahighlyimportantchapterinNewport’shistory:theboomintrademeantaninfluxofmoneyandthisismanifestinthevarietyofbuildingstylesandtypesthroughouttheConservationArea.Theconcentrationofresidentialterraceswith

associatedpublicamenities(particularlychapelsandschools)isillustrativeofhowtheCityevolvedtoaccommodateagrowingpopulationattractedbytheincreasedemploymentopportunities,andalsocounterbalancesthetradeactivityonCommercialStreetneighbouringdirectlytotheeast.Inthisrespect,theStWoolosandCityCentreConservationAreasformanimportant pair.

4.2.5 Overall,thespecialinterestoftheStWoolosConservationAreaisdrawnfromitsimportanceastheearliestcentreofsettlementatNewport,thesteeply-slopingtopographyandtheviewsthispermits,andthebalanceofbuildingtypologieswhichisillustrativeof19th-centurydevelopments.Thisresultsinitsdistinctiveandhighlysignificantcharacter.

4.2 AUDIT OF HERITAGE ASSETS4.2.1 TheStWoolosConservationArea,aheritageassetinitsownright,containsnumerousindividualheritageassets.Theseincludebothlistedandunlistedbuildings.ThissectionoftheAppraisaloutlinestheheritageassetswithintheConservationArea,identifyingtheindividualorgroupsofheritageassetsandwhytheyareimportant.AfulllistofheritageassetsisincludedinAppendixA.

4.2.2 Theaudithasbeencarriedoutbymeansofvisualexaminationfrompublicthoroughfares,only.Theintentionistoidentifytheseheritageassets,nottoprovideafullycomprehensiveanddetailedassessmentofeachindividually.Itshouldnotbeassumedthattheomissionofanyinformationisintendedasanindicationthatafeatureofbuildingisnotimportant.AdetailedassessmentofsignificancespecifictoabuildingorsitewithintheConservationAreashouldalwaysbecarriedoutpriortoproposinganychange.

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4.2.3 Listed Buildings4.2.4 ListedBuildingsareprotectedunderthePlanning(ListedBuildingsandConservationAreas)Act1990andaredesignatedfortheirarchitecturalorhistoricinterest.AllListedBuildingsinWalesaredonesoattherecommendationofCadwanddetailsarekeptbytheRoyalWelshCommissionontheAncientandHistoricMonumentsofWales.ListingrangesfromGradeI(thehighestlevel),toGradeII*andthenGradeII(themostcommonlevel).

4.2.5 Statutorylistingdoesnotequatetoapreservationorderintendedtopreventchange.However,alterationstoListedBuildingsdorequireListedBuildingConsent,whichallowstheLocalAuthoritytomakedecisionsthathavebeeninformedbyanunderstandingofthebuildingorthesite’ssignificance.Importantly,nationalandlocalplanningpoliciesalsorecognisethatchangestootherbuildingsorsitesinthesettingofalistedbuildingcanaffectsitsspecialinterest.

4.2.6 Positive Contributors 4.2.7 Apositivecontributorisabuilding,structureorfeaturewhichbeneficiallyaddstotheoverallcharacterofitslocalarea.ThisistrueofmostbuildingswithinaConservationArea.Theextenttowhichabuildingwillpositivelycontributewilllargelydependontheintegrityofitshistoricformandisnotrestrictedtoitsprincipalelevation;forexample,roofscapesandside/rearelevationscanallmakeapositivecontribution.Modernbuildingscanalsomakeapositivecontributionwheretheyhavebeensensitivelydesignedtosuittheirsetting.

4.2.8 Criteriaforidentifyingpositivecontributorsinclude:

• Associationswithnotablearchitectsorotherhistoricalfigures;

• Positionandpresencewithinthestreetscape;

• Useofcharacteristicmaterials,architecturalmotifsordetailing;

• Relationshipwithneighbouringbuildings,physicalandhistorical;and

• Historical uses.

4.2.9 IntheStWoolosConservationArea,thereispotentialforsomeoftheidentifiedpositivecontributorstoimprovethecharacteroftheConservationAreafurtherstillfollowingrepairsandthesensitivereplacementofpoorly-considered modern interventions.

31

N

PLAN3:LISTEDBUILDINGSANDPOSITIVECONTRIBUTORS

St Woolos Conservation Area (Proposed2018Boundary)

ListedBuilding PositiveContributor/LocallyImportantBuilding

Important Green Space

This plan is not to scale

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4.3 ISSUES&OPPORTUNITIES4.3.1 Condition4.3.2 Generally,thebuildingsthroughouttheConservationAreaareingoodcondition.However,thereareseveralrelativelyminorbutrepeatissuesthataredamaging(orhavethepotential)tocausedamageandconsequentlydetractfromwhatmakestheConservationAreaspecial.

4.3.3 Vegetationgrowthisacommonissue,especiallyivyspreadingupexternalwallsandothervegetationatparapetlevel.Vegetationtypicallytakesrootinthesofterbuildingmaterials,ofteninthemortarusedforpointingorthestuccoandrendersthatarecommonplaceacrosstheConservationArea,andforcesitselfdeeperasitgrows,pushingbuildingmaterialsoutofpositionandthreatingtheintegrityoftheaffectedwall.

4.3.4 ExternalstainingisalsoevidentthroughouttheConservationArea,particularlyonmasonrywallswherethejointshavebeenre-pointedusinganinappropriatemortarorwherethemortarhasbeenappliedinthick‘ribbons’,affectingtheabilityofthestoneworktoexpelmoisture.Thisresultsinstainingandawhitecrustonthefaceofthestone,detractingfromtheprominentpennantstonewallswhichdominateStowHillandtheCathedralisland.

4.3.5 RailingsareacommonfeatureacrosstheConservationAreaandaregenerallyinafaircondition.However,thereareinstanceswheretherailingsrequiretreatmentandre-paintingsothattheironisprotectedagainstcorrosion.TherailingsaroundtheCathedral,inparticular,havebadlyflakingpaint,revealingtheredbaselayer.

Photograph 38: Ivy and other vegetation growth on the Cathedral walls

Photograph 39: High-level vegetation growth and external staining on Charles Street

Photograph 40: Ribbon pointing on the pennant stone wall on Stow Hill

Photograph 41: Flaking paint on the Cathedral railings

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4.0 APPRAISAL

4.3.6 Detracting Features 4.3.7 ThedetractingfeatureswithintheConservationAreaaregenerallyminorbut,addedalltogether,discerniblyimpactitscharacter.Theseinclude:

• Satellitedishesonprincipalelevations(oftenmultipledishesononebuildingwhereithasbeensub-dividedintomorethanoneresidence).Thesearevisuallyintrusiveanddetractfromthearchitecturalvalueoftheindividual/groupedelevation(s),aswellasthegeneralstreetscape.

• Rooflightsonprincipalelevations,whichdetractfromthearchitecturalvalueofthebuildings,aswellasthegeneralstreetscapeandroofscape.

• Missingchimneypotsandstacks,frequentlyremovedastheybecomeredundantwiththeinstallationofcentralheatingbutstillrequiremaintenance to remain structurally sound. ThetopographyaroundStWoolosmakeschimneystacksandtheirpotsespeciallyprominentasterracesstepup/downwiththegradientofthestreet,contributingtotheaestheticvalueofthestreetscapeandroofscape.

• Adhocalterationtoboundarytreatments,particularlymismatchedinfill;forexample,thebrickinfilleithersideofthegatepiersinfrontoftheHillStreetChapel.TheintegrityofboundarytreatmentsacrosstheConservationAreasurviveslargelyintact;consequently,anypoorly-consideredalterationisallthemoreobviousanderodesatthisintegrity.

• ReplacementuPVCwindowswhereinappropriateunitshavebeenfitted,detractingfromtheaestheticvalueoftheindividualbuildingandwiderstreetscape.Thethickerframes,falseglazingbarsanddifferentopeningmechanismsarethemaindetractingelementwherethesehavebeeninstalled.

Photograph 42: Poor-quality boundary treatment on Stow Hill

Photograph 43: Unsuitable brick infill on Hill Street

Photograph 45: Missing chimney pots on Hill Street

Photograph 46: Mismatched rooflights and satellite dishes on Stow Hill

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4.3.8 MunicipalfeaturesthroughouttheConservation Area also cumulatively detract fromitscharacter.Inparticular,thelandscapingassociatedwiththecarparks;forexample,thebarrieraroundtheHillStreetcarparkandconcretebollardsalongthestreetedgeoftheStowHillcarpark.ThesearevisuallyobtrusiveanddonotreflectthecharacteroftheConservation Area.

4.3.9 Opportunities for Enhancement 4.3.10 Thereareveryfewexamplesofpoor-qualitymoderndevelopmentorlarge-scaledeteriorationwithintheConservationAreaandopportunitiesforenhancementgenerallyaddresstheidentifiedissuesconcerningconditionanddetractingfeatures.

4.3.11 Thethreecarparkspresentanobviousopportunity:eitherimprovementstotheexistinglandscapeornewdevelopment.Theseareaswerehistoricallybuiltonandcouldpotentiallyaccommodatenewdevelopment,subjecttothesensitivedesignandscaleofanyproposals,adherencetotheLocalPlanandarchaeologicalassessment.

4.3.12 OutsidetheConservationArea,thereispotentialtoimproveitsimmediatesettingwiththereplacementoforimprovementstotheParkSquarecarpark,whichdominatesthesouth-westcorneroftheConservationAreaanddetractsfromitscharacter.

Photograph 47: Stow Hill car park, where the landscaping is plain and municipal

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5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.1 REVIEWINGTHEBOUNDARY5.1.1 TheStWoolosConservationAreaboundaryhasnotbeenreviewedsinceitsoriginaldesignationin1985.BestpracticeprescribesthatConservationAreaboundariesareoccasionallyreviewedtoensurethattheoriginalreasonsfordesignationarestillrelevantandevident.Itisrecognisedthatboundarieswerehistoricallydrawntootightlyorillogically,anditmaythereforebeappropriatetoamendthem.Areviewoftheboundary,aswellasanyaccompanyingguidanceandassessments,shouldgenerallytakeplaceeveryfiveyearsorinresponsetoanotablechange,includinganychangesinpolicyorlegislation.

5.1.2 Theproposedamendmentstotheboundaryin2018are:

A ThetransferofaportionoftheCityCentreConservationAreaatthenorthendofStowHillintotheStWoolosConservationArea Reason: Stow Hill has a unified character along most of its length and this section better reflects the character of the St Woolos Conservation Area than the City Centre.

B TheadditionofthesectionofStowHillbetweenAreaAandthepreviousnorthernboundary(includingHavelockStreetandCharlesStreet). Reason: To recognise that these streets continue the character of the St Woolos Conservation Area and contain significant historic buildings.

C TheadditionoftheformerMountZionChapelandhousesbehind. Reason: To recognise the value of the Hill Street chapels as a pair, the historic value of the buildings, and the similarity in character between the terraced houses and those on the north side of Park Square.

D Theadditionof1and2PalmyraPlace Reason: To recognise that these buildings continue the character of Park Square and are significant historic buildings.

E TheomissionoftheeastsideofCliftonPlace. Reason: Because these buildings have no special interest and do not reflect the character of the Conservation Area.

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N

PLAN4:BOUNDARYAMENDMENTS2018

PreviousStWoolosConservationAreaBoundary ProposedBoundaryAmendmentin2018 AreatobeaddedtotheStWoolosConservationArea AreatoberemovedfromtheCityCentreConservationAreaandincludedintheStWoolosConservationArea

AreatoberemovedfromtheStWoolosConservationAreaThis plan is not to scale

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5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.2 CONTROLMEASURESBROUGHTABOUTBYCONSERVATIONAREADESIGNATION5.2.1 InordertoprotectandenhancetheConservationArea,anychangesthattakeplacemustconservethecharacterandspecialinterestthatmakestheseareassignificant.Worksmayrequireplanningpermissionand/orConservation Area Consent. Statutory control measures are intended to prevent development thatmayhaveanegativeorcumulativeeffectonthissignificance.Thenecessarypermissionsmayneedtobesoughtforthefollowingworks:

• Thetotalorsubstantialdemolitionofbuildingsorstructures(includingwalls,gatepiersandchimneys);

• Workstotreeswithadiameterof75mmorgreater,measuredat1.5mfromsoillevel;

• Puttingupadvertisementsandothercommercialsignage;and

• Changingtheuseofabuilding(e.g.fromresidentialtocommercial).

5.2.2 Theextentofpermitteddevelopment(i.e.changesthatareallowedwithoutrequiringconsentfromtheLocalAuthority)mayalsoberestricted;forexample,replacementwindows,alterationstocladdingortheinstallationofsatellitedishes.AdditionalcontrolmaybesoughtthroughArticle4Directions,whichspecificallyrevokepermitteddevelopmentrights.

5.2.3 GuidanceconcerningwhichpermissionisrequiredforproposedworkissetoutbyPlanningPolicyWalesinTechnicalAdviceNote24:TheHistoricEnvironment,(May2017;seeFurtherInformation).

5.3 CONSERVATION&DESIGNGUIDANCE5.3.1 ItisnottheintentionofConservationAreadesignationtopreventnewdesignanddevelopment;rather,itputsinplaceaprocesswherebyanyproposalsaremorethoroughlyinterrogatedtoensurethatthespecialinterestandcharacteroftheareaisprotected,andthatanyopportunitiestoenhancethisaretaken.TheprinciplesofnewdesignwithintheStWoolos Conservation Area apply across a wide spectrum:fromminorshopfrontdetailstolargescalenewdevelopment.

5.3.2 Shopfronts5.3.3 StWoolosisnotnotablycommercialincharacter;however,therearepocketsofshopsconcentratedatthesouthendofStowHillandonCharlesStreetandill-informedchangewillaffectthespecialinterestoftheConservationArea.

5.3.4 Inthefuture,NewportCityCouncilmaywishtocreateshopfrontdesignguidance,whichwillsetoutappropriateapproachestorenewingandrepairingtheCity’shistoricretailunitssothattheyenhancethehistoriccharacteroftheSt Woolos.

5.3.5 Considerationshouldbegiventothefollowingkeypoints:

• Ashopfrontispartofawholebuilding,notaseparateentity.Itsdesignthereforeneedstoreflectthestyle,proportionsanddetailingoftherestofthebuilding,particularlytheelevationsaboveandtothesides.

• Lateralexpansionofashopfront(i.e.acrosstwoormoregroundfloorunits)shouldstillgiveconsiderationoftheabove;theshopfrontstyleoftheoriginalunitmaynotsuitthearchitectureandcharacteroftheadjoiningbuilding.

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5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.3.6 New Development5.3.7 Thethreecarparkspotentiallyofferlocationsfornewdevelopment,theopportunityforwhichislimitedelsewherewithintheConservationArea.Anynewdesignneedstotakeaccountofthefollowing:

• Thesignificanceofanybuildingorfeatureproposedtoberemoved;

• ThepotentialimpactofthenewdesignonthesettingofanyneighbouringListedBuildingsoridentifiedpositivecontributors;

• Howlocaldetailsandmaterialscanbeincorporated;

• Thepotentialimpactonanysurvivinghistoricplot(orpotentialtoreinstatelostplots);and

• Whetheranysignificantbutfrequentlyoverlookedfeaturessuchasimportantrearelevations,paintedadvertisementsorchimneystackswillbelostorobscuredfromview.

5.3.8 Thislistisnotexhaustive:everylocation will present its own unique requirementsforasensitiveandappropriatenewdesign.Theprincipalaimshouldbetopreserveandenhancethehistoriccharacterofthebuilding(s)affected,theirsettingandthewiderarea.Honestly-moderndesignsofthehighestqualitymaybeacceptable.

• Anyhistoricshopfrontfeaturesthatsurviveshouldbekeptandincorporatedintoanyproposednewscheme,ratherthanreplaced.Theshopfrontshouldsitflushwithorslightlyrecessedfromthemainelevationofthebuilding.Arecesseddoorwayisoftenhistoricallyappropriate.

• Traditionalmaterialssuchaspaintedtimberwillbestenhancethehistoriccharacterofthebuildings.

• Fasciasshouldbeinproportionwiththebuildingandnotoverly-large;thesameisapplicabletosignage.Fasciasshouldnotextendabovecornicelevel(or,wherethereisnosuchfeature,nohigherthanthesillofthewindowabove),orbeyondtheconsolesoneitherside.

• Floortoceilingglazingwithsheetglassisamodernfeatureanddoesnotreflectthecharacterofhistoricbuildings.Smallerwindowswithstallrisers(i.e.aplinthunderthewindow),transomsandmullionsaretypicaltraditionalfeatures.

• Traditionalswing-signsareoftenappropriate,subjecttosizeanddesign.

• Illuminatedsignageshouldnotintrudeuponthestreetscapeorbeoverly-dominant.Internally-litfeaturesinparticularshouldbeavoidedinfavourofback-lighting.

• Thecolourpaletteofashopfrontanditssignageshouldreflectthetraditional,historiccharacterofthestreetscape.

• Traditionalawningsmaybeappropriate,subjecttodesign;however,flagsandothersuchfeaturesarenot.

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5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

• Repairsusingappropriatematerialsandtechniquesarealwayspreferableoverthewholescalereplacementofahistoricfeature.

• Whereahistoricfeaturehasdegradedbeyondrepair,replacementshouldbecarriedoutonalike-for-likebasis.

• Whereseekingtoimprovefailingmodernfeatures,atraditionally-designedalternativeusingappropriatematerialsispreferable.Forexample,thereplacementofuPVCguttersanddownpipeswithlead,castironorcoatedaluminiumalternativesthatbetterreflectthetraditionalcharacterofthehistoricbuildings.

• Cement-basedpointingisdamagingtobrickworkandstonework,causingspalling(wherethesurfaceofthebrickorstone‘popsoff’,leavingtheunfinishedinsideexposed)andmoistureproblems.Repairsshouldalwaysbecarriedoutusingalime-basedmortarandafterrakingoutallthecementitiousmaterial.Thiswillensurethelongevityofthebrickwork/masonry.

• Dueconsiderationshouldbegiventohowlong-lastingarepairwillbeandwhatmaintenancewillberequiredtomaximiseitslifespan.

• Reversibilityisanimportantconsiderationasbetteralternativesmaybecomeavailableinthefuture.

• Regulargutteranddownpipeclearingshouldtakeplacetopreventblockagesandvegetationgrowth.

• Whereworkisproposedtooneaddresswithinanidentifiedarchitecturalgroup,dueconsiderationmustbegiventotheimpacttheproposedworkwillhaveonthegroup.Forexample,thearchitecturalvalueofthegroupwillbebestretainedifrepaintingiscarriedouttothewholeelevation,notjustone address.

5.3.9 Public Realm5.3.10 Publicrealmfeatures(bins,bollards,seating,planters,etc.)oftentendtobecomedatedinappearancequickly,sometimesduetoheavywearoranti-socialbehaviour,butalsoasaresultofpoordesignandshort-livedtrends.

5.3.11 Successfulpublicrealmschemesarecontextual,usinghigh-qualitymaterialsthatechothecharacterofthewiderarea,andcanbeeithertraditionalorhonestly-modernintheirdesign.Anyadditionsoramendmentstothepublicrealmwillalsoneedtotakeaccountofhighwaysandotherrelevantregulations.

5.3.12 PublicengagementwiththehistoryandsignificanceofStWoolosCathedralandStowHillisalreadyencouragedthroughtheartworksthathavebeeninstalledaspartoftheChARTismontheHillproject.

5.3.13 Repairs & Maintenance5.3.14 Repairsandmaintenanceareinevitablewithanybuildingorsite,regardlessofage;however,withinaConservationArea,itisespeciallyimportantthatthisiscarriedoutsensitivelytoprotectthehistoricfabricofitsbuildingsandrespecttheestablishedcharacterofthewiderarea.

5.3.15 Maintenancediffersfromrepairinthatitisapre-planned,regularactivityintendedtoreducetheinstanceswhereremedialorunforeseenworkisneeded.Thehigherthelevelsofmaintenance,thelessneedtocarryout repairs.

5.3.16 Keypointstorememberwhenlookingtocarriedoutrepairormaintenanceworkare:Amethodofrepairthatwassuitableforonebuildingmaynotbesuitableforanother.Repairsshouldalwaysbeconsideredonacase-by-casebasis.

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5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.3.17 CadwhavepublishedarangeofguidancedocumentsonmanagingchangetoConservationAreasandListedBuildings,includingitsoverarchingpoliciesforthehistoricenvironmentsetoutinConservationPrinciples,(2011).AselectionofthesearelistedintheFurtherInformationsection.

Understanding ‘Like-For-Like’Atermfrequentlyusedinconservationis‘like-for-like’replacementorrepair.Thisisfrequently–andmistakenly–takentomeanthatamodernalternativethatgenerallyechoesthestyleoftheelementremovedisacceptable.However,thisisnotaccurateoracceptable.Like-for-likeshouldalwaysbeinterpretedasanalternativethatmatchesthehistoricelementremovedintermsofitsmaterial,dimensions,methodofconstruction,finish,meansofinstallationandanyotherfeaturespecifictotheoriginalelement,suchthatthemodernreplacementishardlydiscerniblefromtheoriginal(acceptingthatitsconditionwillbegreatlyimprovedwheretheoriginalhasfailedbeyondrepair).

Forexample,modernuPVCwindowsinimitationofVictorian-stylesashwindowsbutwithfalseglazingbarsandtop-hungcasementopeningmechanismdonotconstitutealike-for-likereplacementforthetraditionaltimber-framedVictorianslidingsashwindows,althoughtheyappeartolooksimilar stylistically.

Managing Trees in a Conservation AreaWorktotreeswithintheStWoolosConservationAreawithadiameterof75mmorgreater,measuredat1.5mfromsoillevelrequirespermissionfromNewportCityCouncil.ThisistoprotectthesignificantcontributiontheymaketothecharacterandspecialinterestoftheConservationArea.Workrequiringconsentincludes(butisnotlimitedto)toppingtomanagethegrowthofatreeandtheremovalofoverhangingbrancheswherethesearecausingdamagetobuildings(orhavethepotentialtocausedamage).

TheWelshGovernmentprovidesguidanceonthemanagementofprotectedtrees(seeFurtherInformation),butthoseresponsiblefortreesintheStWoolosConservationAreashouldcontactNewportCityCouncilbeforecarryingoutanywork.

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5.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN

5. Newport City Council will explore the potential benefits of putting in place an Article 4 Direction for the installation of new satellite dishes and rooflights.Reason: To protect the character of the Conservation Area’s streetscapes and the aesthetic value of its buildings.

6. New public realm features and schemes should be high-quality and contextual.Reason: To enhance the character of the Conservation Area and its important public spaces.

7. Due consideration should be given to the archaeological potential wherever below-ground intervention is proposed.Reason: In line with the requirements of the identified Archaeologically Sensitive Area.

8. Development within the setting of the Conservation Area which harms its character should be resisted. Development which positively contributes to the setting of the Conservation Area will be encouraged.Reason: To protect and enhance the Conservation Area in line with Government policy.

5.4 AIMS&OBJECTIVES5.4.1 ThefollowingaimsandobjectivesrespondtotheidentifiedissuesandopportunitieswithintheStWoolosConservationAreaandwillbegivenmaterialconsiderationagainstanyproposalsputforwardthatmayaffectitsspecialinterestandcharacter.

5.4.2 Thelong-termvisionfortheConservationAreaistoencouragehigh-qualityalterationsothattheimportanceofeachbuilding,andthatofthewholeConservationArea,isrevealedmoreclearlyandprotectedforthefuture.

1. Any new design, intervention or repair should be of the highest quality, regardless of scale, as per the guidance set out in section 5.3 of this Management Plan.Reason: To protect the character of the Conservation Area.

2. Buildings, features and spaces identified as making a positive contribution to the Conservation Area will be afforded protection against harmful change. Reason: To protect the character of the Conservation Area as a whole and the significance of its individual heritage assets, in line with Government policy.

3. The removal and prevention of vegetation growth from buildings and walls is encouraged.Reason: To improve the aesthetic value of the streetscapes and protect the condition of the built environment.

4. Traditional shopfronts will be encouraged where change is proposed to retail units. Reason: To respect the historic character of the Conservation Area.

4242

FURTHER INFORMATION

Cadw GuidanceConservationPrinciplesfortheSustainableManagementoftheHistoricEnvironmentinWales,(2011),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/Conservation_Principles_EN.pdf

ManagingChangetoListedBuildingsinWales,(2017),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/historicenvironment/20170531Managing%20Change%20to%20Listed%20Buildings%20in%20Wales%2024303%20EN.pdf

TechnicalGuidance(naturalslate;patchinglimerender;replacingsashcords;repointinginlime;stonetiles;windowglass),http://cadw.gov.wales/historicenvironment/publications/technicalguidance/?lang=en

ManagingConservationAreasinWales,(May2017),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/historicenvironment/20170531Managing%20Conservation%20Areas%20in%20Wales%2028424%20EN.pdf

ManagingHistoricCharacterinWales,(May2017),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/historicenvironment/20170531Managing%20Historic%20Character%20in%20Wales%2031145%20EN.pdf

ManagingListedBuildingsatRiskinWales,(May2017),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/historicenvironment/20170531Managing%20Listed%20Buildings%20at%20Risk%20in%20Wales%2031144%20EN.pdf

SettingofHistoricAssetsinWales,(May2017),http://cadw.gov.wales/docs/cadw/publications/historicenvironment/20170531Setting%20of%20Historic%20Assets%20in%20Wales%2026918%20EN.

Newport City CouncilArchaeology&ArchaeologicallySensitiveAreas,(August2015),http://www.newport.gov.uk/documents/Planning-Documents/Supplementary-Planning-Guidance/Archaeology-SPG---August-Adoption-Version.pdf

LocalDevelopmentPlan2011-2026-http://www.newport.gov.uk/documents/Planning-Documents/LDP-2011-2026/LDP-Adopted-Plan-January-2015.pdf

SupplementaryPlanningGuidance;SecurityMeasuresforShopfrontsandCommercialPremises,(August2015),http://www.newport.gov.uk/documents/Planning-Documents/Supplementary-Planning-Guidance/Security-Measures-and-Shop-Fronts-SPG-Aug-2015.pdf

Welsh GovernmentPlanningPolicyWales,Chapter6TheHistoricEnvironment-http://gov.wales/docs/desh/publications/161117ppw-chapter-6-en.pdf

PlanningPolicyWales,TechnicalAdviceNote24:TheHistoricEnvironment,(May2017),http://gov.wales/docs/desh/policy/170531tan-24-thehistoric-environment-en.pdf

ProtectedTrees–AGuidetoTreePreservationProcedures,(November2013),http://gov.wales/docs/desh/publications/131115protected-trees-guide-en.pdf

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FURTHER INFORMATION

Other SourcesArchwilio,TheHistoricEnvironmentRecordsofWales,https://www.archwilio.org.uk/arch/HistoricWales,http://historicwales.gov.uk/#zoom=0&lat=300000&lon=258000&layers=BFFFFFTFFTTT

HistoricWales,http://historicwales.gov.uk/#zoom=0&lat=300000&lon=258000&layers=BFFFFFTFFTTT

RoyalCommissionontheAncientandHistoricalMonumentsofWales,https://rcahmw.gov.uk/discover/historic-wales/

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ARCHITECTURAL GLOSSARY

Canted Bay:Asectionofbuildingwhichprotrudeswithangledsides,usuallythree.

Classical:AnarchitecturalstylederivedfromthearchitectureofAncientGreeceandRome,characterisedbybalancedproportionsandsymmetry.

Cornice:Adecorativehorizontalmouldingalongawallorelevation.

Elevation:Anexternalsideofabuilding.

Fascia: Aboardorsignacrossthetopofashopfront.

Gable:Thetriangularupperpartofawall,underapitchedroof.

Gothic Revival:A19th-centuryarchitecturalstyleinspiredbymedievalGothicbuildings.

Hipped Roof: Whereallfoursidesofaroofslopedowntothemeetthewalls(formingashallowpyramidshape).

Ionic:Atypeofclassicaldetailing,characteristicallywithscrolls.

Lintel:Ahorizontalsupportacrossthetoporbottomofanopening(e.g.windowordoor).

Pediment: Atriangularfeatureoverdoorsorwindows,characteristicofclassicaldesign.

Pinnacle:Apointedcornerfeature.

Polite: Astyleofarchitecturethathasbeenpurposelydesignedtolookaestheticallypleasant.

Rustication:Anexaggeratedarchitecturaleffecttomakethegroundfloorofabuildingappearfortifiedandstrong,typicallyusedinclassicaldesigns.

Stallriser:Asolidplinthatthebaseofashopfrontwindow.

Stucco: Afinetypeofexternalrender.

Trefoil Arch:AtypeofGothicarchwithaclover-shapedpointatthetop.

4545

CONTACT DETAILS

Newport City Council, Planning TeamRegeneration,Investment&HousingCivic CentreNewportNP20 4UR

E: planning@newport.gov.ukT: 01633 656656W: http://www.newport.gov.uk/en/Planning-Housing/Planning/Planning.aspx

CadwWelshGovernmentPlas CarewUnit5/7CefnCoedParcNantgarwCardiffCF157QQ

E: cadw@wales.gsi.gov.ukT: 0300 0256000W: http://cadw.gov.wales/?lang=en

Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological TrustHeathfieldHouseHeathfieldSwanseaSA1 6EL

E: enquiries@ggat.org.uk T: 01792 655208W: http://www.ggat.org.uk/

Victorian Society1 Priory GardensLondonW4 1TT

E: admin@victoriansociety.org.ukT: 020 8994 1019W: http://www.victoriansociety.org.uk/(NB: All case work is managed from London).

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APPENDIX A: LIST OF HERITAGE ASSETS

Address StatusCLIFTON PLACE1CliftonPlace PositiveContributor

2CliftonPlace Grade II Listed

3CliftonPlace Grade II Listed

4CliftonPlace Grade II Listed

5CliftonPlace Grade II Listed

6CliftonPlace Grade II Listed

7&8CliftonPlace Grade II Listed

9&10CliftonPlace PositiveContributor

11&12CliftonPlace PositiveContributor

13&14CliftonPlace PositiveContributor

15-18CliftonPlace PositiveContributor

CLIFTON ROADLetterbox,StowHill,1CliftonRoad Grade II Listed

1-3CliftonRoad PositiveContributor

5-11CliftonRoad PositiveContributor

12CliftonRoad PositiveContributor

CHARLES STREET7-9CharlesStreet PositiveContributor

10CharlesStreet PositiveContributor

CommunityEducationCentre,includingrailingsandgates,16StCharlesStreet

Grade II Listed

17-19CharlesStreet PositiveContributor

20&21CharlesStreet PositiveContributor

30CharlesStreet PositiveContributor

31-33CharlesStreet PositiveContributor

34CharlesStreet PositiveContributor

HAVELOCK STREETHavelockStreetChapelandattachedHall Grade II Listed

47

APPENDIX A: LIST OF HERITAGE ASSETS

Address StatusHILL STREET13 Hill Street Grade II Listed

14 Hill Street Grade II Listed

MountZionChapel,HillStreet PositiveContributor

PALMYRA PLACE1&2PalmyraPlace PositiveContributor

PARK SQUARE1&1AParkSquare PositiveContributor

2&3ParkSquare PositiveContributor

4ParkSquare PositiveContributor

5&6ParkSquare PositiveContributor

7&8ParkSquare PositiveContributor

9&10ParkSquare Grade II Listed

11ParkSquare Grade II Listed

12&13ParkSquare PositiveContributor

15-17ParkSquare PositiveContributor

ElectricityTransformer,ParkSquare Grade II Listed

STOW HILL4-6KingshillCourt,StowHill PositiveContributor

7-9KingshillCourt,StowHill PositiveContributor

10-12KingshillCourt,StowHill PositiveContributor

14KingshillCourt,StowHill PositiveContributor

25 Stow Hill Grade II Listed

27 Stow Hill Grade II Listed

29 Stow Hill Grade II Listed

31StowHill,includingforecourtwalls,gatepiersandrailings

Grade II Listed

35 Stow Hill Grade II Listed

37 Stow Hill Grade II Listed

48

APPENDIX A: LIST OF HERITAGE ASSETS

Address Status39-46StowHill PositiveContributor

49 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

51 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

53 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

55 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

56 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

57 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

58 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

59 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

61,63and65StowHillincludingrearbuilding PositiveContributor

64-72StowHill PositiveContributor

82 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

84 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

86 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

88 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

90&92StowHill PositiveContributor

91 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

93StowHillincludingattachedwalltoStowHill Grade II Listed

95 Stow Hill Grade II Listed

97 Stow Hill Grade II Listed

99 Stow Hill Grade II Listed

101 Stow Hill Grade II Listed

103&103AStowHill Grade II Listed

Deanery,105StowHill Grade II Listed

107StowHilland1-4SevernTerrace PositiveContributor

108 Stow Hill Grade II Listed

113-117StowHill PositiveContributor

116&116AStowHill PositiveContributor

119 Stow Hill PositiveContributor

CathedralChambers(part),StowHill PositiveContributor

DrinkingFountainwestofStWoolosCathedral Grade II Listed

Kingshill,StowHill Grade II Listed

49

APPENDIX A: LIST OF HERITAGE ASSETS

Address StatusLychgatetoStWoolosCathedral Grade II Listed

RedLionPublicHouse,StowHill PositiveContributor

StWoolosCathedral,StowHill Grade I Listed

StWoolosPrimarySchool,includingwallandrailings Grade II Listed

TheChurchHousePublicHouse,StowHill PositiveContributor

VictoriaAlmshouses,StowHill Grade II Listed

VICARAGE HILL1&3VicarageHill PositiveContributor

VICTORIA PLACE7-12VictoriaPlace,includingarearailings Grade II Listed

1-6VictoriaPlace,includingarearailings Grade II Listed

13 Victoria Place Grade II Listed

14VictoriaPlace,includingattachedrailings Grade II Listed

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