Understand human embryo process, abnormality, and prevention techniquesLangmans Medical Embryology, T.W. Sadler, 1997Embryology Atlas, Ulrich Drews, 1996Journals

EMBRYOLOGYEMBRYO = embrioLOGOS = ilmuPeriod :1. Embriogenesis (organogenesis)2. Fetogenesis

Removal of adherent seminal plasma proteinsReorganization of plasma membrane lipids and proteinsInflux of extracellular calciumIncrease in cyclic AMPDecrease in intracellular pH

Leon Speroff and Frits marc A. Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility. Ed. VII TH. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Philadelphia (2005) p : 1013 - 1056UMUR WANITA DAN MASA REPRODUKSI% Fertilitas maksimumTingkat Keguguran (%)1008060402005040302010020-2425-2930-3435-3940-44% Fertilitas maksimum Tingkat keguguran (%)

1. Central & perifer nervous system2. Epitel of ear, nose, and eyes3.Epidermis : hair & nail4.Mamae gland, Hipofise, dan sub cutis gland5.Enamel

1. Fibrous tissue, cartilage, bone2. Striated mucle, smooth muscle3.Cor, vascular, lymp node & Limfosit4.Ren, reproductive accesori gland & duct 6.Lien7.Cortec of supra renal gland

1. Epithel digestive2. thymus, liver, pankreas3.Vesica urinary, urethra4.Epithel cavum thympani 6.Tuba eustachius

15% genetic factor10% environmental factor25% genetic & environmental factors50% unknown

1. Infection2. Radiation3. Chemicals, hormone4. Mothers diseases5. Environmental agents

- Prevention : Imunisation- Korioretinitis, ensefalitis, brain calcification, hidrosefalus, mikrosefali, heart malformation, dental abnormality- Abortion, IUFD

- Central paralysis- Mikrosefali- Hidrosefalus- Hepatosplenomegali

- Herpes Genital during Partus- Brain injury, mental retardation- Prevention: Operasi Caesar

- Brain development problems- Heart and urinary problems

Growth development abnormality Mikrosefali Spontan abortion

- Spontan abortion, IUFD- Cardivaskuler abnormality- Specific face

- Hidrosefalus- Korioretinitis- Hepatosplenomegali- Mental retardation

Steroid Androgen : FEMALE MasculinisationAnti Androgen : MALE Feminization

Mental retardation, low birth weightHeavy smoker, hipoxia, low birth weight

1. LEVEL OF EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT : Predifferentiation : all, fatal Effective differentiation: multiple abnormality Janin : insensitive2. GENOTIP 3. TERATOGEN POTENSIALGenetic stability

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