Operations - EGAT
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12 Generation System In 2012, EGAT power plants had an installed generating capacity of 15,010.13 MW or 46.04 percent of the country’s gross energy generation. The purchased power capacity included 12,741.69 MW from domestic independent power producers (IPPs) representing 39.08 percent of the country’s total generating capacity, 2,444.60 MW or 7.50 percent from small power producers (SPPs), and 2,404.60 MW or 7.38 percent from neighboring countries. Apart from the new capacity of 12.00 MW of the downstream hydropower plant of Chao Phya Dam Units 1 and 2, there was no new large power plant added to the power system. For energy purchase, more energy was purchased from Theun Hinboun Expansion Hydroelectric Power Plant Unit 3, GHECO-One Co. Ltd., and small power producers with fixed power supply. Energy Generation and Purchase In 2012, the peak power demand topped 26,121.10 MW on April 26, 2512 which was 2,220.89 MW or 9.29 percent higher than the previous year. The net energy in 2012 was 173,250.28 million units which was 14,379.79 million units or 9.05 percent higher than the preceding year. The energy of 77,502.85 million units or 44.73 percent of the country’s energy demand was from the EGAT power plants, whereas the energy of 95,747.43 million units or 55.27 percent was purchased from independent power producers and from neighboring countries. Fuel Utilization In 2012, natural gas remained a major source of fuel in electricity generation which could generate the net energy of 117,057.63 million units or 67.56 percent of the country’s net energy. Second in priority was lignite coal which could generate the net energy of 32,533.25 million units or 18.78 percent. Hydropower power plants could generate the net energy of 8,436.21 million units or 4.87 percent with addition of the imported power of 10,516.54 million units or 6.07 percent. The energy generated by fuel oil and diesel was 2,067.71 million units or 1.20 percent. The energy generated by biomass and renewable energy was 2,638.94 million units or 1.52 percent of the net energy. Operations System Installed Capacity Energy Sources for Electricity Generation
Transcript of Operations - EGAT
12
Generation System In 2012, EGAT power plants had an installed generating capacity of 15,010.13 MW or 46.04 percent of the country’s gross energy generation. The purchased power capacity included 12,741.69 MW from domestic independent power producers (IPPs) representing 39.08 percent of the country’s total generating capacity, 2,444.60 MW or 7.50 percent from small power producers (SPPs), and 2,404.60 MW or 7.38 percent from neighboring countries.
Apart from the new capacity of 12.00 MW of the downstream hydropower plant of Chao Phya Dam Units 1 and 2, there was no new large power plant added to the power system. For energy purchase, more energy was purchased from Theun Hinboun Expansion Hydroelectric Power Plant Unit 3, GHECO-One Co. Ltd., and small power producers with fixed power supply.
Energy Generation and Purchase In 2012, the peak power demand topped 26,121.10 MW on April 26, 2512 which was 2,220.89 MW or 9.29 percent higher than the previous year.
The net energy in 2012 was 173,250.28 million units which was 14,379.79 million units or 9.05 percent higher than the preceding year. The energy of 77,502.85 million units or 44.73 percent of the country’s energy demand was from the EGAT power plants, whereas the energy of 95,747.43 million units or 55.27 percent was purchased from independent power producers and from neighboring countries.
Fuel Utilization In 2012, natural gas remained a major source of fuel in electricity generation which could generate the net energy of 117,057.63 million units or 67.56 percent of the country’s net energy. Second in priority was lignite coal which could generate the net energy of 32,533.25 million units or 18.78 percent. Hydropower power plants could generate the net energy of 8,436.21 million units or 4.87 percent with addition of the imported power of 10,516.54 million units or 6.07 percent. The energy generated by fuel oil and diesel was 2,067.71 million units or 1.20 percent. The energy generated by biomass and renewable energy was 2,638.94 million units or 1.52 percent of the net energy.
Operations
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Gas consumption during 2008-2012 had a tendency to increase except in the year of 2011 when the great flood incident occurred. However, the average price of gas during 2008-2012 had continued to increase owing to the import of liquefied natural gas (LNG) which had a higher price per unit since the mid of 2011.
Energy Sales EGAT sold a total of 169,375.89 million kWh of electric energy out of which 49,991.71 million kWh to the Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA) and 116,031.38 million kWh to the Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) which were the main customers. The total of 3,228.32 million kWh electric energy was sold to direct customers and the neighboring countries (Lao PDR, Malaysia, and Cambodia). The rest of 119.81 million kWh was sold to other minor customers.
Energy Adjustment Charge (Ft tariff) In the year 2012, the fuel price increased from the year 2011. Natural gas price, the 70 percent of fuel share for power generation, increased 48 Baht/million BTU or 19 percent (from the average of 252 Baht/ million BTU to 300 Baht/ million BTU), resulting in the increase of power generation cost despite the attempt of the EGAT generation management to reduce the cost. As a result, the Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) allowed the F
t Tariff to be increased gradually, not
yet fully covering the actual cost, in order to alleviate the cost of living of the people and the manufacturing sector’s flood impacts in late 2011. Therefore, EGAT had to temporarily shoulder the accrued F
t revenue of
approximately 6,978 million Baht.
In 2012, the Ft Tariff was revised 3 times as follows:
Revision
(Baht/Unit) (Baht/Unit)
3 September-December 0.48 3.72
14
Type of power plant Installed Capacity (MW) Percentage of the System Capacity
Hydropower 3,435.74 10.54
Thermal 4,699.00 14.41
2 GWEAF (%) 91.32 90.72 92.75 90.54
3 POF (%) 4.23 5.48 3.39 5.00
4 UOF (%) 3.19 2.46 2.58 2.84
EGAT Generation Facilities
EGAT’s power plant performance was as follows:
In 2012, the overall performance of EGAT’s generating power plants fared better than the prior year both in terms of heat rate and availability factor. The generating weighted equivalent availability factor (GWEAF) of all power plants of EGAT amounted 2.2 percent lower than the preceding year due to the great flood during October-November 2011 resulting in the adjustment of the plan on some maintenance work to 2012. The planned outage factor (POF) in 2012, when compared with the year 2011, was found to be increased, whereas the unplanned outage factor (UOF) was slightly increased. However, EGAT could control the rate of UOF to be less than 3 percent.
Transmission System In 2012, EGAT pursued its plan in transmission system development covering improvement, maintenance, and extension of the transmission system as well as the transmission facilities to increase the capability and stability in the power supply system. Major transmission system projects completed during the year included 2 circuits of 500 KV Pluak Daeng-Wang Noi transmission line system and one circuit of 230 KV Nawanakorn-Wang Noi transmission line system.
Moreover, the KT1A, KT2A, and KT3A transformers of the 300 MVA capacity were installed at Nawanakorn Substation, whereas KT4A transformer of the capacity of 200 MVA was installed at Pluak Daeng Substation, and KT4A transformer of the capacity of 200 MVA was installed at Prachin Buri Substation. The new substations added to the transmission system were Mae Moh 4, Navanakorn, and Nakhon Phanom 2.
In 2012, EGAT’s transmission system network comprised 31,556.46 circuit-kilometers of transmission lines with 212 substations, 546 delivery points, and a total transformer capacity of 86,730.19 MVA.
Throughout the year, EGAT’s transmission system managed to address the problems and critical situation such as the delay in the plan or other constraints with satisfactory result.
In 2012, forced outages occurred 73 times, out of which 14 times were caused by failure of the transmission lines and 59 times from the substation equipment. The interruption was mainly caused by malfunction of substation
15Long-lasting friendship...Sustainable energy
equipment (26 times), by animals (24 times), by human errors, either staff or outside people (7 times), by environment (6 times), by weather (3 times), and by unidentifiable reasons (7 times).
Among the forced outages, important events which worth mentioning were as follows:
• On May 13, 2012 at 16.09 hours, a forced outage occurred in a wide area including Sakon Nakhon 1 Substation, That Phanom Substation, Nakhon Phanom Substation, Mukdahan Substations 1 and 2, and Substations of Electricité du Laos (Ta Khaek, Pak Bo). This interrupted power supply of 94.3 MW to PEA for 9 minutes and of 108.5 MW to Ta Khaek and Pak Bo substations for 2 minutes.
• On May 22, 2012 at 15.56 hours, a partial blackout occurred in the lower southern part of Thailand covering Songkhla, Yala, Pattani, Narathiwat, and Satun provinces. The partial blackout of 641.4 MW lasted 26 minutes.
In 2012, EGAT’s bulk power supply system reliability performance was as follows:
• System interruption severity (SISI) - System-minutes (MW-minutes/MW) 1.97607
• System average interruption frequency index (SAIFI), 0.30306 number of occurrence/delivery point
• System average interruption duration index (SAIDI), minutes/delivery point 6.79035
The availability of the transmission system in 2012 was as follows:
• System availability (SA) (%) 99.9987
• Transmission circuit availability (%) 99.99073
• Transformer availability (%) 99.52174
The quality of the power supply service has been well maintained with frequency being controlled within the band of 49.50-50.50 Hz and system voltage being steadily controlled within the range of 95-105 percent of nominal voltage.
To ensure the availability and continuity of the supply service, EGAT has given top priority to the improvement and maintenance of existing transmission facilities. Work carried out during the year included insulator cleaning for the 500 kV transmission lines in the area highly exposed to dirt, pollution, smoke, and waste from birds; drills and exercises of emergency preparedness and black start restoration plan; analytical review of the power supply system to properly prepare transmission maintenance and development plan; planning power dispatch in line with transmission constraints and system requirements; implementing preventive measures to minimize interruption of supply caused by human errors and equipment malfunctions caused by animals; and public communication program to reduce losses and damages to transmission facilities caused by community activities and address concern and complaints of all stakeholders with regards to power transmission. With this, EGAT has successfully maintained its high quality in electricity supply with continuity, stability, and reliability.
Most of EGAT's CSR projects have originated from EGAT’s concern on social problems and its intention to take part in remedying or in encouraging the society to participate in the problem solving. The Ban Khlong Rua Micro-Hydropower Plant Project in Pak Song Sub-district in Phato District of Chumphon Province was constructed by the collaboration of EGAT and Ban khlong Rua community to generate electricity owing to the remote location of the community which is a watershed area where electricity could not reach. The construction of the power plant was completed in 2012 and could supply electricity to 81 households. This hydropower plant can be regarded as a successful model of community power plant which has been originated from the real need of the community, managed by and for the benefit of the community while taking into account the way of life of the people and the environmental conservation. The Biological Way of Life for Sustainable Development Program has been implemented by EGAT since 1999 to promote natural agriculture and self-reliance approach. The “Wan Kaew” Project, launched in 2003, focuses on accepting donated spectacle frames and lens and dispatching the mobile optometry units to provide free eye tests and eyeglasses across the country.
Long-lasting friendship…Sustainable energyLong-lasting friendship…Sustainable energy
Most of EGAT's CSR projects have originated from EGAT’s concern on social problems and its intention to take part in remedying or in encouraging the society to participate in the problem solving. The Ban Khlong Rua Micro-Hydropower Plant Project in Pak Song Sub-district in Phato District of Chumphon Province was constructed by the collaboration of EGAT and Ban khlong Rua community to generate electricity owing to the remote location of the community which is a watershed area where electricity could not reach. The construction of the power plant was completed in 2012 and could supply electricity to 81 households. This hydropower plant can be regarded as a successful model of community power plant which has been originated from the real need of the community, managed by and for the benefit of the community while taking into account the way of life of the people and the environmental conservation. The Biological Way of Life for Sustainable Development Program has been implemented by EGAT since 1999 to promote natural agriculture and self-reliance approach. The “Wan Kaew” Project, launched in 2003, focuses on accepting donated spectacle frames and lens and dispatching the mobile optometry units to provide free eye tests and eyeglasses across the country.
Long-lasting friendship…Sustainable energyLong-lasting friendship…Sustainable energy
Generation System In 2012, EGAT power plants had an installed generating capacity of 15,010.13 MW or 46.04 percent of the country’s gross energy generation. The purchased power capacity included 12,741.69 MW from domestic independent power producers (IPPs) representing 39.08 percent of the country’s total generating capacity, 2,444.60 MW or 7.50 percent from small power producers (SPPs), and 2,404.60 MW or 7.38 percent from neighboring countries.
Apart from the new capacity of 12.00 MW of the downstream hydropower plant of Chao Phya Dam Units 1 and 2, there was no new large power plant added to the power system. For energy purchase, more energy was purchased from Theun Hinboun Expansion Hydroelectric Power Plant Unit 3, GHECO-One Co. Ltd., and small power producers with fixed power supply.
Energy Generation and Purchase In 2012, the peak power demand topped 26,121.10 MW on April 26, 2512 which was 2,220.89 MW or 9.29 percent higher than the previous year.
The net energy in 2012 was 173,250.28 million units which was 14,379.79 million units or 9.05 percent higher than the preceding year. The energy of 77,502.85 million units or 44.73 percent of the country’s energy demand was from the EGAT power plants, whereas the energy of 95,747.43 million units or 55.27 percent was purchased from independent power producers and from neighboring countries.
Fuel Utilization In 2012, natural gas remained a major source of fuel in electricity generation which could generate the net energy of 117,057.63 million units or 67.56 percent of the country’s net energy. Second in priority was lignite coal which could generate the net energy of 32,533.25 million units or 18.78 percent. Hydropower power plants could generate the net energy of 8,436.21 million units or 4.87 percent with addition of the imported power of 10,516.54 million units or 6.07 percent. The energy generated by fuel oil and diesel was 2,067.71 million units or 1.20 percent. The energy generated by biomass and renewable energy was 2,638.94 million units or 1.52 percent of the net energy.
Operations
13Long-lasting friendship...Sustainable energy
Gas consumption during 2008-2012 had a tendency to increase except in the year of 2011 when the great flood incident occurred. However, the average price of gas during 2008-2012 had continued to increase owing to the import of liquefied natural gas (LNG) which had a higher price per unit since the mid of 2011.
Energy Sales EGAT sold a total of 169,375.89 million kWh of electric energy out of which 49,991.71 million kWh to the Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA) and 116,031.38 million kWh to the Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) which were the main customers. The total of 3,228.32 million kWh electric energy was sold to direct customers and the neighboring countries (Lao PDR, Malaysia, and Cambodia). The rest of 119.81 million kWh was sold to other minor customers.
Energy Adjustment Charge (Ft tariff) In the year 2012, the fuel price increased from the year 2011. Natural gas price, the 70 percent of fuel share for power generation, increased 48 Baht/million BTU or 19 percent (from the average of 252 Baht/ million BTU to 300 Baht/ million BTU), resulting in the increase of power generation cost despite the attempt of the EGAT generation management to reduce the cost. As a result, the Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) allowed the F
t Tariff to be increased gradually, not
yet fully covering the actual cost, in order to alleviate the cost of living of the people and the manufacturing sector’s flood impacts in late 2011. Therefore, EGAT had to temporarily shoulder the accrued F
t revenue of
approximately 6,978 million Baht.
In 2012, the Ft Tariff was revised 3 times as follows:
Revision
(Baht/Unit) (Baht/Unit)
3 September-December 0.48 3.72
14
Type of power plant Installed Capacity (MW) Percentage of the System Capacity
Hydropower 3,435.74 10.54
Thermal 4,699.00 14.41
2 GWEAF (%) 91.32 90.72 92.75 90.54
3 POF (%) 4.23 5.48 3.39 5.00
4 UOF (%) 3.19 2.46 2.58 2.84
EGAT Generation Facilities
EGAT’s power plant performance was as follows:
In 2012, the overall performance of EGAT’s generating power plants fared better than the prior year both in terms of heat rate and availability factor. The generating weighted equivalent availability factor (GWEAF) of all power plants of EGAT amounted 2.2 percent lower than the preceding year due to the great flood during October-November 2011 resulting in the adjustment of the plan on some maintenance work to 2012. The planned outage factor (POF) in 2012, when compared with the year 2011, was found to be increased, whereas the unplanned outage factor (UOF) was slightly increased. However, EGAT could control the rate of UOF to be less than 3 percent.
Transmission System In 2012, EGAT pursued its plan in transmission system development covering improvement, maintenance, and extension of the transmission system as well as the transmission facilities to increase the capability and stability in the power supply system. Major transmission system projects completed during the year included 2 circuits of 500 KV Pluak Daeng-Wang Noi transmission line system and one circuit of 230 KV Nawanakorn-Wang Noi transmission line system.
Moreover, the KT1A, KT2A, and KT3A transformers of the 300 MVA capacity were installed at Nawanakorn Substation, whereas KT4A transformer of the capacity of 200 MVA was installed at Pluak Daeng Substation, and KT4A transformer of the capacity of 200 MVA was installed at Prachin Buri Substation. The new substations added to the transmission system were Mae Moh 4, Navanakorn, and Nakhon Phanom 2.
In 2012, EGAT’s transmission system network comprised 31,556.46 circuit-kilometers of transmission lines with 212 substations, 546 delivery points, and a total transformer capacity of 86,730.19 MVA.
Throughout the year, EGAT’s transmission system managed to address the problems and critical situation such as the delay in the plan or other constraints with satisfactory result.
In 2012, forced outages occurred 73 times, out of which 14 times were caused by failure of the transmission lines and 59 times from the substation equipment. The interruption was mainly caused by malfunction of substation
15Long-lasting friendship...Sustainable energy
equipment (26 times), by animals (24 times), by human errors, either staff or outside people (7 times), by environment (6 times), by weather (3 times), and by unidentifiable reasons (7 times).
Among the forced outages, important events which worth mentioning were as follows:
• On May 13, 2012 at 16.09 hours, a forced outage occurred in a wide area including Sakon Nakhon 1 Substation, That Phanom Substation, Nakhon Phanom Substation, Mukdahan Substations 1 and 2, and Substations of Electricité du Laos (Ta Khaek, Pak Bo). This interrupted power supply of 94.3 MW to PEA for 9 minutes and of 108.5 MW to Ta Khaek and Pak Bo substations for 2 minutes.
• On May 22, 2012 at 15.56 hours, a partial blackout occurred in the lower southern part of Thailand covering Songkhla, Yala, Pattani, Narathiwat, and Satun provinces. The partial blackout of 641.4 MW lasted 26 minutes.
In 2012, EGAT’s bulk power supply system reliability performance was as follows:
• System interruption severity (SISI) - System-minutes (MW-minutes/MW) 1.97607
• System average interruption frequency index (SAIFI), 0.30306 number of occurrence/delivery point
• System average interruption duration index (SAIDI), minutes/delivery point 6.79035
The availability of the transmission system in 2012 was as follows:
• System availability (SA) (%) 99.9987
• Transmission circuit availability (%) 99.99073
• Transformer availability (%) 99.52174
The quality of the power supply service has been well maintained with frequency being controlled within the band of 49.50-50.50 Hz and system voltage being steadily controlled within the range of 95-105 percent of nominal voltage.
To ensure the availability and continuity of the supply service, EGAT has given top priority to the improvement and maintenance of existing transmission facilities. Work carried out during the year included insulator cleaning for the 500 kV transmission lines in the area highly exposed to dirt, pollution, smoke, and waste from birds; drills and exercises of emergency preparedness and black start restoration plan; analytical review of the power supply system to properly prepare transmission maintenance and development plan; planning power dispatch in line with transmission constraints and system requirements; implementing preventive measures to minimize interruption of supply caused by human errors and equipment malfunctions caused by animals; and public communication program to reduce losses and damages to transmission facilities caused by community activities and address concern and complaints of all stakeholders with regards to power transmission. With this, EGAT has successfully maintained its high quality in electricity supply with continuity, stability, and reliability.
Most of EGAT's CSR projects have originated from EGAT’s concern on social problems and its intention to take part in remedying or in encouraging the society to participate in the problem solving. The Ban Khlong Rua Micro-Hydropower Plant Project in Pak Song Sub-district in Phato District of Chumphon Province was constructed by the collaboration of EGAT and Ban khlong Rua community to generate electricity owing to the remote location of the community which is a watershed area where electricity could not reach. The construction of the power plant was completed in 2012 and could supply electricity to 81 households. This hydropower plant can be regarded as a successful model of community power plant which has been originated from the real need of the community, managed by and for the benefit of the community while taking into account the way of life of the people and the environmental conservation. The Biological Way of Life for Sustainable Development Program has been implemented by EGAT since 1999 to promote natural agriculture and self-reliance approach. The “Wan Kaew” Project, launched in 2003, focuses on accepting donated spectacle frames and lens and dispatching the mobile optometry units to provide free eye tests and eyeglasses across the country.
Long-lasting friendship…Sustainable energyLong-lasting friendship…Sustainable energy
Most of EGAT's CSR projects have originated from EGAT’s concern on social problems and its intention to take part in remedying or in encouraging the society to participate in the problem solving. The Ban Khlong Rua Micro-Hydropower Plant Project in Pak Song Sub-district in Phato District of Chumphon Province was constructed by the collaboration of EGAT and Ban khlong Rua community to generate electricity owing to the remote location of the community which is a watershed area where electricity could not reach. The construction of the power plant was completed in 2012 and could supply electricity to 81 households. This hydropower plant can be regarded as a successful model of community power plant which has been originated from the real need of the community, managed by and for the benefit of the community while taking into account the way of life of the people and the environmental conservation. The Biological Way of Life for Sustainable Development Program has been implemented by EGAT since 1999 to promote natural agriculture and self-reliance approach. The “Wan Kaew” Project, launched in 2003, focuses on accepting donated spectacle frames and lens and dispatching the mobile optometry units to provide free eye tests and eyeglasses across the country.
Long-lasting friendship…Sustainable energyLong-lasting friendship…Sustainable energy
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