Uncontrolled copy not subject to amendmentRevision 4.00Airmanship Knowledge for Air Cadets Learning Outcome 3

Know How to Identify Military Aircraft Part 2: No.1 Group Air Combat

Contents Aircraft in No 1 Group Air Combat:

TyphoonTornado GR4 / GR4A Tornado F3Harrier GR9 / T12Lightning II

TyphoonReporting Name:TyphoonRole Letters and Marks:T1A / F2 / T3 / FGR4Role:Multi-Role Fighter

The TyphoonManufactured by Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK via the Eurofighter ConsortiumHigh performance, single seat, multi-role fighter aircraft designed to perform air superiority and ground attack missions with a full range of air-to-air and air-to-surface weaponsTwin-engine delta wing design with canard foreplanes and fly-by-wire controls for maximum agilityAdvanced avionics including ECR-90 CAPTOR Radar, Helmet-Mounted Symbology System (HMSS) helmet-mounted sight and voice control input.

Technical DataWing Span: 10.50M

Length: 15.96M

Crew:1 (2 in T1A / T3)

Maximum Speed:1,147kts (2125km/h) orMach 2.0 at 36,090ft

Engines: Two Eurojet EJ200Turbofans

Typhoon T1A

Typhoon F2

Typhoon T3

Typhoon FGR4

Typhoon FGR4

Typhoon Detail Differences T1A vs T3Typhoon T3 has the PIRATE FLIR (Forward Looking Infra-Red) sensor mounted on the port-side of the noseTyphoon T1A / T3 are primarily used for pilot conversion training but are fully combat-capable

All Typhoon T1s had a modification to the fuel system to become T1As

Typhoon Detail Differences F2 vs FGR4Typhoon FGR4 has the PIRATE FLIR (Forward Looking Infra-Red) sensor mounted on the nose

FGR4 upgrade introduced air-to-surface capability to Typhoon. All F2s will be upgraded to FGR4Typhoon F2 and FGR4 are the frontline combat variant of Typhoon.

Typhoon F2 is used in the air-to-air and Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) roles only

2. Tornado GR4 / GR4AReporting Name:TornadoRole Letters and Marks:GR4 / GR4ARole:Ground Attack / Reconnaissance

Tornado GR4 / GR4AVariable geometry wing, all-weather ground attack and reconnaissance aircraftTerrain-following radar, Forward Looking Infra Red (FLIR) and night-vision goggles allow unrestricted operations day or nightLITENING III Laser Designation Pod allows self-designation of ground targets for laser guided bombsCarries full range of air-to-surface weapons as well as RAPTOR pod for tactical reconnaissanceLinescan system enables the GR4A to conduct low-level, tactical reconnaissance

Technical Data Wing Span:13.9M fully forward8.6m fully swept

Length: 16.45M

Crew:2

Maximum Speed:800kts (1480km/h) orMach 1.2 at sea level

Engines: Two turbo union RB199turbofans

Tornado GR4 / GR4A

Tornado GR4 / GR4A

3. Tornado F3Reporting Name:TornadoRole Letters and Marks:F3Role:Air Defence

The Tornado F3 was retired from service in March 2011

Tornado F3Retired from service 31 March 2011Developed from the Tornado GR1 as a long-range air defence interceptorVariable sweep wing for high supersonic speed or high loiter durationAll-weather day/night operation with beyond visual- range engagement capabilityPatrols for over 3 hours at 300nmls from baseCarried AMRAAM and ASRAAM air-to-air missilesSecondary air defence suppression role added in 2003 using ALARM missiles

Technical Data Wing Span:13.9M fully forward8.6M fully swept

Length: 16.7M

Crew: 2

Maximum Speed:800kts (1480km/h) orMach 1.2 at sea level

Engines:Two Turbo Union RB199turbofans

Tornado F3

Tornado F3

Tornado F3

Comparing the F3 and GR4Tornado F3Tornado GR4Longer noseAMRAAM Missiles on stretched fuselageFLIR

The Tornado Test42351

4. Harrier GR9 / T12Reporting Name:HarrierRole Letters and Marks:GR9 / T12Role:Ground Attack and Reconnaissance

The Harrier GR9 / T12 was retired from servicein December 2010

Harrier GR9 / T12Harrier GR9 was a ground attack and Close Air Support aircraft capable of V/STOL (Vertical / Short Take-Off Landing)Harrier T12 was a twin-seat training variant for training new pilots and was fully combat capableAircraft were operated by 1 Sqn and 4 Sqn RAF and the Naval Strike Wing of the Fleet Air ArmOperated from both land bases and Royal Navy Aircraft CarriersCapable of operating day and night and in all weathersCarried a full range of air-to-surface weapons

Technical DataWing Span: 9.24M

Length:14.46M

Crew: 1 (2 in T12)

Maximum Speed:640kts (1186km/h) atsea level

Engine: One Rolls-Royce Pegasus 105 vectored-thrust turbofan

Harrier GR9

Harrier T12

5. Lightning IIReporting Name:Lightning IIRole Letters and Marks:Not Currently AvailableRole:Multi-role land- and carrier-based strike fighter

Lightning IIUS-built F-35 Lightning IILow-observable (stealth) fighter/attack aircraftPlanned in-service date of 2018 to replace Harrier GR9 in RAF and Royal Navy service It will operate from land bases and new Queen Elizabeth Class Aircraft CarriersSophisticated avionics and weapon-targeting systems including helmet-mounted weapons cueingUK version is based on F-35B Short Take-off Vertical Landing (STOVL) variant of the F-35 aircraft F-35 is also available as a conventional take-off variant (F-35A) and a Carrier variant (F-35C)

Technical DataWing Span: 10.7M

Length: 15.6M

Crew:1

Maximum Speed:Mach 1.6+

EnginesPratt & Whitney F135-PW-600 turbofan with lift-fan

Lightning II

Lightning II

Any questions?

***Germany manufactures the centre-fuselage, Spain and Italy manufacture the wings, UK manufactures the front fuselage and the fin, UK and Italy share manufacture of the rear fuselage. Each nation completes final assembly of their own aircraft from these major units. Aircraft is also in service with Austria (manufactured in Germany) and Saudi Arabia (manufactured in the UK)

Weapons carried by Typhoon include ASRAAM & IRIS-T short-range air-to-air missiles, AMRAAM medium-range air-to-air missiles and Laser-Guided Bombs.

First combat missions flown over Libya in 2011 as part of Operation Ellamy**********Tornado GR4 is the primary strike aircraft of the Royal Air Force. It operates in all weather conditions, day or night at low- and medium-level. Air-to-surface weapons carried include Paveway II, III and IV laser-guided bombs, Brimstone anti-tank missiles, Storm Shadow standoff missiles and ALARM anti-radar missiles along with internal 27mm Mauser cannon. ASRAAM missiles are carried for self-defence.

*Crew includes Pilot in the front seat and Weapons Systems Officer in the rear seat.**AMRAAM = Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile. ASRAAM = Advanced Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile. Replaced Skyflash and AIM-9L Sidewinder respectively.******Weapons carried by the Harrier GR9 / T12 included; Paveway II, III and IV Laser-Guided Bombs, Maverick anti-tank missiles, CRV-7 rockets, 540lb and 1000lb unguided bombs and AIM-9L Sidewinder.*There was also a GR9A sub-variant that was fitted with a Pegasus 107 engine with increased thrust to improve performance in hot and high conditions (ie Afghanistan) and also to increase the permitted landing weight when landing aboard aircraft carriers.**Joint Combat Aircraft is the UK designation for the F-35B Lightning II Short Takeoff / Vertical Landing (STOVL) Variant

***Joint Combat Aircraft is the UK designation for the F-35B Lightning II Short Takeoff / Vertical Landing (STOVL) Variant*Joint Combat Aircraft is the UK designation for the F-35B Lightning II Short Takeoff / Vertical Landing (STOVL) Variant