THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION Part II: Reformation Ideas Spread.
Ireland2 reformation
-
Upload
tim-mc-inerney -
Category
Education
-
view
646 -
download
0
Transcript of Ireland2 reformation
![Page 1: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Reformation
![Page 2: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Extent of the Roman Empire
![Page 3: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Raphael – The Vision of the Cross, 1520
![Page 4: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Extent of Roman Christianity – known as Roman Catholicism
![Page 16: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Papal States in the Middle Ages
![Page 17: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Organisation of Catholic GovernanceThe Pope
Cardinals
Archbishops
Bishop
Priest Priest
Archbishops
Bishop Bishop
Priest
![Page 23: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The three orders of medieval society in
Europe
Those who pray
Those who fight
Those who work
![Page 24: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Irish Monastic cities – middle ages
![Page 26: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Handwritten Latin Bible
![Page 32: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Rood Screen
![Page 33: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Medieval Catholic Church
![Page 35: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Martin Luther’s Protestant Reformation
![Page 45: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Lutheranism in 16th century Germany• Authority from the Bible alone (rather from an organisation or traditions as
in the Catholic Church).• It is known as a Protestant movement, because it protests against Catholic
traditions.• Salvation from faith alone (rather than from rituals, indulgences or
absolution)• Simplified clergy • Plain, undecorated churches• Forbids worship of Saints, including Virgin Mary• Encourages reading and studying of the Bible
![Page 50: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Catholic Church interior
![Page 51: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Lutheran Protestant Church
![Page 53: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Jean Calvin (Geneva)
![Page 55: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Calvinism in 16th Century Switzerland and France• Like Lutheranism, this is a Protestant movement.• Unlike Lutheranism, it proposes five new ideas about humanity: • 1. Total depravity: no one can save himself from sin• 2. Unconditional election: God has already chosen who will go to heaven• 3. Limited atonement: only the elect will be forgiven for their sins.• 4. Irresistable grace: the elect will ‘irresistably’ do the will of God• 5. Perseverence of the elect: only the truly elect will follow God’s path to
the end• French Huguenots also followed the teachings of Jean Calvin.
![Page 56: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
John Knox: brings Calvinism to Scotland
![Page 57: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Calvinist meeting house in Scotland
![Page 59: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
![Page 60: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
![Page 61: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
The Protestant Reformation of England
![Page 62: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
![Page 63: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Catherine of Aragon
![Page 64: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Leviticus• 18.16: “You shall not uncover the nakedness of your brother’s wife, it
is his nakedness”• 20.21: “If a man takes his brother’s wife, it is impurity, he has
uncovered his brother’s nakedness, they shall be childless”
![Page 65: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Anne Boleyn
![Page 66: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Love Letter (14) From Henry to Anne Boleyn (1528)MINE own SWEETHEART, this shall be to advertise you of the great elengeness that I find here since your departing ; for, I ensure youmethinketh the time longer since your departing now last, than I was wont to do a whole fortnight. I think your kindness and my fervency of lovecauseth it ; for, otherwise, I would not have thought it possible that for so little a while it should have grieved me. But now that I am coming to-wards you, methinketh my pains be half removed ; and also I am right wellcomforted in so much that my book maketh substantially for my matter;in looking whereof I have spent above four hours this day, which causeth menow to write the shorter letter to you at this time, because of some pain inmy head; wishing myself (especially an evening) in my sweetheart’s arms,whose pretty dukkys I trust shortly to kiss. Written by the hand of him that was, is, and shall be yours by his ownwill,
H.R.
![Page 67: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
![Page 68: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Act of Supremacy 1534• Henry VIII establishes his own Church. It is called the Church of
England, or the Anglican Church.• Since it rejects the authority of the Catholic Church, like Lutheranism
and Calvinism, it is a Protestant movement.• All citizens must accept the king as the head of their church by law• The Church of England incorporates many of the reforms proposed by
Lutheranism and Calvinism, but also continues many Catholic traditions.• In many ways, then, it is a political rather than a religious break.
![Page 69: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Dissolution of the Monasteries 1536-1541
![Page 70: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
![Page 71: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
The four main religions of of Britain and Ireland by the 19th century
• Catholicism: most people in Ireland remain Catholic• Anglicanism: the state religion of England, it becomes the
official religion of the King and all his subjects after Henry VIII’s Act of Supremacy, 1534• Calvinism: this religious movement remains strongest in
Scotland. It rejects Catholic tradition much more strongly than Anglicanism, as well as the idea of clergy hierarchy. • Other Dissenters: Many other Protestant movements grew
up during and after the English Reformation. Their followers were known as Dissenters. These movements were most popular in the Industrial North and in Wales.
Protestant movements
![Page 72: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
![Page 73: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Catholicism in the 18-19th century • Dominated most of Europe, under the authority of the Pope• Maintained traditional pre-Reformation practices: masses, pilgrimages,
transubstantiation etc.• Wealthiest and most powerful institution in Europe• Was supported by most European rulers, emperors, etc. Catholics were thus
considered a security threat in England.• Anti-Catholicism was widespread in Britain, and often reflected more general
xenophobia.• Catholicism was still the majority religion of Ireland• Also had a strong presence among the working class and the poor in England
(many of them Irish immigrants).
![Page 74: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Catholics in Ireland before 1829 (worshipping in secret)
![Page 75: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Anglicanism (Church of England) in the 19th century
• Rejected the authority of the Pope and Rome• Majority religion in England (and of the colonial elite in Ireland)• This was the State religion, the most powerful religious institution in
Britain.• Most of the nobility and the parliament are Anglicans.• The Monarch is the symbolic head of the Anglican Church (but in
reality the religion is managed by the Archbishop of Canterbury).
![Page 76: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Westminster Abbey
![Page 77: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
![Page 78: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Anglican Clergy
![Page 79: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Archbishop of Canterbury
![Page 80: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Calvinism• Majority religion in Scotland• Denounced hierarchies, religious and social• Denounced all of the old traditions of the Catholic church that are not
mentioned in the Bible.• Considered Anglicanism too close to Catholicism. • Believed in predestination (only the ‘elect’ will be saved).• Rejected Church hierarchies: was governed by councils rather than
bishops.
![Page 81: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
![Page 82: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
![Page 83: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Other Dissenting Sects in the 19th century• Many small independent movements, which grew throughout the 17th
and 18th centuries.• Include: The Quakers, The Baptists, The Methodists, and the
Congregationalists.• Had a strong presence in Wales, and were often highly politicised.• Many dissenters called for radical reforms in religion and society. The
Quakers called for the abolition of the slave trade, for example; Methodists established institutions of education for the poor.
![Page 84: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
![Page 85: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
![Page 86: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
![Page 87: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
![Page 88: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
The Protestant Work EthicUnlike the old Catholic social system, Protestantism – especially Calvinist and Dissenting groups - emphasised new political values:• Individuality (rather than collective class identity)• Aspiration • Self-reliance (rather than reliance on authority/hierarchy)• Investment (rather than charity)• Pride in hard work (rather than seeing work as a punishment)• Belief in constant progress • Belief in radical social change
![Page 89: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
![Page 90: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Bourneville Chocolate Factory
![Page 91: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Bourneville Village
![Page 92: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
![Page 93: Ireland2 reformation](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070601/5899da1d1a28ab4a0b8b6277/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)