Innovative Uses of LFG Energy - Swana Fl Winter Conference... · Innovative Uses of LFG Energy...
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Innovative Uses of LFG Energy
Brent Dieleman
SCS Engineers
(contractor to U.S. EPA for LMOP)
Florida SWANA Winter Waste Conference
February 10, 2015
Today’s Agenda
• LMOP overview
• Status of the LFG energy industry in Florida and the U.S.
• LFG energy project types and technologies
• Innovative uses/case studies
• LMOP tools and resources
Innovative Uses of LFG Energy 1
EPA’s Landfill Methane Outreach Program
Mission: To reduce methane emissions by lowering barriers and promoting the development of cost-effective and
environmentally beneficial landfill gas energy (LFG Energy) projects.
Innovative Uses of LFG Energy
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• Established in 1994
• Voluntary program that creates alliances among states,
energy users/providers, the landfill gas industry, and
communities
• Provides technical, promotional, and informational tools and
services to encourage LFG energy project development
Landfill Gas and Green Power: A Winning Combination
• Dual benefit
o Destroys methane and other organic compounds in LFG
o Offsets use of nonrenewable resources (coal, oil, gas) and reduces emissions
• LFG is a recognized renewable energy resource
• Local, renewable source of energy
• Fosters collaboration among private and public entities
• Creates jobs during construction and continued operation
• LFG is generated 24/7 and projects have online reliability over 90%
• LFG can act as a long-term price and volatility hedge against fossil fuels
Innovative Uses of LFG Energy 4
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LFG Energy Projects and Candidate Landfills
Nationwide Summary
636 OPERATIONAL Projects(1,978 MW and 305 mmscfd)
~440 CANDIDATE Landfills(885 MW or 490 mmscfd, 40 MMTCO2e/yr Potential)
These data are from LMOP’s database as of July 22, 2014.
* Landfill is accepting waste or has been closed 5 years or less, has at least 1 mm tons of waste, and does not have an operational, under-construction, or
planned project; can also be designated based on actual interest by the site.
** LMOP does not have any information on candidate landfills in this state.
OPERATIONAL PROJECTS
CANDIDATE LANDFILLS*
State of LFG Energy in Florida
• 22 operational LFG energy projects
o124 megawatts (MW) of electrical generation in Florida from 18 landfills
o4.6 million standard cubic feet per day of LFG generated from 4 landfills
• 13 Candidate Landfills that potentially could support an LFG energy project.
oAbout 52 MW of electricity could be generated from these landfills using LFG
Innovative Uses of LFG Energy 6
Operational LFG Energy Projects in Florida
• Baseline Landfill - Ocala • Brevard County Central Disposal
Facility - Cocoa • East Duval SLF - Jacksonville • Hernando County Northwest Landfill -
Brooksville • Jacksonville North SLF - Jacksonville • Lena Road Class 1 Landfill - Bradenton • Monarch Hill Landfill – Pompano Beach • Naples Landfill – Naples • North Central Landfill – Winter Haven • Orange County SLF - Orlando
• Osceola Landfill - Geneva • Perdido LF – Cantonment • Saint Lucie County SLF Phase 1 – Fort
Pierce • South Dade Solid Waste Disposal
Facility – Homestead • Springhill Regional Landfill –
Campbellton • Tomoka Farms Road LF – Port Orange • Trail Ridge Landfill Inc. – Baldwin • Zemel Road Landfill – Punta Gorda
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Direct-Use • Highlands County Solid Waste Management Center – Sebring • Lena Road Class 1 Landfill - Bradenton • PBCSWA RRF Site #7 – West Palm Beach • Saint Lucie County SLF Phase 1 – Fort Pierce
Electricity
Planned LFG Energy Projects in Florida
• Central County Solid Waste Disposal Complex – Nokomis
o Project type: “unknown”
• North Dade Landfill – Opa-Locka
o Project type: reciprocating engine
• PBCSWA RRF Site #7 – West Palm Beach
o Project type: gas turbine
• Saint Cloud City LF Class 1 – Saint Cloud
o Project type: CNG
Innovative Uses of LFG Energy 8
“Candidate” Landfills in Florida
• Bridge way Acres LF – St. Petersburg • Citrus County Central Landfill – Lecanto • Hillsborough Heights LF – Seffner • Indian River County LF Class 1 – Vero Beach • J.E.D. Solid Waste Management Facility – St. Cloud • Leon County Landfill – Tallahassee • Martin County Palm City II SLF – Palm City • Medley Landfill – Medley • New River Regional LF – Raiford • Okeechobee LF – Okeechobee • Putnam County Central SLF – Palatka • Southeast Hillsborough County LF – Lithia • West Nassau SLF - Callahan
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LFG Incentives
• LFG is eligible as a renewable resource for 37 states and District of Columbia
• Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) – requires utilities to supply a percentage of power from renewable resources
o 29 states plus District of Columbia have an RPS
o Florida currently does not have an RPS
• Production Tax Credit • Extended by Congress in December 2014 to cover projects under construction
by January 1, 2015
• Additional Resources:
• Database of State Incentives for Renewables and Efficiency www.dsireusa.org
• LMOP Funding Guide www.epa.gov/lmop
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Market Overview & Industry Trends
• 300% increase in LFG energy projects from 1995 to 2013
• Electricity projects continue to dominate
• Development of direct-use projects have slowed
• Increasing interest in conversion to alternative fuel
• Corporate sector interest challenged with low gas prices and financial constraints
• Low carbon and REC prices in most of the country
• Maturing industry – consolidations within waste companies and project developers
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Diversity of Project Types Using LFG
• Electric Generation (~75% of all projects)
o Reciprocating engines
o Turbines
o Microturbines
o Combined heat & power (CHP)
• Direct-Use (~25% of all projects) o Boiler applications
o Direct thermal (dryers, kilns)
o Natural gas pipeline injection
Medium & high Btu
o Greenhouses
o Leachate evaporation
o Vehicle fuel (LNG, CNG)
Innovative Uses of LFG Energy 12
Pottery Studio, NC
LFG-fired Boiler Ft. Wayne, IN
LFG Has Been Used to Help Produce…
• Fiberglass, nylon, and paper
• Furthering space exploration
• Garden plants • Green power • Ice cream, milk, and tea • Infrared heat • Juice (apple, cranberry,
orange) • Pharmaceuticals • Snack food • Soy-based products • Steel • Tomatoes (hydroponic)
Innovative Uses of LFG Energy 13
• Aluminum • Alternative fuels
(biodiesel, CNG, ethanol, and LNG)
• Aquaculture • Arts & crafts
(blacksmithing, ceramics) • Biosolids (drying) • Bricks and concrete • Carpet • Cars and trucks • Chemicals • Chocolate • Consumer goods and
containers • Denim • Electronics
Project Types and Technologies
• Power production/cogeneration
• Direct use of medium-Btu gas
• Production of high-Btu gas
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Electricity Generation
• 75% of all LFG energy projects produce electricity
• Common technologies include:
o Internal combustion engines
o Gas turbines
o Microturbines
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Direct Use
• 25% of all LFG energy projects
• LFG is piped to nearby end-user and used in boiler or other industrial process
• Limited treatment is required
• Ideal gas end-user will require a steady gas flow compatible with the landfill’s gas flow
16 Innovative Uses of LFG Energy
High-Btu Gas Production
• Refers to increasing the CH4 content of the gas and decreasing CO2
• Common uses of high-Btu gas:
o Injection into natural gas pipeline
o Production of vehicle fuel (CNG, LNG)
• Typically more expensive
• Process may achieve economies of scale
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LFG Treatment
• Treatment requirements depend on end-use of the LFG: o Direct use – minimal treatment o Electricity – treatment to remove contaminants that might damage
engines/turbines o High-Btu – extensive treatment required
• Primary treatment o Dewatering and filtration to remove moisture and particulates o More common - compression and cooling to remove water vapor and
humidity
• Secondary treatment o Greater gas cleaning o Removal of siloxanes and sulfur
18 Innovative Uses of LFG Energy
2013 Project of the Year:
Category: Electricity
Blue Ridge Renewable Energy Plant
Scotland, PA
• 6.4 MW of power is generated from four Caterpillar 3520 engines
• Project provides 15% of Borough’s electric needs
2012 Project of the Year:
Electricity – Off-Site Combined Heat & Power
La Crosse County LF & Gundersen
Health System LFG Electric Energy
and CHP Project, WI
• The county benefits from the revenue stream and the LF received a “Green Tier” status from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
• 2-mile pipeline delivers LFG to Gundersen for electricity generation and on-site production of heat and hot water
• The project simple payback is currently estimated at approximately 8 years
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2012 Project of the Year:
Electricity – Combined Cooling, Heat, and Power
Hickory Ridge Landfill & Coca Cola
Conley, GA
• A 6-mile pipeline and 3 CAT engines were permitted in a severe ozone non-attainment area
• LFG provides a continuous supply of renewable electricity, steam, and chilled water to the Coca-Cola Atlanta Syrup Branch facility
• Generates 5.7 MW of power with potential for increased production that could lead to supplying nearly all of the plant’s energy needs
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Direct Use
Seward County Landfill
Liberal, KS
• Project is a public/private partnership with National Beef
• 70 scfm of LFG is piped 1,500 feet to wastewater lagoon
• LFG and gas from covered lagoon is captured and used to fuel boilers at National Beef
22 Innovative Uses of LFG Energy
2013 Project of the Year:
Alternative Fuel - CNG
Seminole Road Landfill Renewable Fuels
Facility, Ellenwood, GA • CNG project utilizes
excess LFG that is generated at the site
• Project replaced 40 old diesel fueled vehicles with new CNG-burning waste collection vehicles
• Energy products produced from LFG include:
• Electricity
• RNG
• CNG
• Facility includes a Renewable Energy Center and fueling station
2012 Project of the Year:
Alternative Fuel – CNG
St. Landry Parish Landfill CNG Project, LA
• County uses the technology developed by BioCNG and uses local LFG to create vehicle fuel
• Project is planning an expansion in 2015
• Converts 50 scfm of LFG into 250 gallons of gasoline equivalent per day of compressed natural gas
• CNG is used to fuel government vehicles including Sheriff department cars, light duty trucks, and the solid waste district utility trucks
24 Innovative Uses of LFG Energy
LMOP Direct Project Assistance
• Analyze landfill resource – gas modeling
• Identify potential matches – LMOP Locator
• Assess landfill and end user facilities
• Initial feasibility analyses – LFGcost
• Look at project possibilities
o Direct-use
o Combined Heat & Power
o Electric
o Alternative Fuels
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LMOP Tools and Services
• Website: www.epa.gov/lmop
• Direct project assistance
• Technical and outreach publications
• Project and candidate landfill database
• Network of 1,000+ Partners
• Listserv
• Support for ribbon cuttings/other public relations
• Presentations at conferences
• State training workshops
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Becoming an LMOP Partner
• Voluntary
• Select program category
• Complete and submit MOU
o Online at www.epa.gov/lmop
o Include high-resolution logo
• Receipt of a welcome packet
• General responsibilities
o Partner – designate a point of contact, provide updated information on landfill and LFG energy project
o LMOP – provide technical support via assistance and publications
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LMOP National LFG Energy Workshop
30 Innovative Uses of LFG Energy
• LMOP is collaborating with SWANA to organize the workshop in conjunction with their upcoming 38th Annual Landfill Gas & Biogas Symposium
• Half-day workshop on Thursday, March 19, 2015 in New Orleans, Louisiana
• Workshop will highlight recent successes in LFG energy projects and recognize the 2014 LMOP Project and Partner of the Year awardees
Preliminary agenda is available at:
www.epa.gov/lmop/workshops/nationalworkshop.html
Online registration is open!
www.tradeshowregistrar.com/regsystem18/?event=swana2015
Contact Information
Brent Dieleman
SCS Engineers
Contractor to U.S. EPA for LMOP
703.471.6150
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