European Commission eContent Towards the 2001-2002 Workprogramme.
How to make mathematical eContent travel well
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How to make mathematical
eContent travel well Olga Caprotti*, Matti Pauna*, Mika Seppälä
University of Helsinki
*Work funded by the JEM Thematic Network ECP-038208
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travelling eContent
Electronic resources and, more in general, eContent produced for education
‘’travel well’’
when they can be reused across national borders and in different curricular frameworks
...on a variety of devices
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In this talk features of mathematical eContent that make it
travel well:
semantic markup such as Content MathML and OpenMath,
metadata for learning resources
producing mathematical eContent and convert it to ad-hoc formats
multilingual mathematics
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JEM-Joining Educational Mathematics
EU-funded thematic network of 20 nodes in 10 countries
http://www.jem-thematic.net
promote eContent in mathematics education
eContent from the partners HAS to travel well
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Characteristics of the traveling resourceLearning resources travel well if they are high quality and in addition if they
do not rely on written or spoken language,
use alternative representations,
avoid jargon used in country of origin,
are highly visual,
are modular,
clearly state the IPR
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Mathematics is universal but not all formats are created equal
may or may not support localization of notation to place and subject (communities of practice)
may or may not support alternative modalities: e.g. aural or braille presentations
even font scaling can become an issue
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What format then?
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Comparative ChartFormat Server Interactivity Notation
support Formulae
Authoring GUI
Alternative representation
OMDoc SWiM, pantha-rei, ActiveMath
Y Y OpenMath/C-MathML
STeX, OQMath, jEditOQMath
XHTML+MathML
MathDox mathdox-player
Y limited, via xslt
OpenMath/LaTeX/MathML
- XHTML+MathML, PDF, LaTeX
CNXML cnx.org N Y C-MathML LaTeX, Word XHTML+MathML, PDF
OOXML N N N OMML MS Office PDF, PPTX?, DOCX, DOC
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The WebALT mathematical grammar library, released under GPL, allows to generate problem statements in several languages from a unique representation in OpenMath.
Multilinguality
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ActiveMath, http://demo.activemath.org/ActiveMath2
MathDox, http://www.mathadore.nl
CMS for mathematics
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MathDox formula editor
web-based produces OpenMath
integrated into HTML pages
intended for interactive pages
WIRIS OpenMath toolS
java applet
moodle integration
jEditOQMath
for OMDoc documents used in ActiveMath
easy input syntax of mathematical formulae
LaTeXML
for those familiar with LaTeX
faithful emulation of TeX's behaviour
extensibility by packages
preservation of both semantic and presentation cues
support good Presentation MathML, in future Content MathML and OpenMath.
sTeX
conversion CNX, C-MathML, OMDoc, Dublin-Core, and PhysML
Editors
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Making eContent knownOnce produced, such material is very valuable.
Learning repositories allow to share resources.
Use standards
for describing learning resources, e.g. LOM (IEEE learning object metadata, 70 fields in 9 categories)
for federated searches across repositories (OAI)
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Metadata descriptionsEntered manually by author in a form
e.g. interactivity type (active,expositive,mixed),
e.g. learning resource type (exercise, simulation,
lecture, graph, questionnaire, diagram, figure, index, slide, table, narrative
text, exam, experiment, problem statement, self assessment)
Automatically produced by online services
SAmgI (Simple AMG Interface)
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JEM Learning Repository
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The problem oftime traveling resources
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Course-ware development occurs during years:
lecture notes, slides, podcasts, mobile-maths
OUR CASE: interactive exercises
Electronic archival issues:
no one knows anymore what is there
multiple authors, locations, versions
non-uniform naming
tailored for several specific use cases
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Organized into classes
Poor metadata support
Poor search support Ad hoc
classification (depends on the author)
MapleTA Exercise Collection
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Reorganize!
agree on a meaningful naming scheme: e.g. Topic information
encoded in the QB name: 010202 for Fractions easier to locate questions topics are smaller maintain one version
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Metadata generation
Structure: Atomic
Format: application/mapleta
Interactivity type: Active
Learning resource type: Exercise
Intended end user role: Learner
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Managing MapleTA exercises
Search & browse:
question text
algorithm
hints
solution
LOM fields
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SummaryChoice of format for eContent will impact how well the material can travel to places, and through time
The richer the format, the more involved the authoring process
Choosing to author using a semantic markup now is possible
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Thank you!