Final year Project on

Green BuildingProject Guide

Prof. Zulfiquar Ahmad

Project Submitted By- Sitapara Karan Dipak

GREEN BUILDINGARMIE

T

PROJECT AIMTO PLAN AND DESIGN A RESIDENTIAL GREEN BUILDING AT A SITE IN KALYAN

DOMBIVALI MUNICIPAL CORPORATION.

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OBJECTIVE• Understanding the concept of Green Building Design.

• To design a residentially viable Green Building including maximum open space with cost effective design and materials.

• Improve indoor air quality by orientation natural ventilation design.

• Implementing Rain Water Harvesting system with Ground Water Recharge as an attempt to improve regional Ground water table.

• Using eco friendly and regionally available construction materials.

• Implementing solar panel for energy generation and reducing power consumption of building.

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METHODOLOGY

• Understanding Green Building• Design of Green Building• Structural Design• Certification and Guidelines

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Understanding Green Building

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DEFINITION

WHAT IS GREEN BUILDING?

A green building is an environmentally sustainable building, designed, constructed and operated to minimize the total environmental impacts.

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Source- US Environmental protection agency

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Savings of Green Building

Energy Savings Carbon Savings Water use Savings Waste cost Savings0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%Savings

Savings

Average savings of Green Buildings.

Source- USGBC worldwide survey 2009

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Major Criteriato achieve green element in buildings

Energy Efficiency

Material Efficienc

y

Water Efficienc

y

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Energy EfficiencyEnergy Efficiency can be achieved by,• Using non-conventional and

renewable sources of energy.• Reducing energy consumption.• Optimize energy performance.• Use of alternative renewable sources

of Power such as Solar Power, Bio mass, Wind Power, Hydro Power etc.

• In buildings, it is achieved by installing solar panels and photovoltaic, Solar water heater, natural lighting and ventilation and by use of low consumption electrical appliances.

39%

33%

28%

Energy UseBuildings IndustriesTransportation

Source-Indian Pollution Control Board Survey in 2008

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Technologies to Achieve Energy Efficiency in

Building

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Passive Solar Building Design

• Designing and orienting windows, walls and floors to utilize direct sun light.

• Using direct sunlight for heating in winter and avoiding the same in summer.

• Maximum use of natural delighting for ventilation.

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Solar Water Heating

• Use of solar power for heating water

• Works on solar power so no operational cost

• Delivers hot water for most of the time in a year

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Building Integrated Photovoltaic

• Photovoltaic (PV) Panel converts Solar power in to useful Electricity

• These PV modules can be installed on walls and rooftop of building

• Clean (eco-friendly) source of electricity

• Reduces consumption of conventional thermal electricity

• Proves to be economical in long term

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Material Efficiency

Material Efficiency can be achieved by,• Using eco friendly materials• Construction waste management• Use of regional and rapidly

renewable materials• Use of wastes and debris of

demolition works• Compressed Earth Blocks, Fly ash

Blocks, Stabilized Mud blocks, HVFC, Bamboo, Low VOC paints and other recycled materials.

• Use of Solar Reflective Glass and Low VOC paints for better indoor air quality

Source- IGBC and LEED

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Eco-friendly Construction Materials

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Compressed Earth Block

• It’s a compressed mix of dirt, non expansive clay and aggregate.

• Slurry used for bonding of CEB is also of same mixture of dirt and clay

• Simple in manufacturing so, It can be prepared near the construction site.

• Economic since it uses dirt and clay which is not expensive at all.

• Fire resistant, Sound Resistant, Non-toxic in nature.

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Fly ash Blocks

• Mix of Fly ash and Lime• Fly ash is a by product of Thermal

power plants.• Thus Fly ash, a waste material is

utilized for construction• Fly ash is very cheap (only cost of

transportation) hence the blocks are also economical

• Possess high strength, good finishing and uniformity in size which reduced quantity of plastering

• Low water absorption• Blocks are of comparatively large size

hence, construction becomes faster

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High Volume Fly ash Concrete

• About 50 % of the cement is replaced by Fly ash in HVF Concrete, Thus reducing use of cement and utilizing waste material

• More economical as compared to ordinary concrete

• Fly ash replacement doesn’t alter its strength if correct proportion is maintained

• Improved workability, reduced segregation and bleeding, increased pump ability

• In long term, less W/C ratio, increased strength, less shrinkage, low heat of hydration

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Low VOC Paints

• VOC is Volatile organic compound are drying agent of paint, which are toxic to humans

• VOC keeps evaporating from wall surfaces for years

• Low VOC paints contains minimum amount of VOC

• Better indoor air quality, protects Ozone layer, less allergic, quick drying, low odour

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Solar Reflective Glass

• Reflects infrared rays of sun• Only permits visible light to pass

through it• Keeps indoors comparatively

cooler hence, achieving energy efficiency

• 3°C-4°C temperature insulation is achieved

• High durability and resistance to surface abrasion, wear and tear

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Water EfficiencyWater Efficiency can be achieved by,• Treatment of waste water and

Recycling of Grey water.• Water conservation and ground

water recharge by Rainwater harvesting

• Controlled water use and wastage reduction

• Reducing storm water runoff by efficient landscaping

Source- IGBC and LEED

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Recycling of Grey Water

• Grey water is waste water form laundry, dishwashing and bathing which can be recycled on site

• Without purifying it can be used for landscaping and some other agricultural purposes

• With purification it can be used for bathing, toilet flushing, car washing and other purposes except drinking and cooking

• It has many benefits including less impact on treatment plant, lower fresh water extraction, top soil nitrification

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Rain water Harvesting

• Collection and utilization of storm water

• Storm water can either be stored on site and used later or it can be recharged into the underground aquifer

• RWH system are beneficial individually as well as for society in case of ground water recharge

• Reduced runoff, less extraction of fresh water, less load on treatment plants, improvement in regional ground water table

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Building Design

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Site LocationARMIET

Image source- Google maps

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Site Details

• Address - Oak baug, Valipeer Road, Kalyan West, Thane.

• Governing Authority - KDMC (Kalyan Dombivali Municipal Corporation)

• Distance from nearest Railway Station= 350M (Kalyan RS)• Plot Area = 929.03Sq.m• FSI (Floor Space Index) = 1• Transfer of Development Rights = 0.4• Possible max. built-up area = 1300.65Sq.m

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Design Requirements• According to the available built-up area of site, we

have designed 3 storied building with 4 flats on each floor of 2 BHK

• Building is designed for higher middle class group of peoples

• Plan is designed according to Green Building Principles

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Planning Principles Adopted in Design

• Plan is oriented facing east for maximum utilization of natural light and ventilation

• Comparatively larger opening of windows are provided• Ducts provided for ventilation of interior parts of Building and

also to allow cross ventilation• Balconies connecting dining by French windows to enhance

ventilation and interior beauty• Onsite rainwater harvesting and ground water recharge

facility is proposed in plan

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Technologies Implemented

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Solar Photovoltaic Module

• 200KWHr consumption of single unit (flat) per month is assumed

• 348 units of PV modules are installed on roof and on car shed, Each module of 230Watt-Hr

• Cost of Installation of PV module= Rs. 2,400,000.

• All the units in building shall run on electricity generated by PV modules for 300 sunny days in a year

Source- www.suranaventures.com

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Ground Water Recharge

• Recharge Shaft technique of GW Recharge is proposed

• Avg. annual rain fall in Mumbai region= 1800-2400mm

• Total Catchment Area (roof + car shed)= 504.5Sq.m• Avg. annual water recharged= 943,420litres

Materials Used

Fly ash Blocks

• Fly ash Bricks are feasible because, they are eco-friendly, easily available, economical

• Blocks are hollow hence reduces load on structure and provides insulation to walls

• Cost comparison:– Standard Brick 1st Class (190X90X90mm)= Rs.10 per brick– Hollow Fly ash Blocks (190X90X390mm)= Rs. 22.5 per block

Note- 1 Fly ash block is twice as big as compared to 1 ordinary brick

Source- Eversmile pre-fabrication pvt.ltd.

High Volume Fly ash Concrete

• HVFC is feasible because Fly ash is cheap, easily available and best suited as a filler material in concrete

• HVFC are more economic when compared to Ordinary concrete

• Cost Comparison:Grade Ordinary Concrete

(Rs.)HVFC(Rs.)

M-25 3750 3150

M-30 4230 3570

Source- Eversmile pre-fabrication pvt.ltd.

Low VOC Paints

Paint Product VOC in gm/liter

Rate pre Liter in Rs.

Rate per liter of similar ordinary paint in Rs.

Tractor emulsion smooth wall finish 24.14 124 118

Royale Luxury emulsion 55.62 380 315

Apex Utima Weather proof exterior emulsion

33.67 310 285

Apex weather proof exterior 32.31 235 210

Premium emulsion 41.30 235 205

Source- Asian Paints

•These paints are comparatively more expensive then ordinary paints but they are still preferable because of there reasonable advantages.

•Low VOC paints reduces Ozone depletion and improves indoor air quality

Solar Reflective Glass

• These glass are feasible because they controls the infrared rays of sun keeps indoor environment cooler then outside.

• They are more expensive then ordinary glass but still economical if the expenses of electricity for Air conditioning are also considered.

Ordinary Glass Solar Reflective Glass

Rs. 30-35 per Sq.ft Rs. 40-45 per Sq.ft

Source- Archana Glass Traders, Kalyan

Structural Design

Structural Design Overview

• The Structure of the Proposed building is designed using ETABS software

• A model of structure is generated with the help of software

• Various checks and analysis are also applied on the model with considering Indian Standard code of practice

Few Images of the structure from ETABS

3D Extrusion View of the Structure

Screen shot of the Software

Typical Plan Layout

Beam Moment Diagram

Detailed Moment Diagram

Beam Ast

Deformation for Earthquake Load in X-Direction

Deformation For Earthquake load in Y-direction

Certifications and Guidelines

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Certification Councils

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) - Worldwide.

United States Green Building Council (USGBC)- USA.

Indian Green Building Council (IGBC)- India.

Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE)- India.

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For India

International

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LEED Rating System

Criteria Max Points

•Sustainable Sites 26

•Water Efficiency 10

•Energy and Atmosphere 35

•Material And Resources 14

•Indoor Environment Quality 15

•Innovation 6

Total 110

Source- LEED official website

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LEED Certification

LEED Certified 40-50 points

LEED Silver 50-60 points

LEED Gold 60-80 points

LEED Platinum 80+ points

Source- LEED official website

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Conclusion

Conclusion

The aim of the project was to understand, plan and design Green Building.

• That has been achieved by studying different green technologies for buildings

• By planning and designing building layout, development of plan, elevation, sections etc

• Various Green technologies and materials proposed with their feasibility study and cost comparison

• The structure of the building is designed using ETABS software• And finally a self assessment is also done by considering LEED

certification standards

Self-Assessment of the Proposed Green Building

Criteria Factors Implemented Max. Points

Expected Points

• Sustainable Sites

Ground water recharge, landscaping.

26 5

• Water Efficiency Rain water harvesting, Ground water recharge, Controlled use.

10 5

• Energy & Atmosphere

100% Solar Power for homes, natural lighting.

35 30

• Material & Resources

Fly ash Bricks, HVF Concrete, Low VOC Paints, other regionally available materials.

14 11

• Indoor Air Quality

Solar control glass windows, natural ventilation by large openings and ducts.

15 10

• Innovation Building planning, awareness to public.

6 3

Total 110 64

According to the above assessment of points, our project comes in the criteria of

LEED Gold (60-70 points).

Queries?

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Thank You

KARAN SITAPARA

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