Chapter Outline Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991 ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc....
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Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present Chapter Outline Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991 © 2 0 0 6 , P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c . I. Competing Economic Models II. The Cold War: 1945-1962 III. Vietnam and Afghanistan: 1962- 1991 IV. M. S. Gorbachev and the End of Bipolarity, 1985-91 V. Decolonization
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Transcript of Chapter Outline Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991 ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc....
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present
Chapter Outline
Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991
©2
00
6, P
ears
on
Ed
uc a
tion
, In
c.
I. Competing Economic ModelsII. The Cold War: 1945-1962III. Vietnam and Afghanistan: 1962-1991IV. M. S. Gorbachev and the End of Bipolarity, 1985-91V. Decolonization
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991
©2
00
6, P
ears
on
Ed
uc a
tion
, In
c.
I. Competing Economic Models1944, Bretton Woods Conference
>United Nations44 Countries
A. A New Capitalist Framework1945 - International Montery Fund
International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (World Bank)
1947 - General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
B. The Soviet AlternativeCOMECON
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991
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6, P
ears
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, In
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Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991
©2
00
6, P
ears
on
Ed
uc a
tion
, In
c.
II. The Cold War: 1945-1962
A. The Roots of the Cold War
B. The Cold War in Europe, to 1953Yalta Conference Pact
mutual accusations of violations
by 1948, satellites:Warsaw, East Berlin, Prague,
Budapest, Bucharest, Sofia, Tirana
Germany, 1946 - Britain and U.S. merge > Bizonia
1948 - French join> divided Germany: Iron Curtain
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991
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II. The Cold War: 1945-1962
B. The Cold War in Europe, to 1953
Truman Doctrine, 1947aid to Greece, Turkey= entry into Cold WarPolicy of containment
Marshall Planaid for Europe
Dodge Plan - Japan
1948 - Russia blockades Berlinlifted, 1949
> Federal Republic of Germany, Western
German Democratic Republic, Soviet
North Atlantic Treaty Alliance, 1949
1955 - Warsaw Pact
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991
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6, P
ears
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Ed
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, In
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II. The Cold War: 1945-1962
C. China and Korea, 1949-531949 - Mao ZedongKorea split
June, 1950 - North Korea invades South
UN in, 1950-53
D. The Krushchev Years, 1953-621953 - Death of Stalin> collective leadership:
Lavrenti BeriaGeorgi MalenkovVyacheslav Molotov
1956, 21st Party Congress"Crimes of the Stalin Era"
1957 - Soviet TriumphsSputnikICBMs
E. Krushchev and Kennedy1962 - Bay of Pigs
> Soviet missiles in Cuba
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991
©2
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6, P
ears
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Ed
uc a
tion
, In
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III. Vietnam and Afghanistan: 1962-1991A. The Americanization of the
Vietnamese Civil War
Increased U.S. presence500,000 U.S. troops by 1968
1973 - Accordwithdrawal of U.S. troops
1975 - offensive from Hanoi
B. Repercussions of the U.S. Failure
1970, CambodiaCommunists take Cambodia, LaosKhmer Rouge - Pol Pot
Khmer Rouge expelled by 1994
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991
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ears
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Ed
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III. Vietnam and Afghanistan: 1962-1991
C. The USSR's Vietnam: Afghanistan1978, USSR and Vietnam's
"Friendship Treaty"President Hafizullah Amin
supported by Soviets1979, his regime threatened
December, 1979, USSR takes KabulBabrak Kamal installed
Mujahideenresistancesupported by Saudi Arabia, U.S.
1989, Soviet withdrawalCivil war continues
TalibanOsama bin Laden, al-Qaeda
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991
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6, P
ears
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Ed
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IV. M. S. Gorbachev and the End of Bipolarity, 1985-91
Mikhail Gorbachev, 1985-19911985, meeting with Reagan
> Intermediate Nuclear Forces agreement, 1987
= End of Cold War1991, Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty1989, withdrawal from Afghanistan
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991
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V. Decolonization
A. AsiaFrench Rule, Indochina (Laos, Cambodia,
Vietnam)continuesCambodia, Laos autonomous after
World War II
1945 - Ho Chi Minh, Republic of Vietnam
1946 - War1950, U.S. troops inRepublic of South VietnamSoutheast Asia Treaty Organization
(SEATO)anti-communist
B. The Middle East and North AfricaWorld War II hastens decolonization
IranMohammad Mosaddeq
oil nationalizedShah forced to flee
1954 - military coupsponsored by CIA
Tunisia, EgyptHabib Bourguiba, Abdel Gamel
Nassernationalist movements
National Liberation Front (FLN)> fall of Fourth Republic
1956 - Suez CrisisFrench, English, Israelis v. NasserU.S., Soviet Union support Nasser
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991
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V. Decolonization
C. Sub-Saharan AfricaGold Coast leads
1945, ConstitutionLegislative Council
United Gold Coast ConventionKwame Nkrumah
> Convention People's Party, 1949
1951 - CPP wins elections> 1957, Britain grants
elections> Ghana
France, Belgium, Portugal retain control
Guinea the exception Sekou Touré1958, Independence
> 13 French colonies independent
Angolaindependence
D. The United Nations: Midwife for Independence
Movements
1941 - Great Britain, U.S.1945 - Charter
51 members > 191, 2002
OrganizationSecurity Counci8lGeneral AssemblyEconomic and Social CouncilTrusteeship CouncilInternational Court of JusticeSecretariat
Secretary-general
Big FiveU.S., U.S.S.R., China, France,
Great Britain
Security Council - 11 membersBig Five permanentSix elected for two-year terms
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1991
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Fortune magazine, May, 1954
