Hans Schlager

DLR-Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Oberpfaffenhofen

Aircraft measurements in the Asian Summer

Monsoon Anticyclone – support of flight planning

by CAMS forecasts

CAMS General Assembly, Athens, 14-16 June 2016

Topics

• Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone –interesting feature to validate CAMS

• OMO aircraft campaign in 2015 with CAMS support

• Observations versus CAMS forecasts for a selected case

• CAMS forecasts for future campaigns:STRATOCLIM (2016) and EMERGE (2017, 2018).

Features:

ASM anticyclone is one of thelargest synoptical features on Earth

Isolated air mass by closedcirculation

Input of BL air by frequentdeep convection

Located over very pollutedregion – ASM cause large-scaledispersion of pollution

Area of trop-strat exchange

Alternation of combined andsplitted Tibetian and Iraniananticyclones

(Park et al. 2007)

ASMA Seasonal Picture

Calipso

(Vernier et al, 2011)

ATAL

Modes of the Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone

Modes of the Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone

Modes of the Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone

(Park et al. 2007)

ASMA Seasonal Picture

Calipso

(Vernier et al, 2011)

Questions

What are the main sourceregions of the air massesconfined in the anticyclone?

Are there sharp gradientsacross the edge of theanticyclone?

How much reactive nitrogen isin the anticyclone?

Is there enhancedphotochemistry in theanticyclone?

What is the source and natureof the aerosol layer in theanticyclone?

ATAL

Participating institutions

• Max-Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz (MPIC)

PI: Jos Lelieveld, Hartwig Harder (Coodination)

• Research Center Jülich (FZJ)

PI: Andreas Wahner (Coordination)

• German Aerospace Center, Oberpfaffenhofen (DLR)

PI: Hans Schlager

• Research Center Karlsruhe (KIT)

PI: Andreas Zahn

• University of Wuppertal (UW)

PI: Ralf Koppmann

• University of Bremen

PI: Lola Hernandez

• University of Heidelberg

PI: Klaus Pfeilsticker

• University of Leipzig

PI: Manfred Wendisch

OMO Measurement Flights

14 flights in the period21 July – 27 Aug 2015(120 flight hrs)

Region in the UT influenced by

convection and monsoon dynamics

Region with

pristine air masses

Air masses

from NA (aged

emissions)Paphos

Gan

OMO Measurements

• Emissions from naturel and anthropogenic sources(CO, CH4, NOx, SO2, NMVOC and their isotopes)

• short-lived radicals (OH, HO2, ROx, BrO)

• long-lived oxidants (e.g. O3)

• reaction intermediates (aldehydes, ketones)

• products that can be removed from the atmosphere• by deposition processes (acids, peroxides)• water vapor

• radiation

• number concentration of Aitken aerosols

Forecast / Analysis Tools

• ECMWF meteorological forecasts

• CAMS chemical forecasts

• Forecasts of air mass backward and foreward trajectories

• METEOSAT 7 imagery (IR and Vis)

CAMSCO / ppb150 hpa23 Aug 15

CAMS Forecast of CO at 150 hPa, 13 Aug 15, 12 UTC

and HALO flight route

Latitude / °N

HALO observations 13 Aug 2015 flight

(CO data : H. Fischer et al. MPI-C)

CAMS Forecast of SO2 at 150 hPa, 13 Aug 15, 12 UTC

and HALO flight route

CAMS Forecast of NOx at 150 hPa, 13 Aug 15, 12 UTC

and HALO flight route

Air mass 10-days backward trajectories

Air mass 10-days backward trajectories

Outlook: STRATOCLIM

July/Aug 2016

Kalamata

Nagpur

Sharjah

Coupling of CAMS with the DLR Mission Support

System

UserInterface

Flight planning& post-campaigndata analysis

MAPselection

WMSselection

Way pointsselection

ECMWF Forecasts coupled with the DLR Mission Tool

Qutlook: Use of CAMS Forecasts for EMERGE

in 2017 & 2018

Excess CO from Megacities / ppb

Effect of megacities on the transport and transformation of pollutants

on the regional to global scales in Europe and Asia

Conclusions

• A distinct chemical composition was observed within the ASManticyclone with sharp trace gas gradient at the edge

• CAMS forecasts were very useful for the planning of the HALOflights during OMO

• Key chemical species (e.g. NOx, SO2) were well simulated by CAMS

• An interactive tool for the CAMS forecasts would further intensifythe use of CAMS in field campaigns (e.g. coupling of CAMS withthe DLR mission tool)

• Easy access of CAMS analysis chemical data would suppportpost-campaign data analysis and comparisons

Many thanks to the CAMS team !!!

(contact: hans.schlager@dlr.de)