BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

BY

ALINA MARIAM MATHEW

1st YEAR M.SC NURSING

•What is Asthma ?

Asthma

DEFINITION

• ASTHMA IS DEFINED AS A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISORDER OF THE AIRWAYS CHARACTERISED BY REVERSIBLE AIRFLOW OBSTRUCTION CAUSING COUGH,WHEEZE , CHEST TIGHTNESS AND SHORTNESS OF BREATH

[HASLETT ET.AL – 1999]

CONTD……….

• ASTHMA IS A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY LUNG DISEASE THAT RESULTS IN RECURRENT EPISODES OF AIRFLOW OBSTRUCTION BUT IT’S USUALLY REVERSIBLE

[LEWIS – 2008 ]

INCIDENCE ??

TRIGGERS OF ASTHMA

DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION

• HISTORY COLLECTION

• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

• PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST

• SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULIN E

• SPUTUM ANALYSIS

• COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY – HRCT

• COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT

• CHEST X-RAYS

• ABG ANALYSIS

• PULSE OXYMETRY

CONTD ..

• SKIN TEST

• BRONCHIAL CHALLENGE TEST

• ELECTRO CARDIOGRAPHY

• PEAK FLOW MONITORING

• SPIROMETRY

• NITRIC OXIDE TESTING

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT

GOALS

TO CONTROL /ELIMINATE CHRONIC SYMPTOMS TO ATTAIN NORMAL LUNG FUNCTION RESTORE NORMAL LEVEL OF ACTIVITY TO REDUCE THE NUMBER OF FREQUENT ACUTE CARE

HOSPITALIZATIONS TO REDUCE SIDEEFFECTS OF MEDICATIONS TO REDUCE RECURRENT EXACERBATIONSS sss

TREATMENT OF ACUTE ATTACK

TREATMENT IN BETWEEN ATTACKS

TREATMENT OF STATUS ASTHMATICUS

DRUG THERAPY

CONTD ..

• DIETARY MANAGEMENT :-LOW MAGNESIUM , HIGH AMOUNT OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES , INCLUDE OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS AND ANTIOXIDANTS , REDUCE WEIGHT

• COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT

• POSTERIOR PULMONARY PLEXUS RESECTION• BRONCHIAL THERMOPLASTY

NURSING MANAGEMENT

NURSING ASSESSMENT

• SUBJECTIVE DATA• OBJECTIVE DATA

NURSING DIAGNOSIS

• GOALS• INTERVENTIONS

PATIENT EDUCATION

• ACTIVITY PACING

• OXYGEN THERAPY

• ASTHMA TRIGGERS

• COUGHING TECHNIQUE

• PURSED LIP BREATHING

• TENSION RELAXATION EXERCISE

• USE OF INHALERS

• NUTRITIONAL THERAPY

TRENDS AND ISSUES

• USE OF MANNITOL IN BRONCHIAL CHALLENGE TESTING• FENO GUIDED ASTHMA CONTROL IN

ROUTINE CLINICAL PRACTICE

RISK OF ANAESTHESIA IN ASTHMATICS

RESEARCH ABSTRACT

• HIGH RESOLUTION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPH IN ASTHMA • [MACHADO.D ET.AL-2009]

Betty NeumanSystems Model

MAY 6TH 2014