and the art of Business Communication - JBCA · The art of business communication, much like Zen,...

and the art of

Business Communication

March 13 (Wed) - 15 (Fri), 2013

Doshisha University Kyoto, JapanDoshisha University Kyoto, Japan

Official Conference Guide

The 12th

Asia-Pacific ConferenceThe 12th

Asia-Pacific Conference

Association for Business Communication

Association for B

usiness Com

munication - The 12th A

sia-Pacific Conference 2013, M

arch 13 - 15, Doshisha U

niversity in Kyoto, JA

PAN

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The 12th Asia-Pacific Conference

Doshisha University

Kyoto, Japan - 2013


Pre-conference workshops @Room A (2F)

Opening ceremony @Hardy Hall (B1F)

Lunch break @Restaurant, Hamac de Paradis (Kambaikan Bldg. 1F)

Lunch break @Restaurant, Hamac de Paradis (Kambaikan Bldg. 1F)

Paper presentations #01-07 @Room ABC (2F)Evening reception @Kyoto Garden Palace Hotel

Keynote speeches @Hardy Hall (B1F)

Industry visit @Hakutsuru Sake Brewering Co. Ltd. in KobeBus tour: Departs at the main entrance (Kambaikan Bldg. 1F).Box-lunch will be provided in the bus.

Arrival time may vary. Bus will make several stops at hotels on the way back.

DAY-1

Mar.13(Wed)

(Thu)

(Fri)

DAY-2

Mar.14

Registration @Kambaikan Bldg. Lobby (2F)

10:00

10:00

12:00

13:0014:0018:00

10:30

13:00

Back in Kyoto18:00

9:40

Registration @Hardy Hall, Entrance lobby (B1F) 9:10

Registration @Kambaikan Bldg. Lobby (2F) 9:10

Paper presentations #09-11 @Room ABC (2F)10:30

Closing ceremony @Room A (2F)Paper presentations #12-17 @Room ABC (2F)

Farewell party @Keishikan Bldg. Reception hall (B1F, See p.65)16:1013:00

17:00

DAY-3

Mar.15

Bertha Du-Babcock (City University of Hong Kong)10:10

Tim Craig (Doshisha Business School)11:40

Research Methods to Study Business Communication in Asia:From Research to Publication

Iris Varner (Illinois State University)East is East and West is West And Yet The Twain CAN Meet:Paths to Effective Intercultural Business Communication

Task-based Learning in the Business English Classroom: LearnBusiness English the Fun Way by Creating Your Own Company

Garr Reynolds (Kansai Gaidai University)

10:30

11:5021st Century Presentation: The Importance of Storytelling

Conference Program

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5, 3

4, 5

8, 6

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1113

-17

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337

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45-5

760

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and the art of

Business Communication

Need latest updates?

www.jbca.gr.jp/abcap/upScan the QR code, or visit

The 12th Asia-Pacific Conference in Kyoto, Japan

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Doshisha University

Kyoto, Japan - 2013


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Association for Business Communication The 12th Asia-Pacific Conference, Kyoto02

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Messages

I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to our honorable guests and participants for joining us.

“Oh, East is East, and West is West, and never the twain shall meet.”

These are the iconic words of British author and poet Rudyard Kipling. Kipling would be surprised to see that over the past few decades, our ABC members from the East and the West have been crossing both the Pacific and Indian Oceans to meet with each other. He would surely be amazed to see that such a large number of delegates from the East and the West have assembled today in this old capital town of the West.

Kyoto remains the cultural and artistic heart of the nation as well as a religious center. Your venue, Doshisha University, is sandwiched between the impressive Imperial Palace and Shokokuji Temple, one of the Five Great Zen temples. While you attend the conference, you can enjoy a stroll through these neighborhoods whilst also taking a journey through pages of history.

You can even experience Zen meditation. The art of business communication, much like Zen, is best practiced when simple, clear and focused. As Zen is about being present in the moment and free of distracting thoughts, so also is effective business communication. You will recognize, understand, and appreciate this Zen-like philosophy of simplicity while you are here with us in Kyoto.

I sincerely hope every one of you will enjoy your visit in this old capital town.

As Vice President of the Asia-Pacific Region, it gives me great pleasure to warmly welcome all of you to the 12th Asia-Pacific ABC Conference. Each year, the Asia-Pacific Region holds an international conference that provides a platform for discussions and debates among academics and professional practitioners. This interdisciplinary conference has attracted business and management communication scholars and professionals from all parts of the world.

On behalf of the Association, I would like to congratulate Doshisha Universi ty for staging this inspiring conference which includes pre-conference workshops, keynote speeches and individual paper presentations. The highlights of this annual event are the visit of Sake Brewery, evening reception with Geisha Girls, and the Best Paper Awards. All of the activities reflect the theme of this year’ s conference “Zen and the Arts of Business Communication”.

To conclude, may I take this opportunity to thank Doshisha University for its generosity in sponsoring the conference? Thanks also go to the organizing committee members for their untiring endeavor in making this conference possible. I also wish to thank the sister organizations, Japan Business Communication Association and Korean Association for Business Communication, for their support. I trust that we are all looking forward to three days of stimulating debates and exchanges among participants who represent both the East and the West perspectives from academy and industry.

Naoki KamedaConference Chair

The 12th Asia-Pacific ConferenceAssociation for Business Communication

Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan

Bertha Du-BabcockVice President

Asia-Pacific RegionAssociation for Business Communication

City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong


Doshisha University

Kyoto, Japan - 2013


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Messages

The Conference Committee of the 12th ABC-Asia Pacific Conference wishes to welcome all of you to these three eventful days, where there will be many opportunities to network with colleagues and interact with scholars in the field of business communications.

We have worked hard to make this event a valuable one for every participant. We hope that your time spent at the conference and in this beautiful ancient capital of Japan will be worthwhile, and that it will occupy a pleasant place in your memory for a long time.

There is a Japanese phrase, l inked to Zen Buddhism, that goes “ichigo-ichie.” The literal translation is “one chance in a lifetime.” I hope this conference will be your lifetime chance to get acquainted with many people and to discover new knowledge in our common research field. As we would like to make your stay as comfortable as possible, please do not hesitate to let us know if you encounter any inconvenience or have any requests during the conference.

On behalf of Japan Business Communication Association (JBCA), it is my great pleasure to extend a warm welcome to you all at the 12th ABC Asia-Pacific Conference.

Following the successful conference organized by the Korean Association for Business Communication last year in Seoul, Korea, we are happy to be able to co-sponsor this year’ s conference at Doshisha University here in Kyoto.

In light of the emerging role of the Asia Pacific Region in the world economy today, I firmly believe that research activities of business communication will flourish further throughout the region. JBCA, with its long standing history of research in business communication, wishes to extend our support in every way possible in this endeavor.

I hope that your participating in the conference is a rewarding experience and that you get a chance to meet other colleagues working in this important area! Enjoy!

Munetsugu TakedaProgram Chair

The 12th Asia-Pacific ConferenceAssociation for Business Communication

Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan

Hiromitsu HayashidaExecutive Director

Japan Business Communication Association(Former President of Association for Business Communication)

Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan

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Day-1

Workshops

@Room-AKambaikan Bldg.2F

10:00-13:00

Bertha Du-Babcock

Tim Craig

We support the 12th ABC Asia-Pacific Conference 2013.

The Mitsui Bussan Trade Promotion Foundation is an organization which aims to further trade. It was established in 1927 by the former Mitsui & Co. to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the company. The first chairman was Mr. Takashi Masuda, who was the first president of the former Mitsui Bussan. The foundation ceased to operate after the war due to the dissolution of the former Mitsui. The foundation started anew in 1989, adding projects that provide scholarships and free housing for overseas students, in order to support international exchange. Up until March 2012, it had supported a total of 303 exchange students from China, Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia, and other countries.

The foundation, authorized as a public interest-incorporated foundation by the Japanese Government on April 1st, 2012, started its new activities in support of the “Mitsui-Bussan scholarship program for Indonesia” and its scholarship students, as well as sending trainees to Japan from the universities in Australia.

Mitsui Bussan Trade Promotion FoundationFlora Building, 10-2, Nihonbashi-Ningyocho 3-chome, Chuo-ku,Tokyo 103-0013, Japan

Telephone: 03-5847-8925

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Association for Business Communication The 12th Asia-Pacific Conference, Kyoto06 Association for Business Communication The 12th Asia-Pacific Conference, Kyoto07

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WorkshopsDay-1 10:10-11:30

Research Methods to Study Business Communication in Asia: From Research to PublicationThe primary objective of the workshop is to help business communication professionals to develop research knowledge and skills in studying Asian business communication. Associated objectives are to allow participants to identify (a) research and publication possibilities and (b) colleagues for joint research projects. Workshop topics include: (a) barriers to writing and submission for publication; (b) approaches to writing for publication; (c) guidelines for submission to journals/ publishers; (d) effective response to editors’ and reviewers’ comments; and (e) strategic issues in academic publishing for non-native English speakers. The workshop will be useful for both novices and experienced researchers. Novices will have an opportunity to explore areas that are new to them; whereas, experienced researchers will share knowledge about their research work. In this interactive workshop, participants will work in small groups to identify researchable topics. The small groups will develop their research topics within the basic principles and examples of research design set forward by the workshop leader. The groups will then share their discussions with other groups. The structure for the workshop consists of three parts: (1) Workshop leader provides an overview of the workshop and highlights key principles of conducting research and writing for publication.(2) Groups engage in a circular process of small-group discussion and reporting to the whole group to explore and identify the workshop topics (see above).(3) Workshop leader consolidates the discussions and makes key generalizations about research and publication.

Dr. Bertha Du-Babcock is Associate Professor at City University of Hong Kong. She currently serves as the Vice President of Asia - Pacific Region of the Association for Business Communication (ABC). She was the recipient of the Distinguished Member Award in 2010; the Kitty O Locker Outstanding Researcher in 2008; and the Meada Gibbs Outstanding Teaching Award in 2004. She also received the Outstanding Article Award for the Journal of Business Communication in 2007 and the Outstanding Article Award for the Business Communication Quarterly in 2001. Du-Babcock is co-author of Asia Edition of Essentials of Business Communication. Her work has been published in numerous refereed journals. She is serving as Guest Editor of a Special Issue for the Journal of Business and Technical Communication on Business and Professional Communication in Asia Pacific. She is also an editorial review board member for MCQ, JBC, BCQ, and GABC, and the ATTW book series.

Research Methods to Study Business Communication in Asia: From Research to Publication

Bertha Du-Babcock (City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)

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WorkshopsDay-1 11:40-13:00

Task-based Learning in the Business English Classroom: Learn Business English the Fun Way by Creating Your Own Company

Tim Craig describes and demonstrates a task-based learning approach to Business English that he has developed and used successfully in Japanese university ESL classes. Working in teams, students create their own “virtual” companies and jobs, which become a platform for carrying out a series of tasks that mirrors what businesspeople do in the real world of building and working in companies. The approach is built on four principles: (1) learning by doing, (2) personalization, (3) unlocking student creativity, and (4) integrated practice of business concepts, skills, and language. Learning is highly personalized and taps into student creativity. Students create their own companies and jobs, which reflect and express their individual interests, ideas, and career goals. As managers of their companies, they create logos, taglines, and mission statements; design business cards; network at a trade show; decide how to price and market their products or services; conduct market research; and write and perform TV commercials. More advanced classes may include job interviews; making pitches to investors for financing; trading stocks or currencies; “greening” their businesses; and hosting foreign visitors. This all makes for a lively, student-centered classroom and a learning experience that is highly interactive, practical, and enjoyable for both student and teacher.

Tim Craig hails from Indiana, USA, but has also lived for many years in Canada and Japan.

He holds a Ph.D. in International Business & Business Strategy (University of Washington)

and a Masters degree in International Management (Thunderbird). He has 15 years’

experience teaching ESL, including Business English, in Japanese companies and

universities, and 16 years experience as a professor (teaching, research, curriculum design,

MBA Director) at the Faculty of Business of University of Victoria, Canada. His publication

record includes two books and numerous articles in academic and popular outlets, on topics

ranging from business management to Japanese pop culture. He is currently a professor in

Doshisha Business School’ s Global MBA Program, where he heads a new specialization

area called “Culture and Creativity.”

Task-based Learning in the Business English Classroom: Learn Business English the Fun Way by Creating Your Own Company

Tim Craig (Doshisha Business School, Kyoto, Japan)

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Day-2

Keynote Speeches

@Hardy HallKambaikan Bldg.B1F

10:30-13:00

Iris Varner

Garr Reynolds

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The 12th ABC Asia-Pacific Conference - Open Seminar

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Keynote SpeechesDay-2 10:30-11:40

East is East and West is West And Yet The Twain CAN Meet: Paths to Effective Intercultural Business Communication

Intercultural Business Communication is an ancient field. However, intercultural business communication as an academic discipline is rather new. This presentation will compare the Western and Eastern approach to communication and discuss how the two sides can meet in spite of cultural differences. As an academic discipline, intercultural business communication has its roots in the West. Its founders come out of the western tradition of problem solving which is based on Aristotelian Logic. Eastern thought approaches problems differently. Rather than isolating each aspect of the problems and searching for THE best solution, people are encouraged to look at the situation holistically. Eastern thought focuses on finding our essence; Aristotelian logic is more outer directed and focuses on the “best” solution. In international business these different approaches can create huge problems, and so far we have not done a very good job of reconciling the differences. Typically, both sides are encouraged to learn about each other and understand the reasoning for the other side’s world view. After they have learned about each other, they sit down and discuss their differences. But understanding the other side may not be sufficient. What, if they cannot agree? The presentation will explore several paths to overcome the hurdles of our cultural differences and suggest a new approach.

Iris I. Varner is a Professor Emeritus and Director of the International Business Institute at Illinois State University, USA. She earned the Staatsexamen from the University of Freiburg, Germany, an M.A., MBA and Ph.D. from the University of Oklahoma. She has given lectures and seminars around the globe. She was an ad hoc professor at the University of Lugano, Switzerland, the Dresden University of Technology, Germany, and Shanghai University. She served as President of the Association for Business Communication in 2000 to 2001, She received the Outstanding Membership Award and the Meada Gibbs Outstanding Teaching Award, and was named a Fellow of the Association for Business Communication. Varner authored over 100 articles. She is the author of Contemporary Business Report Writing, and co-author (with Linda Beamer) of Intercultural Communication in the Global Workplace.

East is East and West is West And Yet The Twain CAN Meet: Paths to Effective Intercultural Business Communication

Iris VarnerIllinois State University, Illinois, U.S.A.

The 12th ABC Asia-Pacific Conference - Open Seminar

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Keynote SpeechesDay-2 11:50-13:00

21st Century Presentation: The Importance of Storytelling

Garr Reynolds's famous visual and engaging

approach to presentations challenges the

conventional wisdom of making presentations

with multimedia in today’s world.

His 21st-century approach encourages you to

think differently and more creatively about the

preparation, design, and delivery of your

presentations. In his presentation Garr shares

lessons and perspectives that draw upon

practical advice from the fields of cognitive

science, communication, business, and the

traditional Zen arts.

There is no excuse for being boring ever!

Garr Reynolds is an internationally acclaimed communications consultant and the author of the best-selling “Presentation Zen.”

Garr's approach to communication takes the principles and lessons from the Zen arts and from the natural world in Japan to

reveal simple concrete tips for communicating — and living — better. His fresh approach has inspired millions to communicate

more clearly, creatively, and visually. A sought-after speaker and consultant worldwide, his clients include many in the Fortune

500. An award-winning designer, writer, and musician, he currently holds the position of Professor of Management and Design at

Kansai Gaidai University. Garr is a former corporate trainer for Sumitomo Electric Industries in Osaka, and the former Manager

for Worldwide User Group Relations at Apple, Inc. in Silicon Valley. A longtime student of the Zen arts and resident of Japan, he

lives in the beautiful countryside of Nara with his wife, two children, and two Siamese cats.

21st Century Presentation: The Importance of Storytelling

Garr ReynoldsKansai Gaidai University, Osaka, Japan

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Day-2

Presentations

@Room-ABCKambaikan Bldg.2F

14:00-17:25

Afternoon Sessions

#01-07

Norhayati Mohd Ismail National University of Singapore [email protected] Peck Kei, Peggie National University of Singapore [email protected] Poh Wai National University of Singapore [email protected]

Studies on workplace and communication needs are commonly conducted by national organizations (The Conference Board, 2006; Labour Market Dynamics Research Programme, 2007; Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, 2006). These studies highlight the skills that employers feel are needed for employees to succeed in the globalised and IT-driven economy of the 21st century. Most of the studies have focused on identifying the competencies needed for the 21st century workplace (Stark-Meyerring, 2005; Maes, Weldy & Icenogle, 1997, Martin-Young, 1995). There is, however, a dearth of studies showing how such findings have shaped curriculum design to prepare students for the workplace. Few studies describe changes made to the course design in response to these findings. This paper presents one such study. It describes how a study involving 180 professionals in the fields of real estate, property, management, construction, IT, banking , finance, insurance and education, undertaken to elicit responses regarding the relevance and importance of skills taught, was used to inform the design and re-design of specific curriculum components on professional communication courses taught at the National University of Singapore. Key findings were that interpersonal and oral skills play a major role in the workplace yet are seen as the top two barriers to effective workplace communication while emails, reports and proposals remain as very commonly written genres. These and other data from the study were used to affirm the continued emphasis on these skills as well as the move to give more emphasis to oral communication, including speaking in impromptu situations such as at meetings and interviews, where interpersonal skills are also important. This study also describes how formal and informal feedback from other stakeholders on the importance of oral communication have been responsible for the changes that the courses underwent in assessment.

Bridging the Relevance Gap in Curriculum: Listening to Industry/Stakeholders

Jolanta Aritz University of Southern California [email protected]

Robyn C. Walker University of Southern California [email protected]

Views of the importance and value of leadership vary across cultures. For example, the status and influence of leaders vary considerably as a result of cultural forces (House, Wright, & Aditya, 1997). Still much remains to be understood as to the way in which culture influences leadership and organizational processes. To what extent do cultural forces influence the expectations that individuals have for leaders and their behavior, for instance? What principles of leadership and organizational processes transcend cultures? In an effort to begin answering these questions, we collected two types of data from study participants from the United States and East Asia. The first set consisted of survey data that identified a communication style-oriented measure of leadership attribute preference and measured the participants’ attitudes about the multicultural group experience in two areas, their satisfaction with the group decision-making process and their perceived sense of inclusion and value in the process. Second, we used a conversation analysis (CA) approach developed by Sacks et al. (1974) to look at the transcript data of these multicultural groups. Our study indicates that differing discursive leadership styles can affect the participation and contribution of members and may affect their feelings of inclusion within the group. Our results also provide evidence that particular styles of and approaches to leadership may not be as successful with all cultural groups.

ReferencesHouse, R.J., Wright, N., & Aditya, R.N. (1997). Cross cultural research on organizational leadership: A critical analysis and a proposed theory. In P.C. Earley & M. Erez (Eds.), New perspectives on international and industrial/organizational psychology (pp. 535-625). San Francisco, CA: New Lexington Press.Sacks, H., Schegloff, E.A., & Jefferson, G. (1974). A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation. Language 50, 696-735.

Leading Multicultural Teams: A Discursive Leadership Approach

The Need to Determine Corporate Language Strategy Through Linguistic Auditing

Momotaro Takamori Doshisha University [email protected]

The purpose of this presentation is to discuss how a company should determine its corporate language strategy. As business becomes increasingly global, the status of the English language has risen accordingly. In light of this, some Japanese companies are adopting English as their official corporate language. However, there is an ongoing debate concerning the viability of this trend. Some argue that making English an official company language is nonsense. One company that has received such criticism is Rakuten, an internet company, which made English its official language through a process which CEO Hiroshi Mikitani calls “Englishization.” Some simply dismiss the company’s idea as meaningless because it is based in Japan, and most of the employees are Japanese. Others say that not all employees need to use English, emphasizing instead the need for workers to concentrate on cultivating more important skills needed for their jobs. However, there are no easy conclusions about this. Different companies have different goals and systems; therefore, an English-language strategy should not be dismissed as nonsense simply because a company is based in Japan. In this presentation, the presenter will use Rakuten as a case study to consider how companies should determine their corporate language strategy. The presenter will argue that a company's language strategy should not be separated from a vision and structure of the company, and should require careful analysis based on linguistic auditing.

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01Session Day-2

14:00for 25 minutes

fromMar.14 (Thu)

Room Room

A

BRoom

C

Storyboards and Persuasion in Presentations

Peggie Chan Centre for English Language Communication [email protected]

The use of storyboards in media, especially television and animation is not new (Hart, 1998). Neither is their use is education where it is seen as an “instructional, persuasive, historical and reflective action” (Wang & Zhan, 2010). This paper explores how digital storyboards, as a form of visual storytelling, is used on a module on new product development to teach Engineering students to persuade the audience of the feasibility of a product they designed. It describes the module-its objectives and student learning outcomes-and its assessment to contextualize the use put to the storyboards. The paper also reports on a small study done to evaluate students’ response to storyboards: their usefulness, skills learnt when crafting them, and difficulties encountered. Preliminary results show that students find the storyboards useful, effective, relevant and persuasive in showcasing the product they designed, despite the difficulty of creating them and the inadequacy of the training received. Students enjoyed the experience, expressing a high likelihood of using them in the workplace. They felt they learnt to design, found the best thing about storyboards being their learning to communicate in a different medium, and the worst thing being their lack of creativity. This study points to the possibility of storyboards being an alternative communicative mode in modules where persuasion features, this being in line with a focus on teaching and learning communication via multimodal means. The paper ends with a showcase of two different types of storyboards used by students to illustrate the variety that might be designed with little instruction and guidance.

ReferencesHart, J. (1998). The Art of the Storyboard: Storyboarding for Film, TV and Animation. Focal Press.Wang, S., & Zhan, H. (April-June 2010). Enhancing Teaching and Learning with Digital Storytelling, International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education, 6(2), 76-87.

Ana Lucia Magalhaes State of Sao Paulo Technological College [email protected]

Bruno Andreoni M&B Consulting

Technological colleges are normally market-oriented institutions. Programs offering majors in computer science and technology are not usually keen in teaching humanities. Most of them, however, offer a number of non-technical courses, for example, to systems analysis majors. In one particular technological college, students can enroll into a one-semester course called Communication and Expression. Topics covered include a solid review of grammar and specifics in business communications. The introduction of rhetoric in those classes for computer science students has met enthusiastic response. Some students have even sought to deepen their newly acquired knowledge. Concepts such as ethos, pathos, logos and the basics of argumentation are fairly easily learned and applied in exercises. There are signs of improvement in oral and written communication as a result of understanding and application of discursive techniques. Those improvements were measured in a controlled experiment: students were required to produce texts on the same subject before and after classes on rhetoric and the balance between ethos, pathos and logos was measured in both instances. The results demonstrate the whole point of teaching Humanities for technologists-to-be: they will be working for corporations, which are an environment that comprises a complex set of activities that will require human contact, sales being an important example. Furthermore, they will be living in society – tools are needed to be successfully part of societal development. Further research in other technological courses may confirm the importance of teaching of rhetoric in that context.

Teaching Rhetoric to Technology Majors

Paul Sinclair University of Regina [email protected]

Haithem Zourrig University of Regina [email protected]

On October 1, 2012, McDonald’s Japan abruptly removed the menus from beside the cash registers in its stores. A storm of negative attention on the social web eventually prompted a comment from the CEO of McDonald’s at a November 1 results briefing. This study explores the development of the crisis and goes on to analyze stakeholder reaction to CEO Harada Eikoh’s explanation of the service failure. We grapple with one central question. The CEO’s explanation appeared to be founded on sound, transparent business logic: Why was it so unacceptable to McDonald’s Japan patrons? This study analyses the menu crisis from the perspective of Coombs’ Situational Crisis Communication Theory (2007), and speculates why McDonald’s Japan misjudged stakeholder response. We examine a series of 1186 Japanese language Twitter comments on the popular Niconico Douga website responding to a mynavi.jp news article reporting Harada’s comments. Multiple coding of 1186 posts yielded four orientations towards the McDonald’s position: the “positive” (9%), “neutral” (27%), “negative” (49%), and “destructive” (15%). Twenty-nine percent of the “negative” and “destructive” posts criticized the CEO, and a further 15% criticized McDonald’s profit-driven structure. In October 2012, McDonald’s Japan revenues were down 7.2% over the same period 12 months prior. We conclude the persistence of alternative, challenging (and sometimes patently absurd) interpretations of the McDonald’s position showed the company crucially ignored what Coombs calls a “prior relationship history”: Tweeters worried McDonald’s Japan was changing its family-and-elderly-friendly orientation and that Harada was engineering the “de-indigenization” of the company. An unexpectedly robust twitter response to a mildly worded mainstream news article also demonstrated companies like McDonald’s cannot assume stakeholders will follow the lead of mainstream news when “framing” crises.

Coombs, W. T. (2007). Protecting Organization Reputations during a Crisis: The Development and Application of Situational Crisis Communication Theory. Corporate Reputation Review, 10(3), 163-176.

The Removal of Counter Menus at McDonald’s Japan: Managing a “Non-crisis” on the Social Web

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02Session Day-2

14:30for 25 minutes

fromMar.14 (Thu)

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Andrew Ong [email protected] Jeremy Sng [email protected] Qing Pei [email protected] Andrew Yee [email protected] Oo Lwin [email protected]

While extensive research has been conducted on how consumers perceive country-of-origin labelling and seals, few have explored the unintentional consequences as a result of such labelling. Our study addresses the gap in literature of food labelling and explores how such unintentional consequence can be mitigated. Using the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), this paper seeks to investigate how two peripheral cues – nutritional seals and country-of-origin – commonly found on food packaging affect the degree to which consumers use the central route or peripheral route to decide on their food purchase. This study will also be investigating the moderating effect of nutrition-consciousness. For nutrition-conscious consumers, peripheral cues such as nutritional seals may cause them to look for more in-depth nutrition information. For the less nutrition conscious, they may instead have less motivation to look for additional information and rely on peripheral cues to make a decision. Subsequently, they may over depend on labelling and overestimate the health benefits of a food product. The second part of our study will find out whether presence of a simplified nutrition labeling system placed on the front of packaging will affect the amount of information seeking behaviour shown. The unintended consequences of nutrition labelling, originally meant to encourage healthy eating behaviour, will be investigated in our paper. This area of research is crucial when it comes to devising new health policies, especially so when healthy eating is becoming an increasing concern globally. Using the experimental method, data is currently being collected from 360 participants, during which they will eat commercially available potato chips and cereal, and complete a survey. Data will then be analysed to confirm our hypotheses.

Seals and Country-of-Origin: The Effect of Peripheral Cues on Product Perception

Mark Pluymaekers Zuyd University of Applied Sciences [email protected]

Lotte Pieters Konaxis Group

In most countries, English is the most widely used foreign language in advertising. Although numerous studies have investigated the appreciation, comprehension and recall of English-language advertisements by non-native speakers, several issues remain unresolved. For example, the use of English is believed to have a positive effect on product image, but empirical evidence for this effect remains scarce. Furthermore, a dependent variable like Aad has been ignored by many studies, even though it has been shown to have an effect on brand attitudes and purchase intentions. This presentation reports an experiment in which Dutch participants were confronted with four advertisements that were either completely in English or completely in Dutch. Subsequently, their attitude towards the ad, their attitude towards the language used in the ad, their image of the product and their recall of the slogan were measured. The results showed that generally, the attitude scores were higher for the Dutch versions, whereas the recall scores were better for the English versions. No effects on product image were found. Since the use of English in advertising appears to have negative as well as positive consequences, advertisers should weigh the advantages against the disadvantages.

A time to enjoy or a time to remember? The differential effects of the use of English in advertisements on appreciation and recall by Dutch consumers

Tatsuya Yagi [email protected]

This is to introduce a new style of teaching Business English method in a school in Setagaya-ward, Tokyo, Japan. The school has been run by Setagaya Volunteer Center and myself to educate local citizens for Business English conversation as well as the business communication practice in the actual business scenes. This is a new challenge named “pro bono public activity” planned and carried by the center aiming to collaborate with a person who is experienced and has expertise in certain business fields to provide volunteer educational work for the local community. After my early retirement in 2011 from one of the leading financial institutions based in Tokyo, my long-time stoic concept was to lecture my overseas working experiences and English communication skill to the society. And luckily I got an opportunity to have collaboration with the local public office to open a new school in Setagaya-ward, Tokyo starting from October 2012. The students are from university students to retired businesspersons aged from 20 to over 65 years old. I have found it quite intriguing that the students’ motivations vary depending on their studying backgrounds. We have 2 classes in Saturday mornings giving 12 lessons this term ending next March to 18 students. Each lesson consists of pronunciation remarks, shadowing practice of the skit, phrase check, detailed explanation of the skit and the background of various business scenes. Through the lessons, I can also learn much from their business backgrounds and further develop my teaching skills in terms of “shadowing method”. In this presentation, I would like to take up this trendy method conducted in my lessons and how the method influences their English studies in a true meaning of BELF.

reference: “Shadowing de mimi kara kitaeru shigotode tsukau eikaiwa” Alex M. Hayashi/ Tatsuya YagiKetteiban eigo shadowing” Shuhei Kadota/ Ken Tamai

A New Style of Teaching BELF:One consideration on a grass roots English teaching method

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03Session Day-2

15:00for 25 minutes

fromMar.14 (Thu)

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Required competencies in a multi cultural job site: A case study of a community service project

Chihoko Itami Meisei University Graduation School [email protected]

Globalization has made Japanese business activities shift from simple export-import to cross-cultural collaborative works. Thus global business practitioners need to integrate multiple competencies (Norisada, 2010). However, only a handful of past studies pinpointed components of necessary multiple competencies for Japanese business practitioners (e.g., Okamoto, 2008). This study aims to identify components of required competencies from naturally occurring data in an actual job site. I pay special attention to the instances in which language and communication abilities interact. I employ ethnography of communication as an approach to investigate competencies exercised by participants, who were involved in a community service project sponsored by a university and non-government organizations. The participants’ interaction was video recorded and analyzed. The data was supplemented by interviews and field notes. The data demonstrate a participant’s inclusive leadership is composed of linguistic and communicative competencies, which was tailored to the situation. The findings indicate inclusive leadership is a fundamental element required on a job site where participants’ cultural backgrounds, mother tongues, careers and commands of English language vary. The overall findings indicate that the required integrated competencies can be better taught in hands-on types of intervention.

ReferencesOkamoto, Y. (2008). Examining the need for business communication competence in R & D departments: A case study of a pharmaceutical company. Journal of Business Communication. 67, pp. 7-14.Norisada, T. (2010). Komyunike-shon kara mieru kokusai bijinesu. In Norisada, T., Tubaki, K. & Kameda, N. (Eds.) Kokusai bijinesu komyunike-shon: kokusai bijinesu bunseki no atarashii shiten. pp. 2-18, Tokyo: Maruzen Kabushikigaisha.

Peter W. Cardon University of Southern California [email protected] Marshall Georgia College & State University [email protected] Sally Humphries Georgia College & State University [email protected] Whelan Georgia College & State University [email protected]

In this study, we examined the impact of the team listening environment on team coordination. While there is a long history of examining listening on an individual and interpersonal level in communication research, the construct of a team listening environment was only recently developed by a set of business communication scholars (Johnston, Reed, & Lawrence, 2011). They developed the Team Listening Environment (TLE) scale to identify the how team members perceive the listening environment within their work groups. We surveyed 233 full-time working professionals, including executives, mid-level managers, and entry-level managers. Using the TLE scale, we were able to identify the extent to which a team listening environment contributes to overall team coordination. Using multiple regression analysis, we found that a team listening environment is the single most important contributor to team coordination. We also found that the frequency of spontaneous meetings increased team coordination but that the frequency of scheduled meetings did not increase team coordination. Other factors such as length of employment with current employer, frequency of other forms of communication, age, and gender did not impact team coordination. Our findings reinforce the notion that team coordination is highly dependent on developing a positive and effective team listening environment. We explore the implications of this finding for team development and training. We also describe our evolving philosophy of teaching business communication as a listening-centered course.

Johnston, M. K., Reed, K., & Lawrence, K. (2011). Team listening environment (TLE) scale. Journal of Business Communication, 48(1), 3-26

The Impact of Team Listening Environment on Team Coordination

Alycia Lim Hui Ling Nanyang Technological University [email protected] O. Lwin Nanyang Technological University [email protected] Chua Min Hao Nanyang Technological University [email protected]

People smoke voluntarily despite knowing the negative effects. Over the years, there have been many studies which examined the way messages regarding smoking cessation and prevention are delivered. To add to the pool of research knowledge in how warning messages can be communicated differently for different products and intentions, this study examines the use of warning signs on cigarette packages and its effectiveness in influencing ones intention to stop smoking or to not take up smoking in Singapore. While previous studies have focused on the effects of graphic and copy messages individually and combined, this research goes further to explore the difference between self-directed and other-directed messages, to see if an individualistic or a collectivistic approach works better in an Asian context. We assessed the copy and graphic messages on cigarette packs, which were carefully selected through a pre-test. An experiment was conducted on 223 participants including both smokers and non-smokers. Results from the study showed that subjects generally respond better to graphic warning messages, which supports a similar study by Veer and Rank (2012). However, we further demonstrate that self-directed messages were more effective, compared to other-directed messages. Fear appeal also worked better with non-smokers compared to smokers. Findings from this research could assist health authorities in Singapore and Asia, in strategically designing messages that are more suited to local communities for smoking cessation and prevention

Assessing the impact of cigarette pack warning messages in marketing smoking cessation

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04Session Day-2

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Humour and laughter in business meetings: a cross-cultural study

Kazuyo Murata Ryukoku University [email protected]

The present study explores the manifestations of humour and laughter in business meetings in New Zealand and Japan. It analyzes authentic business meeting discourse from a relational perspective of communication by employing interactional sociolinguistic techniques. The conceptual frameworks employed in this study are Relational Practice, politeness in the workplace (Holmes & Marra 2004). The data consists of video/sound-recorded business meetings from a New Zealand company (approx. 370 min) and a Japanese company (approx. 710 min). The key findings of the analysis are that (1) although humor and laughter serve as Relational Practice, their manifestations are distinctive in each workplace, and (2) meeting members enact Relational Practice through humor and laughter in ways that meet the underlying expectations of each workplace. This study clearly shows that although transactional or work-related discourse is highly valued in the workplace because of its obvious relevance to workplace objectives, relational or social aspects of interaction play an equally valuable role by contributing to good workplace relations. This indicates that the relational aspects of business interaction should be taken into account in business education and that will lead to successful intercultural business. More and more empirical linguistic research on authentic business discourse is necessary in order to shed light on what is going on in interaction and make the research more illuminating.

Holmes, Janet and Meredith Marra. 2004. Relational practice in the workplace: women's talk or gendered discourse? Language in Society 33:377-398.

Nuredayu Omar Universiti Utara Malaysia [email protected]

Che Su Mustaffa Universiti Utara Malaysia [email protected]

Many studies have been conducted related to communication competencies since the last decade until now. However, the availability of the studies on communication competencies has not been explored in depth particularly in the direct selling context in Malaysia. To understand the direct sellers’ communication competencies, a conceptual framework will be built based on related literature studies. Literature reviews have shown a variety of studies on communication competencies from the behavioral and cognitive perspectives. Although numerous studies have provide understanding of communication competence in various context, there is a gap in viewing communication competencies in a more dynamic context, particularly in the process of communication of direct sellers with their potential customers. This paper attempts to discuss the importance of a dynamic research related with communication competencies by developing a conceptual framework for a direct selling as a communication process. This study will contribute to the understanding of the appropriate ways for direct sellers to conduct their business. This study could also provide better explanation on the importance of communication in conducting direct selling business in Malaysia context.

A Development of Conceptual Framework for Studying Communication Competencies among Direct Sellers in Malaysia

Analytical Procedure of Metaphorgrams: A Practical Demonstration

Toshihiro Shimizu The University of Shiga Prefecture [email protected]

This presentation will share the actual procedure of creating and analyzing a metaphorgram, a chronological visualization tool of conceptual metaphors (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980) behind the message. A metaphorgram is a novel approach to analyzing conceptual metaphors in business speeches. It is visual, statistical, and above all chronological. Conceptual metaphors are believed to disclose hidden conceptual messages delivered from the speaker to the audience. Metaphorgrams visually depict the chronological variations of these conceptual images of the speaker in a compound line-graph format. In the presentation, a brief historical, and academic outline of metaphorgrams will be introduced. The presenter will then demonstrate the step-by-step procedure to create a metaphorgram of a sample message, using “WordSmith Tools ver.5.0” (Lexical Analysis Software Ltd) and “T-Scope ver.2.0” (Shimizu & Shimokura, 2010). Using the metaphorgram obtained in the demonstration, the statistical analysis will be conducted on site to highlight the findings in the sample data. All the participants and the presenter on the floor will share the real procedure of the metaphorgram analysis together. It is expected that the experience will raise new constructive arguments about the research model.

ReferencesLakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Lexical Analysis Software Ltd., Details available at: http://www.lexically.net/wordsmith/version5/index.htmlMetaphorgram, Details available at: http://www.metaphorgram.comShimizu, T., & Shimokura, M. (2010). Developing the T-Scope (version 2.0) program for a statistical approach to business metaphor analysis, Osaka Keidai Ronshu (The Journal of Osaka University of Economics), vol.61(2), 329-343.

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05Session Day-2

16:00for 25 minutes

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The use of English as a barrier to effective intercultural communication: a case study in the Financial Sector

Mary Fischer Edinburgh Napier University [email protected]

Until recently business research into the issues surrounding the costs of and barriers to internationalization has focused on cultural barriers and their potential for conflict and misunderstanding. Most research is Anglophone and assumes that, as English is the international language of business, language itself is not an issue and that communication problems are situated in underlying cultural assumptions. This paper surveys recent research on issues relating to the use of a lingua franca, normally English, in intercultural business dealings. Earlier research with English speaking investment managers indicated that they expected their partners to speak English, but also that there might be underlying, largely unacknowledged problems with this approach. In order to explore these issues semi structured interviews were carried out by telephone with five Chinese business people who use English in their daily business transactions with international partners. The interviews were conducted by Skype or telephone by a Mandarin speaker and the conversations transcribed and translated into English. Following The results of this exploratory study confirm that the choice of language itself has considerable potential for causing conflict, and raises interlinked issues of face, harmony, hierarchy, directness and power. Furthermore, the Chinese preference for conflict avoidance and indirectness means that many of these conflicts may be hidden from the English speaking interlocutors. This has implications for monolingual English speaking businesses in their future dealings with Chinese counterparts. It also contributes to identifying potential underlying sources of conflict in these interactions.

Che Su Mustaffa University Utara Malaysia [email protected]

Hassan Abu Bakar University Utara Malaysia

Pure replication of Western studies and retesting of existing theories in Malaysia is a useful learning experience. To develop new knowledge, extended replication is a good starting point. To date, most contributions to Malaysian management research have been from extended replication studies. However, discovery of valuable and delightful knowledge will come from major breakthroughs in understanding the logic of managing and communicating in the Malaysian context. The identification of different indicators of the construct, while useful and meaningful for context-specific research, would pose challenges for cross-cultural or comparative research. Continuing efforts on contextualization in theory development may lead to the possible emergence of new constructs. Thus, this paper highlights the Malay communication characteristics in Malaysian organization as an effort to develop and validate of a psychometrically sound measure of organizational communication measurement. These studies contribute to the growing body of research on organizational communication by focusing on specific sub-cultures in a multi-racial society. The research conclude that to further Malaysian communication management research and develop valid knowledge, contextualization in measurement is not only desirable, but essential.

Contextualization in measurement: From ‘translation’ to ‘indigenization’ of organizational communication measures in Malaysian context

Listening to narratives of Japanese business persons’ language life – challenges and needs of Japanese Business users of English

Miyuki Takino University of Southampton [email protected]

This paper examines Japanese business persons’ experience and perception of use of English in the global business contexts by listing to their narratives. It explores their use of English from early in their business career, and how they change their perception about English and their skills as they mature. It also examines what challenges they have faced in their use of English, how they have dealt with such challenges, and what English competence they feel is needed to perform their tasks. The narrative stories are analysed with the framework of BELF (Business English as a Lingua Franca) (Louhiala-Salminen, Charles, & Kankaanranta 2005), which legitimise non-native English users on their own right, in comparison with current BELF studies (Louhiala-Salminen & Kankaanranta 2011; Ehrenreich 2010). Additionally, hybridity, considered as ELF users’ one of main characteristics (Jenkins, Cogo, & Dewey 2011; Kankaanranta & Planken 2010), is examined as how they use their multilingual resources of Japanese and English, to perform their international business tasks in individual and social levels. This is a preliminary report of the first phase of the research. Ehrenreich, S. (2010). English as a Business Lingua Franca in a German Multinational Corporation. Journal of Business Communication, 47(4), 408–431. Jenkins, J., Cogo, A., & Dewey, M. (2011). Review of developments in research into English as a lingua franca. Language Teaching, 44(03), 281–315. Kankaanranta, A., & Planken, B. (2010). BELF competence as business knowledge of internationally operating business professionals. Journal of Business Communication, 47(4), 380–405. Louhiala-Salminen, L., Charles, M., & Kankaanranta, A. (2005). English as a lingua franca in Nordic corporate mergers: Two case companies. English for Specific Purposes, 24(4), 401–421. Louhiala-Salminen, L., & Kankaanranta, A. (2011). Professional Communication in a Global Business Context?: The Notion of Global Communicative Competence. IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication, 54(3), 244–262.

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06Session Day-2

16:30for 25 minutes

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Turn-taking strategies in intercultural business communication

Misa Fujio Toyo University [email protected]

In intercultural business communication, it is especially difficult for non-native speakers of English to take turns freely due to linguistic constraint. In addition to linguistic competence, turn-taking is also influenced by various sociocultural factors, such as cultural traits or power relations. With regard to Japanese turn-taking behaviors, some studies (e.g., Yamada, 1990) have reported that, in collective cultures including Japan, turns are distributed relatively equally; other studies (e.g., Tanaka, 2011) have reported that turn-taking is influenced by hierarchical power or topics. This study, based on simulated business meetings consisting of Japanese business people, university students, and foreign exchange students, first identified factors influencing turn-taking behaviors; it then discussed the relationship among factors, especially, which factors are more influential—for example, whether a vertical relationship (such as senior business people with more experiences versus university students) is a more determinant factor than one’s linguistic competence or vice versa. Finally, turn-taking strategies characteristic for Japanese business people, university students, and foreign exchange students were summarized, especially in the scenes of agreeing and disagreeing. In terms of methodology, to make the analysis and interpretation as objective as possible, retrospective comments by the participants were also adopted as well as quantitative data analysis (such as floor-holding time or speech rate) and qualitative analysis (such as turn-taking strategies). As the participants included Japanese university students, suggestions for university English education are also made in terms of turn-taking behaviors.

ReferencesTanaka, H. (2011). Politeness in a Japanese intra-organizational meeting: Honorifics and socio-dialectal code switching. Journal of Asia Pacific Communication, 21(1), 60-76. Yamada, H. (1990). Topic management and turn distribution in business meetings: American versus Japanese strategies. Text, 10, 271–295.

Ebrahim Mohammed Al-Akwaa Universiti Utara MalaysiaChe Su Mustaffa Universiti Utara Malaysia [email protected] Abu Bakar Universiti Utara Malaysia

This paper is designed to investigate the interactive effect of organizational culture and Islamic principles on crisis management with regard to public and private organizations in Yemen. Organizational culture is the personality of the organization in which culture comprises assumptions, values, norms and artifacts of organizational members and their behaviors. Organizational culture is an important aspect in crisis management. As Flynn (2002) pointed out, a successful organization empowers its employees with a culture that allows them to anticipate, adapt and successfully respond to challenging events. Thus, the culture of an organization could determine how successful it is for an organization to deal with crises. For a more holistic administrative model of managing crises in a non-western setting, this paper incorporates Islamic principles into the Western model of crisis management. The paper uses a survey method to collect data from 200 public relations managers in public and private organizations in Yemen. The method of analysis is primarily quantitative in nature. The study reveals a significant relationship between organization culture and crisis management. However, Islamic principles did not have a significant effect on crisis management. Considering the important role that culture plays in managing crises, it is recommended that organizations in Yemen pay more attention to the type of culture they adopt. It is also recommended to examine the dimensions of Islamic principles to further explore the causal relationships in which Islamic principles moderate and contribute to the interactive effect concerning the relationship between organizational culture and crisis management.

The interactive effect of organizational culture and Islamic principles on crisis management in public and private organizations in Yemen

Bertha Du-Babcock City University of Hong Kong [email protected]

Hiromasa Tanaka Meisei University [email protected]

This presentation addresses issues in Asian business communication. Using empirical case approach, we analyze the factors of language and intercultural communication competence that are likely to affect successful or unsuccessful communication in Asian and global business contexts. From these specific cases, we generalize about how Asian business professionals with varying language and intercultural communication competence can develop effective communication. Case 1 describes the communication occurred between a VP of a Taiwanese multinational corporation and a Japanese country manager who were fluent English speakers. This case illustrates despite of their high English competencies and shared high-context culture, communication conflicts exist because their corporate values were different. Case 2 is based on a large-scale Hong Kong government funded research project. Case 2 examines the communication behaviors between Chinese and Japanese business professionals in intercultural decision-making meetings. The findings reveal that culture and English-language competence affects the turn-taking behaviors and topic management strategies of Japanese and Hong Kong business professionals in intercultural business meetings. Case 3 illustrates how a link-pin process develops in multilingual communication channels where the communicators possess differing levels of English-language competency. The case traces the language use in the communication process from a series of training meetings among managers from Asian branches in English to enhance its communication efficacy. Case 4 focuses on the communication of Chinese expatriates from a Mainland Chinese multinational in their overseas assignments. The study shows that while proficiency in general language and professional genres were important, having high proficiency in professional genres was the more critical factor in communication success; respect for their counterpart’s cultural values also was critical. We will conclude the presentation using a “Sushi Roll” analogy to illustrate how we envision the road to the future of Asian international business communication.

The Arts of Business Communication from Asian Perspectives

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07Session Day-2

17:00for 25 minutes

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Passing down 135 years of Doshisha history and traditionThe Imadegawa campus is located on the site where Doshisha was founded 135 years ago. The campus buildings of the Meiji era, such as the Doshisha Chapel, Shoeikan, Yushukan, Harris Science Hall, and Clarke Memorial Hall are designated as cultural properties of national importance, yet harmonize with the modern buildings on the campus which were constructed in the Taisho and early Showa eras. These buildings stand as a living museum, a testament to the history and development of university education in Japan through the years from the Meiji era to the present day.

Kambaikan Building (Main Conference Site)This building was constructed in March 2004 by totally rebuilding the old Students’ Hall in order to ensure further effective utilization of the building. The new building consolidated functions tailored to the needs of today, including law and business schools, a student support center, a career support center, a students’ welfare center and a liaison office. A broad range of people gather here for a variety of purposes, which makes it an innovative and inspiring space.


Doshisha University

Kyoto, Japan - 2013


Campus Map (p.65) #22

Imadegawa Campus, Kyoto

Doshisha at a Glance

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Day-3

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10:30-11:55

Morning Sessions

#09-11

Current Trends in Northeast Asian Negotiation Research: an Integrative Review of Articles Published 2007-2012

Joshua William Davies LAM Institute [email protected]

Negotiation research is one of the most widespread and fruitful areas of theory, study, and practice in Northeast Asian business communications. Despite this prominence, little has been done to examine overall current trends in the field. This paper attempts a Northeast Asian (defined here as the region containing greater China, Japan, North Korea, and South Korea) focused narrowing of the three-fold purpose outlined by Agndal’s negotiation research (2007): to provide a general overview of the last 5 years of research, to synthesize both quantitative and qualitative findings, and lastly, to suggest avenues for future studies. Agndal’s model of four constructs (2007) was used to separate articles for discussion purposes into negotiation context, parties, process, and outcomes. Empirical studies were collected, coded, and interpreted using standard techniques for meta-analysis (Glass, 1976) in order to extrapolate key findings regarding Northeast Asia. Qualitative studies were reviewed using Slavin’s best-evidence synthesis (1986), including the techniques of reciprocal translational synthesis for similar studies and refutational synthesis for those studies featuring conflicting results (Norbit, 1988). The analysis indicated significant areas of focus within the field of negotiation research in Northeast Asia, but also key gaps in both study methodology, and coverage. Implications include directions for future research work within Northeast Asia, comparative studies with meta-work done in other regional context, and on the job application of key findings towards improving real-world negotiation business processes.

The Fate of the Kyoto Protocol Uniqueness of Emission Trading From a Perspective of International Business Communication

Takashi Masuyama Hosei University [email protected]

There are so many methods of academic approaches to global warming issues. Many researches have been conducted on global warming issues from various aspects. Most of those researches have been focusing on environmental economy, biology, social economy, international law and/or public welfare. However, it is very rare to conduct a research from a perspective of international business communication. Especially, I try to apply buyer-seller contract communication to emission trading activities. This is the purpose of my presentation. The concept of emission trading (ET) is not well-known to public or well-defined yet. Even now, the notion of emission reduction is a vague concept, therefore miscommunication opportunities may arise between potential buyers and sellers of ET products in business negotiation opportunities. In an academic field of contract communication, I try to illustrate how ET businesses originate and practically work. The product that buyers and sellers were trading was “emission reduction” uncleanly stipulated in the United Nations’ (UN) Kyoto Protocol (1997)*, which was difficult to interpret as a commercial rule. Second, I will list up and categorize frequently-used terms and references of ET. These terms and references are most-likely used in both initial letters of intent and binding final contracts in real business negotiation process. Lastly, I briefly explain how we can perceive this type of conceptual transactions easily. My presentation is categorized in the area of either business stakeholder communication or the perspectives from the business world. * The Kyoto Protocol was an international Protocol held in Kyoto in 1997 to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

Relationship between the performance of agricultural development agents and the communicative behavior of female peasants in South Sumatra villages, Indonesia

Fauziah Asyiek University Utara Malaysia

A communicative behavior constitutes a crucial factor in improving human resources quality including that of female agribusiness peasants in rural areas. Several studies show that these female peasants are not involved in agricultural development programs and theyseldom communicate in their business activity in the village. This research was aimed identifying differences of their demographic aspects and analyzing the relationship between their agribusiness development performance and communicative behavior. The research was conducted in the Province of South Sumatra. Three counties called OganIlir, OganKomeringIlir and Banyuasin were selected through purposive sampling because they implement the same agribusiness development programs. A multistage cluster sampling was applied. Thirty groups of female peasants were selected; 450 of these peasants became the respondents. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test to identify differences in personal characteristics of the female peasants and by Pearson correlation test to measure the relationship between the performance of agricultural development agents and the communicative behavior of the female peasants. The research results show that there is a significant difference between the demography of female agribusiness peasants in terms of age, informal education, farming years and land acreage, and communicative behavior. The correlation analysis shows that there is a significant and positive relationship between the performance of agricultural development agents and the communicative behavior of female agribusiness peasants in South Sumatra villages, Indonesia.

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09Session Day-3

10:30for 25 minutes

fromMar.15 (Fri)

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Characteristics of Japanese Negotiation

Shun-itsu NAKASAKO Chuo University [email protected]

It is often said that Japanese people are not good at negotiation. I would like to investigate its causes by discussing the tendencies and the mind-set of Japanese people when they negotiate. On the other hand, Japanese people value the spirit of WA, which affects their way of doing negotiation. Seeking for priorities to fill the needs of both sides will be picked up in order to compare the weak and strong points of the Japanese people negotiating style. Small and middle size Japanese companies usually do not have much experience in doing business overseas like large trading companies. This will be discussed in connection with collectivism and individualism, and with uncertainty avoidance. Japan is categorized as high context culture but I would like to touch this issue from a different perspective. Japanese culture is not necessarily high context at any time, and I would like to talk about the misbeliefs in high and low context culture in detail at the presentation. Japan is categorized as collectivism but Japanese people do not behave as collectivists when they do not have to worry about other peoples’ eyes. This is closely related with uncertainty avoidance. The reason why the degree of uncertainty avoidance is so high among Japanese people is strongly related with collectivism. The degree of uncertainty avoidance witch is influenced by globalization will be discussed from transaction cost and opportunity cost as well.

Stephen Bremner City University of Hong kong [email protected]

Ban Phung Brigham Young University-Hawaii [email protected]

The social network LinkedIn provides both opportunities and challenges for fresh graduates seeking employment, providing a platform for them to present themselves online to prospective employers in a favourable light. Research into LinkedIn has thus far looked at issues such as website architecture (Papacharissi, 2009) or the benefits of the medium (Thew, 2008). This paper takes a different perspective, by examining how the LinkedIn texts are constructed, and considers what implications this has for preparing students who wish to use the network as part of the job search process. The study focuses on the Summary section of the LinkedIn profile, and examines the entries of forty established resumé writers to see how they present themselves through this medium. Taking a genre analytic approach (Bhatia, 1993), the study analyses the schematic structure of the genre, and looks at the linguistic strategies deployed by writers to achieve their particular rhetorical goals. LinkedIn is relatively new, and the extent to which the texts that members of the network produce can be considered stabilised genres is not yet clear. Nevertheless, the findings suggest that these Summaries display many of the features of promotional discourse, such as establishing credentials and detailing the service offered, but that these are achieved in a variety of ways, ranging from a formal, impersonal style to a more interactive, informal one. Possible approaches to teaching students how to tackle the genre are discussed.

ReferencesBhatia, V. (1993). Analysing genre: Language use in professional settings. London: Longman.Papacharissi, Z. (2009). The virtual geographies of social networks: A comparative analysis of Facebook, LinkedIn and ASmallWorld. New Media and Society, 11(1-2), 199-220.Thew, D. (2008). LinkedIn – a user’s perspective: Using new channels for effective business networking. Business Information Review, 25(2), 87-90.

Learning from the experts: An analysis of resumé writers’ self-presentation on LinkedIn

Contexting Revisited: Answering Objections Leveled at Hall’s Theories on High and Low Contexting

David A. Victor Eastern Michigan University

While Edward Hall theories on contexting are among the most-cited and authoritative in the field of

intercultural communication, the validity of his conclusions have been difficult to prove empirically. Some

scholars (Hermeking, 2006; Cardon, 2008) have suggested that Hall’s work may have lacked adequately

rigorous critiques and validation. This paper first summarizes some of the mixed results of empirical

studies on contexting over the last 25 years. Next, the paper warns about the overly rigid application of

Hall’s contexting categorization of national cultures as either high or low, without taking into account

ethnic, regional, occupational or other differences in contexting within those national categories. Finally,

the paper concludes by arguing in favor of the continued value in using contexting as a qualitative

framework for understanding cross-cultural business communication.

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10Session Day-3

11:00for 25 minutes

fromMar.15 (Fri)

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Organizational Storytelling for Changing or Strengthening Corporate Strategy, Brand, and Culture

Janis Forman UCLA Anderson School of Management

Much attention has been devoted to storytelling for leadership training and development of communication skills, but with some exceptions (e.g., studies by Daphne Jameson and Cees Van Riel) storytelling at the enterprise level has received short shrift in the communication literature. In this presentation, I share my key findings about organizational storytelling and its relationship to corporate strategy, brand, and culture. My new book, Storytelling in Business: The Authentic and Fluent Organization (Stanford UP, February 1, 2013) is the basis for the discussion. To discover the relationship, I conducted over 140 interviews with professionals ranging from CEOs in small and thriving firms, to corporate communication and digital media experts, to filmmakers, and developed four business cases (Schering-Plough, Chevron, FedEx, and Philips). In the presentation, I will discuss the cases as they illustrate the links between storytelling and the important organizational activities of changing or strengthening strategy, brand and culture, and will present a research-driven framework for engaging in organizational storytelling. Both the cases and the framework are important for business and education. For business practitioners, the study provides an approach to thinking systematically about how stories can function at the heart of an organization’s core activities. For educators in business communication, the study offers insights about the central role of storytelling to organizational activity. For students, the study challenges them to see how the cases and the framework may relate to their own circumstances at work.

Communication of expatriate workers in Japan

Kashii Fukaya Meijo University [email protected]

Through two surveys conducted in 1998 and 2008, communication problems of expatriate full-time

workers with work visa in Japan are clarified and the causes are discussed in aspects of the satisfaction,

stress and intercultural communication at work. As satisfaction inducing factors, the salary ranked highest

in 1998 whereas it was replaced by the work content in 2008. Both surveys shows quite high satisfaction

rate to their work in Japan, especially to the salary and the work content.

As of the stress, the highest stress causing factor was long work hour such as less paid holidays in 1998.

In 2008, long work hour is not the highest stress causing factor anymore, as being replaced by a complaint

to a limited promotion chance. In 2008 the communication problem does not stay in the diversity

understanding, but, it evolves more workers rights in Japanese corporate culture, asking for equality for

promotion, work, wage and diverse career development. I will discuss the intercultural communication

problems in Japanese workplace in more details.

Valerie Priscilla Goby Zayed University [email protected]

Catherine Nickerson Zayed University [email protected]

In the past decade there has been a shift from Arabic towards English in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), initially as a result of the presence of the oil and gas industry and more recently in response to the need for a business lingua franca that can be understood by most of the 220 different cultures that are currently estimated to be living in the country. Our study will show that for the majority of Emirati nationals, while Arabic remains the language in the home, Business English as a Lingua Franca (BELF) is now the de facto language of commerce. It would therefore appear that for international businesses, a successful strategy in the UAE would be to target the retail market using cheap labor from countries such as India and the Philippines, on the assumption that customers will be happy to comply in completing their transactions in English. The aim of the study will be to explore the validity of this assumption, with particular reference to Emirati consumers as an economically powerful group of Muslim consumers with increasing buying power that can be compared to other similar local populations around the Gulf Region. We will report on a survey of Emirati nationals in Dubai, together with observational data, and in doing so we will seek to answer the question, how does the consideration of the "customer language" affect international retail?

Language and culture in the context of international retail: A study of the multicultural commercial hub of Dubai

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11Session Day-3

11:30for 25 minutes

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13:00-15:55

Afternoon Sessions

#12-17

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Hiromasa Tanaka Meisei University [email protected] Mineo Mitsuhashi Institute for International Business Communication (IIBC) [email protected] Niishima Institute for International Business Communication (IIBC) [email protected]

Japanese human resource development for intercultural business communication has been mainly oriented toward linguistic competence, which has led to certain communicative issues for practitioners; an alternative way of viewing competence in business communication is called for. Past research found various linguistic and non-linguistic elements contributing to competence in business communication. Such elements include management of power relationships by speakers’ choice of specific modal verbs and silences (Handford, 2010), turn frequency and topic management (Du-Babcock, 2006), and decision making protocols (Tanaka, 2008). Such elements in language competency were studied in segregated fields of research. Training and development professionals who attempted to combine these notions across various disciplines faced epistemological paradoxes. This research aims at re-contextualizing business communication competence in English language using the qualitative analysis of can-do statement data from a TOEIC Can-do Guide (2008). Tasks in the can-do statement survey have been analyzed employing Knowledge Skills Analysis (Pucel, 2001) employed in Human Resource Development research. Results show that there are two non-linguistic competencies also critical for business practitioners -- inquiry and initiative -- that key performers and leaders need to combine with their linguistic competence.

ReferencesChauncey Group (1998). TOEIC Can-do guide. Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service.Du-Babcock, B. (2006) An Analysis of topic management strategies and turn-taking behavior in a Hong Kong bilingual environment: The impact of culture and language use. Journal of Business Communication, 43, 21-42. Handford, M. (2010). The Language of Business Meetings. London: Cambridge University PressPucel, D. J. (2001) Beyond vocational education: career majors, tech prep, schools within schools, magnet schools & academies. Larchmont, N.Y. : Eye On Education

Business competence: Qualitative analysis of the Can-do statement

Complaint management discourse

Yeonkwon Jung Kansai Gaidai University [email protected]

This study aims to investigate complaint management discourse. Special attention has been paid to corporate image restoration strategies in response to the customer’s complaint to poor services. The theoretical basis for the study is Benoit’s (1995, 1997) image repair strategies, as the fullest form of the apologetic strategies may come from Benoit’s work articulated through image repair theory, which focuses on what a firm says when faced with a crisis. The theory of image repair introduces five superstrategies with twelve substrategies of image restoration. These overall strategies can be summarized as Avoidance statement (e.g. shift the blame; evasion of responsibility; reduction of offensiveness) and Accommodative statement (e.g. compensation; corrective action; mortification). A variety of complaint management writing samples expects to clarify the realization of the two statements for corporate image restoration purposes. The key to understanding complaint management discourse is to consider the nature of an accusation that demands responses from the accused for proper choices of image restoration strategies. This study exemplifies the claim that the proper understanding of the nature of accusation is a key to image repair discourse.

ReferencesBenoit, W.L. 1995. Accounts, excuses, and apologies: A theory of image restoration strategies. Albany: State University of New York Press. Benoit, W.L. 1997. Image repair discourse and crisis communication. Public Relations Review 23(2): pp. 177-186.

The differences of demographic factors on superior-subordinate communication, relationship quality, work stress and communication satisfaction at the prison department of Malaysia

Kamsiah Kamin University Utara Malaysia

Demographic factors affect the superior-subordinate communication, relationship quality, work stress and communication satisfaction in an organization. This study aims to identify whether there are differences between the demographic factors and research variables, namely superior-subordinate communication, relationship quality, work stress and communication satisfaction. The selected 447 respondents were from eight correctional institutions consisting of officers ranked from Prison Superintendants to Prison Warder. The sampling method used in the study was stratified random sampling. The statistical analyses used to test the differences in demographic factors on variables were T-tests and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed the differences in terms of race and marital status on superior-subordinate communication. Meanwhile, for relationship quality, there were differences in terms of race, marital status, education background and designation. Sex and marital status differed in terms of work stress among the respondents. Marital status and designation differed in terms of the respondents’ communication satisfaction. Generally, it can be said that the single Malay respondents had a low perception on superior-subordinate communication and relationship quality. The single male respondents faced a higher level of work stress compared to female and married respondents. In addition, the single respondents holding junior officers’ posts had a low perception on communication satisfaction.

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12Session Day-3

13:00for 25 minutes

fromMar.15 (Fri)

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Hadina Habil Universiti Teknologi Malaysia [email protected]

Rohayah Kahar Universiti Teknologi Malaysia [email protected]

The study was carried out to identify how social media was used in the business by entrepreneurs. It was also to examine the ways social media was utilized to build trust with customers in the course of doing business. This is because social media has been widely used in business in many aspects, such as to network socially, promote products, and get new customers. This study adopted the qualitative method which is interview. A few budding entrepreneurs who have been actively using social media were interviewed. The data was transcribed and analyzed using content analysis. Results were described and explained to get the picture. The research discovered that entrepreneurs used social media that is Facebook to build image with their customers; to network with people who can add value to their business such as suppliers and vendors; and to find opportunity to do joint venture and business expansion. In addition, Facebook was also used to create engagement with customers in order to develop brand loyalty. Besides, in trying to build trust with customers, entrepreneurs were able to use Facebook features such as sharing fan page, creating or inviting events, and posting updates on products. The ease of uploading photos/videos also enhances the probability of providing attractive visuals of the products being promoted. The results of this research would enable training modules for small business entrepreneurs be prepared on how to utilize social media such as Facebook to get customers engagement at no cost or lowest cost. This can spur training in the areas of internet marketing and the use of social media in business. Language training on how to effectively promote products on social media could also be developed and organized for small and medium scale entrepreneurs.

References:Alampay, E. E., (2008). Filipino entrepreneurs on the Internet: when social networking websites meet mobile commerce. Science Technology Society. 13:211.Neergard, H., (2005). Networking activities in technology-based entrepreneurial teams. International Small Business Journal. 23: 257.

Trust building using social media among entrepreneurs

The rhetoric of the wooden managerial language

Stoica-Marcu Georgeta Ovidius University

The wooden managerial language has it's own rhetoric, based on the ones of magical rituals in which the like-wise produces like-wise and a part values as much as the whole. The loads that the manager has in the communication process are numerous and heavy. At this point, the manager will employ his whole range of speech expressibility. Such situations have determined some managers to resort in their speeches to the so called wooden managerial language*, adapted to achieving their own goals. Aspects regarding the rhetoric of the wooden managerial language can be the general inflated style,pompous words, hyperbolas at the beginning of the speech, intimidation by calling upon authority, utilizing euphemisms, badly built metaphors and chaining metonimies. The wooden managerial language has a deeper meaning: on one hand, to calm, soothe the employees and stock-holders, sometimes the managers themselves and, on the other hand, it doesn't send information like other means of communication, but only to communicate, with the purpose of hiding the lack of information or to hide or to deform the information. Thus, the general purpose of the wooden managerial language is, at least from the users perspective, to motivate the employees and to invite them to take part. * The term is widely used in the work of the French Gilbert P. and Gillot Cl. <<Management des apparences et magie du verbe>>

Wonsun Shin Nanyang Technological University [email protected] Pang Nanyang Technological University [email protected] Jung Kim Nanyang Technological University [email protected]

Facebook has become increasingly incorporated into business communication strategies. However, few studies have examined how global corporations utilize Facebook and what features on Facebook elicit positive responses from consumers. This study analysed 89 active Facebook Pages and 1,792 corporate wall posts maintained by top global corporations. Results show that consumers’ liking of Facebook Pages is positively associated with their liking of individual wall posts. Wall posts containing product/service information are more likely to be shared and liked by consumers than wall posts containing news about the company, new offerings, and the industry. Wall posts soliciting brand/product ideas from consumers are more likely to generate a higher number of responses than those featuring polling/voting, open-ended questions, and sentence completions. When it comes to posting formats, posts with static images without text were preferred to text-only, text + graphics, and text + multimedia. However, our analysis also revealed that the aforementioned features associated with positive outcomes (e.g., product information, idea solicitation, and the graphic-only format) were rather underutilized. Six out of ten Facebook wall posts did not contain any user-engagement features. In addition, information found on Facebook posts was more of company-related than product-related. Our findings are consistent with previous studies suggesting that organizations are not taking full advantage of the Facebook applications to enhance their social networking presence (Men & Tsai, 2011; Waters et al., 2009). This study provides practical implications on how to use the social media platform strategically.

ReferencesMen, L.R. & Tsai, W.S. (2011). How companies cultivate relationships with publics on social networking sites: Evidence from China and United States. Public Relations Review (2011), doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2011.10.006 Waters, R.D., Burnett, E., Lamm, A., & Lucas, J. (2009). Engaging stakeholders through social networking: How non-profit organizations are using Facebook. Public Relations Review, 35, 102-106.

Global Corporations’ Use of Facebook: Utilization and EffectivenessRoom

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13Session Day-3

13:30for 25 minutes

fromMar.15 (Fri)

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Jean L. Bush-Bacelis Eastern Michigan University [email protected]

Marcos O. Bacelis Independent Consultant

A fundamental base of effective business and managerial communication comes from the literature of listening. Hynes (2011) suggests that listening is critical for managerial competency. Of course we know that listening and hearing are not the same and we know that listening competency may be improved. There are barriers to preventing effective listening including motivation, willingness, internal and external noise, detouring, debating and time (Hynes.) Collins (2009) suggests that to be good listeners, we should consider the factors that influence our interpretation of events and surroundings, including attitudes, values, and culture. One’s culture determines how and why we listen and perceive. As we are nurtured in our cultures, we learn which clues are important. Varner and Beamer (2010) suggest that culture determines the hierarchy in which we perceive. For example a high context individual is likely to place more meaning and to listen to the surroundings, the setting, and the tone, whereas, a low context person will place more meaning and will listen to the importance of the actual words. For example, in Japanese culture, “The listener has to decipher the parts that have been left unsaid.” (Kameda, 2012) In addition to culture, self-awareness can also affect listening. To have greater self-awareness or understanding means to have a better grasp of reality (Dalai Lama.) Strengthening one’s awareness of self and of culture may lead to more efficient listening. This paper will illustrate a model for understanding the role of culture in listening and by implication how to shape a message for an intercultural or cross-cultural audience. It will also address the importance of self-awareness and self-management as they apply to listening and culture. Finally it will include multiple cultural examples illustrating how to use this model in cultural training and education.

A proposed model for understanding the role of culture in listening.

May I help you?: An analysis of cross-cultural service encounters

Jon S.Y. Hui The University of Hong Kong [email protected]

Service encounters for a customer often start with making a call to the company or an organisation’s call centre, and the quality of the customers’ experience in this context can directly influence the reputation and success of a business. Establishing rapport with customers is a good start to a satisfactory service encounter. This paper investigates communication strategies employed by customer service representatives (CSR) of call centres at the start of a call, where the right approach is vital to the success of the call as a whole. Applying the rapport management framework (Spencer-Oatey 2000), linguistic features of two call centres in the Asia-Pacific region are analysed. Focussing on the opening of the calls and the forms of address used by the participants, I provide a number of authentic examples to illustrate the linguistic features evident in establishing and maintaining rapport between the CSR and their customers. Two contrasting approaches are identified by the analysis. It can be argued that the differences in communication strategies and language used are influenced by professional contexts, cultural and social practices. Findings of the study have strong implications on design of business and professional communication training courses.

ReferenceSpencer-Oatey, H. (Ed.). (2000). Culturally speaking: Managing rapport through talk across cultures. London: Continuum.

A Study of the Relation between a Copyright and SNS in Japan

Takehisa Kobayashi Wako University [email protected]

SNS has become a huge component of providing many kinds of information. But it tends to increase a

breach of the Copyright Act. In Japan, the copyright law was made amendments to match new technology

last year. To protect copyright is important but to stagnate expansion of SNS is not good policy. For

example, IOC permitted a top athlete to tweet or post after their events. With quick information, businesses

could promote products and services, obtained instant response, and increased fans at the London Olympic.

This presentation explains basic situation of copyright law in Japan. Secondly, analyzes some problems

of SNS usages. And finally, provides new idea about the relation between a copyright and SNS in Japan.

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14Session Day-3

14:00for 25 minutes

fromMar.15 (Fri)

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Communication audits for managing organizational communication problems in Japanese care facilities

Ikushi YAMAGUCHI Meiji University [email protected]

The present study explores how to manage communication problems in Japanese care facilities which could affect the quality of care work. Although there are many communication-audit studies in various organizations such as a health-care organization (Hargie & Tourish, 2000) and schools (Zwijze-Koning & de Jong, 2009) in the US and Europe, few communication audits have been conducted in any organizations in Japan. So, a communication audit of 1,415-minutes of semi-structured interviews in total was performed for 32 Japanese care workers at ten facilities in Tokyo, Japan in early September, 2012. The interviewees were each interviewed for about an hour. The qualitative data suggest that there are various communication problems and different ways to manage them. Communication problems included information overload and difficulties in communicating information appropriately between workers. For example, a representative of the facility that had experienced difficulties in communicating information between workers stated that workers tended to rely only on oral communication for sending messages and did not record them in writing and were not good at using PC software and IT-media. On the other hand, workers in facilities that could manage information overload well utilized PC software and IT-media effectively; participated in a training program for sending information efficiently; could participate in every-day meetings where each worker could communicate interpersonally with each other; and held various kinds of staff meetings. These results suggest that communication management for emphasizing interpersonal communication and proper utilization of PCs is effective in dealing with communication problems.

ReferencesHargie, O., & Tourish, D. (2000). Charting communication performance in a healthcare organization. In O. Hargie & D. Tourish (Eds.), Handbook of communication audits for organizations (pp. 195-209). New York: Routledge.Zwijze-Koning, K., & de Jong, M (2009). Auditing management practices in schools: Recurring communication problems and solutions. International Journal of Educational Management, 23(3), 227-236.AcknowledgmentThe author would like to acknowledge the support of grant B (24330177) [2012-2016] from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan.

The Role of Self-perceived Effectiveness of Identity Construction on Facebook in Face-to-Face Communication at Workplace

Danielle Ka Lai Lee City University of Hong Kong [email protected]

Dynamics of social networking sites (SNSs) have been constantly reshaping the landscapes of communication. Among all, Facebook has been in the limelight because of its enormous population. As of October 2012, Facebook has one billion active users monthly. This ever-flourishing SNS has been intriguing researches on identity performance. However, studies examining connections between self-perceived effectiveness of identity construction on Facebook and workplace communication are scanty at most. The current study intends to investigate if the self-perceived effectiveness influences face-to-face communication at workplace and how the perceptions created in virtual interaction affect real-life business communication, for both cases of perceived effective and ineffective identity constructions. Data would be collected from 30 Facebook owners with colleagues in networks. The participants would be administered to a survey addressing their demographic data, activities and interaction with colleagues on Facebook. They would be invited to log in their accounts and showcase recent updates. In-depth interviews would also be conducted to probe their satisfactions regarding colleagues’ feedback and sense of fulfillment, and to explore their attitudes and practices of face-to-face communication with colleagues afterwards. Preliminary findings showed that self-perceived effectiveness could predict rapport building at workplace. Contrarily, if the construction was perceived as ineffective, though business communication would not be worsened, the participants’ desires of explicit self-disclosures on Facebook would be dampened. The study would deepen understanding about how virtual world and reality are strongly linked together with self-perception coming into play. Besides, it has implications in building business rapport via networking virtually. For example, Facebook can be used strategically to unite newcomers into business teams.

References:Facebook: Newsroom. (2013). Company Info: Key Facts: Statistics. Retrieved Jan 8, 2013, from http://newsroom.fb.com/Key-Facts. Zhao, S., Grasmuck, S., & Martin, J. (2008). Identity construction on Facebook: Digital empowerment in anchored relationships. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(5), 1816-1836.

Lee, Sang-Chul Sungkyunkwan University [email protected]

Kang, Kyoung-Soo Tongmyong Univestity [email protected]

For the first time in Korean history, mock trial debate course is opened at SungKyunKwan University in

2012, as an undergraduate course. This paper is to introduce the development of mock trial debate

education at Korean colleges and universities. First, it introduces curriculum of mock trial debate courses at

the SungKyunKwan University as an example. Second, it discusses social and cultural variations of the

Korean mock trial debate curriculum in comparison to those courses in the U.S. Third, in establishing the

mock trial debate course, it discusses social and cultural constraints and obstacles of the various academic

administrative perspectives. Fourth, it discusses future of the courses and examines needs and expectations

of Korean business students for mock trial debate courses.

Establishment of mock trial debate course as an undergraduate course in Korean college: Social and cultural constraints and its educational future for business students

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Intercultural Based Communication Zones in International Business Communication

Richard D. Babcock University of San Francisco [email protected]

This presentation explains and illustrates the concepts of intercultural based communication zones. This

concept is an addition that broadens language-based communication zones model. International business

communicators can use this concept to guide them in becoming more effective and efficient in intercultural

exchange in international business communication. The explanation includes (a) how cultural differences

activate intercultural based communication zones; (b) how to use Victor’s LESCANT model to

systematically detect cultural differences; (c) why and how the intercultural communication process differs

in corporative and hostile zones; and (d) why and how adjustment patterns and information exchange

potential differs in six intercultural based corridors. The illustration is a case study of Japanese – US

business communication.

Findings from the Chinese and Japanese Zen traditions: how to make business communication succinct

NOZUE, Yuji Chuo University [email protected]

Purpose of this study: Ascertain certain characteristics of Zen Buddhist teaching and interpersonal communication methods, which can be applied to business communication in order to make it succinct and to the point. Research methodology: case method. Key findings: Chinese Zen Buddhist teachers for the last one thousand years had been exercising significant impact on Japan, where local Buddhist monks further advanced their training and teaching methods as based on the Chinese inspirations. Continental Zen teachers had been inspiring many monks in Japan since the Kamakura period all the way through to the Meiji era. Among them, several individuals had notably unusual methods, including both verbal and nonverbal, in communicating with fellow monks and students. While some examples are too exoteric for application in the contemporary business circumstances, others remain quite useful and valid even today. Examples like ascertain immediately who the host is and who the guest, or getting awakened by being given identical nonverbal gestures three times in succession, are not only interesting, but also useful. Implications: Chinese and Japanese Zen Buddhist teachers and students have been practicing surprisingly succinct verbal/nonverbal communication methods in conjunction with meditations. This approach can be usefully applied in the efforts to improve both high-context and low-context business communication exercises, in today’s globalizing world.

Augustine Pang [email protected] May O. Lwin [email protected] Vikneshwaran [email protected] Yanping Yeo [email protected] Xu [email protected] Hui Zyi Lee [email protected] Nanyang Technological University

An enduring image from the Sichuan earthquake in China in May 2008 which killed more than 69, 000 people and left 4.8 million people homeless was that of the country’s leader visiting the destruction sites and weeping openly with the victims. As a result, Chinese Prime Minister Wen Jiabao became known as the “crying prime minister” (Jacobs, 2008). Current crisis studies have recommended organizations to focus on crisis response (Diers & Pang, 2011). A gap remains to understand the extent in which rhetoric can be accompanied by display of emotions. Can words of comfort, when uttered by organizational leaders like the CEO, be accompanied by appropriate display of emotion like sobbing? Emoting conceivably is a double-edged sword: While it may demonstrate empathy, qualities that would win the respect of stakeholders (Jin, Pang, & Cameron, 2012), it may inadvertently reveal the CEOs’ vulnerability, traits stakeholders may not appreciate from leaders. This study examines the range of emotions displayed by CEOs and how this affects audience perceptions of the leadership and the organization. The authors studied the emotions displayed by CEOs in three simulated crisis media conferences in October 2012 where there was organizational culpability in a health crisis resulting in loss of lives. Findings showed that emotions were communicated through such nonverbal cues as well as through verbal cues like the use of emotion-laden words. This study hopes to offer practical insights on the extent in which it is acceptable to stakeholders for CEOs to emote.

Selected referencesDiers, A., & Pang, A. (2011). Rhetoric or Remorse? An analysis of BP’s structure of apology in the Gulf Coast oil spill. Proceedings of the 2nd International Crisis Communication Conference, 181-221.Jacobs, A. (2008, May 21). In quake, apotheosis of Premier ‘Grandpa”. New York Times. Retrieved from http://www. nytimes.com/2008/05/21/world/asia/21wen.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 Retrieval date: Dec 7, 2012.

Crying with victims during crises: How CEOs emoting impact stakeholder perceptions of organization

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May O. Lwin [email protected] Augustine Pang [email protected] Lim [email protected] Cassandra Shu Qin Aw [email protected] Si Ying Chan [email protected] Jolene Christina Ng [email protected] Nanyang Technological University

During crises, one way organizations connect with stakeholders is by organizing media conferences to communicate updates (Coombs, 2012). While studies have examined what organizations should do to influence journalists through information subsidy in order to obtain favourable media coverage (Fearn-Banks, 2011; Phillips, 2012), no study has examined the role scents can play in enhancing journalists’ perceptions. Scent is closely linked to emotion (Herz & Cupchik, 1992), and can create positive sentiments. This study explores how ambient scent injected into the atmosphere during the media conference can create positive mood states and enhance message recall among journalists through the theoretical lens of the psychology framework, Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) paradigm. The paradigm posits that a stimulus (S) elicits different responses (R) from the organism (O), depending on the state of the organism (Woodworth, 1992). The study was carried out at four simulated crisis media conferences at a large research-intensive university in October 2012. Press conferences #1 and #2 were unscented, while press conferences #3 and #4 were scented with an arousing, pleasant scent. Surveys were subsequently conducted among the journalists to test for mood, organizational, spokesperson and crisis evaluation. Findings showed a strong effect between scent and journalist evaluation. We found that the scented conditions had a positive effect on journalists’ mood. Consequently, they evaluated the organization as managing the crisis well and sincere in making reparations. The spokespersons were also perceived as more credible. The findings of the study offer a new dimension on how organizations can communicate more effectively with one of its key stakeholders – the media.

Selected referencesHerz, RS., & Cupchik, G. (1992). An experimental characterization of odor-evoked memories in humans. Chem. Senses (1992) 17 (5): 519-528. doi: 10.1093/chemse/17.5.519Woodworth, R.S. (1992).The future of clinical psychology. 1937. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 60 (1), 16–17.

Promoting positive perceptions during crises:Effects of scents on journalists’ evaluations of the organization

Hyejung Chang Kyung Hee University [email protected]

Jonathan C. Lee University of Windsor [email protected]

In many conflicts in business communication, apology and forgiveness are essential for reconciliation and conflict resolution. Both managers and scholars have strong reason to understand the human response of apology in different degrees and under different circumstances as a possible influencer of punishment of employees for violating workplace rules. Based on the equity theory, we surmise that as the seriousness of the violation increases the offender will be required to express more elaborate apology to reduce the punishment. This study analyses the effect of apology on subsequent disciplinary action, considering different levels of elaborateness of apology and severity of outcomes. A 3x2 factorial design of two independent variables was analyzed with 262 participants using ANOVA. Overall, this study provided empirical evidence to partially support the claim that apology leads to less punishment. Although there was no statistically significant support for apology's effect on a 6-item composite of disciplinary action, the effects of apology on individual items such as dismissal showed significance. There was also support for the effects of severity of outcome on the level of disciplinary action recommended. Rather practically, the findings of this study can be implied to managerial practices such as the employer-customer interface. It was hoped that the present study would begin to shed some light on the issue of under what circumstances the apology is effective in reducing punishment. The results of the present study demonstrate that the issue of apology's effect on discipline is more complex than once thought. Thus greater consideration should be taken in efforts to achieve a better understanding of its effects.

Impact of elaborateness of apology and severity of outcome on subsequent disciplinary action

Hospitality upon World Principal Cities’ Websites: An analysis from Business Communication

Yukio Hisashima Osaka Prefecture University [email protected]

In 2012 at Kyunghee University, Seoul, Korea, I made presentation about the differences of state-level municipal governments’ websites in US, Japan and Korea, among the others, focusing upon the measures facilitating access by socially vulnerable, such as foreigners, the aged and the visually handicapped. During the course of 2012 and by way of contrast, I noticed that all Japanese municipal governments had multilingual websites and most of them had taken measures facilitating access by socially vulnerable to their websites, including text sizes, colors and speeches by automated voices. This year, I have changed the objects of my research to city-level municipal governments’ websites consisting of 10 in Japan, 10 in Asian countries other than Japan, 10 in Europe, 10 in North America and 10 in other regions, which sums up the 50 cities in total, all known as cities of tourism. The purpose of this newest research of mine is to identify languages used and measures facilitating socially vulnerable, and to analyze differences among the cities, in comparison with the websites, from the viewpoint of Business Communication. I have actually visited all of the 50 cities’ websites during the dates between Dec.7 to 21, 2012. This newest research has given me these new facts as follows. - Many Japanese cities take measures facilitating access to their websites by socially vulnerable. - On the other hand, cities other than Japanese cities are not so enthusiastic to have such measures. These facts have shown that Japan’s principal cities are eager to provide socially vulnerable with hospitality and led me to be confident to conclude that at least in the world of websites, Japanese Hospitality has advantage to attract tourists from overseas.

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17Session Day-3

15:30for 25 minutes

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Doshisha ChapelDesignated a national important cultural propertyThis American-Gothic brick building, with its iron-sheet thatched roof, was constructed in 1886 following a donation from the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. It was designed by D.C. Green and is the oldest brick Protestant chapel in existence in Japan, as well as being a symbol of the history and the spirit of Christianity at Doshisha.

Clarke Memorial HallDesignated a national important cultural propertyThe construction of the Clarke Memorial Hall was made possible by a contribution from American missionaries Mr. and Mrs. B.W. Clarke. It is a stately and magnificent building based on the German Neo-Gothic style, and its unique steeple has become a symbol of Doshisha. It was named the Clarke Seminary when first established in 1894 and made the center of theological education and research.


Doshisha University

Kyoto, Japan - 2013




Doshisha at a Glance

Time First Author Coauthor(s) Presentation Title

Fauziah Asyiek Relationship between the performance of agricultural development agents and thecommunicative behavior of female peasants in south Sumatra villages, Indonesia9 - A 10:30-10:55

9 - B Joshua WilliamDavies

Current Trends in Northeast Asian Negotiation Research: an Integrative Review ofArticles Published 2007-2012

9 - C Takashi Masuyama The Fate of the Kyoto Protocol Uniqueness of Emission Trading From a Perspective ofInternational Business Communication

10 - A 11:00-11:25

10 - B Stephen Bremner Ban Phung Learning from the experts: An analysis of resumé writers’ self-presentation on LinkedIn

10 - C Shun-itsuNAKASAKO Characteristics of Japanese Negotiation

11 - A 11:30-11:55 Janis Forman Organizational Storytelling for Changing or Strengthening Corporate Strategy, Brand,and Culture

11 - B Valerie PriscillaGoby

Catherine NickersonLanguage and culture in the context of international retail: A study of the multiculturalcommercial hub of Dubai

11 - C Kashii Fukaya Communication of expatriate workers in Japan

12 - A 13:00-13:25 Hiromasa Tanaka Mineo Mitsuhashi,Toshihide Niishima Business competence: Qualitative analysis of the Can-do statement

12 - B Yeonkwon Jung Complaint management discourse

12 - C Kamsiah KaminThe differences of demographic factors on superior-subordinate communication,relationship quality, work stress and communication satisfaction at the prison departmentof Malaysia

13 - B

13:30-13:5513 - A

Hadina Habil Rohayah Kahar Trust building using social media among entrepreneurs

13 - C Stoica-MarcuGeorgeta The rhetoric of the wooden managerial language

14 - A 14:00-14:25 Jon S. Y. Hui May I help you?: An analysis of cross-cultural service encounters

14 - B Jean L. Bush-Bacelis

Marcos O. Bacelis A proposed model for understanding the role of culture in listening

14 - C TakehisaKobayashi A Study of the Relation between a Copyright and SNS in Japan

15 - A 14:30-14:55 Danielle Ka Lai Lee The Role of Self-perceived Effectiveness of Identity Construction on Facebook in Face-to-Face Communication at Workplace

15 - B Lee, Sang-Chul Kang, Kyoung-Soo Establishment of mock trial debate course as an undergraduate course in Korean college :Social and cultural constraints and its educational future for business students

15 - C Ikushi Yamaguchi Communication audits for managing organizational communication problems in Japanesecare facilities

16 - A 15:00-15:25 Augustine PangMay O. Lwin, Mano Vikneshwaran,Yanping Yeo, Jinghui Xu, Hui Zyi Lee

Crying with victims during crises:How CEOs emoting impact stakeholder perceptions oforganization

16 - B Richard D. Babcock Intercultural Based Communication Zones in International Business Communication

16 - C NOZUE, Yuji Findings from the Chinese and Japanese Zen traditions: how to make businesscommunication succinct

17 - A 15:30-15:55 May O. LwinAugustine Pang, June Lim,Cassandra Shu Qin Aw,Gerlynn Si Ying Chan, Jolene Christina Ng

Promoting positive perceptions during crises:Effects of scents on journalists’ evaluationsof the organization

17 - B Hyejung Chang Jonathan C. Lee Impact of elaborateness of apology and severity of outcome on subsequent disciplinaryaction

17 - C Yukio Hisashima Hospitality upon World Principal Cities’ Websites: An analysis from BusinessCommunication

Wonsun Shin August Pang,Hyo Jung Kim Global Corporations’ Use of Facebook: Utilization and Effectiveness

David A. Victor Contexting Revisited: Answering Objections Leveled at Hall’s Theories on High andLow Contexting

Day-3

Toshihiro Shimizu Analytical Procedure of Metaphorgrams: A Practical Demonstration

7 - C Bertha Du-Babcock Hiromasa Tanaka The Arts of Business Communication from Asian Perspectives

1 - A 14:00-14:25 Norhayati MohdIsmail

Chan Peck Kei Peggie,Ho Poh Wai Bridging the Relevance Gap in Curriculum: Listening to Industry/Stakeholders

1 - B Jolanta Aritz Robyn C. Walker Leading Multicultural Teams: A Discursive Leadership Approach

1 - C MomotaroTakamori The Need to Determine Corporate Language Strategy Through Linguistic Auditing

2 - A 14:30-14:55 Peggie Chan Storyboards and Persuasion in Presentations

2 - B Ana LuciaMagalhaes

Bruno Andreoni Teaching Rhetoric to Technology Majors

2 - C Paul Sinclair Haithem Zourrig The Removal of Counter Menus at McDonald’s Japan

3 - A 15:00-15:25 Andrew Ong Jeremy Sng, He Qing Pei,Andrew Yee, May Oo Lwin Seals and Country-of-Origin: The Effect of Peripheral Cues on Product Perception

3 - B Mark Pluymaekers Lotte Pieters A time to enjoy or a time to remember? The differential effects of the use of English inadvertisements on appreciation and recall by Dutch consumers

3 - C Tatsuya Yagi A New Style of Teaching BELF: One consideration on a grass roots English teachingmethod

4 - A 15:30-15:55 Alycia Lim Hui Ling May O. Lwin,Jacky Chua Min Hao

Assessing the impact of cigarette pack warning messages in marketing smokingcessation

4 - B Peter W. CardonBryan Marshall, Sally Humphries,Catherine Whelan


4 - C Chihoko Itami Required competencies in a multi cultural job site: A case study of a community serviceproject

5 - A 16:00-16:25 Nuredayu Omar Che Su Mustaffa A Development of Conceptual Framework for Studying Communication Competenciesamong Direct Sellers in Malaysia

5 - B

5 - C Kazuyo Murata Humour and laughter in business meetings: a cross-cultural study

6 - A 16:30-16:55 Che Su Mustaffa Hassan Abu Bakar Contextualization in measurement: From ‘translation’ to ‘indigenization’ oforganizational communication measures in Malaysian context

6 - B Mary Fischer The use of English as a barrier to effective intercultural communication: a case study inthe Financial Sector

6 - C Miyuki Takino Listening to narratives of Japanese business persons’ language life – challenges andneeds of Japanese Business users of English

7 - A 17:00-17:25EbrahimMohammedAl-Akwaa

Che Su Mustaffa,Hassan Abu Bakar

The interactive effect of organizational culture and Islamic principles on crisismanagement in public and private organizations in Yemen

7 - B Misa Fujio Turn-taking strategies in intercultural business communication

Day-2 Time First Author Coauthor(s) Presentation Title

Conference Index - Sorted by Sessions

(Notice) Presentation schedule may change without notice. Please check the latest updates at the registration desk, or visit http://www.jbca.gr.jp/abcap/up

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Association for Business Communication The 12th Asia-Pacific Conference, Kyoto61Association for Business Communication The 12th Asia-Pacific Conference, Kyoto60

Releasedfrom

Bunshindo Publishing

English has been a major communication tool for global business. Prof. Kameda explores a new horizon of internatinal business communication in English, and proposes his novel approach that encourages business communicators to go beyond the boaders of their global perspective.

Author: Naoki KAMEDA, Ph.D.ISBN 978-4-8309-4643-1

International Business English & Communication Reconsidered

Conference Index - Sorted by First Authors


4 - A 15:30-15:55 Alycia Lim Hui Ling May O. Lwin,Jacky Chua Min Hao

Assessing the impact of cigarette pack warning messages in marketing smokingcessation

2 - B 14:30-14:55 Ana LuciaMagalhaes

Bruno Andreoni Teaching Rhetoric to Technology Majors

3 - A 15:00-15:25 Andrew Ong Jeremy Sng, He Qing Pei,Andrew Yee, May Oo Lwin

Seals and Country-of-Origin: The Effect of Peripheral Cues on Product Perception

16 - A 15:00-15:25 Augustine PangMay O. Lwin, Mano Vikneshwaran,Yanping Yeo, Jinghui Xu, Hui Zyi Lee

Crying with victims during crises:How CEOs emoting impact stakeholder perceptions oforganization

7 - C 17:00-17:25 Bertha Du-Babcock Hiromasa Tanaka The Arts of Business Communication from Asian Perspectives

6 - A 16:30-16:55 Che Su Mustaffa Hassan Abu BakarContextualization in measurement: From ‘translation’ to ‘indigenization’ oforganizational communication measures in Malaysian context

7 - A 17:00-17:25EbrahimMohammed Al-Akwaa

Che Su Mustaffa,Hassan Abu Bakar

The interactive effect of organizational culture and Islamic principles on crisismanagement in public and private organizations in Yemen

4 - C 15:30-15:55 Chihoko ItamiRequired competencies in a multi cultural job site: A case study of a community serviceproject

15 - A 14:30-14:55 Danielle Ka Lai LeeThe Role of Self-perceived Effectiveness of Identity Construction on Facebook in Face-to-Face Communication at Workplace

10 - A 11:00-11:25 David A. VictorContexting Revisited: Answering Objections Leveled at Hall’s Theories on High andLow Contexting

9 - A 10:30-10:55 Fauziah AsyiekRelationship between the performance of agricultural development agents and thecommunicative behavior of female peasants in south Sumatra villages, Indonesia

13 - B 13:30-13:55 Hadina Habil Rohayah Kahar Trust building using social media among entrepreneurs

12 - A 13:00-13:25 Hiromasa Tanaka Mineo Mitsuhashi,Toshihide Niishima

Business competence: Qualitative analysis of the Can-do statement

17 - B 15:30-15:55 Hyejung Chang Jonathan C. LeeImpact of elaborateness of apology and severity of outcome on subsequent disciplinaryaction

15 - C 14:30-14:55 Ikushi YamaguchiCommunication audits for managing organizational communication problems inJapanese care facilities

11 - A 11:30-11:55 Janis FormanOrganizational Storytelling for Changing or Strengthening Corporate Strategy, Brand,and Culture

14 - B 14:00-14:25 Jean L. Bush-Bacelis

Marcos O. Bacelis A proposed model for understanding the role of culture in listening

Session

1 - B 14:00-14:25 Jolanta Aritz Robyn C. Walker Leading Multicultural Teams: A Discursive Leadership Approach

14 - A 14:00-14:25 Jon S. Y. Hui May I help you?: An analysis of cross-cultural service encounters

9 - B 10:30-10:55 Joshua WilliamDavies

Current Trends in Northeast Asian Negotiation Research: an Integrative Review ofArticles Published 2007-2012

12 - C 13:00-13:25 Kamsiah KaminThe differences of demographic factors on superior-subordinate communication,relationship quality, work stress and communication satisfaction at the prisondepartment of Malaysia


11 - C 11:30-11:55 Kashii Fukaya Communication of expatriate workers in Japan

5 - C 16:00-16:25 Kazuyo Murata Humour and laughter in business meetings: a cross-cultural study

15 - B 14:30-14:55 Lee, Sang-Chul Kang, Kyoung-SooEstablishment of mock trial debate course as an undergraduate course in Korean college:Social and cultural constraints and its educational future for business students

3 - B 15:00-15:25 Mark Pluymaekers Lotte PietersA time to enjoy or a time to remember? The differential effects of the use of English inadvertisements on appreciation and recall by Dutch consumers

6 - B 16:30-16:55 Mary FischerThe use of English as a barrier to effective intercultural communication: a case study inthe Financial Sector

17 - A 15:30-15:55 May O. LwinAugustine Pang, June Lim,Cassandra Shu Qin Aw,Gerlynn Si Ying Chan, Jolene Christina Ng

Promoting positive perceptions during crises:Effects of scents on journalists’ evaluationsof the organization

7 - B 17:00-17:25 Misa Fujio Turn-taking strategies in intercultural business communication

6 - C 16:30-16:55 Miyuki TakinoListening to narratives of Japanese business persons’ language life – challenges andneeds of Japanese Business users of English

1 - C 14:00-14:25 Momotaro Takamori The Need to Determine Corporate Language Strategy Through Linguistic Auditing

1 - A 14:00-14:25 Norhayati MohdIsmail

Chan Peck Kei Peggie,Ho Poh Wai

Bridging the Relevance Gap in Curriculum: Listening to Industry/Stakeholders

16 - C 15:00-15:25 NOZUE, YujiFindings from the Chinese and Japanese Zen traditions: how to make businesscommunication succinct

5 - A 16:00-16:25 Nuredayu Omar Che Su MustaffaA Development of Conceptual Framework for Studying Communication Competenciesamong Direct Sellers in Malaysia

2 - C 14:30-14:55 Paul Sinclair Haithem Zourrig The Removal of Counter Menus at McDonald’s Japan

2 - A 14:30-14:55 Peggie Chan Storyboards and Persuasion in Presentations

4 - B 15:30-15:55 Peter W. CardonBryan Marshall, Sally Humphries,Catherine Whelan


16 - B 15:00-15:25 Richard D. Babcock Intercultural Based Communication Zones in International Business Communication

10 - C 11:00-11:25 Shun-itsuNAKASAKO

Characteristics of Japanese Negotiation

10 - B 11:00-11:25 Stephen Bremner Ban Phung Learning from the experts: An analysis of resumé writers’ self-presentation on LinkedIn

13 - C 13:30-13:55 Stoica-MarcuGeorgeta

The rhetoric of the wooden managerial language

9 - C 10:30-10:55 Takashi MasuyamaThe Fate of the Kyoto Protocol Uniqueness of Emission Trading From a Perspective ofInternational Business Communication

14 - C 14:00-14:25 TakehisaKobayashi

A Study of the Relation between a Copyright and SNS in Japan

3 - C 15:00-15:25 Tatsuya YagiA New Style of Teaching BELF: One consideration on a grass roots English teachingmethod

5 - B 16:00-16:25 Toshihiro Shimizu Analytical Procedure of Metaphorgrams: A Practical Demonstration

11 - B 11:30-11:55 Valerie PriscillaGoby

Catherine NickersonLanguage and culture in the context of international retail: A study of the multiculturalcommercial hub of Dubai

13 - A 13:30-13:55 Wonsun Shin August Pang,Hyo Jung Kim

Global Corporations’ Use of Facebook: Utilization and Effectiveness

12 - B 13:00-13:25 Yeonkwon Jung Complaint management discourse

17 - C 15:30-15:55 Yukio HisashimaHospitality upon World Principal Cities’ Websites: An analysis from BusinessCommunication

Session

(Notice) Presentation schedule may change without notice. Please check the latest updates at the registration desk, or visit http://www.jbca.gr.jp/abcap/up

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Association for Business Communication The 12th Asia-Pacific Conference, Kyoto63Association for Business Communication The 12th Asia-Pacific Conference, Kyoto62

Newly Releasedfrom

Nikkei Publishing

Fluency in English Language is not always a key to successful communication. Prof. Kameda introduces the important clues to avoid intercultural misunderstandings, especially for international business people who learn and use English everyday.

Author: Naoki KAMEDA, Ph.D.ISBN 978-4-532-31830-7

Why your fluent English does not communicate

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The 12th

ABC Asia-Pacific Conference 2013The 12th

ABC Asia-Pacific Conference 2013

Conference Committee

Conference Chair Naoki (Nick) Kameda, Doshisha University

Program Chair Munetsugu (Mike) Takeda, Doshisha University

Accounting Managers Ken Naganuma, Doshisha University Yukio Hisashima, Osaka Prefecture University

Publicity & Registration Managers Toshihiro (Toshi) Shimizu, The Univ. of Shiga Prefecture Momotaro (Momo) Takamori, Doshisha University Morihiro Shirouzu, Doshisha University

Doshisha University: Karasuma Higashi-iru, Imadegawa-dori, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8580 JAPAN / Phone: +81-75-251-3120 / http://www.doshisha.ac.jp/

Japan Business Communication Association

Official Conference Guide

Publisher The 12th ABC Asia-Pacific Conference CommitteeSupervisors Nick Kameda, Conference Chair Mike Takeda, Program Chair

Copy & Art Director and Graphic Designer(All DTP work & Zen title calligraphy) Toshi ( ) Shimizu, Publicity ManagerHardworking Proofreaders ABC-AP2013 Seven Samurai volunteers!Special Thanks to Yukari (Riho & Mari) Shimizu

Official Website

Supervisor Mike Takeda, Program Chair

Web Designer, Programmer, and Manager Toshi ( 2 ) Shimizu, Publicity Manager

http://www.jbca.gr.jp/abcap [email protected]

Seven Samurais at the 6th committee meeting, Dec 27, 2012

Welcome to Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan

Home of the 12th

ABC Asia-Pacific Conference 2013

1 Amherst House 2 Koenkan 3 Keimeikan 4 Amherst Guest House 5 Taishinkan 6 Divinity Hall 7 Chienkan 8 Yushukan 9 Kofukan10 Meitokukan11 Tokushokan12 Clarke Memorial Hall13 Shiseikan14 Fusokan 15 Harris Science Hall16 Chapel17 Library18 Shoeikan29 Neiseikan20 Kobukan21 Hakuenkan22 Kambaikan23 Ikushinkan24 Rinkokan25 Shinmachi Student Union26 Shinmachi Student Union27 Keisuikan28 Jinshinkan29 Keishikan30 Ryoshinkan31 Shikokan

Conference Site(Kambaikan Bldg.)

SubwayImadegawa

Sta.

SubwayImadegawa

Sta.

Farewell Party,15th(Keishikan Bldg.) To South: Evening Reception,14th (Kyoto Garden Palace Hotel, 15-min walk)

#1 Exit#1 Exit

#2 Exit#2 Exit

#4 Exit#4 Exit

#3 Exit#3 Exit

#6 Exit#6 Exit

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and the art of Business Communication - JBCA · The art of business communication, much like Zen,...

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