ÄîÈÑéâÅÈ ãÖß Â×àÓÅàÓàÈÌáåÆ‹Ë¯ÈéÌ âÓìÜÃË³ÃÓêæÆ...

�ÓèÃÀÜÌ - ÓéÊîÌà 2008

×àÖßÅàÌ ÀßÅéÀçà ãÖß ÎñàæÓò

ÄîÈÑéâÅÈ ãÖß Â×àÓÅàÓàÈÌáåÆ‹Ë¯ÈéÌ âÓìÜÃË³ÃÓêæÆ ãÁ×ÃæÆÇßÍïÖê (Å. Î. Î. Öà×)

ÜßäÌÖàÈ ÄèÌËß×íÃÅà1, äÝŠ À×àÃÈëÀ1, âÖìÜÃ ÈëÀÉ×ñàÌ1

ÍíÈÂèÈØÇ§

Ë³ÃÓêæÆ ãÓŠÌâÓìÜÃâÁÈÑïÈÜÇ, É´ÃÔïŠËàÃËéÈÉàâ×èÌÉíÀÅÞÃåÉ‹ ÁÜÃãÁ×ÃæÆÇßÍïÖê, ÓêâÌºÜ Ë¯ËèÃÚíÈ 83,970 ÝÉ, Â×àÓÙàãÙ‹ÌÁÜÃÑíÌÖßâÓìÜÃ ÎßÓàÌ 11 ÂíÌ/1 ÀéäÖÉàãÓèÈ.

ÏíÌÀàÌÂ¿ÌÂ×òà ÅßãÈÃåØ‹âØèÌÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌßÁÜÃÈéÌ âÓìÜÃË³ÃÓêæÆ ÂìÈ¨ÃÖîŠÓÌ¸:

ÆèÍÑßÇàÀÜÌË¯ÈéÌ ÁÜÃâÓìÜÃË³ÃÓêæÆ ãÍŠÃÜÜÀâÎèÌ 4 Ú×ÈÈéÌ Âì: Fluvisols, Leptosols, Acrisols ãÖß Cambisols, 10 ÎßâÑÈÈéÌ ãÖß 26 Øí×ÙŠ×ÇÈéÌ.

äÈÇË³×æÎãÖ‹× ÈéÌÓêÂîÌÌßÑàÍÈê ÓêÍàÃÎßâÑÈÈéÌâÎèÌÀíÈÜŠÜÌ, pH Éœ, ÀàÌãÖÀ ÎŠÞÌÎßÄîÈŠàÃÉœ (CEC) ÀàÌÜ¯ÓÉí×ËàÃÈ‹àÌÎßÄîÈŠàÃ (BS) ãÉŠÉœ ØàÎàÌÀàÃ, ÓêÍàÃËàÈ ÜàØàÌ âÆ¨Ì: ÜéÌÆê×èÈÊî (OC), åÌäÉâÄÌÖ×Ó, ËàÈäÎÉàÈÆÞÓÖßÖàÇ–åÌÍàÃÎßâÑÈÈéÌ Á‹ÜÌÁ‹àÃÅïÃ (äÈÇÅßâÑàß ãÓŠÌÆ´ÌÈéÌÙ‹à).

–1ÅïÌÂ¿ÌÂ×‹àË¯ÈéÌÀßÅéÀá

The Lao Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

January - June 2008

2

Soil characteristic and land use in Thongmixay district, Sayaboury province, LAO P.D.R.

Ho Quang Duc�, Luong Duc Toan�, Anolath Chanthavongsa�

Abstract

Thongmixay is a mountainous district, located in the southward of Sayaboury province, with total area of 87,970 ha and population density is around 11 people per one square kilometre.

Research results showed the soil characteristic in Thongmixay district as follows:

Soil resources of the district are classification 4 major soil groupings: Fluvisols, Leptosols, Acrisols and Cambisols divided into 10 soil units and 26 soil subunits.

In general soils have rather high quality some common soil characteristic are normally aid, low pH, low cation exchangeable capacity (CEC). Base saturation (BS) and total exchangeable basic cations content are low to medium. However, some characteristics such as organic carbon content (OC), total N, available potassium in some soil types are quiet high (especially in surface horizon).

1Agriculture Land Research Center (ALRC)



1. ÍíÈÌá:

Ë¯ÈéÌÎïÀÐèÃ ãÓŠÌÆèÍÑßÇàÀÜÌË¯Îß âÅêÈ åÌÀàÌÏßÖéÈÀßÅéÀá ÅáÖèÍËîÀƒÎßâËÈ åÌËíñ×äÖÀ ãÖß ÓèÌÀçÓêÂ×àÓãÉÀÉŠàÃÀèÍ ÆèÍÑßÇàÀÜÌÜèÌÜ²Ìƒ. ÀàÌÌáåÆ‹Ë¯ÈéÌË¯ âÚàßÅíÓ, ÓêÎßÅéÈËéÏíÌ ãÖß ÇìÌÌàÌ ãÓŠÌ ÍèÌØàË¯ÅáÂèÌ ÅáÖèÍÀàÌÈáÖíÃÆê×éÈÁÜÃÓß ÌîÈ Í¡ÑÞÃãÉŠåÌÎßÄîÍèÌ ÀçÂìåÌÜßÌàÂíÈ.

âÑ²ÜÍèÌÖîÄîÈÎßÅíÃÁ‹àÃâËéÃ ×ÞÀÃàÌÅçà Û×È, ÉêÖàÂàÆèÍÑßÇàÀÜÌË¯ÈéÌ É‹ÜÃæÈ‹Êì âÎèÌÅáÂèÌ ãÖß ÓêÀàÌÖíÃËìÌÔŠàÃâÚàßÅíÓ, ÆëñÃ âÎèÌÌ±ÃåÌÍèÌÈàÑºÌÊàÌÛèÀ. âÑ²ÜÅ‹àÃÇîÈËß ÅàÈ ÀàÌÌáåÆ‹Ë¯ÈéÌË¯âÚàßÅíÓ ãÓŠÌÉòÜÃ ÓêÀàÌÅ‹àÃãÏÌË¯ÈéÌ äÈÇÏŠàÌÀàÌÅáÛ×È ãÖß ÄáãÌÀÈéÌ, Ê‹àÀàÌÄèÈÎßâÑÈÈéÌ Í¡Óê Â×àÓãÌŠÌÜÌ ÄßâÝèÈåØ‹×éËêÀàÌÌáåÆ‹ ãÖß ÎèÍÎîÃÈéÌ ÏéÈÑàÈ, âÝèÈåØ‹ÈéÌâÆ²ÜÓäÆÓ ãÖß ÓêÂ×àÓØÇî‹ÃÇàÀ åÌÀàÌÎèÍÎîÃÈéÌ.

ÀàÌÅëÀÅà ãÖß Â¿ÌÂ×òàÈéÌ ÔïŠ Å.Î.Î. Öà× â×¿àÖ×Ó ãÖß ÔïŠâÓìÜÃË³ÃÓêæÆ â×¿àÅß âÑàß ÇèÃÍ¡ËèÌÓêäÂÃÀàÌåÈË¯Â¿ÌÂ×òàÖíÃâÖéÀ âË²Ü. –È¨ÃÌòèÌ, åÌËŠàÓÀàÃË¯ÓêÀàÌÝŠ×ÓÓì Öß ØŠ×àÃ ÅßÊàÍèÌÈéÌ ãÖß ÐîŠÌ Ø×ÞÈÌàÓ ãÖß ÅßÊàÍèÌ Â¿ÌÂ‹×à ×éËßÇàÅàÈ âÉèÀÌéÀ ÀßÅé Àá ãÖß ÎŠàæÓò Å.Î.Î. Öà× ãÖß ãÁ×ÃæÆÇß ÍïÖê, æÈ‹ÈáâÌêÌÀàÌÅáÛ×ÈÅëÀÅàÈéÌ âÓìÜÃ Ë³ÃÓêæÆ ãÌåÅŠâÑ²ÜÝèÍåÆ‹ÇîÈËßÅàÈ ÀàÌ ×àÃãÏÌÀàÌÑèÈËßÌà ÀßÅéÀá ãÖß ÎŠàæÓ‹ ÁÜÃâÓìÜÃ åÌÜßÌàÂíÈ.

2. âÌºÜåÌ ãÖß ×éËêÀàÌÂ¿ÌÂ×òà:

2.1 âÌºÜåÌ:

ÌáåÆ‹×éËêÀàÌÄáãÌÀÈéÌÁÜÃ FAO-UNESCO-WRB âÑ²ÜÈáâÌêÌÀàÌÄáãÌÀ ÈéÌ, Å‹àÃâÎèÌãÏÌË¯ÈéÌ âÓìÜÃË³ÃÓêæÆ åÌÓàÈ ÉàÅŠ×Ì 1: 50,000 ãÖß ãÌßÌáËéÈËàÃÀàÌ ÌáåÆ‹ÎßâÑÈÈéÌÉ¿ÌÉç.

2.2 ×éËêÀàÌ:

ÌáåÆ‹×éËêÀàÌÅáÛ×È, ÍèÌËëÀÁîÓÈéÌ, ×éåÄÉí×ÔŠàÃÈéÌ, ÄáãÌÀÈéÌ ãÖß Å‹àÃãÏÌË¯ ÈéÌ ÉàÓÖßÍíÍÀàÌÄáãÌÀÈéÌ ÁÜÃ FAO-UNESCO-WRB.

- ÀàÌÅáÛ×ÈÈéÌ: æÈ‹ÎßÉéÍèÈÉàÓÂïŠÓì Å‹àÃãÏÌË¯ÈéÌ ÓàÈÉàÅŠ×Ì ÎàÌÀàÃ ãÖß åØÇñ (ÀßÆ×Ã ÀßÅéÀá Ø×ÞÈÌàÓ 1985).

- ÀàÌÍèÌËëÀ ÝïÍÎßÑèÌÁÜÃÈéÌ: æÈ‹Îß ÉéÍèÈÉàÓÂïŠÓìãÌßÌá ÁÜÃ FAO (Guidelines for soil Description FAO, 1990).

- ÀàÌ×éæÄÉí×ÔŠàÃÈéÌ: ÎßÉéÍèÈÉàÓ×éËêÀàÌ×éæÄÉí×ÔŠàÃÈéÌ ÁÜÃ FAO/ISRIC (Proce dures for soil Analysis ISRIC, 1986-87).

- ÀàÌÅ‹àÃ–âÎèÌ–ãÏÌ–Ë¯: Ìá–åÆ‹–âÂ²ÜÃ–ÂÜÓ –Ñê–×–âÉê –âÑ²Ü–ÁêÈ–ÁÜÍ–âÁÈ, –ãÉ‹Ó –ãÖß Ñê–Ó–âÎèÌ–ãÏÌ–Ë¯.


January - June 2008

�

3. ÏíÌ–ÁÜÃ–ÀàÌ–Â¿Ì–Â×òà –ãÖß ÅíÌËß Ìà:

Ë³Ã–Óê–æÆ –ãÓŠÌ–âÓìÜÃ ÑïÈ–ÜÇ ÔïŠ–ËàÃ–ËéÈ–Éà –â×èÌ–ÉíÀ–ÅÞÃ–åÉ‹ ÁÜÃ–ãÁ–×Ã–æÆ–Çß–ÍïÖê, ÌÜÌ–åÌ–ÑàÀ–Éà–â×èÌÉíÀ ÁÜÃ–ÑàÀ–âÙìÜ Å.Î.Î. Öà×, Óê–âÌºÜË¯– ËèÃÚíÈ 83,970 ÝÉ, Óê 15 Í‹àÌ –ãÍŠÃ –âÎèÌ 3 –âÁÈ–ÎíÀ–ÂÜÃ, Óê–ÑíÌÖß–âÓìÜÃ– ÎßÓàÌ 8,666 ÂíÌ, Â×àÓÙà–ãÙ‹ÌÁÜÃ–ÑíÌÖß–âÓìÜÃ 11 ÂíÌ/1 Àé–äÖ–Éà–ãÓèÈ (Îê 2005).

3.1 ÅßÑàÍ–ÑºÌË¯:

âÓìÜÃË³Ã–Óê–æÆ Óê–âÌºÜË¯– ÎßÓàÌ 1/4 ÁÜÃ –âÌºÜË¯–ËçàÓßÆàÈ, –âÎèÌ–âÁÈ–ÑïÈ–ÜÇ Óê–Â×àÓ–ÅïÃ– À×Šà 1,000 ãÓèÈ ÄàÀÙ‹à ÌŸËßâÖ (ASL), ÀßÄàÇ–ÔïŠ–ËàÃ–ÑàÀ–Éà–â×èÌ–ÜÜÀ –ãÖß ÑàÀ–Éà–â×èÌÉíÀ–ÅÞÃ–âÙìÜ ÁÜÃ–âÓìÜÃ. –âÌºÜË¯–Ñï–Éœ Øà ÎàÌ–ÀàÃ (Â×àÓ–ÅïÃ–ãÉŠ 700 Ó - 1,000 Ó) À×Ó–ÛàÇ–À×ñà 2/4 ÁÜÃ–ÑºÌË¯ Àß–ãÄÀ–ÀßÄàÇ–Ë³×–âÓìÜÃ, ÍèÌÈà–Ñï–ÉŠàÃƒ –ãÓŠÌ–ÎßÀÜÍ–Á¹ÌÈ‹×Ç–ØêÌÈéÌÙÞ×, ÓàÀ–Óà –ãÖß ØêÌÎïÌ. –âÌºÜ–Ë¯–ÈéÌ–ãÂÓ–ÌŸ– Á‹ÜÌ–Á‹àÃ–ÝàÍ–ÑÞÃ, À×Ó–ÑÞÃ–ãÉŠ 1/4 ÁÜÃ–ÑºÌË¯, ÀßÄàÇ–ÔïŠ–ÉàÓ–ÁíÃ–âÁÈ–ãÓŠ–ÌŸ– –ãÖß ÝŠÜÓ–Ñï, –åÌ–ÑºÌË¯–È¨Ã–ÀŠà× –Óê–ÎßÆàÆíÌ–ÈáÖíÃ–Æê–×éÈ–ÔïŠ–ÛàÇ– –ãÖß –ãÓŠÌ–ÑºÌË¯–É¿ÌÉç –âÑ²Ü–Ìá–åÆ‹–âÁ¿à–åÌ–ÀàÌÏßÖéÈ–ÀßÅéÀá.

3.2 ÅßÑàÍ–ÑïÓ–ÜàÀàÈ:

–âÓìÜÃ–Ë³Ã–Óê–æÆ –Óê–ÑïÓ–ÜàÀàÈ–Ý‹ÜÌ, ÆîŠÓ ÖíÓ–ÎßÄá–ÖßÈï–âÁÈ–Ñï–ÑÞÃ (Â‹àÇ–Âì– ãÁ–×ÃâÆêÌ–Öà ÁÜÃ–Ø×ÞÈÌàÓ); –åÌ–ÎêÌ±Ã Óê 2 ÖßÈï– Äß–ãÄ‹Ã, ÖßÈï–ÐíÌ –âÖ¸Ó–ãÉŠ– âÈìÜÌÑëÈ–ÅßÑà (5) Øà

–âÈìÜÌÉîÖà (10) –ãÖß ÖßÈï–ãÖ‹Ã –âÖ¸Ó–ãÉŠ –âÈìÜÌÑß–ÄéÀ (11) Øà– âÈìÜÌ–âÓÅà (4) Îê–É¡–Óà. ÜîÌ–ØßÑïÓ –Åß–âÖ¨Ç/Îê 25.5 çC, ÅïÃ–ÅîÈ–âÈèÈ–ÊàÌ 28.8 çC , Éœ–ÅîÈ–âÈèÈ–ÊàÌ 17.8 çC. ÎßÖéÓàÌ–ÌŸ–ÐíÌ –Åß–âÖ¨Ç/Îê 1,220.9 ÓÓ; Îê–Éœ–ÅîÈ– Óê–ÑÞÃ 887.1 ÓÓ, ÎêÅïÃ–ÅîÈ– ãÓŠÌ 1,553.9 ÓÓ, Â×àÓ–ÆîŠÓ– Åß–âÖ¨Ç/Îê 75.3%, ÜàÇ–Öß–âØê–Ç Åß–âÖ¨Ç/Îê 723.3 ÓÓ.

3.3 ÅßÑàÍ–Üî–ËíÀ–ÀßÅà–È:

–âÓìÜÃ–Ë³Ã–Óê–æÆ Óê–ãÓŠ–ÌŸ––ÛàÇ–ÅàÇ –ãÖß ÀßÄàÇ–Ë³×–ÑºÌË¯, ÌÜÀ–ÄàÀ–ãÓŠ–ÌŸ–åØÇñ ÅÜÃ–ÅàÇ –Âì: ÅàÇ–ÌŸ–ÑïÌ –ãÖß ÅàÇ–ÌŸ–ÖàÇ Æ±Ã–æÛ–ãÉŠ–âÙìÜ Øà –åÉ‹ ãÖ‹×–ÇèÃ–Óê–ãÓŠ–ÌŸ–Ì‹ÜÇÛàÇÀ×ñà 20 ÅàÇ, Ø‹×Ç–ÝŠÜÃ–Ü²Ìƒ –âÆ¯Ã–Óê–ÌŸ–æÛ–ÉßÛÜÈ–Îê Ì¸ –ãÓŠÌãÛŠÃÌŸ–Ë¯ –Åß–ÙÜÃ–åØ‹–ãÀŠ –ÀàÌ–ÏßÖéÈ –ãÖß ÀàÌÈáÖíÃ–Æê–×éÈ –ÁÜÃ–ÎßÆàÆíÌ–ÑàÇ–åÌ–âÓìÜ–Ã.



Ö/È ÝïÍÀàÌÌáåÆ‹Ë¯ÈéÌ âÌºÜË¯ (ÝÉ) âÎêâÆèÌ (%)

1 Ö×ÓâÌºÜË¯ËèÃÚíÈ 83,970 100

2 ÈéÌÀßÅéÀá 2,917.93 3.48

3 ÈéÌÎŠàæÓ‹ 80,201.43 95.51

4 ÈéÌÌáåÆ‹ÅßâÑàß 83.45 0.10

5 ÈéÌË¯ÔïŠÜàåÅ 288.69 0.34

6 ÈéÌÜ²Ìƒ (ãÓŠÌŸ, ÑïØêÌ .......) 478.50 0.57

ÉàÉßÖàÃ 1: ÝïÍÀàÌÌáåÆ‹Ë¯ÈéÌ ÔïŠâÓìÜÃË³ÃÓêæÆ

3.5 ÀàÌÄáãÌÀÈéÌ:

åÌÀàÌÅáÛ×ÈÅëÀÅàÈéÌåÌâÓìÜÃ, æÈ‹âÀèÍÀáÁ§ÓïÌ ÄàÀÁîÓ×éæÄÈéÌ 58 ÁîÓ ãÖß âÀèÍâÜíà Éí×ÔŠàÃÈéÌæÎ×éæÄ ÉàÓÆ´ÌÆ¸Í³ÃÁÜÃÈéÌ ãÖß ÄáãÌÀÉ²ÓÜêÀ 200 ÁîÓÑºÌÊàÌ ÉàÓÛèÀÀàÌÄá ãÌÀÁÜÃ FAO ÅßãÈÃåØ‹âØèÌ×Šà åÌâÓìÜÃ Óê 4 Ú×ÈÈéÌÛèÀ, æÈòãÍŠÃÜÜÀâÎèÌ 10 ÎßâÑÈÈéÌ ãÖß 26 Øí×ÙŠ×ÇÈéÌ (ÉàÉßÖàÃ 2).

Æ²ÈéÌâÂ²ÜÃÚàÇ

âÌºÜË¯( FAO-UNESCO-WRB ha %

1. FLUVISOLS FL 70.42 0.08

1.1 Dystric Fluvisols FLdy 70.42 0.08

1. Hapli-Dystric Fluvisols FLdy.ha 70.42 0.08

2. LEPTOSOLS LP 2,143.88 2.55

2.2 Skeleti-Leptosols LPsk 2,143.88 2.55

2. Dystri-Skeletic Leptosols LPsk.dy 2,143.88 2.55

3. ACRISOLS AC 80,649.03 96.05

3.3 Areni Acrisols ACar 424.06 0.51

3. Skeleti-Arenic Acrisols ACar.sk 424.06 0.51

3.4 Stagnic Acrisols ACst 1,993.33 2.37

4. Gleyi-Stagnic Acrisols ACst.gl 70.09 0.08

ÉàÉßÖàÃ 2: ÀàÌÄáãÌÀÎßâÑÈÈéÌ

3.4 ÅßÑàÍ–ÀàÌ–Ìá–åÆ‹–Ë¯ÈéÌ– åÌ–ÎßÄî–ÍèÌ Îê 2005:


January - June 2008

�

5. Plinthi-Stagnic Acrisols ACst.pt 385.93 0.46

6. Areni-Stagnic Acrisols ACst.ar 223.29 0.27

7. Veti-Stagnic Acrisols ACst.vt 846.66 1.01

8. Hapli-Stagnic Acrisols ACst.ha 467.36 0.56

3.5 Humic Acrisols AChu 7,857.12 9.36

9. Skeleti-Humic Acrisols AChu.sk 2,872.15 3.42

10. Hapli-Humic Acrisols AChu.ha 4,984.97 5.94

3.6 Skeleti Acrisols ACsk 10,806.51 12.87

11. Humi-Skeletic Acrisols ACsk.hu 5,357.14 6.38

12.Hyperdystri-Skeletic Acrisols ACsk.dyh 4,285.38 5.10

13. Hapli-Skeletic Acrisols ACsk.ha 1,163.99 1.39

3.7 Vetic Acrisols ACvt 4,776.19 5.69

14. Skeleti-Vetic Acrisols ACvt.sk 2,624.34 3.13

15. Hapli-Vetic Acrisols ACvt.ha 2,151.85 2.56

3.8 Hyperdystric Acrisols ACdyh 29,728.33 35.40

16. Areni-Hyperdystric Acrisols ACdyh.ar 113.19 0.13

17. Humi-Hyperdystric Acrisols ACdyh.hu 4,542.88 5.41

18. Skeleti-Hyperdystric Acrisols ACdyh.sk 8,914.55 10.62

19. Veti-Hyperdystric Acrisols ACdyh.vt 6,943.71 8.26

20. Hapli-Hyperdystric Acrisols ACdyh.ha 9,223.00 10.98

3.9 Haplic Acrisols ACha 25,063.49 29.85

21. Humi-Haplic Acrisols ACha.hu 5,235.25 6.23

22. Profondi-Haplic Acrisols ACha.pf 4,207.61 5.1

23. Skeletic –Haplic Acrisols ACha.sk 6,702.90 7.98

24. Veti-Haplic Acrisols ACha.vt 2,081.94 2.48

25. Hyperdystri-Haplic Acrisols ACha.dyh 6,835.79 8.14

4. CAMBISOLS CM 248.98 0.30

4.10 Dystric Cambisols CMdy 248.98 0.30

26. Hapli-Dystric Cambisols CMdy.ha 248.98 0.30

âÌºÜË¯ÅáÛ×ÈËèÃÚíÈ 83,112.31 98.98âÌºÜË¯ÇèÃÍ¡ËèÌÅáÛ×È 857.69 1.02âÌºÜË¯Ö×ÓËèÃÚíÈ 83,970.00 100.00

ÉàÉßÖàÃ 2: ÀàÌÄáãÌÀÎßâÑÈÈéÌ (É¡)



ÄáãÌÀÉàÓÂ×àÓÂ‹ÜÇÆèÌ æÈ‹ÅßãÈÃÔïŠåÌÉàÉßÖàÃ 3: ÏíÌÁÜÃÉàÉßÖàÃ 3 ÅßãÈÃåØ‹âØèÌâÌºÜË¯ÓêÂ×àÓÂ‹ÜÇÆèÌ >25 ç, À×ÓÜèÈÉàÍ¡ÛàÇ (21.16%) Æ±ÃâÎèÌâÃ²ÜÌæÁÅßÈ×À åÌÀàÌ ÁßØÇàÇÀàÌÏßÖéÈÀßÅéÀá.

Ú×ÈÈéÌ âÌºÜË¯ (ÝÉ)

âÌºÜË¯ÈéÌÉàÓÂ×àÓÂ‹ÜÇÆèÌ (ÝÉ)

I II III IV V VI

0-3 ç 3-80 ç 8-15 ç 15-20 ç 20-25 ç > 25 ç

1. ÈéÌËèÍÊíÓ(Fluvisols)

70.42(100.00 )

70.42(100.00)

2. ÈéÌÉºÌ(Leptosols)

2,143.88(100.00)

04,29.38(20.03)

19.18(0.89)

276.81(12.91)

534.04(24.9)

884.47(41.26)

3. ÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ×(Acrisols)

80,649.03(100.00)

10,276.77(12.74)

7,691.86(9.54)

12,250.96(15.19)

15,851.58(19.66)

17,874.62(22.16)

16,703.29(2.71)

4. ÈéÌË¯ÓêÀàÌÎŠÞÌ ãÎÃåÚŠ (Cambisols)

248.98(100,00)

248.98(100,00)

Ö×Ó83,112.31(100.00)

10,596.17(12.75)

8,121.29(9.77)

12,270.14(14.76)

16,128.39(19.41)

18,408.66(22.15)

17,587.66(21.16)

ÉàÉßÖàÃ 3: ÅèÃÖ×ÓÍèÌÈàÚ×ÈÈéÌ ãÍŠÃÉàÓÁ´ÌÂ×àÓÂ‹ÜÇÆèÌ (ÝÉ %)

ÉàÓÀàÌÅáÛ×È ãÖß ÄáãÌÀÈéÌ, âÌºÜË¯ÍèÌÈàÚ×ÈÈéÌ ãÍŠÃÉàÓÂ×àÓÙàÁÜÃÆ´ÌÈéÌæÈ‹ÅèÃÖ×ÓÔïŠ ÉàÉßÖàÃ 4.

ÉàÉßÖàÃ 4: ÅèÃÖ×ÓÍèÌÈàÚ×ÈÈéÌ ÉàÓÂ×àÓÙàÁÜÃÆ´ÌÈéÌ (ÝÉ %)

Ú×ÈÈéÌ âÌºÜË¯âÌºÜË¯Â×àÓâÚàßÅíÓÁÜÃÆ´ÌÈéÌ (ÝÉ)

1 2 3> 100 ÆÉÓ 50-100 ÆÉÓ < 50 ÆÉÓ

1. ÈéÌËèÍÊíÓ (Fluvisols)70.42

(100.00 )70.42

(100.00)

2. ÈéÌÉºÌ (Leptosols)2,143.88(100.00 )

2.143,88(100,00)

3. ÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ× (Acrisols)80,649.03

(100.00)39,283.15

(48.71 )41,365.88

(51.29 )4. ÈéÌË¯ÓêÀàÌÎŠÞÌãÎÃåÚŠ (Cambisols)

248.98(100.00)

248.98(100.00)

Ö×Ó 83,112.31(100.00)

29,851.26(47.65)

41,417.17(49.77)

2,243.88(2.58)


January - June 2008

8

âÍ¯ÃÖ×ÓãÖò× ÈéÌÁÜÃâÓìÜÃË³ÃÓêæÆ ÅŠ×ÌåØÇñ ÓêÆ´ÌÈéÌÎàÌÀàÃ Øà âÖéÀ, âÌºÜË¯ Æ´ÌÈéÌâÖéÀ ÓêÛàÇ, âÆ¯ÃâÎèÌÁ§ÅßÈ×ÀåÌÀàÌ ÁßØÇàÇÑìÈæÖÇßÇà×, ÑéâÅÈãÓŠÌ æÓ‹åØ‹ ÚàÀ.

3.6 ÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌßÁÜÃÈéÌ:

3.6.1 Ú×ÈÈéÌËèÍÊíÓ (Fluvisols):

Ì¸ãÓŠÌÚ×ÈÈéÌ Ë¯ÀáâÌêÈâÀêÈÁ¹ÌÇ‹ÜÌ ÀàÌËèÍÊíÓÁÜÃãÓŠÌŸÖáâÆ ÑàÇåÌâÓìÜÃ, âÆ¯ÃÉ¿ÌÉçãÓŠÌãÓŠÌŸÑïÌ ãÖß ÌŸÖàÇ ãÖß ãÓŠÌŸÜ²ÌƒÄáÌ×ÌÌ±Ã, Ú×ÈÈéÌÈ¨ÃÀŠà× Óê ÁßÍ×ÌÀàÌÀ¡Å‹àÃâÎèÌÈéÌÓêÙ‹ÜÇ, ÈéÌ ÇèÃÅß ãÈÃåØ‹âØèÌÆ´ÌËèÍÊíÓÀèÌ, ÎßÖéÓàÌËàÈÜíÃ ÂßËàÈ Í¡æÎÉàÓÀíÈâÀÌÉàÓÂ×àÓâÖéÀ ÁÜÃ Æ´ÌÈéÌ ÅÜÈÂŠÜÃÀèÍâÃ²ÜÌæÁÀàÌËèÍÊíÓ.

Ú×ÈÈéÌËèÍÊíÓ ÓêâÌºÜË¯ 70.42 ÝÉ, À×Ó 0.08% ÁÜÃâÌºÜË¯ËèÃÚíÈ âÀêÈâÎèÌÈéÌÀß ÄàÇÉàÓË³ÃãÂÍÝàÍÑÞÃ, ÓêÂ×àÓÂ‹ÜÇÆèÌ 0-3o ÀßÄàÇÔïŠåÄÀàÃâËÈÅßÍàÌâÓìÜÃ ÅÜÃ ÒàÀãÓŠÌŸÑïÌ ãÖß ãÓŠÌŸÖàÇ.

ÈéÌËèÍÊíÓåÌâÓìÜÃ ÓêâÌºÜÈéÌãÉñÈéÌÉíÓ Øà ÉíÓÎíÌÙÞ× ãÖß ÆàÇ, ÈéÌÓê CEC

åÌÖßÈèÍÎàÌÀàÃ (9.0-18.0 meq/100g ÈéÌ ãÖß 25.3-37.7 meq/100g ÈéÌÙÞ×) Â×àÓÜ¯ÓÉí×ÁÜÃËàÈÈŠàÃ (BS) ÎŠÞÌãÎÃ ãÉŠ 14-28%, pH H2O ÎŠÞÌãÎÃ ãÉŠ 4.8-5.4 ãÖß pH Kcl = 3.9-4.7 ÏíÌÍ×ÀÁÜÃËàÈ ÈŠàÃãÖÀÎŠÞÌÉœ 1.87-3.65 meq/100g ÈéÌ, ÎßÖéÓàÌËàÈÜàØàÌÆ´ÌÙ‹à åÌÖßÈèÍÎàÌ ÀàÃ Øà Èê, ÔïŠÆ´ÌÖîŠÓÖ‹×ÌãÉŠÔïŠåÌÖßÈèÍÉœ Øà ÉœÅîÈ, ÎßÖéÓàÌÀàÀÍÜÌÜíÃÂßËàÈ 0.91-1.69% OC; åÌäÉâÄÌ Ö×Ó 0.09-0.16% N ÒíÈÅßÒçÖ×Ó 0.06-0.10% P2O5; ÒíÈÅß Òç ÖßÖàÇåÌ ÖßØ×ñàÃ 6.02-9.82 kg, P2O5 /100g ÈéÌ. –äÎÉàÈÆÞÓ Ö×Ó 1.05-2.05% K2O äÎÉàÈÆÞÓ ÖßÖàÇ 7.11-14.90 mg K2O/100g ÈéÌ.

ÈéÌËèÍÊíÓ ãÓŠÌÚ×ÈÈéÌË¯ÓêÂîÌÂŠàÅïÃ ÑàÇåÌâÓìÜÃ, âÊéÃ×ŠàÑºÌË¯ÄßÍ¡ÛàÇ, ãÉŠ Ú×ÈÈéÌÈ¨ÃÀŠà× ÅàÓàÈÎïÀâÁ¿à ãÖß ÑìÈÏèÀ Ü²Ìƒ æÈ‹É²ÓÜêÀ.

ÖîŠÓÌ¸ ãÓŠÌÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌß×èÈÊî ãÖß âÂÓê ÁÜÃÁîÓÈéÌ TH 122. ÈéÌËèÍÊíÓâÎèÌÀíÈÜŠÜÌ, Í¡ÓêÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌßåÈâÈ¨Ì. (Hapli-dystric Fluvisols).

Â×àÓ âÖéÀ

(ÆÉÓ)

ÁßÙàÈâÓèÈ % (ÆÉÓ) ÎßÖéÓàÌÖ×Ó ( % ) ÖßÖàÇMg/100g ÈéÌ PH

H2O

ÀàÄêÜíÃãÖÀÎŠÞÌ(meq/100g ÈéÌ BS%

2.0-0.2

0.2-0.02

0.02-0.002 <0.002 OC N P2O5 K2O P2O5 K2O Ca++ Mg++ CEC

0-20

20-40

40-70

70-110

10.3

10.5

14.1

11.0

33.9

34.7

34.6

37.0

37.2

34.7

27.9

28.9

18.6

20.1

21.4

22.3

1.64

1.04

1.17

0.66

0.14

0.10

0.09

0.07

0.09

0.07

0.08

0.06

1.25

1.13

1.01

0.93

5.83

4.69

4.74

3.98

10.56

9.27

9.65

7.79

4.6

4.8

4.9

5.0

1.51

1.43

1.25

1.20

0.96

0.89

0.77

0.65

13.36

10.58

10.24

8.87

20.7

24.4

22.3

23.3

ÉàÉßÖàÃ 5: ÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌß×èÈÊî, âÂÓê ÁÜÃÈéÌ TH 122



3.6.2 Ú×ÈÈéÌË¯ÓêÆ´ÌÈéÌÉºÌ (Leptosols)

Ú×ÈÈéÌÅŠ×ÌÛàÇ ÀáâÌêÈâËéÃÅßÑàÍ ÑºÌË¯äÌÌÅïÃ ÁßØÇàÇÉí×âËéÃØêÌÓèÀÓà Üà ÆéÈ Ûì ØêÌãÎÝïÍ. Ç‹ÜÌÁßÍ×ÌÀàÌÅïÌâÅÇ Ù‹àÈéÌâÀêÈÁ¹ÌÔŠàÃãÁÃãÝÃ, È¨ÃÌ´Ì, Æ´ÌÈéÌ ÌáåÆ‹æÈ‹ ÓêÑÞÃãÉŠ 30 ÆÉÓ Ûì ÓêØêÌÛàÇÀ×ñà 80% åÌÂ×àÓâÖéÀ 0-75 ÆÉÓ.

Ú×ÈÈéÌÉºÌ ÓêâÌºÜË¯ 2,143.88 ÝÉ, À×Ó 2.55% ÁÜÃâÌºÜË¯ËèÃÚíÈ, Ú×ÈÈéÌ È¨ÃÀŠà× ÀßÄàÇÖ×ÓÅïÌ ÍàÃâÁÈÁÜÃâÓìÜÃ, âËéÃÅßÑàÍÑºÌË¯ÑïÅïÃ, ÓêÂ×àÓÂ‹ÜÇÆèÌãÝÃ, ÍèÌÈàâÁÈË¯ÓêÆ´ÌÈéÌÉºÌÛàÇ ãÓŠÌ Í‹àÌÈàÌ, ÌàÎîÇ, ÌàâÓìÜÃ.

Æ´ÌÈéÌÉºÌ ÓêâÌºÜÈéÌ ãÉŠÉíÓãÀÓÆàÇ Øà ÉíÓãÀÓÙÞ× ãÖß ÆàÇ. ÈéÌâÎèÌÀíÈ (pHH2O = 4.8-5.6 ãÖß pHKcl = 3.7-4.5); CEC ãÖß BS ÉœØàÎàÌÀàÃ, CEC = 9.57-16.57 meq/100g ÈéÌ ãÖß 18.18-31.48 meq/100g ÈéÌÙÞ×, Â×àÓÜ¯ÓÉí×ËàÃÈ‹àÌÎß

ÄîÈŠàÃ ÎßÓàÌ 19.1-34.7%, ÈéÌÓêÎßÖéÓàÌ ÀàÀÍÜÌÜíÃÂßËàÈ ÎàÌÀàÃ (OC = 1.05-1.76%) ãÖß åÌäÉâÄÌÖ×ÓÎàÌÀàÃ (0.10-0.15% N), ÒíÈÅßÒçÖ×ÓÆ´ÌÙ‹à ÖßÈèÍÎàÌ ÀàÃ Øà Èê (0.06-0.12% P2O5), ÒíÈÅßÒçÖ×Ó ÖßÖàÇÖßÈèÍ ÎàÌÀàÃ Øà Éœ (5.72-8.71mg P2O5 /100g ÈéÌ), äÎÉàÈÆÞÓÖ×Ó ÔïŠåÌ ÖßÈèÍ ÎàÌÀàÃ (0.87-1.53% K2O), äÎÉàÈ ÆÞÓÖßÖàÇ ÎàÌÀàÃ Øà Èê (6,71-15.21 mg K2O/100g ÈéÌ).

Ç‹ÜÌÓêÆ´ÌÈéÌÍàÃ, ÓêØêÌÛàÇ, È¨ÃÌ´Ì ÈéÌ ÓêÂ×àÓâÚàßÅíÓÙ‹ÜÇ ÀèÍÍèÌÈàÑìÈÎïÀ ÀßÅé Àá, È¨ÃÌèòÌ É‹ÜÃæÈ‹âÜíàåÄåÅŠåÌÀàÌÝèÀÅàÎŠà ÅíÓËíÍÀèÍÀàÌÎïÀÑìÈÜîÈÅàØßÀá Ü²Ìƒ Âì: Îç Åà, æÓ‹âÀÈÅßÙà..... Ûì ÎïÀØÇ‹àÖ‹ÞÃÅèÈ.

ÉàÉßÖàÃ 6: ÅßâÙê ÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌß×èÈÊî, âÂÓêÈéÌ ÁÜÃÁîÓÈéÌ TH 210 ÈéÌÓêÆ´ÌÈéÌ ÉºÌ, ÓêØêÌÛàÇ, âÎèÌÀíÈ (Dystri-Skeletic Leptosols).

Â×àÓâÖéÀ

(ÆÉÓ)

ÁßÙàÈâÓèÈ %(ÆÉÓ)

ÎßÖéÓàÌÖ×Ó (%)ÖßÖàÇ

(mg/100g ÈéÌ) PHH2O

ÀàÄêÜíÃãÖÀÎŠÞÌ(meq/100g ÈéÌ)

BS%

2.0-0.2

0.2-0.02

0.02-0.002 < 0.002 OC N P2O5 K2O P2O5 K2O Ca++ Mg++ CEC

0-2020-5

23.515.2

37.738.2

21.324.2

17.522.4

1.581.24

0.110.08

0.100.08

1.061.15

5.721.22

1.2210.22

15.65.2

4.163.17

1.181.51

16.5715.64

34.732.2

ÉàÉßÖàÃ 6: ÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌß×èÈÊî, âÂÓê ÁÜÃÁîÓÈéÌ TH 210

�0ÓèÃÀÜÌ - ÓéÊîÌà 2008


3.6.3 Ú×ÈÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ× (ACRISOLS)

ãÓŠÌÚ×ÈÈéÌË¯âÀêÈÁ¹ÌÀèÍË¯, ÀßÄàÇ âËéÃÅßÑàÍÑºÌË¯ãÉÀÉŠàÃÀèÌ ãÉŠÅßÑàÍÑºÌ Ë¯Éœ, ÑïÉœ, Ë³ÃÑÞÃ Øà ÑïÅïÃ, Â‹ÜÇÆèÌ. ÈéÌ ÁßØÇàÇÉí× ãÖß ÀáâÌêÈâËéÃØêÌãÓŠ Ûì ×èÈÊî É¿ÌÀáâÌêÈÜàÆêÈ Ûìì ËàÈÈŠàÃ.

ÀßÄàÇåÌâÃ²ÜÌæÁÝ‹ÜÌÆîŠÓ, ãÝŠÈéÌ ÙÞ× æÈ‹ÓêÀàÌÎŠÞÌãÎÃÍàÃÅŠ×Ì, ÁßÍ×Ì ÀàÌâÆàßÖ‹àÃÈéÌÙÞ× ãÖß ÀàÄêÜíÃÈñàÃâÀêÈ Á¹ÌÔŠàÃãÁÃãÝÃ, âÝèÈåØ‹ÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ× (Æ´Ì Argic) Óê CEC Éœ (CEC < 24 meq/100g ÈéÌÙÞ×) ãÖß ÀàÌÜ¯ÓÉí×ËàÃÈ‹àÌÎßÄîÈŠàÃ Éœ BS < 50%.

ÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ× ãÓŠÌÚ×ÈÈéÌË¯À×Ó âÌºÜË¯ÛàÇÀ×ñàÚïŠ ÑàÇåÌâÓìÜÃ 80,648.93 ÝÉ Ûì âË³àÀèÍ 96.05% ÁÜÃâÌºÜË¯ËèÃÚíÈ, ÀßÄàÇÔïŠË³×ËîÀÍŠÜÌ ÑàÇåÌâÓìÜÃ.

Ç‹ÜÌÀáâÌêÈâËéÃÍèÌÈàØêÌãÓŠ ãÉÀÉŠàÃ ÀèÌ, ÅßÑàÍÑºÌË̄ ãÖß ÑìÈÎíÀÂîÓãÉÀÉŠàÃÀèÌ, ÅßÌ´Ì ÎßâÑÈÈéÌåÌÚ×ÈÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ× ÓêÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌßãÉÀÉŠàÃÀèÌ.

ÍèÌÈàÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ× ÁßØÇàÇÉí× âËéÃÅßÑàÍÑºÌË¯ ËêñÓêÂ×àÓÂ‹ÜÇÆèÌÉœ ÓêÂîÌ ÖèÀÅßÌßË¯Â‹àÇÂìÀèÌ; ÈéÌÓêâÌºÜÈéÌ ãÉŠÉíÓÎíÌ ÆàÇ Øà ÈéÌÙÞ×, ÓêÀàÌâÑêòÓÁ¹ÌÁÜÃÎßÖéÓàÌ ÈéÌÙÞ× ÉàÓÂ×àÓâÖéÀÆ´ÌÈéÌ. ÈéÌâÎèÌÀíÈ (Å¿Ó) (pHH2O = 4.8-6.3; pHKcl = 3.7-5.0); CEC ÎàÌÀàÃ 8.0-12.5meq/100g ÈéÌ, Â×àÓ Ü¯ÓÉí×ËàÃÈ‹àÌÎßÄîÈŠàÃ Éœ <40%, ÈéÌÓê ÎßÖéÓàÌÜéÌÆê×èÈÊî ÎàÌÀàÃ (OC=0.9-1,8%).

åÌäÉâÄÌÖ×ÓÎàÌÀàÃ (0.1-0.18%); ÒíÈÅß ÒçÖ×ÓÉœ (< 0.03%), äÎÉàÈÆÞÓÖ×Ó ãÉŠ ÎàÌÀàÃ Øà Èê (0.8-1.9%), äÎÉàÈÆÞÓ Öß ÖàÇ ãÉŠÎàÌÀàÃ Øà Èê (5-22 mg/100g ÈéÌ).

ÍèÌÈàÎßâÑÈÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ× ÔïŠâÁÈ Éœ ÅàÓàÈÌáåÆ‹âÁ¿àåÌÀàÌÎïÀâÁ¿à Ûì ÑìÈ ÜîÈÅàØßÀáæÖÇßÅ´Ì, Ê‹àÅàÓàÈãÀ‹æÁÌŸ ØíÈæÈ‹ ÅàÓàÈÎïÀâÁ¿àæÈ‹ÅÜÃÖßÈï Ûì ÎïÀâÁ¿à 1 ÖßÈï ãÖß ÑìÈÜîÈÅàØßÀá æÖÇßÅ´Ì Âì: Ê³× ÈéÌ, ÅàÖê, ÔàÅïÍ ãÖß Ü²Ìƒ.

ÍèÌÈàâÁÈÈéÌË¯ÓêÅßÑàÍÑºÌË¯ÛîÍ äÌÌ Â×ÌÌáåÆ‹åÌÀàÌÎïÀæÓ‹åØ‹ÚàÀ Âì: ÚàÀ À‹ÞÃ, ÚàÀÌèÈ ãÖß Ü²Ìƒ.

ÍèÌÈàÎßâÑÈÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ× Ë¯Àß ÄàÇâËéÃÅßÑàÍÑºÌË̄ ÓêÂ×àÓÂ‹ÜÇÆèÌÅïÃ Óê ÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌßÂòàÇÂìÀèÍÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ× ÀßÄàÇ ÔïŠåÌÅßÑàÍÑºÌË¯ÓêÂ×àÓÂ‹ÜÇÆèÌÉœ, âÊéÃÔŠàÃ Ì´ÌÀ¡ÉàÓ, ÇòÜÌÈéÌÔïŠâÁÈÈ¨ÃÀŠà× ÇèÃÍ¡ËèÌÊìÀ ÖíÍÀ×ÌÛàÇ ãÖß ÇèÃÓêÑìÈÑèÌËáÓßÆàÈ Ë¯Üî ÈíÓÅíÓÍïÌ, È¨ÃÌ´Ì, ÍàÃâÁÈÇèÃÓêÎßÖéÓàÌ ÜéÌ Æê×èÈÊîÅïÃ, äÈÇÅßâÑàß ãÓŠÌÈéÌÆèòÌÙ‹à (OC > 2%), äÎÉàÈÆÞÓ ÔïŠåÌÖßÈèÍ ÎàÌÀàÃ (1-1,3%) Ç‹ÜÌÀßÄàÇâËéÃÅßÑàÍ ÑºÌË¯ãÉŠ 8 Øà > 25 ç, È¨ÃÌ´Ì, ÍèÌÈàÎßâÑÈÈéÌÌ¸ ãÓŠÌ ÅàÓàÈÌáåÆ‹âÁ¿àåÌÀàÌ ÀßÅéÀá - ÎŠàæÓ‹ãÍÍ ÎßÅíÓÎßÅàÌ, ãÉŠÀ¡Â×ÌÓê×éËêÀàÌÉ‹àÌÀàÌ âÆàßâÄ²ÜÌ ãÖß Î‹ÜÃÀèÌÈéÌ.


January - June 2008

��

Â×àÓâÖéÀ

(ÆÉÓ)

ÁßÙàÈâÓèÈ % (ÆÉÓ) ÎßÖéÓàÌÖ×Ó (%) ÖßÖàÇ (mg/100g ÈéÌ) PH

H2O


2.0-0.2

0.2-0.02


TH 101: ÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ×ÁèÃÌŸ iglay (Gley-Stagnic Acrisols)

0-1515-4040-60

60-100

8.45.95.86.5

39.537.631.629.8

27.528.629.127.8

24.627.933.535.9

2.041.420.920.75

0.180.120.100.06

0.180.140.100.09

1.021.351.241.28

8.126.034.253.06

14.5610.28

8.126.54

5.25.05.15.1

3.122.682.422.92

1.951.641.381.24

14.6813.5613.6812.86

37.534.429.934.4

ÉàÉßÖàÃ 7: ÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌß×èÈÊî, âÂÓê ÁÜÃÁîÓÈéÌ Ë¯ÌÜÌåÌÚ×ÈÈéÌÈ¨ÃÀŠà× ÀßÄàÇÅßÑàÍÑºÌË¯Éœ

TH 26: ÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ×ÁèÃÌŸ, ÓêÄîÈÎŠàÓ (Plinthic-Stagnic Acrisols)

Â×àÓâÖéÀ

(ÆÉÓ)


H2O

ÀàÄêÜíÃãÖÀÎŠÞÌ(meq/100g ÈéÌ) BS%

2.0-0.2

0.2-0.02


0-1515-4040-60

60-110

20.420.611.28.9

39.537.232.631.6

21.620.623.624.8

18.521.632.634.7

1.861.060.670.48

0.150.090.060.04

0.100.070.060.05

0.861.021.351.26

6.453.122.041.56

12.569.037.524.25

5.05.14.94.8

1.681.241.321.08

0.940.860.720.88

13.5614.2411.8611.24

22.316.719.319.0

ÉàÉßÖàÃ 8: ÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌß ×èÈÊî-âÂÓê ÁÜÃÍàÃÁîÓÈéÌÑºÌÊàÌ Ë¯âÎèÌÉí×ãËÌåØ‹ãÀŠ Ú×ÈÈéÌ ÅßÅíÓ ÈéÌÙÞ× ÀßÄàÇâËéÃÅßÑàÍÑºÌË¯ÅïÃ

TH 229: ÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ×, ÓêÜéÌÆê×èÈÊîÅïÃ, ÓêØêÌÛàÇ (Skeletic-Humic-Acrisols)

Â×àÓâÖéÀ

(ÆÉÓ)


H2O


2.0-0.2

0.2-0.02


0-2020-4545-75

75-120

2.92.82.74.7

53.849.654.842.4

26.421.413.022.7

16.826.129.530.2

3.051.180.900.63

0.230.130.100.09

0.140.080.070.06

2.052.192.322.32

3.450.870.580.35

27.3912.0813.6010.56

5.25.15.35.3

1.651.822.191.63

1.171.331.621.17

9.849.36

12.647.68

35.440.333.040.1

�2ÓèÃÀÜÌ - ÓéÊîÌà 2008


Â×àÓâÖéÀ

(ÆÉÓ)

ÁßÙàÈâÓèÈ %(ÆÉÓ) ÎßÖéÓàÌÖ×Ó (%) ÖßÖàÇ



2.0-0.2

0.2-0.02


0-1515-60

60-100100-120

8.18.89.69.8

41.138.230.336.9

31.529.830.628.2

19.323.229.525.1

1.410.780.510.43

0.130.080.060.04

0.080.060.050.04

0.850.720.670.58

4.253.121.560.68

12.687.534.123.03

5.04.95.15.1

1.431.251.120.89

0.921.040.750.64

10.089.258.568.12

26.326.723.119.9

Â×àÓ âÖéÀ

(ÆÉÓ)




2.0-0.2

0.2-0.02


0-2020-5050-75

75-110

9.110.98.28.1

42.540.835.636.4

25.824.225.322.3

22.624.130.933.2

1.861.240.820.54

0.160.110.070.05

0.100.080.070.05

1.361.751.992.02

5.243.540.960.72

10.569.037.537.03

5.55.15.05.0

1.781.641.221.05

1.321.120.940.81

12.0411.2412.3611.56

28.527.019.217.9

Â×àÓâÖéÀ

(ÆÉÓ)




2.0-0.2

0.2-0.02

0.02-0.002 < 0,002 OC N P2O5 K2O P2O5 K2O Ca++ Mg++ CEC

0-1515-5050-7070-120

7.79.77.610.7

42.639.436.434.2

26.124.523.121.3

23.626.432.933.8

2.141.761.180.82

0.180.140.100.07

0.100.090.070.06

1.281.341.061.12

6.033.121.241.24

14.569.036.037.53

5.65.45.55.3

3.122.582.722.46

1.561.241.321.12

14.6813.5414.2413.28

35.130.930.328À8

TH 115: ÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ× ÁàÈËàÈÈŠàÃ, Í¡ÓêÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌßåÈâÈ¨Ì (Haplic-Vetic-Acrisols)

TH 323: ÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ×ÀíÈãÝÃ, ÓêØêÌãÝŠÛàÇ (Skeletic-Hyperdystric-Acrisols)

TH 215: ÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ×, Í¡ÓêÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌßåÈâÈ¨Ì, ÜéÌÆé×èÈÊî (Humic-Haplic-Acrisol)


January - June 2008

��

3.6.4 Ú×ÈÈéÌË¯ÓêÀàÌÎŠÞÌãÎÃåÚŠ (Cambisols-CM)

ãÓŠÌÎßâÑÈÈéÌ Ë¯âÀêÈÄàÀÀàÌËèÍÊíÓ Ûì ÏßÖéÈÉßÑèÌÁÜÃÀàÌËèÍÊíÓ, äÈÇÏŠàÌ ÁßÍ×ÌÀàÌÎïÀÐèÃâÎèÌâ×ÖàÇà×ÌàÌ æÈ‹âÝèÈ åØ‹ÎßâÑÈÈéÌÌ¸ ÅïÌâÅÇÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌßâÍºÜÃ É¿Ì, Å‹àÃâÎèÌÆ´ÌÈéÌ B ÓêÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌß Ë¯ÅÜÈ ÂŠÜÃÀèÍâÃ²ÜÌæÁÁÜÃÆ´Ì B Cambic.

Ú×ÈÈéÌË¯ÓêÀàÌÎŠÞÌãÎÃåÚŠ ÓêâÌºÜ Ë¯Í¡ÛàÇ (248,98 ha), À×Ó 0.30% ÁÜÃâÌºÜË¯ ËáÓßÆàÈ, Ö×ÓÅïÌÔïŠâÁÈÈàÌ, ÌàÓÜÌ, Ìà ÆàÇÑíÓ ãÖß Ü²Ìƒ. ÈéÌË¯ÓêÀàÌÎŠÞÌãÎÃåÚŠ ÓêâÌºÜÈéÌÉíÓÎíÌÙÞ× ãÖß ÆàÇ, ÔïŠÆ´Ì Cambic, ÈéÌÓêâÌºÜÈéÌÙèÀÀ×ñà, ÎßÖéÓàÌÈéÌ ÙÞ× Ûì ÆàÇ ÎŠÞÌãÎÃÍ¡æÎÉàÓÀíÈâÀÌåÈÌ±Ã.

ÈéÌâÎèÌÀíÈ (pHH2O=5.0-5.7 ãÖß pHKcl = 4.0-4.6) CEC ÎàÌÀàÃ (9.26-15.12meq/100g ÈéÌ ãÖß 17.59-28.73 meq/100g ÈéÌÙÞ×, BS ÎàÌÀàÃ (24-40%) ÈéÌÓêÎßÖéÓàÌÀàÀÍÜÌÜíÃÂßËàÈ ÎàÌÀàÃ (1.12-1.46% OC), æÌäÉâÄÌÖ×Ó ÎàÌÀàÃ (0.09-0.14% N), ÒíÈÅßÒç, äÎÉàÈÆÞÓÖ×Ó ãÖß ÖßÖàÇÎàÌ ÀàÃ Øà Éœ. ÒíÈÅßÒçÖ×Ó < 0.07% P2O5, ÒíÈÅßÒçÖßÖàÇ 1.23-8.2mg P2O5/100g ÈéÌ, äÎÉàÈÆÞÓÖ×Ó 0.79-1.19% K2O ãÖß ÖßÖàÇ 6.24-11.32 mg K2O/100g ÈéÌ.

Ç‹ÜÌÈéÌÆ´ÌÙ‹àÓêâÌºÜÈéÌâÍíà, ÖßÍàÇ ÌŸÈê, È¨ÃÌ´Ì, åÌâ×ÖàËáÀàÌÎïÀÐèÃ É‹ÜÃÓê ×éËêÀàÌÝèÀÅàÌŸæ×‹, ÈêË¯ÅîÈÂ×ÌÎïÀâÁ¿à 1 ÖßÈï ãÖß ÎïÀÑìÈÅ×ÌÜ²Ìƒ Âì: ÅàÖê, Ê³×ÈéÌ ãÖß Ü²Ìƒ.

ÉàÉßÖàÃ 9: ÍàÃÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌßÒéÆéÀ-âÂÓê ÁÜÃÁîÓÈéÌ TH 301 Ë¯ÓêÀàÌÎŠÞÌãÎÃåÚŠ âÎèÌÀíÈ, Í¡ÓêÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌßåÈâÈ¨Ì (Haplic-Dystric-Cambisols)

Â×àÓ âÖéÀ

(ÆÉÓ)




2.0-0.2

0.2-0.02


0-2020-4545-70

70-120

13.914.614.98.2

41.439.236.338.4

20.218.419.521.7

24.517.829.331.7

1.461.150.890.78

0.140.100.070.06

0.070.060.050.05

1.160.870.790.81

8.245.524.874.32

10.048.786.247.22

5.55.75.15.0

3.322.272.432.61

1.151.421.541.14

15.1212.4810.569.87

31.932.339.940.3

��ÓèÃÀÜÌ - ÓéÊîÌà 2008


4. ÅßÛ‡îÍ ãÖß Á§ÅßâÙê:

4.1 ÅßÛîÍ:

ÏŠàÌÀàÌÂ¿ÌÂ×òàÆèÍÑßÇàÀÜÌË¯ÈéÌ âÓìÜÃË³ÃÓêæÆ ÓêÄîÈÑéâÅÈ ÖîŠÓÌ¸:

1. ÆèÍÑßÇàÀÜÌÈéÌ åÌÁÜÍâÁÈÂ¿Ì Â×òà æÈ‹ÄáãÌÀÜÜÀâÎèÌ 4 Ú×ÈÈéÌÛèÀ (Major soil groupings): ÈéÌËèÍÊíÓ (Fluvisols) Óê âÌºÜË¯ 70.42 ÝÉ (À×Ó 0.08% ÁÜÃâÌºÜË¯ ËáÓßÆàÈ), ÈéÌÓêÆ´ÌÈéÌÉºÌ (Leptosols) Óê 2,143.88 ÝÉ (À×Ó 2.55% ÁÜÃâÌºÜË¯Ëá ÓßÆàÈ) ÈéÌÅßÅíÓÈéÌÙÞ× (Acrisols) Óê âÌºÜË¯ 80,649.03 ÝÉ (À×Ó 96.05% âÌºÜË¯ËáÓßÆàÈ), ÈéÌÓêÀàÌÎŠÞÌãÎÃåÚŠ (Cambisols) Óê 248.98 ÝÉ (À×Ó 0.30% âÌºÜË¯ËáÓßÆàÈ Óê 10 ÎßâÑÈÈéÌ (Soil units) ãÖß Óê 26 Øí×ÙŠ×ÇË¯ÈéÌ (Soil sub units).

2. ÈéÌÁÜÃâÓìÜÃË³ÃÓêæÆ ÓêâÌºÜÈéÌÎŠÞÌ ãÎÃ ãÉŠÉíÓÎíÌÙÞ× ãÖß ÆàÇØàÉíÓÎíÌÙÞ×, ÈéÌãÙ‹Ì, Â×àÓÆîŠÓÉœ, äÂÃÅ‹àÃâÎèÌãÏŠÌ, âÎèÌÀ‹ÜÌ, ÓêÑÞÃÍàÃÎßâÑÈ ÓêäÂÃÅ‹àÃÏîÏîŠÇ Âì: Ú×ÈÈéÌ Fluvisols, Arenic Acrisols, âÍªÃ Ö×ÓÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌßÒéÆéÀ Öò×ÌãÉŠÓêÂ×àÓâÚàß ÅíÓÀèÍÀàÌÎïÀÐèÃ, ÍèÌÈàÎßâÑÈÈéÌË¯ÓêÎßÉé ÀéÖéÇàâÎèÌÀíÈãÝÃ, âÎèÌÀíÈØàÀíÈÜŠÜÌ, Îß ÖéÓàÌËàÈÜàØàÌåÌÍèÌÈàÎßâÑÈÈéÌÀ¡ ÎŠÞÌãÎÃÉàÓ. –â×¿àÖ×Ó ÈéÌÓêÎßÖéÓàÌËàÈ ÜàØàÌÔïŠåÌÖßÈèÍÎàÌÀàÃ Øà Éœ.

åÌâÌºÜË¯ 83,112.31 ÝÉ, ÈéÌË¯ÅáÛ×È Óê 37.28% ÀßÄàÇâËéÃÅßÑàÍÑºÌË¯ÓêÂ×àÓ Â‹ÜÇÆèÌ < 150; 41.56% ÔïŠåÌÂ×àÓÂ‹ÜÇÆèÌ

15-250 ãÖß 21.16% ÔïŠåÌÂ×àÓÂ‹ÜÇÆèÌ > 250.

åÌâÁÈÓê 47.65% âÌºÜË¯ÓêÆ´ÌÈéÌ Ùà > 100 ÆÉÓ; 49.77% ÁÜÃ–âÌºÜË¯ Óê–Æ´ÌÈéÌÙà 50-100 ÆÉÓ –ãÖß Óê 2.58% ÁÜÃ–âÌºÜË¯– Óê–Æ´ÌÈéÌ < 50 ÆÉÓ.

4.2 ÁçòÅß–âÙê:

ÄàÀ–ÏíÌ–ÀàÌ–Åá–Û×È –ãÖß Üê–Ã–åÅŠ–Åß ÑàÍ–Â×àÓ–âÎèÌ–ÄéÃ–ÁÜÃ–âÓìÜÃ Ñ×À–âÝíà–Åß–âÙê ÍàÃ–Â×àÓ–ÂéÈ–âØèÌ–Ö×Ó–åÌ–ÀàÌ–Íî–À–âÍêÀ, Ìá–åÆ‹–ÆèÍÑßÇàÀÜÌ–Ë¯–ÈéÌ– Âì–ÖîŠÓ–Ì¸:

• É‹ÜÃ–ÝèÍ–ÎßÀèÌåØ‹ÑÞÃ–Ñç–ËàÃ–È‹àÌ–Åß ÍÞÃ–ÜàØàÌ ÆëñÃ–ãÓŠÌ–âÎ¿àÚàÇË¯–ÅáÂèÌåÌ–ÀàÌ–ÏßÖéÈ–ÀßÅéÀá –â×¿à–Åß–âÑàß –ãÖß ÝèÍ–ÎßÀèÌ–ÔŠàÃÚ´ÌÂíÃ–ËàÃ–È‹àÌ–âÅÈÊßÀéÈ–ÅèÃÂíÓ â×¿à–Ö×Ó ÁÜÃâÓìÜÃË³Ã–Óê–æÆ.

• É‹ÜÃ–ÄèÈ–ÖÞÃ–ÍïÖéÓßÅéÈ–åÌ–ÀàÌ–ÎïÀ–âÁ¿à, ÑìÈ–ÏèÀ –ãÖß É¿Ì–æÓ‹–ÜîÈÅàØßÀá–æÖ–ÇßÅ´Ì –âËéÃ–Îß–âÑÈ–ÈéÌ–ËèÍ–ÊíÓ, ÍàÃ–Îß–âÑÈ–ÈéÌ–åÌÚ×ÈÈéÌ–Åß–ÅíÓ–ÈéÌÙÞ× (Ë¯–ÀßÄàÇ–âËéÃ–ÅßÑàÍ–ÑºÌË¯ ÝàÍÑÞÃ).

• ÍèÌÈà–ÑìÈ–ÜîÈÅàØßÀá–æÖ–Çß–Çà×– Âì: ÔàÃ–ÑàÖà ãÖß –æÓ‹–âÀÈÅßÙà Â×Ì–ÎïÀ–âËéÃ–ÈéÌÅß–ÅíÓ–ÈéÌÙÞ× Í¡–Óê–ÂîÌ–ÖèÀÅßÌß–åÈ–âÈ¨Ì Óê–âÌºÜÈéÌ–Â‹àÇÂì–ÀèÌ.

• ÍèÌÈà–æÓ‹–åØ‹ÚàÀ (ÚàÀÀ‹ÞÃ, ÚàÀ Ìà×) Â×Ì–ÎïÀ–âËéÃ–ÈéÌ–ËèÍ–ÊíÓ, Óê–âÌºÜÈéÌ–âÍíà, –åÀ‹–ÀèÍ–ãÓŠ–ÌŸ.


January - June 2008

��

• Â×Ì–âÜíà–åÄ–åÅŠ–ÈéÌ–Ë¯–Óê–Æ´ÌÈéÌ–ÉºÌ, Óê–Â×àÓÂ‹ÜÇ–ÆèÌÙ‹ÜÇ, ÈéÌ–È¨Ã–ÀŠà×–âÚàßÅíÓ–åÌ–ÀàÌ–Ö‹ÞÃ–ÅèÈ, Ñé–âÅÈ –ãÓŠÌ–Ö‹ÞÃ–Ãí×.

• âÑ²Ü–ÆîÀ–Çï‹ –ãÖß ÁßØÇàÇ–ÀàÌ–ÏßÖéÈ–Àß ÅéÀá ÔïŠ–âÓìÜÃË³Ã–Óê–æÆ, É‹ÜÃ–æÈ‹–Óê–ÀàÌ–Ìá–âÜíà –ãÌ×–ÑèÌåÚŠ –ãÖß –âÉèÀ–ÌéÀ–âÁ¿à–ÅïŠ–ÀàÌ–ÏßÖéÈ.

• É‹ÜÃ–æÈ‹–âÜíà–åÄ–åÅŠ–Å‹àÃ–ÑºÌÊàÌ–äÂÃ ÝŠàÃ; ÖíÃ–ËëÌ–âÁ¿àåÌÀàÌ–Å‹àÃ–ÆíÌÖßÎßËàÌ–Áß ÙàÈÀàÃ –ãÖß ÁßÙàÈÌ‹ÜÇ –âÑ²Ü–ÝèÍåÆ‹–ÀàÌ –ÏßÖéÈÀßÅéÀá, –âÎêÈ–À×òàÃ –ãÖß ÇíÀÖßÈèÍ Öß ÍíÍ–ÂíÓ–Óß–Ìà–ÂíÓ, Å‹àÃ–âÃ²ÜÌ–æÁ –åØ‹–ãÀŠ–ÀàÌ–ãÖÀ–ÎŠÞÌ–ÀèÍ–ÑàÇ–ÌÜÀ.

5. âÜÀß–ÅàÌ–Ü‹àÃ–Üê–Ã:

ÀßÆ×Ã–ÀßÅéÀá Ø×ÞÈÌàÓ ÓàÈ–ÊàÌ–Áß–ãÙÃÛèÀ–ÀàÌÅá–Û×È–Å‹àÃ–ãÏÌ–Ë¯–ÓàÈÉà–ÅŠ×Ì–åØÇñ 10TCN 68-84 ÝŠà–äÌ‹Ç 1984.

ÅßÑà–×é–ËßÇà–ÅàÈÀàÌ–ÈéÌ–Ø×ÞÈ ÌàÓ, ÈéÌ–Ø×ÞÈÌàÓ NXB ÀßÅéÀá ÝŠà–äÌ‹Ç 2000–.

ÍíÈ–ÖàÇ–ÃàÌ–ÅßØÖîÍ–ÎßÄá–Î ê 2005 ãÖß ËéÈ–ËàÃ–ÀàÌ–ÑèÈËßÌà Îê 2006. ÁÜÃ–ÜáÌàÈ–ÀàÌ–ÎíÀ–ÂÜÃ –âÓìÜÃË³Ã–Óê–æÆ.

FAO Lecture Notes on the Major Soils of the world. World Soil Resources Report No. 94 Rome 2001.

FAO Guidelines for Distinguishing Soil Subunits in the FAO / UNESCO /ISRIC. Rev. Legend World Soil Reources Report (Annex 1) 3 rd Draft Rome 1991.

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