IMPERIALISM SOUTH AFRICA. THE DUTCH CAPE COLONY 1652 Established 1652 to resupply ships Boers(Dutch...
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Transcript of IMPERIALISM SOUTH AFRICA. THE DUTCH CAPE COLONY 1652 Established 1652 to resupply ships Boers(Dutch...
THE DUTCH CAPE COLONY 1652
• Established 1652 to resupply ships• Boers(Dutch for “farmers”) take over Africans’
land & estab. Large farms• Boers are also known as Afrikaners – speak a
simplified version of Dutch: “Afrikaan”• Feel they are racially superior to African people• By 1790 pop. 15,000 (10,000 slaves)• Fear uprising – force free Africans to carry I.D.
passes when leaving work
British Cape Colony1806
• South Africa is rich in gold & diamonds• 1806 – British capture Cape colony &
impose British law on Afrikaners• Brit’s continue segregation forcing African
peoples to live far from white settlements
The African Wars
• Zulus – descendents of Bantu speaking peoples (Shosa, Zulu, Sotho)
• Boers/Afrikaners come into conflict with Zulus on the Great Trek
• Zulus led by Shaka – used military strategies (horns of the bull) and disciplined warriors
• Conquest of all South Africans complete in late 1880’s
• Afrikaners pass laws to control movement of Africans and force them to work on white owned farms
The Boer War 1899 -1902
• Boers resist British with guerrilla tactics & commando
raids• British burn crops and force
women & children into concentration camps (20,000 die)
• 1st Total War
Union of South Africa 1910
• Brits defeat Boers – combine old Cape Colony & Boer republics as self-governing nation
• Constitution: gives small white minority power (votes/control gov’t.) over large black majority
APARTHEID Acts 1948
• National policy of racial separation• Blacks are forced to move to “reserves”
(worthless land)• Must carry passbooks (I.D.)• Native Lands Act: reserves 90% of land
for whites• Blacks forbidden in white areas unless
working