4th Generation Mobile Communication

8/14/2019 4th Generation Mobile Communication

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FOURTH GENERATION MOBILE

COMMUNICATIONTO

PERVASIVE COMMUNICATION


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Elements ofMobile Cellular

Communication Network

HLRVLR

cell

BS

Mobile Unit

The Cell

MSC


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MAC layer

Packets from higher layer small sub packets

Stop-and-wait ARQ

Go-back N ARQ

Selective-repeat ARQ

ARQ - Automatic Retransmission and

Fragmentation Mechanism

TYPES OF ARQ SYSTEM


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Stop-and-wait ARQ

Go-back N ARQ


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Selective-repeat ARQ


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Fig-5: 3D Model Representing Mobile Communication Syste

TDMA

FDMA

TDMA,

CDMA

CDMA

LA CDMA,

WCDMA

multirate

CDMA

UTRA

GPRS

GSM,

IS-54,TDMA

AMPS,

TACS,

NMT

Target

2-5GHz100Mb

ps to

1Gbps

2000Mh

z to

2200Mh

z

2Mbps

1800Mh

zto1900

MHz

171 to

384Kbp

s

800MHz

to900MHz

9.6 to

14.4Kbps

935 Mhz

to 950

Mhz

2.4 to

30Kbp

s

On the way. With high frequency mobile extension, accompanying a variety of

new techniques having a data rate 260 times of 3G.

DSP

ASP

Packet

Switching

ISP,WCDMA,

CDMA

uP

GPS

Proposal

for AMC

OFDM


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Introduction to Pervasive

communication


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All these existing and upcoming networks, combined

together, are promising a global scale distributed

infrastructure

for

all-time everywhere communication,

known as

Pervasive Communication,

that seamlessly and ubiquitously aids users in

accomplishing their tasks effortlessly.

Pervasive Communication


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WIRED BACKBOME NETWORK

WIRED over WIRELESS NETWORK

PERVASIVE NETWORK

PERVASIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM

WIRELESS ACCESS

PERVASIVENESS MANAGEMENT

MIDDLEWARE SUPPORT

Network View


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An overallinfrastructural supportto provideproactivelya

rich set of computingcapabilities and servicesto a user (may be a

nomad) every timeeverywhere in atransparent, integratedand convenientway.

Pervasive Computing (PerCom)


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PerCom Components

Pervasive computation

embeded computers and sensors everywhereembeded computers and sensors everywhere

in devices, appliances, equipment, in homes, workplaces

and factories, and even in clothing.

Pervasive communication

everywherea high degree communicationeverywherea high degree communication

through a ubiquitous and secure network infrastructure

with a wired core and wireless adjuncts (shell) that communicate

with the core.


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Computing will be everywhere: pens, cans, pads, boards,coffee machines, alarm watches, etc.

Invisible and sublime

Communication will be everywhere: among all devices

Wired and/or wireless

Single-hop or multi-hop

Some of the devices (like refrigerators, ovens, etc.) alreadyhave computers incorporated, but without the capability ofcommunicating among each other

Pervasiveness


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Intelligent Refrigerator

Take out last can of milk

Swipe cans UPC label,

which adds milk to your

shopping list for Friday

afternoon

Make a note that you need

milk for the guests you arehaving over this weekend

Intelligent Refrigerator


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Friday rolls aroundand you have not

bought milk

You are on yourway back fromoffice

Deadline-basedreminder is sent bythe refrigerator toyour pager

Reminder to Pager


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AutoPC informs

you that you are

now near asupermarket

Opportunistic

reminder: If it isconvenient, stop to

buy milk

Helpful AutoPC


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Pervasive Network (PerNet)


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PerCom Architecture

PerCom architecture can be framed into three broadareas: PerNet

networking,

PerWare middleware,

PerApp applications

To implement this architecture, all the three sets oftechnologies must be used judiciously


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Applications

Middlewares

Network (PerNet)

user

user

user

user

PerCom Model


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Smartness involves accurate sensing(input) followed by intelligent control oraction (output) between two worlds

namely machine and human E.g., a pervasive computing system that

automatically adjusts heating, cooling, andlighting levels in a room depending on anoccupants electronic profile must have some form ofperceptionto track the person

and also

some form ofcontrolto adjust the ventilationandlighting systems

Smartness


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Conclusion


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ThankYou

!!!

4th Generation Mobile Communication

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