2013 Unit 3 PSYCHOLOGY WRITTEN EXAMINATION … Unit 3 Psychology Trial Exam Page # 2 SECTION A –...

www.ePsychVCE.com Unit 3 Psychology Trial Exam

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Student Name: _________________________

2013

Unit 3 PSYCHOLOGY

WRITTEN EXAMINATION

Reading time: 15 minutes

Writing time: 90 minutes

QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

Structure of book

Section Number of Number of questions Number of

questions To be answered marks

A 40 40 40

B 15 15 35

C 1 1 15

Total 90

Students are permitted to bring the following items into the examination: pens, pencils,

erasers, sharpeners and rulers

Students are not permitted to bring into the exam: electronic devices such as phones or

calculators or liquid paper (or similar) or any paper(s)

Materials provided

Question & answer book of 22 pages & an answer sheet for multiple-choice questions.

Instructions

Write your name in the space provided on both the question book and multiple-choice

response sheet

This trial examination is produced by ePsychVCE, which is a non-profit sole proprietorship that is produced with the intention of assisting VCE Psychology students prepare for the end of year examination and thus has not been sanctioned by the VCAA.

©ePsychVCE.com


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SECTION A – Multiple-choice questions

Question 1 Monique was in an alcohol-induced state last night, now after a good night’s sleep it appears that she is now in a normal waking consciousness as indicated by which of the following? A. her decreased sensitivity to pain B. her reduced self-control C. her increased content limitations D. her distorted sense of time Question 2 Holly has just completed a 100km ultra marathon, by running and walking the entire distance over a 10 hour period. According to the restorative theory of sleep, how would Holly’s sleep pattern reflect the additional physiological recovery from her sustained exertion. A. she would have more REM sleep than usual B. she would have more slow-wave (stages 3 & 4 of NREM) sleep than usual C. she would have more stage 1 & 2 of NREM sleep than usual D. she would have more sleep spindles Question 3 After a relatively normal day Peyton goes to sleep, theta brain waves would appear first during stage ___ of NREM. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

Use the following information to answer questions 4-7 Amandine does a double shift at the hospital. Which means she worked from 3.00pm on Thursday to 7.00am Friday. After her shift finishes, she had to ride her regular route through the city to get to Melbourne Uni and then attend a full day at University. During her day at university, she had to complete a 30 minute topic test in the morning and then in the afternoon she has to sort hundreds of completed surveys into numerical order based on the student ID numbers of the returned forms. Question 4 As a result of her sleep deprivation, her performance on which of the following tasks would be most affected? A. the 30 minute semester examination B. her ability to negotiate traffic in the city on the way to University C. the accuracy of her sorting of the surveys into numerical order D. her ability to find her way from the hospital to university Question 5 During the afternoon, Amandine experiences a microsleep. In comparison to her brain-wave patterns during her normal waking consciousness, her brain waves during the microsleep would have indicated ____________ amplitude and _____________ frequency A. higher; higher B. higher; lower C. lower; lower D. lower; higher


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Question 6 All of the following would be potential physiological symptoms of Amandine’s sleep deprivation, except A. droopy eyelids B. shaky hands C. an impaired immune system D. a decrease in body temperature. Question 7 On Friday night, Amandine goes to bed at 10.30pm and wakes up the next day at 6.30am, she experiences REM rebound thus it would be expected that she would have approximately _______ hours of REM sleep A. 1-2 B. 3-4 C. 6-7 D. 7-8 Question 8 Body temperature would generally be expected to be at its highest during which of the following stages of our day A. ordinary wakefulness B. REM sleep C. slow wave sleep D. when sleep spindles occur Question 9 One of the potential causes of delayed sleep phase onset for adolescents is A. the early release of melatonin B. excessive daytime levels of melatonin C. a lack of melatonin during daytime hours D. the delayed release of melatonin at the time of going to bed Question 10 Afferent neurons enable us to A. walk from one side of the room to the other B. reflexively withdraw our hand from a hot surface before being conscious of the pain C. keep our heart beating autonomously D. feel the texture of a sculpture. Question 11 Sensory information is first detected by which of the following divisions of the peripheral nervous system? A. sympathetic B. parasympathetic C. somatic D. central


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Question 12 The _______________ areas take up the largest proportion of the cerebral cortex for humans. A. sensory B. motor C. association D. dopamine Question 13 Which part of the cerebral cortex is largely responsible for pitch recognition? A. the primary cortex in the occipital lobe B. the primary cortex in the temporal lobe C. the association areas in the occipital lobe D. the association areas in the temporal lobe

Question 14 After suffering a stroke which damaged a significant portion of Karen’s left cerebral hemisphere, one of Karen’s symptoms could included A. reduced spatial awareness B. impaired executive function C. impaired facial recognition D. reduced artistic appreciation Question 15 Spatial neglect can be best described as a condition in which a patient A. is unable to see visual stimuli from the left side of their environment B. is unable to sense stimuli from the left side of their environment C. is unable to attend to stimuli from the left side of their environment D. is unable to feel stimuli from the left side of their environment Question 16 In terms of victim awareness for sufferers of Broca’s and Wernicke’s aphasia A. sufferers of either condition are generally aware of their aphasia B. sufferers of either condition are generally unaware of their aphasia C. sufferers of Broca’s aphasia are generally aware of the condition whereas sufferers of

Wernicke’s aphasia are generally unaware of their condition D. sufferers of Broca’s aphasia are generally unaware of the condition whereas sufferers of

Wernicke’s aphasia are generally unaware of their condition

Question 17 The ____________________ in the ____________ lobe are responsible for facial recognition A. association areas; temporal B. primary cortex; temporal C. association areas; occipital lobe D. primary cortex; occipital


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Question 18 An object was flashed to the left visual field via a tachistoscope for a split brain patient who has been asked to name the object. The patient will need to A. select the object with their left hand (from a bunch of objects hidden from view) B. select the object with their right hand (from a bunch of objects hidden from view) C. describe the object until the left hemisphere can figure out what the object is D. draw the object with the left hand and then look at the completed drawing

Question 19 Axons convey electrochemical signals ______________ the cell body and dendrites convey electrochemical signals ________________ the cell body A. towards; towards B. away from; away from C. towards; away from D. away from; towards

Use the following information to answer questions 20-22 Two years ago Uncle Arthur was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Some aspects of his memory have significantly declined whilst other aspects of his memory seem relatively unaffected. Question 20 Alzheimer’s Disease is _________________ part of the ageing process that __________________ A. a natural; can be cured B. a natural; cannot be cured C. not a natural; can be cured D. not a natural; cannot be cured Question 21 Which type of neurotransmitter that is highly concentrated in the hippocampus is dramatically reduced by Alzheimer ’s disease? A. acetylcholine B. glutamate C. serotonin D. cortisol Question 22 Which of the following types of long term memory would be the least likely to be affected by Uncle Arthur’s condition? A. procedural B. semantic C. episodic D. working memory Question 23 All of the following are likely to cause interruption to memory consolidation, except A. interference B. sleep C. a concussion D. being in an alcohol-induced state


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Question 24 Which type of memory has the lowest capacity? A. echoic B. STM C. LTM D. iconic Question 25 Maintenance rehearsal will be least likely to lead to which of the following? A. an increase in the duration of short term memory B. an increase in the capacity of short term memory C. storage of information in long term memory D. an enhancement of memory

Use the following information to answer questions 26-29

Dwayne is watching NBA basketball on Foxtel, the program displays Kevin Durrant’s bio which lists him as weighing 235 pounds. Dwayne remembers that to convert this figure into kilograms he needs to divide 235 by 2.2 (given 1kg = 2.2 pounds). Dwayne calculates that Kevin Durrant weighs 107kg. In terms of Baddeley and Hitch’s working memory Question 26 Which division is responsible for extracting the kilogram to pounds conversion formula from memory? A. central executive B. episodic buffer C. visuo-spatial sketchpad D. phonological loop Question 27 Which division if responsible for making the calculation that Kevin Durrant weighs 107kg? A. central executive B. episodic buffer C. visuo-spatial sketchpad D. phonological loop Question 28 Which lobe is largely responsible for the activity in working memory? A. frontal B. parietal C. occipital D. temporal Question 29 Dwayne’s knowledge of the kg to pounds conversion formula is an example of a _____________ memory that is ________________recalled A. implicit; consciously B. implicit; unconsciously C. explicit; consciously D. explicit; unconsciously


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Use the following information to answer questions 30-34

An experiment was conducted by the history faculty at Newave Secondary College. Mr Thatcher’s year 7 class spent the first half of Monday’s double period learning the 20 British Prime Ministers of the 20th century. They then spent the 2nd half of the double learning the 17 US president of the 20th century. The next day they were tested on their memory of both the Prime Ministers and the Presidents. Mrs Roosevelt’s year 7 class spent Monday’s single period class learning the list of 17 British Prime Ministers (during the 20th century), then during Tuesday’s single period class they learned the list of the 20 US Presidents (during the 20th century). It was hypothesised that Mrs Roosevelt’s class would have a better memory of the British Prime Ministers because they were more likely to be consolidated in comparison to the Mr Thatcher’s class. The results of the testing was as follows

Mr Thatcher’s class Mrs Roosevelt’s class

Average % recall of British Prime ministers 33.1% 51.4%

Average % recall of U.S Presidents 53.3% 53.1%

Question 30 The research design used in this case was A. matched-pairs B. repeated-measures C. independent-groups D. convenience sampling Question 31 The operationalised dependent variable in this case is A. whether students were in Mr Thatcher’s class or Mrs Roosevelt’s class B. memory recall C. percentage of British Prime Ministers recalled D. time between the learning of the list of British Prime Ministers and the testing of the student’s

memory of the list. Question 32 The lower recall of British Prime Ministers for Mr Thatcher’s class in comparison to the result of Mrs Roosevelt’s class indicates that ______________________ has occurred A. retroactive interference B. proactive interference C. retrograde amnesia D. anterograde amnesia Question 33 The lower recall of British Prime Ministers for Mr Thatcher’s class in comparison to Mrs Roosevelt’s class could be explained by all of the following, except A. the large quantity of information learned over the double period B. a serial position effect has occurred C. the lack of time between learning the two lists (of Prime Ministers and US Presidents) D. the similar nature of the material to be learned


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Question 34 Which brain structure is largely responsible for the consolidation of the memory of the names of the Prime Ministers? A. amygdala B. hippocampus C. corpus callosum D. hypothalamus Question 35 Which type of long term memories can be recalled without conscious awareness? A. semantic B. procedural C. episodic D. explicit Question 36 Which of the following is considered a shallow form of encoding according to Craik and Lockhart? A. semantic B. phonemic C. structural D. acoustic Question 37 For Erin state dependent cues would trigger other sad memories from the past whilst she is attending an uncle’s funeral when A. Erin has been to the same church before for another funeral B. Erin sees a photo of her uncle when he was still alive C. Erin is feeling sad thinking about not being able to see her uncle again. D. Erin is sleep deprived after having very little sleep due to the trauma of dealing with the family’s

sudden loss. Question 38 According to the decay theory of forgetting, memories can fade due to A. a lack of consolidation B. a lack of interference C. inability to access the right cue at the time it is required D. a lack of revisitation of the memory Question 39 Which of the following affects the rate of forgetting? A. the intelligence of the learner B. the complexity of the material learned C. how meaningful the learner can make the material to be learned D. learning information over a longer period of time.


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Question 40 According to the semantic network theory, which of the following leads to the most rapid retrieval of information? A. short nodes between the links B. long nodes between the links C. long links between the nodes D. short links between the nodes SECTION B – Short-answer questions

Question 1 (3 marks) With the use of examples distinguish between automatic and controlled processes

Question 2 Monique is suffering from sleep-onset insomnia (it regularly takes her more than an hour to go to sleep after she first goes to bed). She spends a night in a sleep lab to gather information about her sleep pattern. a. Describe why sleep is an altered state of consciousness.

1 mark

b. Describe one psychological indication that Monique is asleep.

1 mark

c. Describe one physiological indication that Monique is asleep.

1 mark


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Question 3 (1 mark) In terms of the survival theory of sleep, explain why possums have significantly more sleep (up to 20 hours) than other animals that have less natural predators.

Question 4 (3 marks) Describe the composition of the peripheral nervous system and its 2 major functions.

Question 5 (2 marks) After falling off a ladder, Molly has suffered extensive damage to the association areas in her frontal lobe, describe two potential symptoms.

Question 6 (2 marks) Lebron has recently suffered a stroke which has resulted in him suffering from Broca’s aphasia. Describe 2 of his symptoms.


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Question 7 In terms of hands a. Explain why a greater proportional area of the primary somatosensory cortex is devoted to the

hands in comparison to other body parts

1 mark

b. Explain why a greater proportional area of the primary motor cortex is devoted to the hands in comparison to other body parts

1 mark

Question 8 (2 marks) Explain why participants were unable to name objects flashed to the left visual field via a tachistoscope in Sperry & Gazzaniga’s split brain experiments.

Question 9 (2 marks) Explain two aspects of the duration of echoic memory that help us in understanding speech.


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Question 10 (2 marks) Explain how it is possible to form new memories for individuals who have a permanent case of anterograde amnesia.

Question 11 In a memory experiment, Kevin was given 1 minute to learn 15 double-digit numbers. He then had to attend basketball practice at lunchtime which lasted for an hour. After the completion of lunch he was tested on his recall of the numbers. In terms of the serial position effect explain why Kevin would have had a primacy effect and/ or a recency effect as evidenced by his memory of the first 5 numbers and last 5 numbers in comparison to the recall of the middle 5 numbers.

a. First 5 numbers of the list

2 marks

b. last 5 numbers of the list

2 marks


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Question 12 (2 marks) Holly has suppressed her memory of being bullied at primary school. Explain the purpose of Holly’s suppression.

Question 13 It took Chantelle 10 minutes to learn how to hook a trailer on to the tow bar of the family car for the annual Boxing Day holiday trip to Tathra NSW. The following year, Chantelle claims she has forgotten how to put the trailer on the family car, so she has to relearn the process. This time it takes her 6 minutes to relearn how to the hook the trailer on the tow bar. a. Calculate the savings score (ensure you show the formula).

2 marks

b. Why is relearning considered the most sensitive measure of retention

1 mark

Question 14 (2 marks) Using an example explain how mnemonics can enhance memory


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Question 15 (2 marks) Dwayne witnessed a violent attack in the city. Two months later he gave an eyewitness testimony in court. Explain how his eyewitness testimony in court two months after the incident might be inaccurate after viewing mug shots of suspects shortly after the incident occurred

SECTION C – Research Scenario

Professor Campus aimed to investigate if students could study effectively whilst listening to music.

60 Unit 1 VCE Psychology students from Hippo High School volunteered to participate in the study.

Students were ranked based on their exam scores in all subjects achieved during the previous year. Students were then paired based on their ranking (1st and 2nd were paired, 3rd and 4th were paired). A member from each pair was then randomly allocated to either the ‘Music Group’ or the ‘Non music group’.

The experiment was conducted over the duration of Term 2.

The ‘Music group’ were supplied with an iPod with a 500 modern songs and instructed to listen to this (on ‘shuffle’) whenever they studied Psychology (either at home or at school).

The ‘Non-music group’ were instructed to only study Psychology in a quiet environment - either at home or at school

The performance of the students was determined by the average score on the topic tests (held fortnightly) and semester examination (out of 100) , with a comparison made between the 2 groups. See below

Professor Campus determined that the level of significance required for the p value was less than 0.05.

A statistical test was conducted to determine the significance of the results based on the difference in average scores out of 100 for the groups studying with music vs. no-music resulting in p = 0.11.

65

66

67

68

Music group Non-musicgroup

Score out of 100

Score out of100

Average

score out of

100 on the

topic tests/

semester

exam


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Question 1 (2 marks) Operationalise the dependent and independent variables in this experiment Dependent variable ________________________________________________________________

Independent variable______________________________________________________________

Question 2 (1 mark) Identify the control group in this study

Question 3 (2 marks) Explain the role of the ethics committee in Psychological research

Question 4 (10 marks) Write a discussion containing

a conclusion based on the hypothesis

the implications of the findings

a description of the weaknesses of the experimental design

procedures to eliminate these weaknesses


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END OF QUESTION BOOKLET

2013 Unit 3 PSYCHOLOGY WRITTEN EXAMINATION … Unit 3 Psychology Trial Exam Page # 2 SECTION A –...

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