To carry nutrients and oxygen to and remove waste from

the cells of the body.

The Function

What makes up the circulatory system?

1. Heart

2. Blood

3. Blood vessels

Blood travels from the heart to

the body through blood

vessels.

There are 3 types of blood vessels:

1. ARTERY

2. VEIN

3. CAPILLARY

What is in the…

red blood cells

white blood cells

platelets

plasma

carbon dioxide

digested food

waste (urea)

hormones

oxygen

The Blood

plasma

red blood cell white blood cell

platelets

Red Blood Cells- contain hemoglobin, a molecule specially designed to hold oxygen and carry it to cells that need it.

- can change shape to an amazing extent, without breaking, as it squeezes single file through the capillaries.

- a biconcave disc that is round and flat without a nucleus

White Blood CellsThere are many different types and all contain a big nucleus.

The two main types are the lymphocytes and the macrophages.

Some lymphocytes fight disease by making antibodies to destroy invaders by dissolving them.

other lymphocytes make antitoxins to break down

poisons.

Macrophages ‘eat’ and digest micro-organisms .

Plasma

A yellow-colored liquid that carries the cells and the platelets which help blood clot.

• carbon dioxide

• glucose

• amino acids

• proteins

• minerals

• vitamins

• hormones

• waste materials like urea.

It also contains useful things like:

Platelets

Platelets are bits of cell broken off larger cells.

Platelets produce tiny fibrinogen fibers to form a net. This net traps other blood cells to form a blood clot.

The Heart

ARTERIES - carry blood

away from the heart

Now let’s look inside the HEART…

VEINS – bring blood

toward the heart

The HeartAorta

Basic Heart

RA LA

RV LV

4 chambers:

- 2 atria (A)

- 2 ventricles (V)

How does the Heart work? (9 steps)

STEP ONE Deoxygenated blood from body travels through VENA CAVA to the heart

Vena Cava is the largest vein in the

body.

blood from the body

• The heartbeat begins when the heart muscles relax and blood flows into the atria.

• Both atria fill with blood at the same time.

STEP TWO Right Atrium

Remember: Blue NO oxygen Red has oxygen

• The atria then contract and the valves open to allow blood into the ventricles.

• Both ventricles fill with blood at the same time.

STEP THREE Right Ventricle

The valves close to stop blood flowing backwards.

The ventricles contract forcing the blood to leave the heart and go to the lungs.

At the same time, the atria relax and fill with blood.

STEP FOUR Lungs

STEP FIVE Blood picks up oxygen

Gas exchange occurs in the lungs where blood picks up oxygen.

blood from the body

blood from the lungs

• The heart beat begins when the heart muscles relax and blood flows into the atria.

• Both atria fill with blood at the same time.

STEP SIX Left Atrium

Blood now has OXYGEN

Remember: Blue NO oxygen Red has oxygen

The left ventricle is the strongest chamber in the heart because it has to pump blood to the whole body.

STEP SEVEN Left Ventricle

STEP EIGHT Oxygenated blood travels from heart

through AORTA• Aorta transports oxygenated blood to all parts of the body.• Aorta is the largest artery in the body.

STEP NINE

Blood travels through body to

organs and drops off oxygen.

Lungs

Body cells

Our circulatory system is a double circulatory system.

This means it has two parts parts.

the right side of the

system deals with

deoxygenated blood.

the left side of the

system deals with oxygenate

d blood.

Aorta

Superior Vena Cava

Tricuspid Valve

Inferior Vena Cava

Mitral Valve

Descending Aorta

Aortic Valve

R Atrium

R Pulmonary

Veins

R Pulmonary

Artery

R Ventricle

L Pulmonary

Artery

L Pulmonary

Veins

L Atrium

L Ventricle

Tuesday 4/23/13

Which type of muscle would be found in the large intestines?

How do you know?

Pick up a red & blue colored pencil or marker

Aorta

Superior Vena Cava

Tricuspid Valve

Inferior Vena Cava

Mitral Valve

Descending Aorta

Aortic Valve

R Atrium

R Pulmonary

Veins

R Pulmonary

Artery

R Ventricle

L Pulmonary

Artery

L Pulmonary

Veins

L Atrium

L Ventricle