Post on 30-Jan-2020
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
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Kingdom Protista
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
Kingdom Protista• 65,000 identified species with almost half extinct
* There is great variety in the way in which they move
and obtain energy.
Protists are microscopic
*unicellular organisms
*all reproduce asexually but a few can also reproduce sexually, exchanging genetic information
*found in freshwater, marine, and moist terrestrial habitats
∙ many serve as food for other organisms in aquatic habitats;
They are often called zooplankton (protozoans) or phytoplankton (algae)
Protists are thought to have evolved about 1.5 billion years ago.
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
Protists are grouped into 3 general categories based on how they obtain their energy.
Some can be both autotrophic and heterotrophic depending on the conditions for survival.
1. Animal-like - referred to as protozoans (pro means 'first,' and zo refers to 'animals'..the first animals)
∙ Ingest or absorb food after capturing or trapping it.
2. Plant-like - referred to as algae
Produce food through photosynthesis
3. Fungus-like - referred to as slime molds and water molds
Obtain food by external digestion as
a decomposer or parasite
Grouped by how they obtain energy
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
The means for movement (locomotion) of protists
Protists are known for having one of the following 3 means of movement.
1) Flagellum - ex Euglena
2) Cilia - ex. Paramecium
3) Pseudopod - ex. Amoeba
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
Flagellates can be animallike, plantlike or funguslike protists. "Zoo" means animal, so animallike flagellates are called zooflagellates
1) Protists that move with a flagella aka Flagellates
A flagella (or flagellum) is a long whip-like tail that the protist uses to move or to catch food.
• Giardia is found in feces infested fresh water and is a parasite in the human intestine that causes severe abdominal cramps and diarrhea.
Trypanosomes cause sleeping sickness but are carried only by Tsetse flies
Euglena• plantlike protists that have flagella
• have chlorophyll
• euglenas have no cell wall and ingest food similar to the way some protozoans do
• euglenas are unique in that they are both photosynthetic and heterotrophic
• possess a red 'eyespot' that enables them to detect light
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
2) Protists that move by using "Cilia" aka Ciliates
Cilia are tiny hairlike projections that extend from the surface of their cell membrane.
They use the cilia to:*sweep food into their mouthlike structures
and*beat them in rhythm to move
The most common know ciliate is the paramecium.
Stentors and vorticella are also well known ciliates.
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
3) Protists that move by using a Pseudopod (false foot).
Pseudopods - (false foot) fingerlike projections of the cell membrane and cytoplasm used to catch food and to move.
Amoeba is the most familiar protist that moves with a pseudopod.
• some amoebas that live in freshwater springs in countries such as Mexico can produce a painful diarrhea in those who have not developed an immunity to their effects
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
REVIEW
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
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Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
https://students.ga.desire2learn.com/d2l/lor/viewer/viewFile.d2lfile/1798/12433/protistsfungi_print.html
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017
https://gtmmedia.discoveryeducation.com/videos/DSC/data/888AE3B6BB024C59A5038196E42A38D7.pdf
Protist Reading
https://students.ga.desire2learn.com/d2l/lor/viewer/viewFile.d2lfile/1798/12433/protistsfungi_print.html
http://www.ck12.org/lifescience/ProtistCharacteristicsinLifeScience/lesson/ProtistCharacteristicsMSLS/?referrer=concept_details
Protist.notebook March 01, 2017