Indian & African Independence

Movements

India

Where did the Indian Independence Movement

take place?

• Indian sub-continent• British India• India• Pakistan (former West Pakistan)• Bangladesh (former East Pakistan)• Sri Lanka (former Ceylon)

Gandhi was known for civil

disobedience and passive resistance

Political Division along Hindu/ Muslim lines,

Pakistan / India

Africa

Characteristics of African independence movements• Right to self determination (U.N. charter• Peaceful and violent revolutions after WWII• Pride in African cultures and heritage• Resentment toward imperial rule and economic

exploitation• Loss of colonies by Great Britain, France,

Belgium, and Portugal• Influence of superpower rivalry during Cold War

Examples of African independence movements• West Africa – peaceful transition

• Algeria – War for Independence from France

• Kenya– violent struggle under leadership of Kenyatta against Great Britain

• South Africa – Black Africans’ struggle against apartheid