CHAPTER 1

INTR

OD

UCTIO

N T

O A

NATO

MY

The position with the body upright with the arms at the sides and the palms forward.

Accepted standard for medical professionals in reference to medical directional terms.

ANATOMICAL POSITION

Sagittal Plane

Frontal (Coronal)

Transverse

PLANES OF THE BODY

• Superior

• Inferior

• Cranial• Refers to trunk only

• Caudal• Refers to trunk only

• Posterior

• Anterior

• Medial

• Lateral

• Distal

• Proximal

• Superficial

• Deep

DIRECTIONS & POSITIONS

Extension

Abduction

Medial Rotation

Trunk Rotation

Elevation

Inversion

Protraction

Plantar Flexion

Supination

Opposition

Circumduction

Supine

Side Lying

Flexion

Adduction

Lateral Rotation

Lateral Flexion

Depression

Eversion

Retraction

Dorsiflexion

Pronation

Deviation

Prone

MOVEMENTS OF THE BODY

Skin

Muscle

Bone

Cartilage

Tendon

Ligament

Fascia

Retinaculum

Bursa

BODY TISSUE TYPES

• How many bones are there in the human skeleton?

• What is the axial skeleton?

• Can you name some bones that belong to the axial skeleton?

• What is the appendicular skeleton?

• Can you name some bones that belong in the appendicular skeleton?

THE SKELETON

Long

Short

Flat

Irregular

Sesamoid

BONE TYPES

A joint is where two or more bones make contact (articulate).

Synarthrodial• AKA Fibrous Joint

Amphiarthrodial• AKA Cartilaginous

Joint

Diarthrodial• AKA Synovial Joint

CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS

FOR YOUR QUIZ

Students should be able to:

• Define the anatomical plane.

• Identify the three different planes of the body.

• Define anatomical position.

• Define the jobs of the tissue types of the body.

• Identify the types of bones in the body.

• Identify the different types of joints in the body.

• Define different ranges of motion in the body.