第一章 緒論 -...

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  • 1

    Facebook 2004 2 Mark Zuckerberg

    Facebook Faceboo k

    MySpace

    Facebook

    Hardy(2008) Facebook Facebook

    Facebook

    Facebook2009123.5 (Facebook2009)

    16 Facebook

    (Nielsen)Facebook 2008

    700% (2009)Facebook

    2008 6 ARO

    2009 8 5,735,530 Facebook 45%

    7 58.37% 2009 11 3 Facebook 500

    ( 1-1-1)

  • 2

    1-1-1 Facebook

    Checkfacebook (2009). CheckfacebookTaiwan users distribution.

    2009.11.12 http://www.checkfacebook.com/

    Facebookcheck.com (2009 9/3-9/13)

    26.69% ( 1-1-2)

    Facebook

    http://www.checkfacebook.com/
  • 3

    1-1-2 Facebook

    Checkfacebook (2009). Fastest growing over past week.

    2009.11.12 http://www.checkfacebook.com/

    Facebook Facebook

    (the wall) (Gift) (Marketplace) (Pokes) (Status)

    (events) Facebook

    2007 5 24 Facebook

    (http://developers.facebook.com/)

    Facebook

    Facebook

    (Social Networking Site SNS)

    McQauil(1993)

    SNS

    Facebook

    (reciprocity) (Valenzuela, Park & Kee, 2009)

    Facebook

    (1) (Information Connection)

    Facebook

    (Weak Ties) (Kenski & Stroud, 2006;

    http://www.checkfacebook.com/
  • 4

    Shah et al., 2001)Facebook

    News Feedfacebook

    Mini-FeedNews Feed

    (Wall) (Valenzuela, S. & Park, N. & Kee, K. F., 2009)Facebook

    (Hargittai, 2007)

    (Group)

    (Group)

    ( 2) (Communication Reciprocity)

    Facebook (Reciprocal Services)

    (Wall Post)(E-mail) (Photo Comment)

    (Applications or Widgets)()

    (Gilbert, & Karahalios, 2009)

    Facebook Coca-cola

    350 Coca-cola

    Coca-cola

    Coca-cola Facebook

    Facebook

    Coca-cola

    (2009)

    Facebook

  • 5

    1990

    Web1.0 Web2.0

    (user- generated interface )

    Facebook (Goossen, 2008)

    Goossen (2008)Web2.0

    Murdoch (News Gorp.) 5 8

    MySpace Microsoft Facebook

    2 4 1.6%

    Gladwell (2002)

    (The Tipping Point : How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference)

    Tapscott (2009)

    N (Grown Up DigitalHow the Net

    Generation is Changing Your World) 5%

    30%Donath Boyd(2004)

    Web2.0

    (Social Network Service)

    ComScore (2009)

    Facebook 2008 4 MySpace

    Facebook TechCrunch

    Facebook (Facebook world Tour) Facebook

    (2008)

    3.5 Facebook

    1-2-1

    QQ 3

    (2009)

    http://search.books.com.tw/exep/prod_search.php?cat=F01&key=Grown%20Up%20Digital%A1GHow%20the%20Net%20Generation%20is%20Changing%20Your%20Worldhttp://search.books.com.tw/exep/prod_search.php?cat=F01&key=Grown%20Up%20Digital%A1GHow%20the%20Net%20Generation%20is%20Changing%20Your%20World
  • 6

    1-2-1

    (2009)

    2009.9.8

    http://financenews.sina.com/sinacn/000-000-107-115/2009-04-06/17

    301048804.html

    Facebook

    Facebook 4.5 (

    2009)

    Razorfish Fluent

    (Kunz, B., 2009)(FIND) Harris Interactive

    Harris Interactive

    Coca-Cola Brown

    (conversation) (York, Zmuda & Mullman, 2009)

    ( Facebook)

    eMarketer

    http://financenews.sina.com/sinacn/000-000-107-115/2009-04-06/17301048804.htmlhttp://financenews.sina.com/sinacn/000-000-107-115/2009-04-06/17301048804.html
  • 7

    (FIND) Universal McCann

    1-2-22009

    (FIND) (2009)Universal McCann

    2009.11.3

    http://www.find.org.tw/find/home.aspx?page=news&id=5568

    1-2-2 48%

    ()

    Armstrong & Hagel (1998)

    14.5%

    17%

    23.5%

    23.7%

    24.4%

    29.1%

    29.9%

    33.1%

    33.5%

    35.3%

    47.9%

    56.4%

    74.3%

    76.3%

    81.5%

    /

    /

    /

    /

    http://www.find.org.tw/find/home.aspx?page=news&id=5568
  • 8

    (Homophily)

    (Social Network Ties) (Brown & Reingen,

    1987)

    (Homophily)(

    ) (Homophily)

    (Rogers, 1983;

    Brown & Reingen, 1987; McPherson, Smith-Lovin & Cook, 2001)

    (McPherson et al.,

    2001)

    Granovetter (1973)(weak ties)

    (strong ties) (Granovetter, 1973)

    (Nod)

    Granovetter (1973)The

    Strength of Weak Ties (Weak Ties)

    (Social Capital)

    (Tie strength)

    ( Gilbert & Karahalios, 2009)

    (Uzzi,1999)

  • 9

    (Lalley, 2009)

    Facebook 2009 12 3.5 (Facebook, 2009)

    Facebook 80 2009 9

    500 (2009) Harris Interactive

    (FIND, 2009)

    Razorfish 75%

    40%Facebook

    69%

    Facebook

    Facebook Arrix

    (Zmuda,

    2009)

    (Critical Mass)

    Facebook

    (Profile) (Post Wall)

    Facebook

    facebook

  • 10

    (word of mouth)

    (Arndt, 1967)

    (Marney, 1995; Silverman, 1997; Henricks, 1998; Gilly et al., 1998;

    Bansal & Voyer, 2000; Writz & Chew, 2002)

    (Silverman, 1997; Writz & Chew, 2002;

    Derbaix & Vanhamme, 2003)

    (Writz & Chew, 2002)

    (Katona & Mueller, 1954; Robertson, 1971; Price & Feick, 1984;

    Katz & Lazarsfeld, 1955) (Bayus, 1985)

    (Katz & Lazarsfeld 1955 Day, 1971 Kiel & Layton, 1981 Price & Feick, 1984

    Murray, 1991)

    (1).

    (2).

  • 11

    (Arndt, 1967; Cunningham, l967; Hugstand et al., 1987;

    Crane & Lynch, l988)

    (3).

    (Coleman etal.,1966; Arndt,l967; Engel et al.,1969; Sheth 1971; Rogers 1983;

    Richins,1983; Reingen & Kernan,1986; Brown & Reingen,1987)

    (4).

    (Coleman et al., 1957; Feldman & Spencer, 1965; Silk, 1966; King & Haefner,

    l988; Crane & Lynch, 1988; Murray, l99l; Gelb & Johnson, 1995)

    (5).

    Robertson (1971)

    MSNBBS

    (2004)

    Gelb Johnson (1995)

    Hanson (2000)

    2-1-1

  • 12

    2-1-1

    nmn-1/m-1

    (2004)

    ---

  • 13

    (Hovland & Janis, 1953)

    (1). (source factor)

    (2). (message factor)

    (3). (audience factor)

    1. (Gilly et al., 1998)

    2. (Engel et al., 1986; Brown & Reingen, 1987; Bansal & Voyer,

    2000)

    3. (Arndt, 1967; Roselius, 1971)

    4. (Ziethaml, 1981)

    Gilly et al. (1998)(1)

    (2)

    (3)Bansal Voyer (2000)

    Gilly et al. (1998)

    Gilly et al. (1998)

  • 14

    (+)

    (+)

    (+)

    (+)

    (-)

    (-)

    (+)

    2-2-1Gilly

    (2004)

    ---

    (-)

    (-)

    (+)

    (-)

    (+) (+)

    (+) (+)

    (+)

    2-2-2Bansal & Voyer

    (2004)

    ---

  • 15

    (Bristor, 1990)

    (Mitchell & Dacin, 1996)

    (Gilly et al., 1998;

    Bansal & Voyer, 2000)

    (Silk, 1966) (Kiel & Layton,1981) (Arndt,1967; Reingen &

    Kernan, 1986)

    (Gilly et al., 1998; Bansal & Voyer, 2000)

    (2004)

    (Bansal & Voyer, 2000)Bettman Park (1980)

    U

    (Bansal & Voyer, 2000)

  • 16

    Bettman et al. (1980)

    (Gilly et al., 1998;

    Bansal & Voyer, 2000)

    Brown et al. (1987)

    (Homophily) (Ties)

    (Homophily)

    (Homophily)

    (Rogers, 1983; Brown & Reingen, 1987; McPherson,

    Smith-Lovin & Cook, 2001)

    (McPherson et al., 2001)

    Brown et al. (1987)

    Rogers & Bhowmiks (1971)

    Brown & Reingen (1987)

    McPherson et al. (2001)

    Brown et al. (1987)

    Granovetter (1973)

  • 17

    (The Strength of Ties)

    (Gilbert & Karahalios, 2009)

    Granovetter (1973)(Tie Strength)

    (duration of time)

    (emotional intensity) (intimacy)() (reciprocal

    services)

    (Strong ties) (Weak ties)

    (Absent ties) 2-2-3 (Granovetter, 1973)

    2-2-3

    (2009)Weak Ties2009.9.03

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_networking

    Granovetter (Strong Ties)

    (Berscheid & Walster, 1969) (Weak Ties)

    ( Wikipedia,

    2009)

    (Granovetter, 1973) Frenzen

    Nakamoto (1993)

    (Absent ties)

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_networking
  • 18

    (Granovetter, 1973)

    Granovetter (1983)AB

    A BC BC

    ( 2-2-4)

    2-2-4

    (2009)Weak Ties2009.9.03

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_networking

    B C B C

    B C (Bridge)

    B

    C Granovetter

    (1973) (Bridge)

    (Bridge)

    Granovetter (1973)

    Facebook

    (Wall)

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_networking
  • 19

    50

    Bott (1957)

    Granovetter 1973 The

    Strength of Weak Ties 1983 The Strength of Weak Ties: A Network

    Theory Revisited

    Ellison, N. B.

    Steninfield Lampe (2007)The Benefits of Facebook Friends:Social

    Capital and College StudnetsUse of Online Social Network Sites

    Gilbert

    Karahalios (2009)Predicting Tie Strength With Social Media

    Granovetter

  • 20

    (behaviorist approach)

    (cognitive approach)

    (hierarchy of effect)

    (Lavidge & Gary, 1961)

    2-3-1

  • 21

    Preference

    Conviction

    Purchase

    Awareness

    Comprehension

    liking

    2-3-1

    Lavidge, R., & Gary, S. (1961). A model for predictive

    measurement of advertising effectiveness. Journal of

    Marketing, 25(6), 59-62.

    (1984)

    1. (awareness) (knowledge)

    2. (liking)(preference)

    3. (conviction)(purchase)

    (drive)

    (2006)/

  • 22

    /

    /

    2-3-1

    2-3-1

    (2006)

    95DOH95-HP-1601

  • 23

    2-3-2

    H. Joseph. Reitz(1989)

    Henry Assael(1998)

    Fishbein & Aizen(1975)

    Berwoitz & Kerin & Miniard(1987)

    Engel & Blackwell &

    Miniard(1990)

    Philip Kotler(1996)

    Fishbein (1963)

    (Attitudes Toward Object Model)(Multi-Attributes

    Model)

    ()(effect)

    i

  • 24

    i

    n :

    ()

    ()

  • 25

    (Wlke, 1934; Cantril & Allport, 1935;

    Knower, 1935; Doob, 1948)

    (Bristor, 1990)

    Brown et al. (1987) (Homophily)

    (Ties)

    Granovetter (1973)

    (redundancy)

    (Arndt, 1967Leonard-Barton,

    1985)

    Frenzen Nakamoto (1993)

    Brown et al. (1987)

    Granovetter

    Granovetter (1985)

    Granovetter

    Brown et al. (1987)

    Wirtz

    Chew (2002)

  • 26

    Facebook

    Facebook (Real-Time)

    (

    )

    (

    )

    Granovetter (1972)

    (Strength of Ties)

    (Lin, 1981)(Wellman & Wortley, 1990)(Burt, 1995)

    (Wirtz & Chew, 2002)

  • 27

    Facebook

    SPSS

    3-1-1

  • 28

    3-2-1

    3-2-1

    Brown Reingen (1987)

    Granovetter

    (Arndt, 1967Leonard-Barton, 1985) Wirtz Chew

    (2002)

    H1

    H1

    H1-1

  • 29

    H1-2

    H1-3

    H1-4

    Goldenberg, Libai, Muller (2001)

    Bansal Voyer (2000)

    H2

    H2

    H2-1

    H2-2

    H2-3

    H2-4

    Granovetter (1973)

    Brown Reingen (1987)

    Rogers Bhowmiks (1983)

    Brown Reingen (1987)

  • 30

    (Chaiken, 1979; Kahle & Homer, 1985)

    (2006)

    (Friedman & Friedman, 1979; Swartz, 1984)

    H3

    H3

    H3-1

    H3-2

    H3-3

    H3-4

    H3-5

    H3-6

    H3-7

    H3-8

    H3-9

    H3-10

    H3-11

    H3-12

  • 31

    Brown Reingen (1987)

    H4

    H4

    H4-1

    H4-2

    H4-3

    H4-4

    H4-5

    H4-6

    H4-7

    H4-8

    H4-9

    H4-10

    H4-11

    H4-12

  • 32

    Facebook

    facebook

    1.

    4

    (time of duration) (frequency) (intimacy)

    (reciprocity)

    2.

    5

    3.

    4.

    15

    5.

    6

    6.

    7 Facebook

    Facebook

    ()

  • 33

    Facebook Zuckerberg 2009 12 2

    1.5 3.5 (Facebook, 2009)

    CheckFacebook 1.06%

    26.69%

    2009 11 3 Facebook 500

    9 (Access Rating Online, ARO)

    ( 650 ) 2009 1

    (2009)

    facebook

    Facebook

    ()

    Facebook

    Facebook

    Facebook

    my3q(http://www.my3q.com/)

    Facebook

    98 10 24 10

    30 30

    1 www.wretch.cc

    http://www.my3q.com/http://www.wretch.cc/
  • 34

    BBS Facebook

    98 11 2 11 30

    413 410

    my3q IP

  • 35

    ()

    (1999)

    (Williamson, 1978)

    3-4-1 Facebook

    3-4-1 Facebook

    Facebook (2009)Facebook 2009.10.11

    www.facebook.com

    3-4-2

    http://www.facebook.com/
  • 36

    3-4-2 Facebook

    Facebook (2009)Facebook 2009.10.11

    www.facebook.com

    3-4-3

    3-4-3 Facebook

    Facebook (2009)Facebook 2009.10.11

    www.facebook.com

    1

    http://www.facebook.com/http://www.facebook.com/
  • 37

    ()

    Granovetter (1973)(Tie Strength)

    (duration of time)

    (emotional intensity) (intimacy)( )

    (reciprocal services)

    (intracorrelated) (spectrum)

    1. (duration of time)

    Holden, Favbrigar MacDonald (2006)

    0.72 2.67

    8.50

    3-4-1

    2. (emotional intensity)

    Granovetter (1973) (intensity)

    Brown Reingen (1987)

    Granovetter

    (FIND) TNS and The Conference Board

    ( 3-4-4) Facebook

  • 38

    3-4-4 2009

    (FIND) (2009)

    2009/10/07

    http://www.find.org.tw/find/home.aspx?page=news&id=5563

    3. (imtimacy)

    Granovetter (Gilvert & Karahalios, 2009)

    (2001)

    4. (reciprocity)

    (reciprocity) wikipedia

    2 Facebook

    Facebook (Wall) (Photo comments)

    Facebook (Wilson, Boe, Sala,

    Puttaswamy & Zhao, 2009)

    Viswanath (2009) Facebook Facebook

    (Viswanath, Mislove, Cha & Gummadi, 2009)

    2 Reciprocity Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocity

    http://www.find.org.tw/find/home.aspx?page=news&id=5563http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocity
  • 39

    Facebook (Wall) (Photo comments)

    3-4-2

    3-4-2(1)

    Q2

    /

    (1) (2) (3) (4)

    Q3

    / facebook

    (1) 1 (2) 2-6 (3) 1 (4) 2-6 (5)

    7

    Q4

    /

    (1) (2)

    Q5

    / facebook (

    )

    (1) (2)

    ()

    (Homophily)

    (Rogers, 1983; Brown & Reingen, 1987; McPherson,

    Smith-Lovin & Cook, 2001)

    (McPherson et al., 2001)

    Likert 1=5=

  • 40

    ()

    (Lavidge & Gary, 1961) Philip

    Kotler (1991)

    Likert 1=5=

    3-4-3

    3-4-3(2)

    vs.

    Q6

    Q7

    Q8

    Q9

    Q10

    vs.

    Q11

    Q12

    vs.

    Q13

    Q14

  • 41

    Q15

    Q16

    Q17

    Q18

    Q19

    Q20

    Q21

    Q22

    Q23

    Q24

    Q25

    Q26

    Q27

    vs.

    Q28

    Q29

    Q30

    Q31

    Q32

    Q33

  • 42

    ()

    Facebook

    (

    2000) Facebook PEW Internet 2009

    ()

    3-4-5

    Pew Research Center (2009). Pew internet & American life project, May

    2008 tracking sruvey. Retrieved Nov. 25, from http://www.pewinternet.org/.

    Facebook Universal McCann (2009)

    14

    (1)(2)/(3)(4)(5)

    (6)/(7)/(

    )(8)/(9)(10)

    (11)(12)(13)()(14)(

    )

    38%

    24%

    15%

    23%

    30

    http://www.pewinternet.org/
  • 43

    3-4-62009

    (FIND) (2009)Universal McCann

    2009.11.3

    http://www.find.org.tw/find/home.aspx?page=news&id=5568

    3-4-4

    3-4-4(3)

    Q34

    (1) (2)

    Q35

    (1) 13-17 (2) 18-25 (3) 26-34 (4) 35-44 (5) 45-54

    (5) 55-65

    Q 36

    (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

    (7) (8) (9)() (10)

    14.5%

    17%

    23.5%

    23.7%

    24.4%

    29.1%

    29.9%

    33.1%

    33.5%

    35.3%

    47.9%

    56.4%

    74.3%

    76.3%

    81.5%

    /

    /

    /

    /

    http://www.find.org.tw/find/home.aspx?page=news&id=5568
  • 44

    Q37

    (1)() (2)() (3)()

    Q38

    (1) (2)- (3)- (4)

    - (5)- (6)- (7)

    - (8)

    Q39 Facegook

    (1) (2) (3) (4)

    (5)

    Q40 Facebook

    (1) (2)- (3)- (4)

    - (5)- (6)- (7)

    - (8)

    Q41 Facebook

    (1) (2)/ (3) (4)

    (5) (6)/ (7)

    /() (8)/

    (9) (10) (11) (12)

    (13)() (14)()

  • 45

    Cronbachs

    0.7 0.35Cronbachs 0.7

    0.7 0.6

    (2008)

    30

    30 Cronbachs

    3-5-1

    3-5-1

    Cronbachs

    vs. .877 30 5

    vs. .510 30 2

    vs. .942 30 5

    vs. .803 30 5

    Cronbachs >.5

    4100.6

    3-5-2

  • 46

    3-5-2

    Cronbachs

    vs. .920 410 5

    vs. .676 410 2

    vs. . 905 410 5

    vs. . 949 410 5

    vs. .939 410 5

    vs. .606 410 2

    vs. .916 410 2

    vs. .910 410 2

  • 47

    Cronbachs

    SPSS

    T

    Pearson

    (biserial correlation analysis )

  • 48

    my3q (http://www.my3q.com)

    413

    410

    206

    50.2%20449.8%18~25

    22755.4%26~34162

    39.5%18~34

    13332.4%

    ()293 71.5%

    4-1-1

    4-1-1

    (%)

    206 50.2%

    204 49.8%

    13-17 3 0.7%

    18-25 227 55.4%

    26-34 162 39.5%

    35-44 16 3.9%

    45-54 2 0.5%

    29 7.1%

    12 2.9%

    31 7.6%

    22 5.4%

    92 22.4%

    2 .5%

    133 32.4%

    http://www.my3q.com/
  • 49

    4-1-1 ()

    () 36 8.8%

    53 12.9%

    () 20 4.9%

    () 293 71.5%

    () 9 23.7%

    5

    171 41.7%Facebook

    228 55.6%Facebook

    124 30.2%

    Facebook5

    273 66.6%(

    )24158.8%

    50%Facebook

    /16239.5%

    13322.7%(

    )12430.2%4-1-2

    4-1-2

    (%)

    3 .7%

    -1 9 2.2%

    - 20 4.9%

    - 24 5.9%

    - 65 15.9 %

    - 68 16.6%

    - 50 12.2%

    171 41.7%

    Facebook 228 55.6%

    124 30.2%

    40 9.8%

  • 50

    4-1-2 ()

    6 1.5%

    12 2.9%

    124 30.2%

    Facebook -1 119 29%

    - 40 9.8%

    - 36 8.8%

    - 35 8.5%

    - 17 4.1%

    - 11 2.7%

    28 6.8%

    Facebook

    273 66.6%

    / 86 20.9%

    133 22.7%

    91 22.2%

    110 26.9%

    / 71 17.3%

    / 162 39.5%

    ()

    / 24 5.7%

    34 8.3%

    22 5.3%

    4 1%

    19 4.6%

    () 241 58.8%

    124 30.2%

    ()

  • 51

    (

    )

    4-2-1 4-2-2

    (F=1.524p>.05df=3)

    4-2-1

    One-Way ANOVA

    166 3.07 .851

    114 3.52 .620

    99 3.71 .616 F=1.52p>.05

    31 4.01 .774 df=3

    Total 410 3.42 .796

    p

  • 52

    p

  • 53

    t 4-2-4 3.75 3.02

    Levene (F=2.838p>.05)

    t

    (t=10.432 p

  • 54

    4-2-5

    (F=1.887p>.05df=3)

    4-2-5

    One-Way ANOVA

    166 1.47 .407

    F=1.887p>.05

    df=3

    114 1.30 .368

    99 1.24 .353

    31 1.24 .338

    Total 410 1.35 .391

    p

  • 55

    4-2-6

    Scheffe

    A>B***

    A>C***

    A>D***

    A>E***

    p

  • 56

    4-2-8

    82.1% 17.9%

    44.6%

    55.4%

    X2

    (1)=62.980p

  • 57

    / /

    4-3-1

    1.99 .975 410

    2.32 1.289 410

    1.32 .469 410

    1.45 .498 410

    3.74 .659 410

    3.89 .708 410

    3.23 .792 410

    3.37 .775 410

    3.42 .752 410

    3.5 .789 410

    Pearson 4-3-2

    .079

    (r=.079p>.05N=410)

    .134(r=.134p

  • 58

    -.189

    (r=-.189p

  • 59

    Pearson 4-3-4

    .231

    (r=.231p

  • 60

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    (2004)---

    (2009.10.23)Facebook A21

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    Education.)

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    (2009)N

    (Tapscott, D. [2009]. Grown up digital: How

    the net generation is changing your world. US: McGraw-Hill Education.)

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  • 79

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    (2009)Facebook

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    (FIND) (2009.7.27)2009/10/30

    http://www.find.org.tw/find/home.aspx?page=news&id=5547.

    (FIND) (2009.8.26)Universal McCann

    2009.11.3

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    (FIND) (2009.8.19)

    2009/10/07

    http://www.find.org.tw/find/home.aspx?page=news&id=5563.

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    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_networking.

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  • 85

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