Appendicular Skeleton (pg 8)

Appendicular Skeleton (pg 8)

• 126 bones

Appendicular Skeleton (pg 8)

• 126 bones• Arms and legs plus the girdles that attach

them to the axial skeleton

Pectoral Girdle

Attaches arm to body

Pectoral Girdle

Attaches arm to body1. Clavicle: Collarbone. S-shaped. Articulates

with the manubrium of sternum and scapula

Pectoral Girdle

Attaches arm to body1. Clavicle: Collarbone. S-shaped. Articulates

with the manubrium of sternum and scapula2. Scapula: Shoulder blade. Thin, flat triangular

bone. Articulates with clavicle and humerus. Has a bony ridge for muscle attachment

Upper Extremity1. Humerus: Between shoulder and elbow.

Articulates with the scapula, ulna and radius

Upper Extremity1. Humerus: Between shoulder and elbow.

Articulates with the scapula, ulna and radius2. Ulna: On the pinky side of the forearm.

Longer than the radius. Forms the point of the elbow

Upper Extremity1. Humerus: Between shoulder and elbow.

Articulates with the scapula, ulna and radius2. Ulna: On the pinky side of the forearm.

Longer than the radius. Forms the point of the elbow

3. Radius: On the thumb side of the forearm. Crosses over the ulna when the hand is turned over

Upper Extremity1. Humerus: Between shoulder and elbow.

Articulates with the scapula, ulna and radius2. Ulna: On the pinky side of the forearm.

Longer than the radius. Forms the point of the elbow

3. Radius: On the thumb side of the forearm. Crosses over the ulna when the hand is turned over

4. Carpals: 8 bones arranged in 2 rows. Form the wrist

Upper Extremity1. Humerus: Between shoulder and elbow.

Articulates with the scapula, ulna and radius2. Ulna: On the pinky side of the forearm. Longer

than the radius. Forms the point of the elbow3. Radius: On the thumb side of the forearm.

Crosses over the ulna when the hand is turned over

4. Carpals: 8 bones arranged in 2 rows. Form the wrist

5. Metacarpals: 5 bones, one in line with each finger. Form the hand

Upper Extremity1. Humerus: Between shoulder and elbow.

Articulates with the scapula, ulna and radius2. Ulna: On the pinky side of the forearm. Longer

than the radius. Forms the point of the elbow3. Radius: On the thumb side of the forearm. Crosses

over the ulna when the hand is turned over4. Carpals: 8 bones arranged in 2 rows. Form the

wrist5. Metacarpals: 5 bones, one in line with each finger.

Form the hand6. Phalanges: 14 bones (3 in each finger, 2 in thumb)

Pelvic girdle

• Attaches leg to body

Pelvic girdle

• Attaches leg to body• Consists of 2 coxal (hip) bones

Pelvic girdle

• Attaches leg to body• Consists of 2 coxal (hip) bones• Articulate posteriorly with the sacrum and

anteriorly with each other at the symphysis pubis

Pelvic girdle

• Attaches leg to body• Consists of 2 coxal (hip) bones• Articulate posteriorly with the sacrum and

anteriorly with each other at the symphysis pubis

• Each coxal bone has 3 parts1. Ilium: largest part. Wing-shaped

Pelvic girdle

• Attaches leg to body• Consists of 2 coxal (hip) bones• Articulate posteriorly with the sacrum and

anteriorly with each other at the symphysis pubis• Each coxal bone has 3 parts

1. Ilium: largest part. Wing-shaped2. Ischium: Posterior portion. Sitting bones

Pelvic girdle

• Attaches leg to body• Consists of 2 coxal (hip) bones• Articulate posteriorly with the sacrum and

anteriorly with each other at the symphysis pubis• Each coxal bone has 3 parts

1. Ilium: largest part. Wing-shaped2. Ischium: Posterior portion. Sitting bones3. Pubis: lower, anterior portion

Lower Extremity1. Femur: largest, longest, strongest bone in the

body

Lower Extremity1. Femur: largest, longest, strongest bone in the

body2. Tibia: On the medial side of the leg. Larger

than the fibula. Articulates with femur to form knee joint

Lower Extremity1. Femur: largest, longest, strongest bone in the

body2. Tibia: On the medial side of the leg. Larger

than the fibula. Articulates with femur to form knee joint

3. Fibula: Slender bone on lateral side

Lower Extremity1. Femur: largest, longest, strongest bone in the

body2. Tibia: On the medial side of the leg. Larger

than the fibula. Articulates with femur to form knee joint

3. Fibula: Slender bone on lateral side4. Patella: Kneecap. Flat triangular bone

enclosed within the tendon that attaches the thigh muscles to the tibia. Protects the knee joint

Lower Extremity1. Femur: largest, longest, strongest bone in the

body2. Tibia: On the medial side of the leg. Larger

than the fibula. Articulates with femur to form knee joint

3. Fibula: Slender bone on lateral side4. Patella: Kneecap. Flat triangular bone

enclosed within the tendon that attaches the thigh muscles to the tibia. Protects the knee joint

5. Tarsals: 7 bones that form the ankle. Largest is the calcaneus (heel) bone

Lower Extremity1. Femur: largest, longest, strongest bone in the

body2. Tibia: On the medial side of the leg. Larger than

the fibula. Articulates with femur to form knee joint

3. Fibula: Slender bone on lateral side4. Patella: Kneecap. Flat triangular bone enclosed

within the tendon that attaches the thigh muscles to the tibia. Protects the knee joint

5. Tarsals: 7 bones that form the ankle. Largest is the calcaneus (heel) bone

6. Metatarsals: 5 bones that form the instep and ball of the foot

Lower Extremity1. Femur: largest, longest, strongest bone in the body2. Tibia: On the medial side of the leg. Larger than the

fibula. Articulates with femur to form knee joint3. Fibula: Slender bone on lateral side4. Patella: Kneecap. Flat triangular bone enclosed

within the tendon that attaches the thigh muscles to the tibia. Protects the knee joint

5. Tarsals: 7 bones that form the ankle. Largest is the calcaneus (heel) bone

6. Metatarsals: 5 bones that form the instep and ball of the foot

7. Phalanges: 14 bones. 3 in each toe, except big toe (hallux) which has 2