NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Fibrous plasterwork – overview
• Fibrous plasterwork is the ‘ornamental, decorative’ side of plastering.
• The tools are different from any of those you may have come across in other areas of plastering.
• The plaster itself is pure gypsum.
• Fibrous plasterwork is almost a trade within a trade.
• There are those who say you cannot call yourself a plasterer unless you can work in all aspects of the trade, and produce good quality work.
A reverse cornice mould with cast
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Operations of fibrous plastering
• Fibrous plaster is made in the workshop and transported to site for fixing.• The basic operations are:
– mould cutting– running– moulding– casting.
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Tools for making running moulds
• Safety edge files• Jeweller’s snips• Surform• Claw hammer• Pein hammer• Square• Saw• Any other tools required for making a running mould
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Materials for making running moulds
• Timber• Metal• Nails
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Construction of a running mould
• Method of forming a template • Forming the stock• Fixing stock to horse or slipper• Attaching a hand brace
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Construction of a circular running mould
• Purpose of a gig stick or extended stock
• Fixing of gig stick andturning eye
• Fixing of turning block to bench
Running mould with an extended stock
Running mould with a gig stick and turning block
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Equipment for running
• Bowls • Buckets• Plaster bin • Canvas bin• Water tanks/slosh tanks• Timber bench with a plaster top
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Materials for running
Plasters• Fine casting• Super fine casting• Coarse plaster• Hessian/canvas• Grease/release agent• Shellac• Nails
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Methods of running out mouldings
Running out this type of moulding uses the same method as for running out any moulding. Only the size changes.1. Make good a bench.2. Grease working area.3. Mark length of moulding required.4. Place nail.5. Mix up your plaster.6. Apply method for running panel moulding.7. Clean down bench, running mould and equipment.8. Remove moulding from bench and store.
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Turning a circular moulding
• Fix block for turning point.• Prepare bench and running area.• Apply method of turning running mould.• Remove moulding, clean down and store.
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Tools for casting
• Splash brush• Canvas knife or scissors• Busks• Joint rules• Small tools• Saw• Hammer
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Equipment for casting
The same as running out mouldings, with the addition of a tank for soaking timber laths.
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Materials for casting
As for running out mouldings but with the following additions:• size• laths.
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Casting a simple plainface
• Make good a bench.• Construct and fix mould from wood to
sizes given.• Cut canvas as shown in drawing.• Cut laths, which have been soaked
in water.• Lightly French Chalk and grease mould.
Mixing plaster• Use two gauge system.• Add sufficient water and size to bowl
and bucket, for firstings and seconds.• Method of casting with firstings
and seconds. Exploded view of canvas for a plainface slab
Laps
Ropes150 mm canvasand plaster
Side laps
Main canvasMain canvas
Casting rules
Plainface 600 x 900 x 40 mm
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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One-gauge system
• The method of casting in one-gauge system• Advantages of system• Disadvantages of system
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Method of forming different joints in plainface slabsReasons for using different jointsTypes of joints• Method of forming SQUARE joints• Method of forming REBATED joints• Method of forming LAPPED joints• Method of forming LAPPED and
REBATED joints
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Constructing a reverse cornice running mould
• Constructing a running mould• Method of coring out for saving materials• Running out a muffle run• Keying muffle run• Run out finish to template outline• Cutting run to length and sealing plaster surface
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Method of running out a reverse cornice mould• Running out this type of moulding is the
same method as for running out any moulding.
Method of forming and using a muffle• Methods of constructing a muffle• Reasons for using a muffle
A template with a false profile or muffle
Hand brace
6 mm
Plaster muffledStock
Slipper
Hardboard Metal Plaster
Nails
Muffle protection6 mm
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Casting from a reverse cornice mould
• Position of canvas• Position of laths• Striking off from strike offs and its
importance for fixing
Method of casting is the same as for casting a plainface
Method of storing fibrous plaster casts and mouldings
Exploded view of canvas reinforcement for a cornice cast
Wads (canvas dipped in plaster)
Main canvas
Reverse mould
End laps
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Faults that may happen in casting
Faults and how they occur• Cockling• Casts sticking in the mould• Holes and misses• Grease on the face• Cracks on the face of casts• Strike-offs not correct
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Moulding techniques
Types of moulding techniques• Flood mould• Case mould• Skin mould
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Materials for moulding techniques
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)• Advantages of PVC• Disadvantages of PVC• Equipment required for melting PVC• Safety equipment for using PVCCold pour moulding compounds• Advantages of cold pour• Disadvantages of cold pour• Equipment required for cold pour• Safety equipment for cold pourClay• Use of clay in moulding techniques• Producing boards of clay
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Flood mould
• Advantages of a flood mould• Disadvantages of a
flood mould• Preparing the model
for pouring• Method of forming a
flood mould• Forming a back case
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Case mould of a centre piece
• Purpose of using a case mould• Preparing the model for pouring• Forming a case mould• Preparing the case mould for pouring• Pouring the moulding compound
NVQ and Technical Certificate Level 2 Plastering
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Skin mould
• Reasons for using a skin mould• Method of preparing the mould for pouring• Method of forming the skin mould• Forming a back case
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