THE REFORMATION
REFORMATION LEARNING GOALS• 4 I can explain how the ideas of the Protestant
Reformation and the Catholic Reformation affected society
and can still be seen today
• 3 I can explain how the ideas of the Protestant
Reformation and the Catholic Reformation affected society
• 2 I can explain Catholic Reformation, Martin Luther, English
Reformation, Indulgences and the Printing Press
• 1 I can explain the difference between Protestant and
Catholic
4
•I can explain how the ideas of the
Protestant Reformation and the Catholic
Reformation affected society and can still
be seen today
3
•I can explain how the ideas of the
Protestant Reformation and the Catholic
Reformation affected society
2
• I can explain Catholic Reformation, Martin
Luther, English Reformation, Indulgences and
the Printing Press
1
•I can explain the difference between
Protestant and Catholic
CAUSES OF THE REFORMATION
B A C K G R O U N D
WHAT WERE THE PROBLEMS IN THE CHURCH?• Problems of the
Catholic Church
• Resentment over Church taxes
• Sold Indulgences
• Corruption in the Clergy
– Popes who had children, spent money on arts
– Monks and Priests were illiterate
• Church turned their back on calls to reform
HOW DID LUTHER START THE REFORMATION?• Martin Luther
• Luther’s Teachings
• Monk and a teacher
• 1517 he wrote his 95 Theses – attacked Indulgences,
posted his statements on the door of the Church in
Wittenberg
• This began The Reformation
• Soon he wanted more changes- based on his 3 ideas
– You can only get to Heaven through Faith
– Church teachings should be based on the Bible – Pope
and church- were false authorities
– All people with faith were equal
WHAT WAS THE RESPONSE TO LUTHER?• The Pope’s
response
• Trial
• Edict of Worms
• His Followers
• Threatened to excommunicate Luther if he
did not take back his statements
– Luther was excommunicated
• Luther stood trial in Worms, Holy Roman
Empire
• Again refused to take back his statements
• An Imperial order that Luther was an outlaw
and heretic
– He hid out in a castle and translated
the Bible into German
• Had become a separate religious
group called Lutherans
• Ideas spread through Germany
ENGL AND BECOMES
PROTESTANT
WHO AM I?
• I played hard to get with the greatest man in the nation. He had to break with all tradition and
beliefs to give me the title I deserved. I had it all until jealousies drove me out of favor and I
lost the only thing one truly needs to live.
WHY DID HENRY BREAK WITH ROME?• Henry VIII
• Reformation
Parliament
• Act of
Supremacy
• King of England
• “Defender of the Faith” for arguing against Luther
• Problem: He did not have a son
• His wife Catherine gave him a daughter- Mary
• Asked the Pope to annul- or set aside the marriage
– Pope said no
• Henry went to the Parliament ended the
Popes power in England
• Made Henry the head of the Church in England
• An oath recognizing Henry as leader of the Church
HOW DO HENRY’S HEIRS EFFECT ENGLAND?• Anne Boleyn
• 6 wives
• Edward VI
• Mary I
• Henry’s 2nd wife- gave birth to a daughter-
Elizabeth
• Charged with treason, imprisoned and
beheaded
• Ended in divorce or death
• Produced1 male heir- Edward VI
• Sickly
• King at 9 years old- continues break with Rome
• Catholic- returns England under the control of
the Pope from 1516-1558
• She kills a lot of Protestants
HOW DID ELIZABETH RESTORE PROTESTANTISM?• Elizabeth I • Becomes Queen and restores
Protestantism
• Creation of the Anglican Church-
State church
– Moderate so that both Protestants
and Catholics would be satisfied
W H Y D I D H E N R Y B R E A K F R O M R O M E ?
R E L I G I O N ? P O L I T I C S ? E C O N O M I C S ?
AS YOU READ EACH FACT- PLACE IT ON YOUR CHART
• Henry wanted a son but his wife Catherine of Aragon had only given him a daughter.
• Catherine was now 42 years old and a son was unlikely.
• Henry wanted to divorce Catherine so he could marry Anne Boleyn, who was in her 20’s and
whom he had fallen for.
• Henry was in the middle of fighting an expensive war with France and he had run out of money.
• If he made himself head of the Church in England then he would get all the Church’s money.
AS YOU READ EACH FACT- PLACE IT ON YOUR CHART
• Whoever was in charge of the Church was in a position of power: people tended to do what
the Church told them to do.
• When Martin Luther published his 95 Theses Henry had written to defend the church against
the accusations. He was given the “Defender of the Faith” .
THE REFORMATION
CONTINUESTA K E N OT E S F R O M T H E T E X T B O O K PA G E S
4 9 5 - 4 9 8
THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION
O R … . C O U N T E R R E F O R M AT I O N ?
WHAT WAS THE CATHOLIC RESPONSE TO THE REFORMATION• Council of Trent
• Inquisition
• Index of
Forbidden
Books
• Meeting of church leaders- led to set truths
– Church’s interpretation of Bible was the Truth
– Christians need faith (and good works) to get to heaven
– Church and Bible were equal in guiding ones life
– Indulgences were valid but not the false selling of them
• Seek out heresy
• List of books
• Rounded up and burned
WHAT WAS THE LEGACY OF THE REFORMATION?
• Religious effects
• Political effects
• Wars and persecutions
• Protestant churches and new
denominations grew
• Catholic church was more
unified, less corrupt
• Religious schools promoted
education
• As Catholic church lost power
Kings power increased
• More questioning of beliefs and
power
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