Protestant Reformation 1517

Renaissance's effect

People began to question their lives and authority

What had become the biggest authority figure of the Middle Ages?

Martin Luther- 1517 German monk Questioned Churches

practices Sale of indulgences by

Johann Tetzel building a church

“ selling forgiveness for sins”

Automatic trip to heaven in after-life

95 Theses

Luther was so upset at church he decided to write down the 95 Theses (95 things church is doing wrong) and nails them to the church in Wittenberg (Germany)

How did this become such a big deal?

effect of the printing press –spread ideas faster

Opened people’s eyes to church malpractices

Martin Luther

“Faith Alone” will save you All should read the Bible in their own

vernacular (language) Priests do not have special powers Simplify the sacraments to baptism and

communion Religious Education for all.

How will people react?

How will the church react?

Church’s Reaction

Want Martin Luther to recant (take back) what he said @ Diet of Worms

Diet – group/assembly

Worms is a place in Germany

Luther says NO!!!!!!!!!!

Hier stehe ich. Ich kann nicht anders. Gott helfe mir. Amen." ("Here I stand. I can do nothing else. God help me. Amen.")

He is excommunicated from church and forced into hiding for the rest of his life

What is the results of Luther’s actions?

Opened people’s eyes to corruption of the church

-soon others began to create new churches away from the Roman Catholic Church based on own beliefs– ex John Calvin-- Calvinism

-Ex. Protestant, Lutheran, Baptists, Puritans, Methodists, Calvinists, and so on.

John Calvin - Calvinism

French lawyer - moved to religious community in Geneva, Switzerland

“Faith Alone” saves you The Bible holds the truth Religious Education PREDESTINATION - God

has already decided who is saved/condemned.

Calvinism

Spreads to France, Germany, Netherlands, Scandinavia, Scotland

Dutch Reformed, Scottish Presbyterians,

American Baptists, Puritans, from this branch.

Henry VIII of England

Wished to divorce Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn

Pope refused to grant it Henry declares himself

head of the Church of England in the “Act of Supremacy” 1534

In America we call this the Anglican Church

Act of Supremacy- 1534

The King is head of the church in England, not the Pope!!

The COUNTER-Reformation

Or,

The Catholic Church

Strikes Back!!

1545 Council of Trent

Met over 17 years Determined what was heresy (against

church teachings) Reaffirmed what was Church teachings Launched the Inquisition, and the Jesuits

Remember:The SpanishInquisition

IN SHORT,THE REFORMATIONENDED CHURCH UNITY IN WESTERN EUROPE