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99 B

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CYjYfla]6@gj]d J]l`]jdYf\k k] hgjl] _YjYfl \m ^Yal im] [] hjg\malkYlak Yal Ymp [jal� j]k \] k�[mjal�( l]dk im] klahmd�k \Yfk d]k fgje]k ]mjgh�]ff]k AJ -444+.,,/ Y[lm]dd]e]fl ]fna_m]mj( ]l im�Ym ege]fl \] kgf Y[`Yl ad f] hj�k]flYalYm[mf na[] \] egflY_] fa \] YZja[Ylagf* Oa( Yhj� k kgf Y[`Yl ]l h]f\Yfl dY h�jag\] \] _YjYfla]( d] hjg\mal ]f im]klagfegflj] y mf ege]fl \gff� mf \�^Yml \] eYl�jaYm gm mfna[] \] ^YZja[Ylagf %\Yfk d] [Y\j] \�mf] mladakYlagf fgjeYd]l]dd] im] \�[jal] \Yfk d] eg\] \�]ehdga&( @gj]d J]l`]j)dYf\k k] [`Yj_] \] dY j�hYjYlagf gm \m j]ehdY[]e]fl \][] \]jfa]j* HY h�jag\] \] _YjYfla] ]kl \] .0 egak hgmj d][`zkkak ]f e�lYd ]l \] -. egak hgmj d]k �d�e]flk ]f l]plad]]l lgmk d]k Ymlj]k [gehgkYflk kmb]lk y d�mkmj]( l]dk im] d]khf]mk( d]k jgmd]e]flk \] jgm]( ]l[* H]k h`�fge� f]k \�mkmj] fgjeYmp( Ympim]dk gf h]ml k�Yll]f\j] dgjk \�mf] mladakYlagfimgla\a]ff] \] [] hjg\mal( f] kgfl Za]f k�j hYk [gmn]jlk hYj[]ll] _YjYfla]*

H]k [Yk kmanYflk f] kgfl hYk [gmn]jlk hYj dY hj�k]fl]_YjYfla]6� H] hjg\mal f�]kl hYk eak y \akhgkalagf \�mf ^gmjfakk]mj

Ymlgjak] hYj @gj]d J]l`]jdYf\k hgmj kY j�hYjYlagf*� H] hjg\mal ]kl j]eak Ym ^YZja[Yfl kYfk d] la[c]l \] [Yakk]

%gja_afYd&*� H]k \�^Ymlk kgfl \mk y mf] mladakYlagf af[gjj][l]( y mf]

Yllalm\] f�_da_]fl] gm y mf eYmnYak ]flj]la]f \] dY hYjl\] d�mladakYl]mj( d]kim]dk f] kgfl hYk [gf^gje]k y [] ima ]klklahmd� \Yfk d] eg\] \�]ehdga*

� H]k j�hYjYlagfk gfl �l� ]±][lm�]k hYj \]k la]jk*� H] lakkm ]kl \�[gdgj�( YZ�e� gm hj�k]fl] \]k Ymj�gd]k( []k

\�^Ymlk �lYfl \mk Ym eg\] \] dYnY_]( y d�]Ym \] hdma] gm ymf] ]phgkalagf ]p[]kkan] Ymp jYqgfk \m kgd]ad %QR&*

� H] \�^Yml ]kl kmjn]fm y dY kmal] \] f�_da_]f[]k gm \][`g[k Ym fan]Ym \m lakkm ]l \m [`zkkak*

� H] \�^Yml ]kl kmjn]fm y dY kmal] \�mf Y[[a\]fl gm \�mfljYfkhgjl hYj Ynagf*

� H] \�^Yml ]kl \� y mf] kmj[`Yj_] %hYj jYhhgjl Ym hga\keYpaeme Ymlgjak� hgmj d�]f^Yfl ]l d]k [geeakkagfk&*

� H] \�^Yml ]kl kmjn]fm dgjk \] d�mladakYlagf \�mf] hdYf[`] yjgmd]ll]k gm \�mf ka� _] hgmj mf \]mpa� e] ]f^Yfl*

� Ed q Y da]m \] hYjd]j \�mf h`�fge� f] \�mkmj] fgjeYd Ym fan]Ym \]k jgm]k( \]k hf]mk ]l + gm \] dY `gmkk] %hYj]p]ehd] mf hf]m [j]n� ]l + gm \]k Zgmlgfk)hj]kkagf imak] \�lY[`]fl&*

� H] hjg\mal Y `]mjl� mf gZklY[d]( hYj ]p]ehd] dY Zgj\mj]\�mf ljgllgaj gm dY hgjl] \�mf eY_Ykaf* H]k jgm]k ]l+gmd]k Yp]k h]mn]fl �lj] \�^gje�k gm lgj\mk( [] ima j]f\ dYhgmkk]ll] afmladakYZd]*

� @]k j]n�l]e]flk \] kgd( hYj ]p]ehd] mf j]n�l]e]fl \]kgd kljYla� � ]f eYla� j] kqfl`�laim]( gfl �l� ]f\geeY_�k hYj d] hjg\mal %ljY[]k \] hf]m&*

� Ed f�]kl hYk kYlak^Yal( \] im]dim] eYfa� j] im] [] kgal( y d�mf] \]k [gf\alagfk \] _YjYfla] kmke]flagff�]k*

� hYjlaj \] imYf\6� HY h�jag\] \] _YjYfla] [gmjl y hYjlaj \] dY \Yl] \�Y[`Yl \m

hjg\mal*

L]f\Yfl [geZa]f \] l]ehk6� H] [`zkkak ]kl [gmn]jl hYj mf] _YjYfla] \] .0 egak* H]k

�d�e]flk ]f lakkm ]l lgmk d]k Ymlj]k [gehgkYflk kmb]lk yd�mkmj] kgfl( imYfl y ]mp( [gmn]jlk hYj mf] _YjYfla] \]-. egak* HY _YjYfla] h]ml mfaim]e]fl �lj] mladak�] hYj d]hj]ea]j hjghja�lYaj] ]l f�]kl \gf[ hYk ljYfkeakkaZd]*

Mm] ^Yml)ad ^Yaj]6� Af [Yk \] \�^Ymlk( ngmk �l]k l]fm \] hj]f\j] [gflY[l Yn][

nglj] n]f\]mj* Hgjkim] [] \]jfa]j f�]kl hYk ]f e]kmj] \]j]e�\a]j Ym hjgZd� e]( ad j]fnga] d] hjg\mal Ym YZja[Yfl( Y[[gehY_f� \�mf] \]k[jahlagf \] dY j�[dYeYlagf ]l \mla[c]l \] [Yakk] %gja_afYd& hgmjnm \�mf] \Yl]* H]k hjg\malkima kgfl \aj][l]e]fl j]fngq�k Ym ^YZja[Yfl JA kgfl L=O[gmn]jlk hYj dY _YjYfla]*

B 88

-4

@akhgkalagf kmhhd�e]flYaj] [gf[]jfYfl dY `gmkk] ]l d]kYmlj]k [gehgkYflk kmb]lk y d�mkmj]6� HY gmkk] \gal �lj] ]flj]l]fm] j�_mda� j]e]fl %n]madd]r

kmanj] y []l ]±]l d]k afkljm[lagfk \�]flj]la]f [gfl]fm]k\Yfk d] eg\] \�]ehdga&* Ed ]kl lgml y Yal fgjeYd im�Yhj� k mf []jlYaf l]ehk( dY `gmkk] [gee]f[] y k�mk]j gm y k]\�[gdgj]j Ym kgd]ad( e�e] dgjk \�mf] mladakYlagf klYf\Yj\*HY _YjYfla] [gmnjYfl dY `gmkk] ]l d]k Ymlj]k [gehgkYflkkmb]lk y d�mkmj]( l]dk im] d]k hf]mk( ]kl hYj [gfk�im]fldaeal�] y mf] h�jag\] eYpaeme \] -. egak Yhj� k Y[`Yl*

?]ll] [dYmk] \] _YjYfla] ]kl [gf^gje] y dY @aj][lan]]mjgh�]ff] 55+00+?A \Yl�] \m .1 eYa -555

H�_]f\]@]kkaf ngaj hY_] 3.

Y* Bj]af eYfm]dZ* >gmlgf \] \�n]jjgmaddY_] \] dY jgm][* ?Yhgl]\* Cma\gf]* R]jjgmaddY_] \]k hga_f�]k^* N�_dY_] \m \gkka]j_* Ljgl� _])Zj]l]dd]k`* =j[]Ym \] hjgl][lagfa* DYjfYak \] k�[mjal�b* DYeY[c* LYfa]j y hjgnakagfkd* N]hgk])ha]\ke* Ngm] Yjja� j]f* N�_dY_] \] dY hgkalagf � p] gm hanglYfl] \] dY jgm]g* Ngm] hanglYfl]h* =\YhlYl]mjki* CYj\])Zgm]j* Bj]af \] klYlagff]e]flk* =\YhlYl]mjk Yj[]Ym \] hjgl][lagf

99 B

-5

Lj�hYjYlagf ]l mladakYlagfH]k fme�jgk \]k \]kkafk ]l \m l]pl] [gjj]khgf\]fl Ymp\]kkafk hY_]k / y 1*N]eYjim]6 H]k [� l�k \jgal ]l _Ym[`] \m [`zkkak k]jgfl \�l]jeaf�k \Yfk dY e]kmj] g� d�gf k] hdY[] \]jja� j] dY hgmk)k]ll]( Ym fan]Ym \m _ma\gf*

@]hdaY_] + hdaY_]@�hdaY_]%-& H] [Y\j] ]kl Zdgim� Ym egq]f \�mf n]jjgmaddY_]

Ym _ma\gf hgmj d�]eh�[`]j \] k] \�hda]j dgjk \mljYfkhgjl* HaZ�j]r d] n]jjgmaddY_] _Ym[`] Ym _ma\gf]f lajYfl \Yfk d] k]fk \] dY � � [`]*

%.'/& Paj]r d] _ma\gf n]jk d] `Yml bmkim�y [] im�ad h�f� lj] \Yfk d] n]jjgmaddY_] Ym _ma\gf Yn][ mf [da[c*

R�ja� ]r ]f YhhmqYfl kmj d] _ma\gf*%0& =kkmj]r ngmk im] d]k n]jjgmaddY_]k \m _ma\gf kgfl

Za]f \�Zdgim�k %-&* LdY[]r d] _ma\gf y dY `Yml]mjkgm`Yal�] %.&*

%1& >dgim]r d]k \]mp n]jjgmaddY_]k \m _ma\gf bmkim�y]fl]f\j] mf \�[da[c*

IgflY_] + \�egflY_] \]k jgm]kH]k . jgm]k Yn][ [qdaf\j] \] ^j]afk \gan]fl �lj] egfl�]k yd�Yjja� j]*%2'3& =hhmq]r kmj d] Zgmlgf Ym []flj] \m [Y[`])egq]m

lgml ]f ]f^gf~Yfl d�]kka]m \Yfk kgf dg_]e]fl* R�ja� ]r im] [`Yim] jgm] ]kl Za]f � p�]*%4& Igfl]r dY jgm] Yn][ dY ^gmj[`] YnYfl ]f ]f^gf~Yfl

d] Zgmlgf %-& hmak ]f d�]fljYfl \Yfk d�gmn]jlmj] yd�YnYfl bmkim�y ]fl]f\j] mf \�[da[c %.&*

%5& HY jgm] =nYfl h]ml �lj] kgal � p]( kgal hanglYfl] %-&*Lgmj dY � p]j( lgmjf]r d] Zdg[Y_] \] hangl]e]fl bmkim�y [] im] \]mp � � [`]k \jgal]k YhhYjYakk]fl \Yfk d�Y²[`Y_] %.&*

� HY jgm] hanglYfl] YnYfl k] � p] \�]dd])e�e] Ym ege]fl g� dY hgmkk]ll] ]kl hgmkk�] n]jk d�YnYfl*

� R�ja� ]r dY hj]kkagf \]k hf]mk ]l _gf� ]r)d]k ka f�[]kkYaj] %ngmk ljgmn]j]r dY hj]kkagf eYpaeme\]k hf]mk \Yfk dY k][lagf ]flj]la]f&*

%-,'--& Lgmj \�egfl]j d]k jgm]k Yjja� j]( Yhhmq]r kmj d] Zgmlgf Ym []flj] \m [Y[`])egq]m ]l j]laj]r dY jgm]\] kgf dg_]e]fl*

� Lgmj ]fd]n]j dY jgm]( ]f^gf[]r d] Zgmlgf ]l laj]r dYjgm] `gjk \] d�gmn]jlmj]*

LdaY_]%5& =PPAJPEKJ6 Hgjk \m hdaY_]( ad ^Yml im] dY jgm]

YnYfl kgal ]f hgkalagf hanglYfl] %-&*� =PPAJPEKJ6 N]laj]r lgmbgmjk dY fY[]dd] Mmaffq

@j]Yea ]l d] ka� _])Ymlg IYpa)?gka YnYfl \] hda]j dY hgmkk]ll]*

� =[lagff]r d]k ^j]afk \] dY Mmaffq Oh]]\a %ngaj Bj]af\] klYlagff]e]fl&*

� N]hda]r dY [Yhgl] %ngaj IgflY_] + \�egflY_] \mhYj])kgd]ad&*

� =kkmj]r)ngmk im] d] j]hgk])ha]\k ]kl y kY hgkalagfdY hdmk ZYkk] %ngaj N]hgk])ha]\k&*

%-.& @�Zdgim]r d]k \]mp n]jjgmaddY_]k \m _ma\gf %-&*N]^]je]r dY haf[] \] \�Zdg[Y_] kmj d] _ma\gf %.&*

%-/& Af^gf[]r d] _ma\gf n]jk d] ZYk bmkim�y d�Yjj�lhmak hgmkk]r)d] n]jk d] ZYk bmkim�y ]fl]f\j] [dYaj]e]fl mf �[da[c�*

� Lgmj d] ljYfkhgjl( Ykkmj]r)ngmk \] Za]f � p]j d] kqkl� e] \] n]jgmaddY_] Ym)\]kkmk \] dY Zml�] bmkim�y ]fl]f\j] mf �[da[c�*

� Lgmj gZl]faj mf hYim]l ]f[gj] egafk ]f[geZjYfl(j]laj]r �n]flm]dd]e]fl d]k jgm]k %ngaj IgflY_] +\�egflY_] \m hYj])kgd]ad&

� =PPAJPEKJ6 Ed ]kl j][geeYf\� \] j]laj]j d]hYj])kgd]ad YnYfl \] hda]j dY hgmkk]ll]*

QPEHEO=PEKJQladakYlagf Yn][ dY fY[]dd] Mmaffq @j]Yea %bmkim�y 5 c_& ]ld] ka� _])Ymlg IYpa)?gka %bmkim�y -/ c_&*

B 88

.,

IgflY_] + \�egflY_] \]k Y\YhlYl]mjk%-0& Afd]n]r d]k \]mp Zgm[`gfk \] hjgl][lagf ]f ]f^gf)

~Yfl d] Zgmlgf %-& ]l ]f d]k ^YakYfl _dakk]j kaemdlY)f�e]fl n]jk d] `Yml %.&*

%-1& BYal]k _dakk]j d�Y\YhlYl]mj N \Yfk d] [� l� \jgal \m dg_]e]fl ]l d�Y\YhlYl]mj H \Yfk d] [� l� _Ym[`] \m dg_]e]fl*?gflafm]r y d]k ^Yaj] _dakk]j bmkim�y ]fl]f\j] mf�[da[c�*

R�ja� ]r im] d]k Y\YhlYl]mjk kgfl Za]f ]f hdY[]*%-2& Lgmj ]fd]n]j d]k Y\YhlYl]mjk( ]f^gf[]r d] Zgmlgf

y j]kkgjl %-& ]l ^Yal]k kaemdlYf�e]fl _dakk]j d]kY\YhlYl]mjk n]jk d] `Yml %.&*N]e]ll]r d]k \]mp Zgm[`gfk \] hjgl][lagf y d]mjhdY[] \Yfk d]k � pYlagfk \]k Y\YhlYl]mjk*

IgflY_] + \�egflY_] \] dY fY[]dd] Mmaffq @j]Yea]l \m ka� _])Ymlg IYpa)?gka� =[lagff]r d]k ^j]afk \] dY Mmaffq Oh]]\a %ngaj Bj]af

\] klYlagff]e]fl&*%-3+-5& LdY[]r dY fY[]dd] + d] ka� _])Ymlg Yn][ d] [� l� ha]\

]flj] d] _ma\gf kmj d]k Y\YhlYl]mjk \m [`zkkak\�hda�*

R�ja� ]r ka dY fY[]dd] + d] ka� _])Ymlg ]kl � p�%]& ]f d] + dY kgmd]nYfl hYj d]k hga_f�]k*

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QladakYlagf [gee] hgmkk]ll]IgflY_] + \�egflY_] \m ka� _] \] hgmkk]ll]� =[lagff]r d]k ^j]afk \] dY Mmaffq Oh]]\a %ngaj Bj]af

\] klYlagff]e]fl&*%.-& Lgmj j]laj]j d] `YeY[ \] dY hgmkk]ll]( \�lY[`]j

d]k n]d[jgk kalm�k kgmk d] j]hgk])ha]\k %-&( \�^Yaj]d�YllY[`] %.& ]l lgmk d]k Zgmlgfk)hj]kkagfk %/&*

%..& @�_jY^]j d]k Zgmlgfk)hj]kkagfk %-& ]l \�lY[`]j d]kn]d[jgk kalm�k y hjgpaeal� \m n]jjgm \] k�[mjal� \m_ma\gf %.&*

� Ogjl]r d] ka� _] \] hgmkk]ll] \m [Y\j]*� Hgjkim] ngmk hdY[]r d] `YeY[ kmj d] [`zkkak(

Ykkmj]r)ngmk \] Za]f YllY[`]j lgmk d]k Zgmlgfk)hj]kkagfk( d]k Y_jY^]k ]l n]d[jgk*

� =PPAJPEKJ6 R]add]r y [] im] d]k Y\YhlYl]mjkkga]fl j]laj�k YnYfl \] hdY[]j d] ka� _] \] hgmkk]ll] %ngaj IgflY_] + \�egflY_] \]k Y\YhlYl]mjk&*

� R�ja� ]r im] d�]fk]eZd] ]kl Za]f � p� ]f kgmd]nYfl d] ka� _] \] hgmkk]ll]*

DYjfYak \] k�[mjal�� =[lagff]r d]k ^j]afk \] dY Mmaffq Oh]]\a %ngaj Bj]af

\] klYlagff]e]fl&*� =kkmj]r)ngmk im] d] `YjfYak \] k�[mjal� ]kl j]dz[`�

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%./& AeZg�l]r d]k ]eZgmlk \m ]jegaj d�mf \Yfk d�Ymlj] %-& ]l � p]r dY []aflmj] n]fljYd] ]l d]k Zj]l]dd]k y dY ZYf\] \�]flj]bYeZ]k ]f ]f[daim]lYfl d]k ]eZgmlk\Yfk d] ^]jegaj \m `YjfYak %.&*

%.0& N�_d]r d]k Zj]l]dd]k k]dgf dY lYadd] \] nglj] ]f^Yfl]f d]k Yddgf_]Yfl gm ]f d]k jY[[gmj[akkYfl y d�Ya\]\]k hYll]k \] k]jjY_]*

%.1& Kmnj]r dY Zgm[d] \] ^]je]lmj] %-& ]f YhhmqYfl kmjd]k Zgmlgfk %.&*

� Rgmk \akhgk]r \�Yff]Ymp ]f @ hgmj d�YllY[`]e]fl\�mf `YjfYak kmhhd�e]flYaj]* R]add]r y [] im] []`YjfYak \] k�[mjal� j�hgf\] Ymp fgje]k %>O 2240&dgjkim] ngmk d�mladak]r*

%.2& H]k Zj]l]dd]k kgfl j�_dYZd]k ]f `Yml]mj* Lgmjeg\a� ]j dY Yml]mj( gmnj]r dY gmkk] y d�Yjja� j] ]l \�hdY[]r dY Zgm[d] \Yfk dY `gmkk] y d�YnYfl Yafka im]\Yfk dY hdYim]* Ef[daf]r hgmj []dY dY Zgm[d]*

%.3& =PPAJPEKJ6 Qladak]r d�YllY[`] jYha\] kmj d] [� l� \m ka� _] mfaim]e]fl hgmj dY eak] ]f hdY[] \�mf fa\ \�Yf_]*

99 B

.-

=j[]Ym \] hjgl][lagf%.4& LdY[]r d�Y\YhlYl]mj hgmj Yj[]Ym \] hjgl][lagf

%N hgmj \jgal] ]l H hgmj _Ym[`]& kmj d] Zgmlgf yj]kkgjl* Af^gf[]r d] Zgmlgf y j]kkgjl y d�Ya\] \]kY\YhlYl]mjk ]f ^YakYfl _dakk]j []k \]jfa]jk n]jkd] ZYk bmkim�y [] im] ngmk ]fl]f\a]r mf � [da[ � * N�h�l]r d�gh�jYlagf \] d�Ymlj] [� l�*

%.5& AeZg�l]r d�Yj[]Ym \] hjgl][lagf \Yfk d]k ]fl]k \] d�Y\YhlYl]mj*

%/,& Afd]n]r d�Yj[]Ym \] hjgl][lagf ]f YhhmqYfl kmj d]kZgmlgfk ]l ]f lajYfl d�Yj[]Ym n]jk d�YnYfl* H�Yj[]Ym\] hjgl][lagf h]ml �lj] ]fd]n� ]f \�n]jjgmaddYfl mf[� l� hmak ]f lgmjfYfl d�Yj[]Ym*

%/-& Afd]n]r d�Y\YhlYl]mj ]f YhhmqYfl kmj d] Zgmlgf yj]kkgjl lgml ]f ^YakYfl _dakk]j d�Y\YhlYl]mj n]jk d]`Yml*

N]hgk])ha]\k� H] j]hgk])ha]\k Y . hgkalagfk*%/.& Af^gf[]r kaemdlYf�e]fl d]k \]mp Zgmlgfk ]f

\]kkgmk \m j]hgk])ha]\k %-& ]l hdY[]r d] j]hgk])ha]\k y dY hgkalagf kgm`Yal�] %.&*

� =PPAJPEKJ6 J] dYakk]r bYeYak nglj] ]f^Yfl k]e]llj] \]Zgml gm k�Ykk]gaj kmj d] j]hgk])ha]\k*

HY `gmkk]� N]laj]r d] ka� _] \] dY hgmkk]ll] Mmaffq Oh]]\a %ngaj

IgflY_] + \�egflY_] \m ka� _] \] hgmkk]ll]&*� N]laj]r d] `YjfYak \] k�[mjal� %ngaj DYjfYak \] k�[mjal�&*%/4& N]laj]r dY hdYim] \m \gkka]j*� HY `gmkk] ]l d] hYfa]j h]mn]fl �lj] dYn�k y dY eYaf

\Yfk \] d�]Ym la� \] ]l Yn][ mf] d]kkan] gj\afYaj] %ngaj Efkljm[lagfk \] dYnY_]&*

� Lgmj j]e]llj] dY `gmkk]( j]_dakk]r)q dY hdYim]*� =llY[ ]j lgmk d]k [jg[`]lk( Zgmlgfk)hj]kkagfk ]l n]d[jgk*� =PPAJPEKJ6 N]� p]r [gjj][l]e]fl d] `YjfYak \]

k�[mjal�*� =PPAJPEKJ6 J] bYeYak j]laj]j dY _Yjfalmj]

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10

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11

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12

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I=JQPAJVEKJAP]dYag� =[[]jlYjka [`] lmllg ^mfragfa [gjj]llYe]fl] af

eg\g j]_gdYj]*� Ef [Ykg \a \Yffa( hjaeY \a hjg[]\]j] Ydd�mkg \]ddg

Mmaffq Oh]]\a( Y²\Yjdg Yd hjghjag jan]f\algj] h]jad [gfljgddg + dY jahYjYragf]*

� L]j mf aeha]_g hjgdmf_Ylg \]ddg Mmaffq Oh]]\a(Yk[am_Yjdg [gf mf hYffg egjZa\g \ghg Yn]jdgmkYlg kgllg dY hag__aY*

� L]j hmdaj] ad l]dYag mkYj] mf hYffg mea\g* JgfmkYj] \]l]j_]fla YZjYkana*

Bg\]jY� OegflYj] ad k]\ad] \]d hYkk]__afg \Yddg Mmaffq

Oh]]\a %n]\a Y IgflY__ag + kegflY__ag \]d k]\ad]\]d hYkk]__afg&*

� OegflYj] dY [aflmjY \a ka[mj]rrY %n]\a ?aflmjY \aka[mj]rrY&*

%/4& AdaeafYj] dY haYkljY \Yddg k[à]fYd]*� HY ^g\]jY ] ad []kl]ddg nYffg dYnYla Y eYfg af Y[imY

la]ha\Y [gf mf fgjeYd] \]l]j_]fl] h]j dY [YkY %n]\aEkljmragfa h]j ad dYnY__ag&*

� L]j jakakl]eYj] dY ^g\]jY( jae]ll]j] dY haYkljY Yd kmghgklg*

� NaY__Yf[aYj] d] � ZZa]( a Zgllgfa YmlgeYla[a ] ad n]d[jg*� =PPAJVEKJA6 BakkYj] dY [aflmjY \a ka[mj]rrY \a

fmgng f]d eg\g [gjj]llg*� =PPAJVEKJA6 Jgf mladarrYj] eYa ad k]\ad] \]d

hYkk]__afg k]frY dY haYkljY \a kmhhgjlg*

N]_gdYragf] \]ddg k[à]fYd]� Hg k[à]fYd] \]d k]\ad] \]d hYkk]__afg � j]_gdYZad]

af imYdkaYka hmflg [gehj]kg ljY dY hgkaragf] ]j]llY] im]ddY \a jahgkg*

%//& L]j eg\a� [Yj] dY hgkaragf] \]ddg k[à]fYd]( Y±]jjYj] d�YhhgkalY eYfa_daY( Yd []fljg \]ddg k[à]fYd] %-& l

hgjlYj] dY [af_àY YddY hgkaragf] \]ka\]jYlY %.&*

Bj]fg \a klYragfYe]flg� QkYj] k]ehj] ad ^j]fg imYf\g ka hYj[`]__aY dg

Mmaffq Oh]]\a( � Yf[`] imYf\g ka klY kgdg ]jea �*%/0& Lj]e]j] ad h]\Yd] [gf ad ha]\] kmdd�Ykk] hgkl]jagj]

h]j Zdg[[Yj] d] jmgl]*� =[[]jlYjka k]ehj] [`] d] jmgl] kaYfg Zdg[[Yl]*� HaZ]jYj] ad ^j]fg \a klYragfYe]flg lajYf\g kmd h]\Yd]*� Ed ^j]fg Y eYfg h]je]ll] \a jYdd]flYj] ] fgf \]n]

]kk]j] mkYlg [ge] ^j]fg \a klYragfYe]flg* Ed ^j]fgY eYfg gh]jY km ]fljYeZ] d] jmgl] hgkl]jagja* O]ka kljaf_] ad ^j]fg Y eYfg ljghhg ^]jeYe]fl] gjYha\Ye]fl]( ka jak[àY \a af[aYehYj] f]ddg MmaffqOh]]\a( ] imaf\a \a e]ll]j] ad ZYeZafg af h]ja[gdg*

SS Y

13

Y RR

%/5& L]j kgklalmaj] ad hf]meYla[g \]ddY jmglY Yfl]jagj](hj]e]j] \YhhjaeY kma haf \]ddY ^gj[]ddY Yfl]jagj] %-&] hga klY[[Yj] dY jmglY \YddY ^gj[]ddY Yfl]jagj] %.&*

� O_gf� Yj] k]ehj] a hf]meYla[a imYf\g ka hgjlY dg Mmaffq Oh]]\a kmdd�Y]j]g( h]j[`� hglj]ZZ]jgk_gf� Yjka Y [YmkY \]ddY \a±]j]frY \a hj]kkagf]*

� Lmdaj] d] jmgl] j]_gdYje]fl]( ]daeafYf\g kYZZaY] hgdn]j]* L]j im]klY gh]jYragf]( fgf ja[gjj]j] Ygdag( _jYkkg g \]l]j_]fla*

=[[]kkgjaOmddg Mmaffq Oh]]\a ka hgkkgfg egflYj] a k]_m]fla Y[[]kkgjagja_afYda6� OY[[Y Mmaffq @j]Yea� O]__agdafg Ymlg IYpa)?gka� ?mk[afg ja\mllgj]� Bg\]jY h]j hag__aY+n]flg� OY[[g afn]jfYd]� >gjkY hgjlYhYffgdafa� KeZj]ddafg ] [dah h]j geZj]ddafg

=RRANPAJV=6 H�mkg \a Y[[]kkgja fgf gja_afYda hglj]ZZ]Yn]j] ]±]lla [gfljYja [aj[Y ad ^mfragfYe]flg \]ddg MmaffqOh]]\a*=RRANPAJV=6 £ hgkkaZad] [`] ]kaklYfg \]dd] d]__]j]\a±]j]fr] [jgeYla[`] ljY ad hYkk]__afg ] a kmga Y[[]kkgja7lYda \a±]j]fr] fgf [gklalmak[gfg _]f]jYde]fl] jY_agf]km²[a]fl] h]j dY j]klalmragf] \]d hjg\gllg _ay af mkg hj]kkgd�ml]fl]*

L]j mdl]jagja af^gjeYragfa?gflYllYj] ad hjghjag ^gjfalgj] g aehgjlYlgj] %n]\a af\ajarrgkmd j]ljg&*

� H�mladarrg f]dd�Y[imY \]d eYj] � gjl]e]fl] k[gfka_daYlg* @ghg mfY hYkk]__aYlY kmddY khaY__aY(hmdaj] Y[[mjYlYe]fl] ad l]dYag ] d] jmgl]( Yd � f] \a ]nalYj] dY ^gjeYragf] \a jm__af]*

� Jgf mladarrYj] eYa dmZja� [Yfla %Yd kada[gf]&( hga[`� im]kla YllajYfg khgj[araY ] hgdn]j]*

� ^_dTQ H�gdag ] ad _jYkkg \Yff]__aYfg ad^mfragfYe]flg \]d ^j]fg Y eYfg*

Bg\]jY� OegflYj] ad k]\ad] \]d hYkk]__afg \Yddg Mmaffq

Oh]]\a %n]\a Y IgflY__ag + kegflY__ag \]d k]\ad]\]d hYkk]__afg&*

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%/4& AdaeafYj] dY haYkljY \Yddg k[`a]fYd]*� HY ^g\]jY ] ad []kl]ddg nYffg dYnYla Y eYfg af Y[imY

la]ha\Y [gf mf fgjeYd] \]l]j_]fl] h]j dY [YkY %n]\aEkljmragfa h]j ad dYnY__ag&*

� L]j jakakl]eYj] dY ^g\]jY( jae]ll]j] dY haYkljY Yd kmghgklg*

� NaY__Yf[aYj] d] � ZZa]( a Zgllgfa YmlgeYla[a ] ad n]d[jg*

� =PPAJVEKJA6 BakkYj] dY [aflmjY \a ka[mj]rrY \afmgng f]d eg\g [gjj]llg*

� =PPAJVEKJA6 Jgf mladarrYj] eYa ad k]\ad] \]dhYkk]__afg k]frY dY haYkljY \a kmhhgjlg*

Nmgl]� Cgf� Yj] d] jmgl] � fg Y\ mfY hj]kkagf] eYkkaeY

\a .4 LOE+.(, >Yj( [gf d�Ymkadag \]ddY hgehY ^gjfalYafka]e] Ydd�Yjla[gdg* J]d [Ykg af [ma d] jmgl] fgfkaYfg _gf� Yl] Y km²[a]frY( ka hm� n]ja� [Yj] mfY dgjg mkmjY hj][g[]*

� O] dY [Ye]jY \�YjaY � ^gjYlY( dY ka hm� jahYjYj] [ge] ka ^Yj]ZZ] h]j mfY Za[a[d]llY ghhmj] dY ka ^YY__amklYj] hj]kkg mf�g²[afY \a jahYjYragfa h]jZa[a[d]ll]*

14

Efkljm~� ]k _]jYak� K Mmaffq Oh]]\a hg\] k]j mladarY\g hYjY [jaYf~Yk \] , Y

0 Yfgk \] a\Y\] %h]kg expaeg \] -1 c_&* LYjY mladarY~|g[ge [Y\]ajY Ymlg IYpa)?gka gm g []klg hYjY Z]Z�k Mmaffq@j]Yea( k]ehj] hj]nYd][] g h]kg expaeg af\a[Y\g hYjY Y[Y\]ajY Ymlg gm []klg hYjY Z]Z�k*

� Qladar] g [Yjjaf`g Mmaffq Oh]]\a Yh]fYk hYjY meY [jaYf~Y\] [Y\Y n]r*

� N][ge]f\Y)k] Y mladarY~|g \g Mmaffq Oh]]\a [geg[Yjjaf`g \] hYkk]ag Yh]fYk imYf\g Y [jaYf~Y bx [gfk]im]k]flYj)k] kgraf`Y( g im] ]e _]jYd k] \x \]hgak \gk 2e]k]k*

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� MmYf\g ]klan]j Y YZjaj( ^][`Yj gm YbmklYj g Mmaffq Oh]]\a(eYfl]f`Y k]ehj] Y [jaYf~Y dgf_] \g Yd[Yf[] \Yk h]~Yke� n]ak*

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� K ljYn|g eYfmYd � \]klafY\g Yh]fYk [geg �ljYn|g YmpadaYj�* Jmf[Y g mladar] [geg ljYn|g \] ]klY[agfYe]flg*

� ?gfljgd] ] daeh] g Mmaffq Oh]]\a j]_mdYje]fl]* Jmf[Ymladar] hjg\mlgk \] daeh]rY Y_j]kkangk gm dmZja� [Yfl]k %[gekada[gf]&*

� Jmf[Y d]nYfl] g Mmaffq Oh]]\a bmflYe]fl] [geY [jaYf~Y] f|g mladar] ]k[Y\Yk %jgdYfl]k& [ge meY [jaYf~Y fg[Yjjaf`g*

� Qladar] Yh]fYk Y[]kk� jagk gja_afYak ] [gehgf]fl]k YhjgnY\gk h]dg ^YZja[Yfl]*

� J|g ^Y~Y eg\a� [Y~� ]k Yg hjg\mlg* O] lan]j im]apYk gm hjgZd]eYk( ]flj] ]e [gflY[lg [ge g k]m ^gjf][]\gj gmaehgjlY\gj*

� IYfl]f`Y gk eYl]jaYak \] hdxkla[g \Y ]eZYdY_]e ^gjY \gYd[Yf[] \] [jaYf~Yk( hYjY ]nalYj jak[gk \] km^g[Y~|g*

?gf_jYlmdY~� ]kB]da[alYeg)ngk h]dY Yimaka~|g \]klY Mmaffq Oh]]\a*

Jg \]k]fngdnae]flg \Y [Y\]ajY \g [Yjjaf`g \] hYkk]agMmaffq Oh]]\a( Y fgkkY hj]g[mhY~|g hjaf[ahYd k]ehj] ^gaY k]_mjYf~Y( g [gf^gjlg ] Y ^Y[ada\Y\] \] mladarY~|g* Akl]hjg\mlg [mehj] Yk eYak ja_gjgkYk fgjeYk \] k]_mjYf~Y* =afn]kla_Y~|g \]egfkljgm im] emalYk \Y [Y\]ajY \g [Yjjaf`g\] hYkk]ag k|g mladarY\Yk \] eYf]ajY af[gjj][lY*

Lgj Yngj d]aY Yk afkljm~� ]k [ge emalY Yl]f~|g* = k]_mjYf~Y \Y [Y\]ajY Mmaffq Oh]]\a ]klYjx YZkgdmlYe]fl]_YjYfla\Y Yh]fYk imYf\g mladarY\Y [gf^gje] Yk afkljm~� ]k*

CjY~Yk yk [gfklYfl]k afn]kla_Y~� ]k d]nY\Yk Y [YZg h]dg fgkkg \]hYjlYe]flg \] \]k]fngdnae]flg \g hjg\mlg(Ygk ]fkYagk j]YdarY\gk hgj l�[fa[gk ] yk j]Y[~� ]k \gk [gfkmea\gj]k( gk hjg\mlgk \Y Mmaffq ]kl|g k]ehj]\glY\gk [ge Yk eYak j][]fl]k afgnY~� ]k ]e eYl�jaY \] k]_mjYf~Y hYjY Yk [jaYf~Yk* Pg\Yk Yk kmYk im]kl� ]k ] km_]kl� ]k ]e j]dY~|g Yg mkg \Y [Y\]ajY Mmaffq Oh]]\a k|g k]ehj] Z]e)naf\Yk*

SS `

15

=REOK� Lj]f\Y k]ehj] Y [jaYf~Y [ge Y YjeY~|g \g [aflg

\] k]_mjYf~Y ] mladar])g k]ehj] [ge Y [gjj]aYafl]je�\aY \Yk h]jfYk ]e [geZafY~|g [ge gk[aflgk af^]jagj]k ] \gk geZjgk( lYeZ�e k] mladarYjg YZY^g hYjY gk h�k*

=REOK� =l]f~|g yk h]~Yk h]im]fYk( [geg gk [Ykimad gk

\Y nxdnmdY \Yk jg\Yk* = [jaYf~Y hg\] Yk ]f_gdaj([ge jak[g \] km^g[Y~|g* Lgj akkg( Yh]jl])Yk Z]e*PYeZ�e Y ZgeZY hgjlxlad \]n] k]j eYfla\Y ^gjY\g Yd[Yf[] \Yk [jaYf~Yk*

=REOK� LYjY meY mladarY~|g k]_mjY( Y[gfk]d`Yegk Y f|g

hYlafYj gm [gjj]j [ge g [Yjjaf`g*

=REOK� ?]jla� im])k] \] im] g []klg hYjY Z]Z�k(

Y\YhlY\gj]k ]+gm Y [Y\]ajY \g [Yjjaf`g \] hYkk]ag]kl|g [gjj][lYe]fl] egflY\gk*

=REOK� =k jg\Yk hg\]e \]apYj eYj[Yk ]k[mjYk kgZj] Yd_mfk

lahgk \] hakg %hjaf[ahYde]fl] hakgk dakgk( [geghYjim]l]( dYeafY\g \] hdxkla[g( daf� d]g( ]l[*&*

EILKNP=JPA6 d]aY hjae]ajYe]fl]"H]aY Yl]flYe]fl] ]kl] eYfmYd \] afkljm~� ]k ] _mYj\])g hYjY ^mlmjY [gfkmdlY* K f|g [mehjae]flg\Yk afkljm~� ]k [gfla\Yk fg eYfmYd hg\] [gdg[Yj ]e jak[g Y k]_mjYf~Y \Y kmY [jaYf~Y* K [Yjjaf`gMmaffq Oh]]\a ^ga YhjgnY\g [gf^gje] Yk fgjeYk6JBO 10),,-( AJ -4446.,,/' =-+=.+=/6.,,1( >O30,56-552*

=REOK� = k]_mjYf~Y \Y kmY [jaYf~Y � \Y kmY

j]khgfkYZada\Y\]*

=REOK� @]kY[gfk]d`Yegk Y mladarY~|g \g [Yjjaf`g \]

hYkk]ag hYjY [jaYf~Yk [ge e]fgk \] 2 e]k]k*

=REOK� Jmf[Y \]ap] Y [jaYf~Y kgraf`Y fg [Yjjaf`g \]

hYkk]ag*

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]klYZada\Y\] \g [Yjjaf`g ] Yme]flY g jak[g \] najYj*

` RR

2,

� K \]^]alg k]bY [YmkY\g h]dY mladarY~|g \] hjYf[`Y gmYkk]flgk hYjY d]nYj gmljY [jaYf~Y*

� PjYlYj)k] \] \]k_Ykl] fgjeYd fYk jg\Yk( hf]mk ] + gm [YhY%[geg ^mjg fg hf]m gm egdYk \] hj]kk|g kgdlYk&*

� P]f`Y g[gjja\g meY � [gdak|g� \g hjg\mlg [gfljY( hgj ]p]ehdg( me dYf[ad \] hYkk]ag gm meY hgjlY h]kY\Y* =kjg\Yk ] + gm ]apgk hg\]e k] \]^gjeYj gm ]eh]fYj( h]dgim] g [Yjjaf`g f|g jg\Yjx \] ^gjeY [gjj][lY*

� @Yfgk Y hakgk( [geg \] dYeafY\gk \] hdxkla[g( hgjeYf[`Yk [YmkY\Yk h]dYk jg\Yk*

� Kk l]jegk ] [gf\a~� ]k \Y _YjYflaY( Y[aeY e]f[agfY\gk( f|g k]bYe kYlak ]algk*

= hYjlaj \] imYf\g6� K hjYrg \] _YjYflaY l]e af�[ag Y hYjlaj \Y \YlY \]

Yimaka~|g \g hjg\mlg*

Lgj imYflg l]ehg6� K hjYrg \] _YjYflaY hYjY Y YjeY~|g l]e nYda\Y\] \] .0

e]k]k [gfk][mlangk* LYjY Yk hYjl]k ]e l][a\g ] gmljYk Zh]~Yk kmb]alYk Y \]k_Ykl]( Y _YjYflaY Yhda[Yj)k])x hgj meh]j�g\g \] -. e]k]k [gfk][mlangk* = _YjYflaY hg\] Yh]fYk k]j mkm^jm�\Y h]dg hjae]ajg hjghja]lxjag( f|g k]f\g hgj akkg ljYfkeakk�n]d*

K im] \]n] ^Yr]j6� Ae [Ykg \] \]^]algk fg hjg\mlg( \]n]jx \aja_aj)k] Yg

k]m ^gjf][]\gj* ?Ykg ]kl] f|g hgkkY j]hYjYj g \]^]alg(ljYlYjx \] ]fnaYj g hjg\mlg Yg ^YZja[Yfl]( bmflYe]fl][ge meY \]k[ja~|g \]lYd`Y\Y \Y j][dYeY~|g Z]e [geg\Y ^Y[lmjY gja_afYd \YlY\Y* Kk hjg\mlgk im] k]bYe\]ngdna\gk \aj][lYe]fl] Yg ^YZja[Yfl]( k]j|g AT?HQ¤@KO\Y [gZ]jlmjY \Y _YjYflaY*

CYjYflaY= @gj]d J]l`]jdYf\k _YjYfl] im] ]kl] hjg\mlg [mehj] [gegk j]imakalgk \] k]_mjYf~Y im] ]kl|g \]k[jalgk fYk fgjeYkAmjgh]aYk ]e na_gj AJ -444 + .,,/* Mm] fg ege]flg \YYimaka~|g( g hjg\mlg f|g \]n] Yhj]k]flYj f]f`me \]^]alg]e l]jegk \] [gehgka~|g ] ^YZja[Y~|g* Ae [Ykg \] im] ghjg\mlg( \mjYfl] Y na_�f[aY \Y _YjYflaY( Yhj]k]fl] \]^]algk\] eYl]jaYak gm \] ^YZja[Y~|g %\]k\] im] mladarY\g \] ^gjeYfgjeYd( lYd [geg � \]k[jalg fYk afkljm~� ]k \] mladarY~|g& Y @gj]d J]l`]jdYf\k Ykkmeajx Y j]khgfkYZada\Y\] h]dYkmY j]hYjY~|g gm kmZklalma~|g* K h]j�g\g \] _YjYflaY � \] .0 e]k]k hYjY Y YjeY~|g e]lxda[Y ] \] -. e]k]k hYjYgk [gehgf]fl]k ]e l�plad ] Yk gmljYk h]~Yk kmb]alYk Y\]k_Ykl]k( [geg jg\Yk( jgdYe]flgk( ]l[* = _YjYflaY f|gYZjYf_] gk \]k_Ykl]k fgjeYak( j]kmdlYfl]k \] mladarY~|gimgla\aYfY*

= _YjYflaY h]j\] Y nYda\Y\] fgk k]_mafl]k [Ykgk6� K hjg\mlg f|g ^gj ]flj]_m] hYjY j]hYjY~|g Y me

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h]dg j][aZg \] Yimaka~|g gja_afYd*� Kk \]^]algk j]kmdl]e \Y mladarY~|g gm eYfml]f~|g

af[gjj][lY( im] f|g j]kh]al]e Yk afkljm~� ]k [gfla\Yk fg eYfmYd \] afkljm~� ]k \] mladarY~|g*

� =k j]hYjY~� ]k k]bYe ]^][lmY\Yk hgj l]j[]ajgk*� K[gjj]j \]k[gdgjY~|g( \Yfgk Yg l][a\g gm eYf[`Yk fg

l][a\g j]kmdlYfl]k \] dYnY_]e gm [`mnY ] Y ]phgka~|g]p[]kkanY y dmr kgdYj %QR&*

� K \]^]alg k]bY [YmkY\g hgj Y[lgk \] f]_da_�f[aY( \Yfgkj]kmdlYfl]k \] [gdak� ]k [gfljY g l][a\g ] Yg kmhgjl]*

� K \]^]alg k]bY j]kmdlY\g \] me Y[a\]fl] gm \] ljYfkhgjl]hgj Yna|g*

� K \]^]alg k]bY j]kmdlYfl] \] kgZj][Yjj]_Ye]flg %\g h]kgexpaeg hYjY Y [jaYf~Y ] Yk [gehjYk&*

SS `

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2.

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2/

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` RR

20

Mmaffq Oh]]\a( e]keg imYf\g ]klY[agfYj k� hgj me afklYfl]*

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SS `

21

` RR

Ng\Yk� Af[`Y gk hf]mk [ge hj]kk|g \] fg expaeg .4

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