Wood Whale Oil Coal → Oil → Gas Era Alternatives Hidden ... · producing oil and gas from...
Transcript of Wood Whale Oil Coal → Oil → Gas Era Alternatives Hidden ... · producing oil and gas from...
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Geological Survey of
Western Australia
Hidden potential in tight petroleum reservoirs of Western Australia: a review
K. Ameed R. Ghori Geological Survey of Western Australia
Perth Convention & Exhibition Centre
Friday, February 24, 2017 - 3:00 PM - 3:25 PM
Natural Gas Era
Pre Wood Whale Oil Post - Alternatives Coal → Oil → Gas Era
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Presentation - overview
• Background - Energy in the next century
• Energy use and outlook
• Geological and technological advancements
• Australian resources
• Western Australian resources
• Conclusions
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Background - World Energy Mix
Affordable → Available → Reliable → Sustainable
• Crude Oil – Transportation
• Coal – Electricity: lifting poverty of poor nations
Continuous not intermittent
• Methane-Hydrogen-Nuclear
Various technologies - yet-to-be-developed
(Scott Tinker AAPG Explorer Jan 2017)
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Western Australian Energy Mix
55
30
13
2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Natural gas Crude oil Coal Renewable
Percentage Natural gas and power are
fundamental to the world’s
economic growth + quality of life,
including Western Australia
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Energy Outlook - EIA 2016
84% Fossil Fuel and others16% 78% Fossil Fuel and others22%
Australia: 38% oil, 32% coal, 24% gas and 6% renewables (2013-14)
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Petroleum Production 2015
326767.1
22358.1
194.79
2034.4
19087.98
227946.9
16.8588
260855.806
1.00
10.00
100.00
1,000.00
10,000.00
100,000.00
1,000,000.00
Carnarvon Canning Perth
Oil (kL)
Condensate (kL)
Gas (KCM)
329,000 kL Liquid + 228 KCM Gas 19,000 kL Liquid + 261 KCM Gas
Quality and Quantity of
Reservoirs
The US is leading the world in producing oil and gas from tight-petroleum reservoirs.
Oil production in the US started in 1850s with a total production of 2000 barrels of oil.
Since then, developments continued in geoscientific techniques with drilling and well-completion technologies.
Geology and technology enabled production from the tightest and richest shale reservoirs.
The US achieved the world’s highest oil and gas production in 2012; the equivalent of over 25 million barrels per day.
However, potential of tight petroleum reservoirs is hidden in other countries, including Australia and specifically, Western Australia.
Shale has massive global energy resource
Out look AAPG Explorer June 2015
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Resource categories
Remaining
Technically recoverable
Economically recoverable
Proved reserves
Crude oil Natural gas
Australia
USA
USA 437 Tcf Gas
17.4 B bbl Oil
EIA 2013
1000 Tcf Gas
Cook et. al,2013
USA Production in Federal and Non-Federal Areas
Policy that affects energy supply should be based on sound and factual geoscience rather than a collection of misstatements and misrepresentations of fact.
Hydraulic fracturing, access to public lands, carbon storage, energy supply are not just North American issues, but worldwide issues affecting the geoscience professional.
Source: Explorer October 2016
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Global gas resources
15 Richest countries
437 Tcf Gas 17.4 B bbl Oil
EIA 2013
1000 Tcf Gas
Cook et. al,2013
No Activity
19.2 Tcf Gas
Highest
Activity Cooper Basin
93 Tcf gas
1.6 B bbls oil
29 wells
43.7
12.8
Tcf Gas
33 Tcf Gas
500 M bbls Oil
Fitzroy & Gregory
troughs Carboniferous Laurel
Formation
Officer Basin Neoproterozoic
Steptoe, Kanpa,
Hussar & Browne
formations
Dandaragan
Trough Triassic Kockatea
Shale & Permian
Carynginia Formation
Willara & Kidson
sub-basins Ordovician Goldwyer
Formation
Merlinleigh &
Byro sub-basins Permian Byro &
Wooramel groups
Perth Basin
Carnarvon
Basin
Canning
Basin
Officer
Basin
Upper Devonian Petroleum System. Current discoveries
Lower Carboniferous Petroleum System.
Major current discoveries
Ordovician Petroleum System.
Major shale resources
Canning Basin
Canning Basin Tight-petroleum
resources
Energy Information Agency/ Advanced Resources International
Shale Gas & Oil
Devonian-
Carboniferous
Tight-sand
(~300Tcf Buru)
and shale plays
Ordovician
Shale-
petroleum
Plays
Gas: 229 Tcf
Oil: 10 B bbls
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Ordovician petroleum systems
Goldwyer
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Canning Basin production - 2012
0.0
2,000.0
4,000.0
6,000.0
8,000.0
10,000.0
12,000.0
14,000.0
Blina Boundary Sundown Ungani WestTerrace
Oil kilo Litres
Significant discovery for the basin
Dandaragan
Trough
Bunbary
Trough
Mandurah
Terrace
Tectonic
Units
Perth Basin • Time-stratigraphy
• Source
• Reservoirs
• Petroleum systems
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Perth Basin - 2015
194.79
31 40.18
18381.1
260.1 375.6
3196.1 2328.53
11143.45
129.391
77746.235 128152.1
38160
1.00
10.00
100.00
1,000.00
10,000.00
100,000.00
1,000,000.00
BeharraSpringsNorth
Corybas Dongara Hovea Red Gully Redback Tarantula
Oil (kL)
Condensate (kL)
Gas (KCM)
Tight
sand
Fracturing Quality - Petrography Permian Carynginia Formation
Redback 1: 3762.00 m
TOC = 2.38%
Ro = 1.40%
Brittleness: 0.38
Triassic Kockatea Shale
Redback 2: 3788.52 m
TOC = 2.29%
Ro = 1.32%
Brittleness: 0.29
Petroleum Resources
Permian Carynginia
Formation: Gas 24.8 Tcf
Triassic Kockatea
Shale: Gas 7.9 Tcf
Oil: 0.54 billion bbl
Gas Reserves: 0.05 Tcf (2P)
Gas Resources: 0.33 Tcf (2C)
Gas Reserves: 12 Tcf
(GIIP)
Source: Department
of Mines &
Petroleum
Source: EIA/ARI
2013
Total Gross: + 700 Bcf
Waitsia Gasfield 2014
largest on shore discovery
Reserves: 89 Bcf (2P)
Resources: 153 Bcf (2C) Source: AWE 2015
Carnarvon Basin Merlinleigh Sub-basin
Byro &
Wooramel
Groups
NSE; 1.18 Tcf gas
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Vines 1
Western Officer Basin
Neoproterozoic Steptoe Formation
Kanpa Formation
Hussar Formation
Browne Formation
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Conclusions – tight petroleum
• WA energy mix include gas/oil/coal = 98%.
• Conventional production is declining and energy demand is increasing
Solution:
• Tight-petroleum Geographic and stratigraphic
Distribution red high-lighted
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Conclusions – tight petroleum
• Exploration for tight reservoirs is at a very early stage; more work is needed to estimate and verify the tight petroleum resources of the vastly underexplored onshore Western Australian basins.
• By comparison, Western Australian basins have only 15 vertical wells for shale/sand plays in comparison with tens of thousands of horizontal wells in the US.
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Petroleum geoscientists - mission
• To promote the geoscience and technology for exploring, finding, and producing petroleum in an economically and environmentally sound manner.
• To disseminate information relating to the geology and the associated technology of petroleum, natural gas, other subsurface fluids, and energy mineral resource.
Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum
Thanks:
Questions Time
Pre • Wood
• Whale Oil
Fossil Fuel Era
• Coal
• Oil
• Gas
Post • Alternative
• New Energies
84% 16%