WDLOmNT AND UNeWPVIYh%NT iN hNDW PMDEBH

m e mtc-tron abavt emmmanL unarioy.en~ in

snasntial Fur manpower .~anning. m DDvrocD of

m a k t a m i vnsmplarnlnt are (11 0~e~n~i.1 apulation Csnsun,

l l i i Ni l t imn*l Sample Surveys a t oavPFnment .e r din 1 l i i l ) EmnPloynmr ~xcnsngen dab, sut thee. s,e<malss

fma aoresin l i lnltat ione due to conseiiruai aeiectr, and snort

rei-xencs Periods. HoMusr, in rho ebaeoce oi any o a o r

zeliable da,". iixsoe ent imites iiaue m a . rtiliaed m undar-

1ta-6 brood Blrni.nalon3 af ma ~ m b ~ m l of m e n ~ b m ~ t . T > I ~

O""t"i l i l Cormnlttuu ,?as rol.a"aanaad EFrroin atepa t a b9 uk.n

by Nni l i ,nml Li8olllia S u r u q Orl l lnisst i ln INS90) ?or E a l l l I.

inp sat" ..,hillll, L'I tM nnnlei- o r manday. Bys'llbl. *DL Y i l *

and nvmbar n, nu,,,llsyr sctluliy .t work Lr respect of re(lpui8-

nenta muaxad w +baac asrvws. ~ubssnuan-~y, tbe Nati0n.l eamplC euruey o ~ ~ n n i a s t i ~ n nide a baoinnlna in iwlenantinv

M B ComLtUu'o I~io~msnd~lions durlny Ma > 7 0 muma ol NY3

SUNPY.

ma sand ro,md nsso naas estimrrss on we baala o l

rhiee mncei,+s usual awbrs, uee*lY atotua and d a i l y

rnSuri .i.ius ~ ~ r n z o - n r iaicr* fa long-tem -- emlWrnonr. wect ly .tarn. unompi,mnt ?*:era to ahort-tL=m

u n a m ~ ~ o ~ * ~ l t refers t o Me avaia~i

of w~3. not iind avon an hour of dvli*s

me aumw ws-k or who were asarching for rDrk ar rer.

bls *or work. nut there ertlltreea unulp~aynsnt daEa

n o t glvs a complete plcturs of emplrincnt I." as lam. I woderri eo nor get rsrvlar na even ilr s *nolo usax. may get am* work on so- lays aria are aviilabie Por work on otlimr

days evsn l lvr inl *.ha Dome =ox. merefots, vnewioyed darn

raihsr than hnenminued D11a3*" ire F0Y" i td -0 .rriVO .I. *I.

aarL.aie o l avFrilOa " a l l y oni l lwent ,d.ilY ataru. uns.*l.v"llt

mn ,,il s8q,loynenr LI, *ha o~gmniaea ssciors but>, I.

iN DYhl,,. ,,till , , r ivote l *EWIP I. >,tin# EallrELed h rho

DirnEtDI.I. C l i b.,lWroe"t and TrDil;*nn "rmr the F.PID)*IIIII,

narka* I"lS,,.at,,," scnsmaa. me dais covsr ail "alabl lab*nb.

in ,,"bl,c ."alar and non-aqri.",lural est .* l 'amnkn .mylo"-

ing 10 , ,r ,e *rurinra m the prlville mtor.

8.1 ~ . ~ ! , 0 " l ? : i " " ~ , 1 in i i d h h h hhhnnnh

R a Lotaiil #a#nloprnl i n lindhihrs BradaPh 111 Tne or?ml#ed

Sector lncrevaed fmm 11.18 laUs U, 11.01 Inins, m incxealls by

3P . l i l par EB"? dYT,". ihs d.cad0 and 1.21 pel sent "O"""rn.

Tha smpleymmnt Ln Llo public 8rcWr increased from 8.16 laXhs

in 1974 to 11.70 Lo*hs %n 1181, an lllcreusr by 41.73 par "nil'

during in* dacad. ""0 4.3, "s' Cs"' P' a,!".=". mc a",,lnyma,>l.

in the oriviir aa.tor ha., iboxsvnr, not been s ignif ical l t . 1%

inaieassd iron 5 . 2 4 lam 111 ,174 io 3.36 lalrha In 1981, an

lncFPaae il. 3.70 Pec cent ldul inw the n ~ , . ~ , , ~ o.,? par

P C annm. O . 1 "ho". Bmplopent <I*,,," d".Lnq 1P"1-81

in the pub110 and prtvota nacui..

The gr.xth in weal ur~l~vn.m,t ihra my bas,, in-

aiimiiir=ntl but 4eol ininv. 7%. nlman: growth rake curing *- perlad r a n 5.11 P C ~ : vent in 1979. but i t n n r ~ i r + ~ l ~ zollerrd by

r n p ~ d deolina In th. nrovth =a*. m r rueraga gmym i a ~ e m

t la i l ra t flvc yon= ilerlod (1974.781 uaa 3 .73 cen~. but

only 2.84 Dor Cent durlns Ciln 1 4 a r 1Lvn yaar psri.0 (1979-811.

I n khr Dubltc 3CctOr. h l L v a t BPaxVl F a l l raa 11.50 par cant In

1982. but p'eccdad by "eg.t%"e 9rn"th rat" and iail.veL by very

h w BmVM re,". m. averale qmr* rat. I" th. f i r a t clue yesr

p(xiob was 5.05 par cent, and 10 tha la lac i l v l Fili poilcd 1 . 5

riel: oent. r,, tile pl-ivlre oaswr, tnc i~lrt81~mnnra $8 diaaDpdnr-

tW. lie n r n r ~ =ate *as 5.75 111 1981 , ma avara(ip

ratF I,, uln sirmi: rrvo uaar rsxtott ma 0.64 par c e n t an6

tn the lator ftvl ~ o r i o d 1.12 on,. ~onnl. ma ~ m b l l c ae=-r

ha. hFIn pmvbling .uiile ano i ~ ~ c ~ r * n l m ~ ami,lovane

U1B privaro as,>rar do" bra. doing.

a.1.i Wll" rivure "ur(!~%>km?ol.i!- m&-ss*2

It ncces..ry,ior ~ ~ f . ~ ~ $ ~ ~ nnjlrl ,~nc~l~t ~ l a o n i n a , t o

analyse the plblic and p r i v a ~ e aecwr annl0Y'"n3. $5 aifferant

g d u n k l i a l cnfeoorha. ~ h i a analyois bo,lri for

l o re la the w h i i a l n on DULIO ma liriv.in L , , ~ ~ , ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ In

dliiercnt Induu+r:aI mcegl,rira r w ,,,, r.

opoortunlt lee are mnerat.4. pama t1.z p,,blls.prlv.te

lnEYir *Wlnym""t in d i f t s l n w Lnc I l8 i l r i f i l catmnriee.

Thl Pal-cmbgL "i "'*LI. I s e b O . *.,,ijm.ot i n Ule tot.,

enp!omon+ i n inorsr*ln~ vbroaa that lit orb . iv l a a ~ a . ~ la

dscl inlng. ms Wbl*. sactar amQlajnanl ,r,crsssea imn '1.54

wr cant rlsml t o 17.19 per. e n * 1 ~ 9 ~ 3 1 . xhar.os tba private

aecrnr pmel~ynelir asclinaa rmm $8.46 pei (is70 22.11

o m 4 ( ~ s s s i . ~n ssciculuru, ~ ~ , a ~ r o c t ana roreatv, ~ a r s

i t #mi l dsc12na In pMi l c s r r ~ m2loi""t and lnarears In

Lhl pr,YILC sector s*lamemant. In nioioa ilna rm.rv*llr, U I F

l ~ i i C sactor 8mpurent l a ~ ~ c r o r a i n g an& enor oi V ~ U I U

;leltor I S aecuninp. zn rnanvfa~tvring Inlu8Lry. Ulcm is

rubatani ia i inoi~ese in La pububll" aectol nwl0)nsnL a N

decrea.e In ,,ri.ate ampl.ynvnt. TI,. iublic oc=mr

In,,,lmnt in t erom 20.36 w 11.10 n-

during 19n.19Pt. TD* pr~rata a e E ~ r ~ ~ r m ~ l o m s n ~ da=lln*d from

1q.64 ti ~ 0 . 9 0 c ~ n e nuritlil ill* sons D0rl.n. mp

Plivats is lrnc~lle~ly diarppaaring in *lrct=iclB and

"at,r, ..d Ironn,,.rt an,, a"m,mlsotin". BY 1903, Ms Qriratp

em .l.v8n in enroc nlactDrs vna r~auc- to O.Lo per

0.90 Dpr csapacti"ely. 1" f1"'"". l"aura""- --'

: # 4 : : * r u u ,.; ,, ; : : 2 : 2 f

V1 r. . - n:s e q : q q 7 ," ",." * " Y : : g :

8 : : : 8 . 2 :: pi,, ~~. 3 - . . 2 ; ; ; d d j

r. m . # In

- ? ? p . - a:? q ,:;a m a : : n r o a r r n : m w * 2 9 9 :!; 7 "? i o r n o , 2-:: - 5

," q yvz, :< 5 , ;n . , .

m . , , , ~ m - ." ," r * , '. 60 r"

t'xs c,riu*k6. ascmr clnlnynnni i r do,.linLng

I" =onrtrnc*iln and **l-il==a s a c a r , .rimis o,p,ap-

mnt l a incrarrlng errduaily. I" tialp " - 0 comarce the

.riusie sector mPloy8na"t increase .Im, <,,nnrly,

O.,.? ~m"117"e""" B'l'lI" I I I a E

rn t h , ~ o r w n i a e a nnrmr, p u m i c i o r an oUnt, for the

large ~ r n i " 3 l t i " " li 0" L.li.al nml.mc,,l Tin "UbllE BeEUIr

EOY818 tnnuliriel t:(itsyirien, in o i , t l n , . l (,c .lg~.penb

oroviaion ,."a ' ~ " " F ~ ~ I ~ D I I . l ' hh ri-tlo,, l""," "L* UI. BmploY-

mnt i x puiillc ncr.ror catabllahments I * "llrll,,, i,, Table 8.1.

I, *h" pulllli: ".E,nr. 3'1. .elVLc.I, " I , , , , . , I . C C O W I I B SOT

a nisi>em I,rir.as>rlmr c f rhn i i , ta l r811r.l yllellli I" L!<O P Y ~ I C

, - u r ,,",mu,m. 'Pl ir n,. i b l l t l . l . , n,:e., aoaa>vltli far me

,n.+"rt lrrce,,rxilr "t lo)meni. (I" "oiiollturs, of cours*. *a

pmporiinn org.risea sec~nr I. mu l e a a l l . i n the y e w 1171.

ne PFrCBntagll of smplOyment I" ~ ~ m i < c " ""6 a"iicule"rs

rsr. 11.78 1 . ~ 3 r e s p ~ ~ t i v e l y . rn l a t e r ylBr..Do*evor. the

parr.nm emp,.Feo. in a g r ~ ~ ~ ~ t u r n ~ncrs..ea. and a s

it. =. talcen by comwree. m isas. eerren-

of anDlow.nt in nornice. w a s and eom=r=e "as 46.47

end 0 .51 Ics,,ectiyely, ,,hill 0 s as"" in =oiiE"ltUrs

2.11 0-1 ant.

1 \ i i 1 1 \ 8 , 1 j g \ "'" ::," sP :q / ! I

,.,n * , * - ,,,- c. ., 2 % + " " : .""!:,(ij; a \ ? \ i i ~ d 2 . , , - 6 q q % : e ? r : i : , i s i 8" - - " " " " :: . ' ? / ; I

f ! g \ ' "..". ".' ; $ 2 i q / ge ,:I " " " " " " 0

! I $ \ 5 : i 2 2 5 ,* 5: < lilr; 3 ; 4 9 . 4 3 a 6: I

; j ! / 4 -,. .-- -, - $ ) P ; \ : 8 1; l i j i : r q 1 : I )j

+ m * - a - 3 "'14 , g \ 2* e b j ; I \ - - - 2 : 2 5 ~ $ z z zj P i E i , F $ ? q ? ? ? F , j g / & - s i w n - 8 X m ,

1 \ ; l 2 2 r.;; ; l , Ill aia * - - 3 * \ $ I l E * P i i s i ' .

i 1 , ; P i i g j 15B.P I " !if " - '". , .

1 i ir l i if l i! i : t i ~ i Q 3 \ , \ " 1 ! j 1 I 1 i r l l j r l i j i l $ , l g . w Y i ; ~ ~ ~ $ , . 1 2 1 ! a i l .; ; .; ;;; A I 1

m fiin1n-a Ouairyiny. v a ~ t a . . L u r i n q . Cansrructian

and Financlog. msurmce .kc.. die p.l,:enl.y. .npl (i.hQmd

LncreaSlnQ LC-0. rm Hirin~ a* ~ l u a r ~ ~ i ~ ~ , ,n. of

mnbwSnr sn=r=ar=d imn 6.59 in iwi ro 7.13 in l P B l . In

.anui .cL*w, m e reapcctive imreii 7.06 D.r

8.87 ps4 cult. xn conatnrtian &Iaa, me iirvrs inorensma cmm

1.15 PEP E m * t0 6.12 O B I Eeit dYLLng the .am* eer%od. m PlnmEin4. InsurenCe, em., tns pcmsntuge uf mD~oynent

noresaed i m m a.64 h 1476 tr S.29 i n 1181.

s.i.r.1 orowm or e n ~ l o p m t in o u ~ , l l g , E . : ~ r )*I %n~uatrial

me srwth n i -mloyment ~n srblie rrc:<>r between 1974-88

l a anamsea by i n m i r i a l bbtaiona. ~h d - e l a l m r m ot

197141 In dividsd into (70 < h e ysor b # ~ i ~ c 1 8 1914-78 snd 1979-93

70 mslysa growth i" Ule naa,. and ra,.tm* pnrioae. Tabla 8.4

ahora the qrouVi rate batvsln 1911-81 in VGrlo"" Lnduatrlal

dbi . ions .

~~r~~~ 1 ~ 1 . 8 1 , nighale groum rare of ewhirmsnt occurad

i n c ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ L L ~ ~ LICB.IO par sent1 i o l ~ ~ e d by M ~ I W and ouarv-

irQ [ i m a E O ~ ~ ) . leeat maitlvo g r a i ~ e h =el* .nured in

80mI~es II(..E DFi- ~ ~ ~ t i , E1solltlCiW. WBLBZ and ~anl - t1-n.

wada c~~~~~~~ have raqiaamd ncyn ius (~rau* rats* as

-16.82 EM* *"a -.,2.9, cent L * I V ~ ~ ~ J Y " Y . DY~".

S i r a t ilve year prl,d af 1171-18 too, C12"8kli'ction ~i1D.i4 per

Tabla 8 . 1 - BrnWth mi n"plom."r i n PvbliO :ector by lnd",*,al Il,v,a'",,,

id" g.na.bn"rai ............................................................... 91. NO. I l l , l i i m l r j 1171-18 1979-el 197) 10 ,

............................................................. 1. I lgr '<UI IUrY. I.,".JI*'*,

and rc>r<,n P I 1 43.80 8.16 nn.,,,

2. X i n i n y %\ti$ Il8lllrlylng 50.56 11.81 111.1<

1. b4'mullc:lurliiU 42.77 19.62 80.11

1. Eloc t lL~IV, Wilter end ianlrrt lr#i l -10.12 1b.11 -<6.81

5. Connarurc ln l# 330.11 18.05 100.10

6. Trade amid Cu,>rmrce -75.60 13.25 - 72 .9 ,

1. Ita~aport and Comunicati.,~ a i . , , 10.20 41.10

8. F ~ ~ ~ Z L C I I I I , Inawanoe. R e a l E e l n l o . Root - 10.52 84.92'

1. S e N l E E i - 1.70 16.35'

10. Total 21.61 12 .41 43.71,

t nleas pclrur,t~sel are c,ilculatea for tna ~srioa 1116-,13.

snum. , i:.lculated ire. o f f l e i e l il*C*S o*ubillihad

cent), io l lnwi ld ~ l i ~ l ~ ~ an3 miluiryinq 150.51 por cant1 hra

rm(liaterld c I I ~ h Ipes. BY* durlnij th8 #=mnd el-0 yaar

perf06 1,9.,'1.,,3), FLnano,n~, ~ ( l r u ~ a n e ~ a*., has reqistsrsd IbiOI,."

growth =at" i S O ~ ~ 2 341 ccn.1. ha s ~ ~ ~ ~ c ~ ~ raQiafered lPrasc

i l ~ . V i h rate. l i leuslv h l r aQsriencd DnOD~ivs gmvih rsle,

BUL. 10 E l e * L = i C i t ~ . W O L ~ C , ~ a n i m i ~ ~ Tr.ap and CD.m.rce,

sba mrlrcontase fisllram 4ccrra;ied. I,> i t l lo,.er, IF ,m,i daarealen l'run 6.61 r1.r onnt i n 1976 ,,, 3.u csnt In ,isl, ID tnr Iseror indurrriat o n w o ~ p , ti,. rr.rum dnsrnnaad imm

2.98 per; C C l 3 t 11) 0.56 pr cirnt durir,, Lila pa:lnd.

~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ o r t xna comnnleattD'1, thn psrr..,,taqa in~reaaaa from 14.9,

p n cent In 1Q71 t o 20.73 wr men: Ln 1971 and l a t t e r iemalned

.,ma* :table.

8 . . Z 2 6n 1 mt Jo dlftersn: ~ovemmentai 1 ' "Ag:*1iii*"t8

tn U1E .rgznlsed pdb1ic seotrr , l e Qml*ps?\ L, Draviried

by tho e0tabllShme"eb Of CmUal G""emmenl, State oovernmont,

Ioual a ~ d l e r end Oulsi-Covarnmtotm. Tha kcalysiil in Vlla 8ecU.l

r.Vebls t r r t l d m ~..l~~.~iit i n dlf ierent yovernmants .na rhr

FLI-CaDm90 .I enmb.rme.s in +hese .a nlvmt ~n mh2e 8.5. msa

me *e anriy.ria tarma tna baala tor t l ln jml$ramcnLa abDUt fha

oOntr~~Ution aiffcrsnt g ~ ~ ~ m m ~ t r imordr emillemant D m l -

lion end rjcnsration.

me nmplomnl in tho central Olr,vsmsnt cl:abllr***

?ncraa.ed dram 1,68.~1a in t ~ 7 4 t o 2.31,960 b 19831 an %"Eraas'

4 par dur$ng er plrbd. ')'ha neernlow*at In

(iivcmmrht inrlnanad tron ~ . I Z , i l 6 i n 1978 1,70.315 In 19s3r

an lncseerr 26.86 pmr c m . omD~oynent ,,, Lacai

I D E X B . . ~ ~ fC1l I<OG.OLJ tD 2.26,liO nurlnp Uw psr(od,

inCrsaBP 4- 4.78 1-1 cant only. Tho ours, g,.."nent F.t.bll.n.

mnta "how hisheat Qmrih n t e . ma rmp>opcnt cncrlaled

imn 1.86.712 ts l.BB.176 batwen 111.111 an increesa by i y o ~ . ~ ,

per cent.

I n li?l. Cha dlnts h ~ s r n ~ ~ ~ ~ t sQcoiln+i,d I,,? hi*ort Desren.

t s g ~ of fatal cmloynant sna ~s ~ e n i l n l ~ r * ~ ~ ~ ~ t the lea.t.

I h s P r E s n t a ~ B 01 V ~ 3 . 8 1 e r r l l o w n t in 8Llt.n Ihiuarnmcnt $1.01

and that Of C r n l l a l Covcnlmnt 20.12. llli in l n a r nsrlM, M e

s i tuat ion 'rl4 chamgad. 11 1R03, Ull, OYlll Onv~rnmnb8 n ~ ~ ~ m * * d

"ir kh. hi"he0t persestaqa of to-1 .nDlownt and the We*:

BDZiBI. ti>* least, Ths reiyeoilv" fi9\lr"n Ware 33.21 Dr EI"t

and 19.33 ceni. more ha# bean teclloe i n tho pcrcentllle of

ervlo)nncnt in atat" iiovemrat and Local "odleo, L" the cenrrai

aovernmdnr mlo)ment remainmi. almost ltallc during tha ~ e r l o d

,,,ma 10 ,*, c....

8.1.3 111 the ~ r i v a t e serior

me prrvare 3e.*or praviaas about on*- four^, oi total

mpin7ment i,, arriau. 8sts>iidmntt in -=ant"*

In s.ct,nn,rrivsts l m p l ~ ~ * l l l IW irtduatriai 6ivlrlonr

in industda~ eaaegorlam atx malyasd. Tab1e B.

ahoxa Uoe prlvlte aaELor ~ l r n s n t bu vartou* i#.wUial

"Ibgorlaa.

1" tlla o r w i s e d prloa* aeClor, nGnvlnLIUrino

lnd"atry I'rovi'%.a h e hlCesk pareantag. toUl .np~annmC.

al*ouQh thrx" is a l i g h t dacllne i n me Dars.ntagF from 61.4,

In 1974 t o 68.45 n3r cent i n 1961. ~ h . sarviaen pmutd.a

second highset DercentaGn oi swiom~nt, t h e pproED~ago inarea-

* e l from 16.64 In ,976 to 11.26 par cant in ~ ( 8 1 , U14,

I19.1c"lt"le, L?".ltB* alld Fortaim aOMuntsd mr tn. 1.a.t

p o x e n t a w of t o t a l a m l o p e n t conowan a conntmcdon, and

"l"1"Pl ma Qulrrylng. CDI,.ITUE~,O" i n d u r i v , horsver, s i l o n i l

imr0Venont. the r,lrilLnraga of Lata l cmpbmsnt i n r i e a a a l tmn

0.11 in 1'174 to 1.10 psr v-ni in 1181. ma p*rcantmc of

.mlDy'ssr I" Rlnlrg and i lu lrqin", E,.EIT,CI*, "elsr aid Bani-

t a t i o n . Tl i l l la iar t and mmunicarionll, ma Dinunasnd m.urmoe

d s c l $ n ~ r ~ ~ Y L I ~ , ~ the P . ~ I ~ B . zn ~ i n i ~ s end ouarriln~, me narcan

rase ascunaa trorn 1.01 in ~da c 0.79 Pmr cent B IWI. 1x8

mectrioiei. and ssnitaiior ine f lws demllncd iron 1 . t 7

~ r r cent Ln 1076 to 0.05 Per ssnl h 1081. In Transmrr iind

Conmuni~atirn, the prcaruss dsc l inrd imhl 1.21 @ 0.61 dudns

V* .a.e Dcrirxi. I" ?inonce, ~ ~ a u r a n ~ ~ . Real i a ~ ~ t e and lirnr.

the prcl,,+nga a n p l r ~ w r declinsa fmm 2.SZ i n l976 Ui O . l 5

CDnt in t~01. I,, rraae and cannoras, novmer. ins prro-n-

*.* tmm 3.w i- 19% ro 6.70 *or cent 1" l q o 3 .

ManufsSLUrinO, SorvicaD, and wads srd Comema *=count -1-

most * 5 por 0s.t G I LILl n*bync"t.

e.1.3.2 arauin wan~nr I" ,ecmr

m e m x i i of e w l r ~ e n a haa not uxliiorm in uarioue

,"m,gtrlal "teyorler. "hllc aoat .re*,* rcyialerrri "#* "1C

zrawih eat* rnd ammo ovlors ihoucd nooativn yrortl, rot..

Tabla 8.7 Tllans the nmv* cotoa in uar,.u. Indu.trlal Fate-

i3rlas in or(jmtsa6 j i l v a i e aectox.

%bid 0.1 -- omutn of Implomenl in Organisrd llrlvats Sssror by

inaurtrio, catPqodai, ............................................................ ;;: zn*vatty 197#-,> 2979.83 ,976-83

..................... :. noricurl"ra, liuertosk.

r a r ~ a v l 1*6,2i J7,&5 239.60 2. l i n i n g and Ourrrying - i . i l 16.20 -19.11

1. nanuileturtnn 'i.15 -2.68 2.12

4 . EleotIlci*, water, SmitOLlo" .PI.:l) -60.97 -01.13

5 . ^m.tr"otim l i i . l 6 171.41 1,131.16

6 . Trade Md CrimnercD 21.11 -6.11 11.16

7. ~ ~ a n n p o x r i o n d ~ m u n i c 8 t i ~ n -16.87 -12.40 -"1.13

8 . i.ieulbe, maurnnce, xsai . - 1 . 6 8 -13.5l sstata iina R e n t

. 16.78 16.11 9. s.nibos ............................ ............................

I Tho.e gsrceni.-qa *hues are cairvlated Lor ** period 1976-81.

D N / ~ Q 1074-83, Conatruct:on Industry reQlarored

blah groxrh rpte in enploynant ionom& by ~ ~ . i ~ ~ l t ~ ~ ~ , L~us.

8t.d and Forsetri. and S*NIEPI. & O Y ~ ~ T T U T ~ ~ ~ ~~~a~ and

mMFe:es have shorn Poairive grovtn ratss of 2.32 cpni

11.16 s r sent rea~ertivslr. I Hmsver, rile prrtomnce in ehrae

asctors in seoaid iive yrrslr darted oe 1070-01 been dl.-

d p w ~ t i n g a* t l r s e acctors h w e ahawl ~ , , , ~ r ( . i u e gmxth =ataa cc

-1.86 ~ n 4 -6.37 reewclivelr. erne eaoiorr - nining an& mar--

ing. a,ociric,ty, 'water and Oaniiatlo", llrnnrpo* and Conmu",-

<&?lon ann Ilnanoe, msumnca, atc . ha", been rho"" negative

gmXIP Fetes during thn period L971-AI. )uMnT ilxsse. only

nining an* O u s r l i i n ? ribowed ~ 0 i i i i " ~ irvvUl cars i a %he r=cent

iive yesr period.

8.2 U n e r n n l o ~ ~ ~ ~ x t Lm L.P.

ae axtena of "ncmploym*nt in Lha orgilnlaed seetor can be

oaaeaBen m sxt.oa trDm the adta nnDlo)nent sxmanqea.

Th. piliLiculsrr oi rc.,sLrai,an. and pl",.omnts . l lrct"d thmugn

B ~ P I D I ~ C D ~ :Xchbrlge6 ~ ~ d i ( ~ t ~ thni ing propreton 01 p~scenenbs

sffeotsn m the nlvnller livn reaiatlrh II. d n c . ~ i n i n g , rcavltinn

in rh. aVclllng n,,ml,el an :iva roqid lara as the end of

ovary ysar.

8.2.1 N,mbsr*>.~h~i~au*!!:afnl.:..-

I* rrCa.baT( a knas o m n ~ ~ ~ e ~ ~ ~ s o€ III~UCULIO and "n-

~.nl~imenr sxchan~.~. But. Ule qroxm un*iloy"ont,

z~3meene** the number o * eoilllcants on ~ i ~ c ra(liai.ra, I , in lie s*uc=ted Man in dls unaducaw. ma

~auosrad a~vl icunis a l i r e r e g i ~ ~ ~ ~ , by 16.18 par E E " ~ D s r r e n 1980-81, the nilinher in the uneducated

l ipl lcanaincrsa"en m 51.41 per cont llurlnq U1" ran. .ailed.

8.2.2 "DsmPlo~l"e'lt IbY t n e a m p d

It i o also 1npor;ont to Dnolyas Im*wl.yn,enl, bg the tp

3 1 education and I t l a indicate4 by tllo numblbr o t amlicanre on

l iur r e g l r k r s 0' amplQyinent exohangas. 7ebla 0.1 ahova Ma

n,nnlcr o5 a[,pliCactB 0" live rav5rtora b ,Y,'" 1ol education.

p m n g the edurated a ~ ~ l l c o n u oli t~,,, 1 v n re~ iarera oc

..p,oymenc exc,>angaa, me "atrlala, ." form die ,argear parcen-

tag*, keepinq ths w o k i l l s d "lid.. ma greduales i o r n *he n e x t

largest nwber mewlayea, f.ll.ro, by e"g1neerin. dlp1o.a

-olden and rypiat. and Btenagrrpher". Th" percentage. O f

natr lcnlates and sng,nssring holdera navn Liean inarea-

ehg, Aile t*rr , ro .a ,e 0s unatilled m~licilntl h.8 been

6......Gg.

0 c O " ~ i l t i O " 18 "1.0 iW0r:mt for the Government fnr . B L ~ ~

em)ylOW*"t P"li.).. Table 8.10 *ova the n m b ~ r .f uDp~~sanl.

i n the l ive nlvlaiers aT rnspluyment ~ x c n a ~ ~ ~ a qr bmiu, .,,-. DBlional .d?."~JliZ,Oi#.

'CdUla N LO ssnou% thai aemi-a%inea oraie,a eolr ,au

laraeoe jnsrocnlawe of appli~nnta on "lo itva rryinter,, >vlr~, lg

'o%ehera' aoioa. i ' m t e a r i a ~ ~ a l . ~ e c h ~ ~ e a ~ and R E L B ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ , ~ . 1

form ths i l r x t lawoak ~ o r c s n b s e , Io l l ev~d by Clarlsal. Bnlaa

anil Ralalnd horkrrr. ha"Bl8t~abivs. Bxaoullve and lanr."clal

WOrXeTI form t > t m l a a e i I ~ ~ ~ ~ n t l o e . '0thera' I b c l d i n n tho un-

skillgb and """lsaaif ied uorksral *or,, in. bulk Oi u t a ,

aDDlisants ",% ma LLve registers or ong10)ra.nt sxcnangca.

a.z.6 =stimtot~ qnampiomant amno .snll.vrr ln bndhra L'ndad

me projeati~na of maomupr supply demara LOX dici.t.,i

ertogorlea of nianDYxer h o w la^ unen*iopsnt w i n ba pravabnt

5" all elu ~ r n i a ~ ~ x l ~ r n in ' h a L~iure olou. Tabla 9.11 aloue

"nnnpiainnn+. of malipwee i * ~ 1190.

A. me at^^^ tpveall, ~lsnnuynont ia maxinun in sass of

a.m., tt,ad,are and miniom ~n oam of vuterinary graduatoa.

.e.ond in un~m2io~w~t . mat n*-s,tnaching

p.~a..mel Eonr(tli"Lr bulk oi ""rnWl"yed "anmlsr. Engineer-

ing gradu.rco are en* ae..na srUQory e i .anplar rh'cn l a

~ l e ~ l 3 y . d C ~ l l r n b bi mrdlFal graauaea.. Igns"l+u.l

~ ~ l ~ ~ l ~ ~ ~ ~ PB'10"".1 ICEUW l.*i ~ " . * t i O . .. .*..ra. Im-

qb&mt OC Cechnicni p n 0 n n . l Ln bodhra eradssh.