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WB013/1 WB013/1EnglishPaper 1 emester 1Session 2010/20112 hours

ELiJJffJIfIEITJ rNjmT I(Fill in your Matriculation Number, Ident ity Card Number and Seat Number)PERPUSTAKAAN

KOLEJ MATRIKULASI PAHANGCAWANGAN JENGKA J

BAHAGIAN MATRIKULASIKEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

MATRICULATION DIVISIONMINISTRY OF EDUCA T10N MALA YSIA

PEPERIKSAAN SEMESTER PROGRAM MATRIKULASIMATRICULATION PROGRAMME EXAMINATION

ENGLISHPaper 12 hours

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU.DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE:

There are fifty questions in the booklet. For each question, choose the most appropriateoption.Read the instructions on the answer sheet provided carefully.Attempt all questions.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 21 halaman bercetak.

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Questions 1 - 7 are based on the following table.

MALAYSIAMY SECOND HOME PROGRAMMEApproved applicationsCountry Total2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

241 521 468 242hina 502 1974- 32 204angladesh 852 341 1429

Britain 108 159 210 199 209 885Taiwan 38 95 140 186 63 522

96 143ingapore 91 62 94 48649 429 434apan 87 157

286 596thers 762 622 299327818 1645otal 1917 2615 1728 8723 J

Adapted from The Star, 23 January 2007

1 Japan had the most number of approved applications inA 2006.B 2005.C 2004.D 2003.

2 Approved applications from China hadA stabilised from 2004 onwards.B increased steadily over the years.C grown signiticantly from 2004 onwards.D fluctuated during the years under review.

3 According to the table, the total number of approved applications hadA stabilised since 2003.B plateaued from 2003.C decreased on'ly once.D increased marginally yearly.

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4 Which of the following statements about the number of approved applications in 2005is FALSE?A China had the highest number of applications.B Singapore had the least number of applications.e The approved applications of Japan were less than half that ofTaiwan.D Britain together with Taiwan had fewer approved applications than China.

5 What is the overall pattern for approved applications over the years?A There were gradual increases over the years.B All countries saw an increase from 2004 to 2005.e All countries followed the same pattern of increases.D Most countries saw an increase in 2006 as compared to 2002.

6 Which of the following statements are TRUE of the Malaysia My Second HomeProgramme?Japan had the least number of approved applications.

II Approved applications from Britain showed a steady increase over the years.III The highest number of approved applications came from Bangladesh in 2005.A I and IIB I and IIIe II and IIID I, II and II I

7 From the table, it can be inferred thatA Malaysia is an attractive second home destination.B there has been an aggressive campaign to promote Malaysia.e people from over populated countries are migrating to Malaysia.D more people from the east are choosing Malaysia as their second home.

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Questions 8 - 14 are based on the following text.There are as many warning signs, as there are types of cancers. However, here are some ofthe more common signs and symptoms that can indicate the presence of cancer.

Bladder and Kidney: Blood in urine, pain or burning and increased urination. Breast: Lump or thickening of lumps, itching, redness or soreness of the nipples

which is not caused by pregnancy, breast feeding or menstruation. Cervical, Endometrial and Uterine: Bleeding between menstrual cycles, any

unusual discharge, painful menstruation and heavy periods. Colon: Rectal bleeding, blood in your stool or changes in bowel habits such as

persistent diarrhoea and/or constipation. Leukemia: Paleness, fatigue, weight loss, repeated infections, nosebleeds, bone

or joint pain and easy bruising. Lung: A persistent cough, sputum with blood, heavy chest and/or chest pain. Mouth and Throat: Any chronic ulcer (sore) of the mouth, tongue or throat which

does not heal or white areas in the mouth. Pancreas: There are usually no symptoms until it has progressed to the later

stages when you may notice jaundiced skin and there may be pain deep in thestomach or back.

Skin: If you have moles that change colour, size, or appearance, or flat sores(lesions that look like moles), a tumour or lump under the skin that resembles awart or an ulceration that never heals.

Stomach: Vomiting blood or experiencing frequent indigestion and pain aftereating, weight loss.

Cancer deaths are decreasing for the first time since the early 1990s; the rate has decreasedwith 153,000 people dying from cancer in 1996, compared with about 158,000 earlier thisdecade, according to the Daily Telegraph London report. Here are some preventive measuresto observe:

Thirty minutes of exercise everyday reduces your risk of cancer more than 30 percent. Increasing your daily exercise beyond thirty minutes results in a furtherreduction in your cancer risk.

A well-balanced diet of low fat, high fibre foods that includes little to no redmeat and fresh fruits and vegetables not only helps lower your chance of gettingcancer, it also provides significant benefit to your cardiovascular health.

If you smoke, quit the habit; if you do not smoke, do not start. Records showlung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths after skin cancer.

All women who are 21 or who have been sexually active for three years, shouldhave annual Pap smears to protect you from cervical cancer developing.

Monthly breast self-exam, as well as mammography exams have helped tosubstantially increase the survival rate for breast cancer through early detection.

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Mammograms are usually ordered, beginning at the age of forty. Other womenwith genetic or other known risk factors for breast cancer often beginmammography at an earlier age.

Many women choose facial moisturisers that contain sun protection factor anduse them daily under their make-up. A daily SPF moisturising helps prevent thesigns of aging while offering protection against future skin cancer.

Nol Type 8 Preventive Measure1 Bladder Blood in urine Exercise daily

2 9 Lump and itching Have mammography exams3 Cervical Painful menstruation 10

4 Colon 11 Eat low fat high fibre foods

5 Lung 12 Quit smoking

6 Skin Lump under skin 13

7 Stomach 14 Eat a balanced diet

8 A RisksB CausesC WarningsD Symptoms

9 A LungB BreastC KidneyD Pancreas

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10 ABCD

11 ABCD

12 ABCD

13 ABCD

14 ABCD

Annual Pap smearTake less red meatMonthly self examHigh fibre food intake

FatigueRectal bleedingPain after eatingPain deep in stomach

NosebleedsPersistent coughsUlcers in the mouthWhite areas in the mouth

Low fat dietDaily exerciseEat more fruitsUse moisturisers with SPF

FatigueConstipationVomit bloodBlood in the stool

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Questions 15 - 21 are based on the following text.I A hundred millennia from now, perhaps a new civilization will have arisen from

the remains of the civilisation we now know. And as this new society explores theland and its secrets, at the base of what we call Yucca Mountain, Nevada, it maystumble on artifacts that warn those who find them to stay away. Why? Becauseunder that mountain, there will be some 100,000 tonnes of still-active nuclear waste 5barrels. By then, even in the absence of any geological upheavals in the interveningthousand centuries, about I per cent of the lethal material will have leaked out andmay have contaminated the groundwater. Of course, we cannot predict what willhappen geologically, biologically, or sociologically in 100,000 years. But atomicwaste is collecting at 131 minimally secured sites in the United States - and many 10others around the world - and the need to contain the threat continues to mount.

I I In fact, we are finally coming to realize that securing nuclear waste is an essentialstep in improving environmental and global security. While we are able to securethese weapons of mass destruction in the short run, our civilisation is still in itsinfancy. Governments come and go, empires rise and fall. How can we find a 15system to contain materials that will last 50 times longer than our recorded history?The goal must bc to avoid creating anymorc waste in the first place. Yet how do wedo this when 17 per cent of the world's electricity comes from nuclear power, usingmore than 65,000 tonnes of uranium per year?

III While proponents of nuclear power argue that it is a cheap and clean alternat ive to 20fossil fuel because it does not produce air pollution, nuclear energy is not a viablealternative to renewable encrgy. Besides creating waste that remains lethal formillennia, nuclear powcr costs two to three times more than wind power (l0 - 14cents per kilowatt, compared to 4 - 6 cents per kilowatt). It is also a massiveenvironmental and security threat against terrorist attacks. Finally, nuclear 25materials have also been known to disappear, and some in quantities to make 30 to40 bombs.

IV With the threat of climate change upon us, it is obvious that we need to move awayfrom fossil fuels, but we also need to follow the example of Germany and reject thenuclear option in favour of renewable resources like wind and solar power. 30

V Germany only began a serious transition to renewables ten years ago but it is nowthe leading global producer of wind power. This industry has been an economicand ecological boon, generating clean and cheap energy and 40,000 jobs (comparedto 38,000 in the entire German nuclear industry). And wind turbines and solarpanels which are decentnilised and stationary, make poor terrorist targets. 35

Adapted from Assadourian. E.( May-June 2003) World-Watch

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15 The word artifacts in line 4 meanA tools.B exhibits.Cr ema I n s . D decorative items.

16 Why is there an urgent need to stop the problem of nuclear waste from worsening?A Nuclear waste that man has buried is still active and lethal.B Buried nuclear waste is contaminating underground water.C Man cannot predict any geological catastrophe in the future.D A new civilisation may stumble upon buried nuclear waste.

17 Which is NOT a problem facing people today in their attempt to prevent nuclearwaste from spreading?A The danger of nuclear waste to the environmentB A concern for future governments and their peopleC The extensive use of uranium to generate electricityD The lack of an effective solution in storing the waste

18 The main idea of paragraph III isA nuclear power is cheap and clean.B nuclear power is not a practicable energy option.C nuclear power is more expensive than wind power.D nuclear power is an environmental and security threat.

19 It in line 24 refers toA waste.B wind power.C nuclear power.D renewable energy.

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Why is nuclear energy not a viable renewable energy?It is costly.

II It is clean.III It is deadly.IV It is prone to attacks.A II and IVB I, II and IIIC I, II and IVD I, II I and IV

In the last paragraph, the writer suggests thatthe threat of climate change is serious.

II countries need to consider renewable resources.III there is a need to be less dependent on fossil fuels.A I and IIB I and IIIC II and IIID I, II and III

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Questions 22 - 30 are based on the following passage.When I woke, I heard my mother coughing, below in the kitchen. She had beencoughing for days, but I had paid no attention. We were living on the Old YoughalRoad at the time. The coughing sounded terrible. I dressed and went downstairs inmy stocking feet, and in the clear morning light, I saw her, unaware that she wasbeing watched. collapsed into a little armchair, holding her side. She had made an 5attempt to light the fire, but it had gone against her. She looked so tired and helplessthat my heart turned over with compassion. I ran to her.

'Are you all right Mum?' I asked.'I'll be all right in a second,' she replied, trying to smile. 'The old sticks were

wet, and the smoke started me coughing.' 10'Go back to bed and I'll light the fire,' I said.'Ah, how can I, child? she said anxiously. 'Sure , I have to go to work.''You couldn't work like that,' I said. 'I'll stop at home from school and look

after you.'It's a funny thing about women, the way they'l1 take orders from anything in 15

trousers, even if it's only ten.'If you could make yourself a cup of tea, I might be all right later on,' she

said guiltily, and she rose, very shakily, and climbed back up the stairs. J knew thenshe must be feeling really bad.

I got more sticks out of the coal hole, under the stairs. My mother was so 20economical that she never used enough, and that was why the fire sometimes wentagainst her. I used a whole bundle, and I soon had the fire roaring and the kettle on. Jmade her toast while I was about it. J was a great believer in hot buttered toast at allhours of the day. Then I made the tea and brought her a cup on the tray. 'I s that allright?' I asked. 25

'Would you have a cup of boiling water left?' she asked doubtfully.'Tis too strong,' I agreed cheerfully, remembering the patience of the saints in

their afflictions. 'I'll pour half of it out.''I'm an old nuisance,' she sighed.'Tis my fault,' I said taking the cup. 'I can never remember about tea. Put the 30

shawl around you while you're sitting up.'I had my own breakfast alone by the window, and then I went out and stoodby the front door to watch the kids from the road on their way to school.'You'd better hurry or you'll be killed, Sullivan,' they shouted.'I'm not going.' I said. 'My mother is sick, and I have to mind the house." 35I wasn't a malicious child, by any means, but I like to be able to take out my

comforts and study them by the light of others' misfortunes. Then I heated anotherkettle of water and cleared up the breakfast things before I washed my face and cameup to the attic with my shopping basket, a piece of paper, and a lead pencil.

'I'll do the messages now if you'll write them down,' I said. 'Would you like 40me to get the doctor?'

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"Ah,' said my mother impatiently, 'he'd only want to send me to hospital, andhow would I go to hospital? You could call at the chemist's and ask him to give youa good, strong cough bottle.'

'Write it down,' I said. 'If I haven't it written down, I might forget it. And put 45"strong" in big letters. What will I get for the dinner? Eggs?'As boiled eggs were the only dish I could manage, I more or less knew itwould be eggs, but she told me to get sausages as well, in case she could get up.

When I got home, I rushed upstairs and found Minnie Ryan sitting with mymother. She was a middle-aged woman, very knowledgeable, gossipy and pious. 50

'How are you, Mum?' I asked.'Grand,' said my mother, with a smile.'You can't get up today, though" said Minnie Ryan.'I'll put the kettle on and make a cup of tea for you,' I said.'Sure, I'll do that' said Minnie. 55'Ah, don't worry, Miss Ryan,' I said lightly,' I can manage it all right.''Wisha, isn't he very good?' I heard her say in a low voice to my mother.'As good as gold,' said my mother.

Adapted from The Man of/he House by Frank O'Connor

22 In the story, Sullivan's mother isA in poor health.B sick of working.C old and grumpy.D compassionate and helpless.

23 From the phrase" .. . unaware that she was being watched. collapsed into a littlearmchair, hulding her side. " in line 4, we can infer that Sullivan's motherA did not try hard enough to light the fire.B was really tired of trying to light the fire every day.C did not want her son to know how ill she really was.D was trying to hold on to something so that it would not drop.

24 We can infer that Sullivan's relationship with his mother isA loving.B strained.C emotional.D passionate.

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Sullivan's mother asked him if there was any boiling water left because she wantedtoA dilute her tea.B quench her thirst.C make another cup of tea.D make her son a cup of tea.

26 All of the following adjectives describe Sullivan's mother EXCEPTA kind.B cold.C patient.D considerate.

27 From the text, we can infer that Sullivan is aA strong character.B malicious child.C reluctant helper.D forgetful person.

28 " .. . lUke to be able to take out my comforts and study them by the light ofothers'misfortunes. " in line 36 means that SullivanA is happy that others are in misery.B appreciates the sufferings of others.C is glad to study in comfortable surroundings.D enjoys the idea of not having to go to school like the others.

29 Sullivan suggested eggs for dinner becauseA his mother liked eggs.B it was his favourite food.C it was the only food he could cook.D he could not get sausages from the market.

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30 The moral of the text is thatA a son should make tea for his mother.B the young should care for the parents.C the young should learn about life at an early age.D a son should take over his mother 's responsibility.

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Questions 3J - 40 are based on the following passage.Although we have all suffered from a poor night's sleep, there is little researchon what happens to the human body when it goes for extended periods withoutsleep. What is more common and troubling, however, is chronic insomnia bouts of brief, irregular sleep.

II The ill effects of insomnia can be immediate after just one sleepless night. 5According to recent research by Matthew Walker, director of the Sleep andNeuroimaging Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley, theamygdala - the part of the brain that alerts the body to be prepared in times ofdanger - goes haywire when a full night's sleeplessness occurs. That in tumwreaks havoc on the prefrontal cortex, which controls our logical reasoning 10and "fight or flight" reflex. Memory capacity and speech control diminish;irritability increases. At the same time, some studies have shown that cortisol,a hormone related to stress and depression and linked to cardiovasculardisease, is building up in the body instead of being moderated by a goodnight's rest. Concentration fails. The muscles ache. Essentially the body is 15robbed of its powcr to encode or consolidate memories after just one day, thebrain quickly instead begins to mimic the profile of people with acutepsychiatric disorders.

HI Physiologically, the human body could survive without sleep for 11 to 18 days,based on research from experiments. Taken to extremes, the results of 20sleeplessness get downright grim. "Prolonged stress with sleep deprivationwill lead to a physiological exhaustion of the body's defense mechanisms,physical collapse, and with the potential for various ensuing illnesses,"responded Professor James Home of the Sleep Research Centre at England'sLoughborough University. Home says the effects of prolonged sleeplessness 25are painful indeed. Various brain and several bodily functions go completelyberserk. Vision goes blurry or double; nausea sets in. By a week, hypertensionand body temperature run amok; the brain may be overcome withhyperemotionality, paranoia, and hallucinations.

IV Ordinary insomnia, also known as primary insomnia, is far more common. 30Leaving aside obvious, easy-to-diagnose causes Uet lag, drug abuse, excessivecaffeine, or alcohol intake) and those of what is called secondary insomnia(symptoms of an array of bodily ailments from sleep apnea to rybromyalgia,arthritis, cancer, Parkinson's, and others), the root cause is often psychological,its persistence due to learned behavior. "Anxiety and depression are usually 35highly correlated.with insomnia," says Sara Mednick, assistant professor in theLaboratory of Sleep and Behavioral Neuroscience at University of California,San Diego.

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V Insomnia sometimes passes - but sometimes it does not, leading to chronicsleepless nights. Most insomniacs avoidably become, in essence, their own 40worst enemies, mishandling the malady through habit-forming drugs orseemingly benign but flawed methodology. " ~ v f i s g u i d e d ways to cope with thesleep deprivation - such as drinking coffee, going to bed earlier, having anightcap, or staying in bed longer in the morning - only fuel the problem,"write Lawrence Epstein and Steven Mardon, authors of The Harvard Medical 45School Guide to a Good Night's Sleep. "

VI Those desperate enough for sleep often overmedicate, Mednick says, whichdocs not treat the insomnia at all. Instead, it masks the underlying issues in anarcotic haze that can lead to addiction and even more sleepless nights.Unfortunately, desperate for sleep, the insomniac has a variety of heavily 50marketed pharmaceutical remedies to choose from - both by prescription andover the counter. In recent years, prescription antidepressants have found somefavour in treating insomnia. while over-the-counter sleeping pills (usually aform of antihistamine) remain popular too. The problem with most of thesemedications - especially so-called sedative-hypnotics, obtained by prescription 55and also known as benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepines - is that whilethey might seem to give the sufferer some relief, they either disrupt or prohibitrapid eye movement sleep. You think you are asleep, but it is light and there isthe chance of developing psychological or physical dependence, not tomention a host of side effects. In all cases. these pills fail to cure the cause of 60the insomnia. And when abused. these drugs can result in a deadly slumber.

Retrieved and adapted from H'ww. newsweek. COlli (11. d)

The passage is aboutA research on sleep.B getting good sleep.C effects of bad sleep.D dealing with insomnia.

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The effects of insufficient sleep arebody ache.

II depression.III irritability.IV diminishing ability to remember.A I, II and IIIB I, II and IVC I, III and IVD II, III and IV

33 That in line 9 refers toA the brain alerting the body.B the amygdala going haywire.C losing control of the flight reflex.D wreaking havoc on the prefrontal cortex.

34 The following are the effects of prolonged sleep deprivation EXCEPTA paranoIa.B body ache.C hypertension.D double vision.

35 In paragraph Ill, grim in line 21 can be replaced withA cruel.B pitiful.C painful.D dreadful.

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36 In paragraph V, line 40, the writer says, 'Most insomniacs avoidably become, inessence, their own worst enemies ... ' By this, he means that those who have sleepproblemsA are irritating to others.B take drugs to overcome their problem.C are responsible for endangering themselves.D do not know how to manage them properly.

37 The phrase flawed methodology in line 42 can be replaced withA weak technique.B unsound strategy.C defective process.D faulty course of action.

38 .. . masks.. in line 48 meansA hidesB cloudsC shieldsD disguises

39 The main idea of paragraph VI isA over medication can lead to addiction of drugs.B sleeping pills are easily available over-the-counter.C medicat ion can provide rel ief but has its side effects.D pharmacists have found remedies for treating insomniacs.

40 The writer organises his ideas throughA cause and effect.B chronological order.C comparison and contrast.D explanation and illustration.

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Questions 41 - 50 are based on the {o/lm1'ing passage.I The word sanctuary says it all: The \Vhale Sanctuary of EI Vizcaino in Mexico

is a haven for Pacific gray whales. Every winter. the whales seek shelter here tocalve, after travelling down from the Bering Sea, past Alaska, along the westcoasts of Canada and the United States. They finally stop to rest in El Vizcaino,located halfway down the Baja California peninsula. 5

II Gray \vhales once roamed the Atlantic too, before being hunted to extinction inthe 1800s, Atlantic whaling fleets sailed into the Pacific to continue stalkingthem there. Fortunately, whaling became uneconomical before the Pacificpopulation was also driven to extinction. Today, in part thanks to the EI Vizcainosanctuary, the gray whales are coming back. Yet. if the whale population is 10growing, El Vizcaino remains a fragile site. One big issue has been saltproduction in the area.

I I I Mexico created its first whale sanctuary in Laguna Ojo de Liebre in 1972. TheMexican authorities nominated the encompassing region of El Vizcaino (namedafter the 1i h century Spanish explorer Vizcaino who surveyed the Pacific Coast) 15as a World Heritage site in 1993. Yet there are large salt-making facilities in thearea, producing some seven million tonnes of salt annually. While governmentsare free to propose sites to be considered for inscription on the UNESCO WorldIleritage list. sites must meet its stringent criteria.

IV Recalls UNESCO Program Specialist. "W e sent out, as \ve usually do, our team 20of experts to evaluate the proposal for EI Vizcaino. They had a good look at thewhales and at the site - which also has desert ecosystems - and looked at thefacilities for producing salt. They conduded that the existing facilities were notthe source of a major problem. In fact. they did not affect the value of the site atall. The desert ecosystems were not affected, nor were the whale populations. 25Therefore, they had no objections to having the site inscribed as it was."

V Five years later, however, the World Heritage Centre began receiving messagesfrom visitors to El Vizcaino and from other parties. They were concerned that theMexican government was considering doubling the size of the salt facilities,which would likely threaten the surrounding eco-systems. El Vizcaino boasts two 30lagoons that make up one of only four of the world's calving areas for the graywhale. The sanctuary is, naturally, a high priority for conservationists. Inpartnership with the Mexican government, a Japanese corporation was seeking toexpand the salt faoilities and wanted to pump 22,000 litres of water per secondfrom one of the lagoons and flood more than 100 square kilometers of adjacent 35land to create evaporation ponds.

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VI The issue was gathering public attention, both in Mexico and at the WorldHeritage Centre itself, where UNESCO received a petition - condemning theexpansion plans. In August 1999, the World Heritage Committee sent its secondmission to El Vizcaino, which again concluded that the existing salt works had 40no impact on the site. "But", according to a spokesman "they declared thatdoubling the size of the facilities would likely cause problems down the line pollution, infrastructure development and increased population - that couldseriously affect the values of the site, whale-breeding and the rest." Salt mininghas been linked to the death of threatened species, such as marine turtles, which 45are protected at El Vizcaino.

VII Based on the World Heritage Committee's new findings, the Mexicangovernment decided to scrap the expansion project.

Adapted from International Herald Tribune. I9 Januwy, 2009

41 The following words share the same meaning as sanctuary EXCEPTA haven.B refuge.C asylum.D sanatorium.

42 .. . here.. in line 2 refers toA AlaskaB Bering SeaC EI VizcainoD west coasts of Canada

43 Which of the following statements about the migratory whales is FALSE?A They travel with a purpose to breed.B After the breeding period they head for the Atlantic.C They begin their wintery journey from the Bering Sea.D They seek shelter halfway through their journey in Mexico.

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44 The word extinction in line 6 meansA abolition.D wiped out.C protection.D cleaned out.

45 .. . inscription in line 18 can best be replaced withA insertionD additionC mentionD inclusion

46 Which of the following is NOT a reason for consideration ofEl Vizcaino as a WorldHeritage site?A It has a conducive desert eco-system.D It has an expanding salt making infrastructure.C It is one of only four whale calving sites in the world.D Its strategic location attracts a sizable whaling population.

47 Why were the visitors and various other parties concerned about the Mexicangovernment's plan to double salt production at the site?A They resent competition on site.D They fear it may threaten the eco-system.C They fear the whales would no longer come.D They worry about the slow death of the whale population.

48 Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the World Heritage Committee'sfindings about the doubling of salt production issue?A The existing salt works had no impact on the site.D Doubling the facilities would increase the whale population.C Doubling the size of the facilities would likely cause pollution.D Doubling the facilities could seriously affect the values of the site.

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49 The writer develops the relationship between events throughA addition.B cause and effect.C chronological order.D comparison and contrast.

50 The purpose of the text is toA inform.B criticise.C persuade.D describe.

END OF QUESTION BOOKLET