Waste and HIA - CIWM Torbay 2006

8/14/2019 Waste and HIA - CIWM Torbay 2006

1/12

CIWM200

6Conference:1216

June

Taking the public with us:

Waste andHealth Impact Assessment

Dr Salim Vohra

peter brett associates


2/12

CIWM200

6Conference:1216

JuneWhat is health?

Since I came to the

White HouseI got two hearing aids,

a colon operation,

skin cancer, a prostateoperation

and I was shot.

The damn thing is,

I never felt better in mylife.


3/12


4/12

CIWM200

6Conference:1216

Juneh ronol ogy of w aste regul ati on i n th e U K

In 1947, the Town and Country Planning Act gave local authorities

planning powers over new waste management sites.

In 1971 abandoned cyanide waste, knowledge that waste disposal

drivers took bribes and dumped hazardous waste illegally leads to

the Deposit of Poisonous Waste Act 1972 and

the Control of Pollution Act 1974.

In the 1980s and 1990s increasing public concern over waste disposal

led to the passing of

the Environmental Protection Act in 1990 and

a range of European Directives are passed: the Hazardous WasteDirective, the IPPC Directive, the Landfill Directive and the Waste

Incineration Directive.


5/12

CIWM200

6Conference:1216

JuneDeterminants of health

Adapted from Rapid Health Impact Assessment: a guide to research by

geneticfactors

sex agediet

leisure

activities

sexualbehaviou

r

smokingalcohol

medicatio

nillegal

substances

familyrelationshi

ps

housingtenure

employment

status

workingconditio

n

income

education

personaltranspor

t

socialcontact

socialsupport

communityparticipatio

n

peerpressure

fear ofcrime &

anti-social

behaviour

fear ofdiscriminatio

n

crime &anti-social

behaviour

discrimination

health &social

care services

childcare

community

facilities leisurefacilities

education &

trainingadviceservices

housing

voluntary &charitygroups

publictranspor

t

shops andbankingservices

jobcreation

distributionof incomes

availabilityand qualityof training

availabilityand quality

ofemployment

businessactivity

research &technologicaldevelopment

land use&

planningnatural

resources

greenspacewaste

management

public &environment

al health

services

naturalhazards

civicdesign

smell

noise

airqualit

y

waterqualit

y

soilqualit

y

Determinants ofHealth &Wellbeing

Lifestyle

Social influences

Environment

Economic

conditions

Availability & access

Biologicalfactors

Personalcircumstances

ethnicitydisabilit

y

housingconditions

personality


6/12

CIWM200

6Conference:1216

JuneWhat is health impact assessment (HIA)?

Identifies and assesses positive and negative health and wellbeing

impacts

Enhances positive impacts and mitigates negative impacts

Works within an explicit democratic, equitable, sustainable and ethical

use of evidence value framework

Uses a range of structured and evaluated sources of evidence that

includes:

public and professional views and experiences

and public health, toxicological and medical knowledge

Focus on inequalities, the differential effects of potential impacts ondisadvantaged communities


7/12

CIWM200

6Conference:1216

JuneStages of HIA

Screening

Scoping

Baseline and community profile

Stakeholder involvementEvidence and analysis

Mitigation and enhancement

Health impact statement

Follow-up


8/12

CIWM200

6Confere

nce:1216

June

Accuracy

Precision

Evidence

Values

Roots

Definition of health

EIA in generalHIA in general

HIA vs Environmental Impact Assessment

Aimed forAimed for

Aimed forNot aimed for

QuantitativeQualitative

Expert - technocraticDemocratic developmental

Medicine &

epidemiology

Health promotion &

sociology

Medical (reductionist)Social (holistic)


9/12

CIWM200

6Confere

nce:1216

JuneWaste strategy HIAs

Health impact assessment on the South East Wales

Regional Waste Plan, 2003

HIA investigated the potential health impacts ofa range of waste facilities

public perceptions of health impacts of waste

and waste facilities

and carried out a WISARD life cycle assessment

Health impact assessment of the London municipal

waste strategy, 2001

Review of the research evidence on the

health effects of waste and a half-day

appraisal workshop involving forty key

stakeholders from across London


10/12

CIWM200

6Confere

nce:1216

JuneWaste facility HIAs

Health impact assessment of the third line extension of

the Eastcroft energy from waste facility, 2005

HIA was part of the environmental impactassessment

HIA was a narrower health risk assessment of the

potential health impacts of the emissions from

the proposed extension of the facility

but this formed part of an overall process where

early discussions with Nottingham City Councilwere initiated and the local community consulted

six months before a planning submission was

made

Health impact assessment of the Parkwood landfill site,

2002-05 Comprehensive epidemiological HIA of the

negative health impacts on residents living near

the landfill and included a perceived health status

survey of local residents


11/12

CIWM200

6Confere

nce:1216

JuneHIA conceptual framework

direct concerns process concerns symbolic concerns

Direct environmental, socialand economic concerns

traffic

air pollution

noise

degrade/ blight area

smell

future operation

health

no community benefits

leakage

house prices

Planning and siting processconcerns

not enough information

more time for

consultation

inadequate impact

assessment

how site chosen and

others considered

Breaching of

planning rules

conflicts of interest

Power, values and identityconcerns

powerful stakeholders

are dishonest, selfish,

imposing, and

disrespectful of locals

utilitarian, libertarian vs.

egalitarian notions of

justice

Stigmatisation of locals

and neighbourhood as

rubbish

direct concerns

process concerns

low emotion CONCERN SPECTRUM high emotion

symbolic concerns


12/12

CIWM200

6Confere

nce:1216

JuneValue of HIA for waste plans and projects

Provides timely, locally relevant and community credible

health impact information and analysis for the waste

planning process

Improves the health and wellbeing aspects of waste

project design, construction and operation

Increases community support and reduces community

concerns during waste facility siting and planning by

proactively dealing with and reassuring communities about

waste-related health concerns

Enhances reputation by feeding into a sustainability and

corporate social responsibility ethos

Provides cost-effective added value

Waste and HIA - CIWM Torbay 2006

Documents

Transcript of Waste and HIA - CIWM Torbay 2006