War of 1812 - Weebly€¦ · War of 1812 • Fought against Britain & British Canada in 1812-1814...
Transcript of War of 1812 - Weebly€¦ · War of 1812 • Fought against Britain & British Canada in 1812-1814...
3.9 – War of 1812
American History I
Unit 3 – The New Nation
Day 9 – The War of 1812
• Imagine you are James Madison, president of the United States in 1809
• Read the memo
• In small groups (3-4), brainstorm at least 3 ideas for handling the situation with Britain and France. Pick which of these 3 ideas you think would be most effective. • Ex. Forming alliances, declaring war, etc.
Memo to James Madison
• Dilemma of how to deal with British & French attacks on U.S. ships
• Realizes he can no longer maintain Washington’s policy of ISOLATIONSIM
• Offered a deal to both France & GB: If their country would stop attacking American ships, America would no longer trade with their enemy • British refused
• France agreed
• So, America stopped all trade with GB
• But… U.S. ships continued to get attacked by both sides
• So, Madison goes to war in 1812!
Madison faces a dilemma…
Intro to the War of 1812 Reading
4.2.14 – Journal
Answer the following questions:
•(1) Name 2 causes of the War of 1812.
•(2) Who fought in the War of 1812?
•(3) Who won the War of 1812?
War of 1812
• Fought against Britain & British Canada in 1812-1814
• Called Mr. Madison’s War
Causes of the War of 1812
• Impressments: the taking of US sailors (French and British)
• British giving weapons to the Indians in the Northwest territory
• War Hawks (wanted to invade Canada)
• US cannot compete economically
War of 1812
• Why wasn’t the US ready for war? • Weak army and navy
• Most battles were in the North
• We attacked York (capital of Canada) and they attacked DC and burned it
• Uncle Sam created as a national patriotic identity
• The end of the war coincides with the defeat on Napoleon in Europe
U.S.S. Constitution
• Famous U.S. War of 1812 battleship.
• Nicknamed “Old Ironsides” as cannonballs would bounce off of the Live Oak sides (from the Cape Fear) during the War of 1812
• Never lost a battle
Great Lake Battles
• Defeats on land; look to water
• Control of the Great Lakes was vital
• Oliver Hazzard Perry built up a fleet on Lake Erie and gained a victory over Britain in 1813
• “We have met the enemy and he is ours”
• Inspired American nationalist spirit in 1813
Chesapeake Bay (1814)
• British attempted to invade area (Virginia\Maryland)
• Led to British taking Washington, DC and burning the Capitol and White House
• Madison fled west
• British troops ate the meal prepared for the President before burning it
• They then moved to Baltimore and were defeated at Fort McHenry • Star Spangled Banner
Fort McHenry
• Francis Scott Key penned the national anthem, The Star Spangled Banner as a poem while on a ship in the Baltimore Harbor.
Original Star Spangled Banner
from Ft. McHenry
http://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=6Uvf6eL5l_g
Treaty of Ghent (1814)
• Dec. 24, 1814
• Urged partly by European powers (Russia feared France)
• John Q. Adams and Henry Clay sent to negotiate
• Armistice ends the War of 1812
• No land gained; fighting just stopped
• Fighting continued until February
Battle of New Orleans, Jan. 8th 1815
• Fought after the peace treaty was signed
• General Andrew Jackson made a hero
• The US was outnumbered greatly, but had only 45 deaths compared to 2000 British
• VICTORY Increased pride & nationalism
Hartford Convention
• Meeting of Federalists party leaders from Dec 1814 to January 1815.
• Met to discuss secession by northern states
• Leaving the US and making a new country
• The meeting showed Sectionalism:
• division between north and south
• When the War of 1812 was over, the Democratic-Republicans were the heroes and the Federalists were seen as traitors (for supporting the British)
Results of the War
• Increased US manufacturing
• Increase nationalism (patriotism & honor for US as a country)
• Est. US as independent power
MOVIE POSTER FOR THE WAR OF 1812
• You have been hired by a movie company who will be making film about the War of 1812
• You must make a poster advertisement to represent the War of 1812, containing text and images that will give potential movie-goers an understanding of what happened during the war
• Include a tagline
Unit 3 Review Activity Your test is TOMORROW
• In groups (we will number off 1-9), you will each receive a sheet of paper with one of the sections of notes on it (3.1-3.9)
• You will create a review question as a group for that topic using your notes
• Then you will pass your paper to the next group, they will: • (1) answer your question • (2) write a new question using the same notes • (3) then they will pass again, so on and so forth!
Questions:
• What were the causes of the War of 1812?
• What was the name of the battle that was fought after the Treaty of Ghent was signed?
• What does Secession mean?
• What does Sectionalism mean?
Vocabulary
• War of 1812
• Treaty of Ghent
• Battle of New Orleans
• The Hartford Convention